The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) is an international agreement that addresses legal issues regarding the rights and responsibilities of nations in their use of the world's oceans, established in 1982 after nine years of negotiations. Over 160 nations are parties to the agreement, which governs navigation, territorial sea limits, economic jurisdiction, legal status of resources on the seabed beyond national jurisdiction, and environmental control of marine pollution. While not perfect, UNCLOS is hailed as an important achievement in establishing a comprehensive international treaty regulating the use of the oceans.
The oceans had long been subject to the freedom of-the-seas doctrine - a principle put forth in the seventeenth century essentially limiting national rights and jurisdiction over the oceans to a narrow belt of sea surrounding a nation's coastline. The remainder of the seas was proclaimed to be free to all and belonging to none. While this situation prevailed into the twentieth century, by mid-century there was an impetus to extend national claims over offshore resources. There was growing concern over the toll taken on coastal fish stocks by long-distance fishing fleets and over the threat of pollution and wastes from transport ships and oil tankers carrying noxious cargoes that plied sea routes across the globe. The hazard of pollution was ever present, threatening coastal resorts and all forms of ocean life. The navies of the maritime powers were competing to maintain a presence across the globe on the surface waters and even under the sea……..
The oceans were generating a multitude of claims, counterclaims and sovereignty disputes.
The hope was for a more stable order, promoting greater use and better management of ocean resources and generating harmony and goodwill among States that would no longer have to eye each other suspiciously over conflicting claims……
On 1 November 1967, Malta's Ambassador to the United Nations, Arvid Pardo, asked the nations of the world to look around them and open their eyes to a looming conflict that could devastate the oceans, the lifeline of man's very survival……..
The Conference was convened in New York in 1973. It ended nine years later with the adoption in 1982 of a constitution for the seas - the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. During those nine years, shuttling back and forth between New York and Geneva, representatives of more than 160 sovereign States sat down and discussed the issues, bargained and traded national rights and obligations in the course of the marathon negotiations that produced the Convention.
Presentation for THE LEGAL PROVISIONS ABOUT THE EXPLORATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN AN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE
Course:Oil and Gas Law
MSc Oil and Gas Technology Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology School of Engineeringms, http://msc.petrotech.teikav.edu.gr/
Eastern Macedonia & Thrace Institute of
Technology
Dept. of Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering
M.Sc. in Oil & Gas Technology
Course Assignment for Energy Policy - Geostrategy
"Greek Exclusive Economic Zone: A Geopolitical Approach”
The legal provisions about the exploration of hydrocarbons in an exclusive ec...Gazis-Nikolaos
A brief summary of the legal framework regarding hydrocarbons exploration and exploitation in an exclusive economic zone focusing in Greek issues; in the frame of the "contract law" cource of the MSc in Oil & Gas Technology, School of Engineering Technology Department of Petroleum & Natural Gas Technology
This presentation will enlighten you on various law of the sea. You will be able to learn about the basic term of Ocean laws. you will also understand the critical points of boundary delimitation among many countries around the world.
The Legal Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage. The UNESCO 2001 Convent...UNESCO Venice Office
Author: Ulrike Guérin, Secretariat of UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001)
SESSION 2
Regional meeting on the implementation and ratification of the 2001 Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage in South-East Europe - 30 September – 1 October 2014. Zadar, Croatia
DISCLAIMER
The ideas and opinions expressed in the above presentations are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the documents do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city of area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
The oceans had long been subject to the freedom of-the-seas doctrine - a principle put forth in the seventeenth century essentially limiting national rights and jurisdiction over the oceans to a narrow belt of sea surrounding a nation's coastline. The remainder of the seas was proclaimed to be free to all and belonging to none. While this situation prevailed into the twentieth century, by mid-century there was an impetus to extend national claims over offshore resources. There was growing concern over the toll taken on coastal fish stocks by long-distance fishing fleets and over the threat of pollution and wastes from transport ships and oil tankers carrying noxious cargoes that plied sea routes across the globe. The hazard of pollution was ever present, threatening coastal resorts and all forms of ocean life. The navies of the maritime powers were competing to maintain a presence across the globe on the surface waters and even under the sea……..
The oceans were generating a multitude of claims, counterclaims and sovereignty disputes.
The hope was for a more stable order, promoting greater use and better management of ocean resources and generating harmony and goodwill among States that would no longer have to eye each other suspiciously over conflicting claims……
On 1 November 1967, Malta's Ambassador to the United Nations, Arvid Pardo, asked the nations of the world to look around them and open their eyes to a looming conflict that could devastate the oceans, the lifeline of man's very survival……..
The Conference was convened in New York in 1973. It ended nine years later with the adoption in 1982 of a constitution for the seas - the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. During those nine years, shuttling back and forth between New York and Geneva, representatives of more than 160 sovereign States sat down and discussed the issues, bargained and traded national rights and obligations in the course of the marathon negotiations that produced the Convention.
Presentation for THE LEGAL PROVISIONS ABOUT THE EXPLORATION OF HYDROCARBONS IN AN EXCLUSIVE ECONOMIC ZONE
Course:Oil and Gas Law
MSc Oil and Gas Technology Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology School of Engineeringms, http://msc.petrotech.teikav.edu.gr/
Eastern Macedonia & Thrace Institute of
Technology
Dept. of Petroleum & Natural Gas Engineering
M.Sc. in Oil & Gas Technology
Course Assignment for Energy Policy - Geostrategy
"Greek Exclusive Economic Zone: A Geopolitical Approach”
The legal provisions about the exploration of hydrocarbons in an exclusive ec...Gazis-Nikolaos
A brief summary of the legal framework regarding hydrocarbons exploration and exploitation in an exclusive economic zone focusing in Greek issues; in the frame of the "contract law" cource of the MSc in Oil & Gas Technology, School of Engineering Technology Department of Petroleum & Natural Gas Technology
This presentation will enlighten you on various law of the sea. You will be able to learn about the basic term of Ocean laws. you will also understand the critical points of boundary delimitation among many countries around the world.
The Legal Protection of Underwater Cultural Heritage. The UNESCO 2001 Convent...UNESCO Venice Office
Author: Ulrike Guérin, Secretariat of UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage (2001)
SESSION 2
Regional meeting on the implementation and ratification of the 2001 Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage in South-East Europe - 30 September – 1 October 2014. Zadar, Croatia
DISCLAIMER
The ideas and opinions expressed in the above presentations are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout the documents do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city of area or of its authorities or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries.
Born with a Grey Beard: Canada's Navigable Waters Protection ActLOWaterkeeper
Presented at the 6th Canadian River Heritage Conference Ottawa, Ontario June 15, 2009, this paper examines the process by which the Navigable Waters Protection Act was amended, the reasons and trends behind the changes, and some of the flaws with the process. The paper suggests that fanciful notions of “navigation” and “rights” still matter in todayʼs Canada. It describes how our collective respect and understanding for the act of navigation has crumbled and how, in our hurry to “modernize” our laws, our Parliamentarians have laid the groundwork for two-tier justice and the unnecessary surrender of wealth.
Written by Krystyn Tully, Lake Ontario Waterkeeper.
The presentation sketches the development of the law of the sea from the days of Hugo Grotius to 1982-- when the United Nations Law of the Sea Convention was adopted.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Students, digital devices and success - Andreas Schleicher - 27 May 2024..pptxEduSkills OECD
Andreas Schleicher presents at the OECD webinar ‘Digital devices in schools: detrimental distraction or secret to success?’ on 27 May 2024. The presentation was based on findings from PISA 2022 results and the webinar helped launch the PISA in Focus ‘Managing screen time: How to protect and equip students against distraction’ https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/education/managing-screen-time_7c225af4-en and the OECD Education Policy Perspective ‘Students, digital devices and success’ can be found here - https://oe.cd/il/5yV
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
2. • The united nations convention on the law
of the sea has several names forthis
agreement. They include Law of the Sea,
orLOS.
• Over160 nations participate and the
conference lasted until 1982.
3.
4. • In the 17th Century,
limited national rights
and jurisdiction over
certain waters, the rest
of the sea being free to
all and belonging to
none
• Technological
development occurred in
the mid- 19th and early-
20th century.
• Ships become more
powerful, but technology
• To protect local resources
the nations began
expanding theirclaims of
sovereignty beyond the
traditional 3 mile limit.
5.
6. • The convention
addressed several
provisions and significant
issues including- setting
limits, navigation;
exclusive economic
zones (EEZ); continental
shelf jurisdiction; deep
seabed mining; the
exploitation regime;
protection of the marine
environment; scientific
research; and settlement
of disputes.
• Although there are still
many issues unsettled
• With the 160 nations
participation the
deliberations lasted for
nine years, and
concluded in 1982 with
the United Nations
Convention on the Law
of the Sea, commonly
referred to as “UNCLOS”
orthe Law of the Sea
Treaty
• UNCLOS had to prevent
reservations orrisk
maintaining a fractured
regime, in orderto
establish a unified law of
7.
8. • There are a numberof references to
environmental duties and obligation
within the treaty, although UNCLOS is not
an environmental treaty, it frequently
addressed environmental concerns. It has
an entire section dedicated to the
protection and preservation of the marine
environment.
9.
10. • Excluding the United States there are presently there
are 160 nations that have ratified UNCLOS.
• There have been a few criticisms towards UNCLOS
although it is generally hailed as a monumental
achievement in the arena of international law. One of
the most often heard criticisms is the treaty’s reliance
upon national legislation to implement its provisions.
11. • Daniel J.Daniel J. HollisHollis;;TatjanaTatjana RosenRosen;"United Nations Convention on Law;"United Nations Convention on Law
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published in the Encyclopedia of Earth June 22, 2010; Last revisedpublished in the Encyclopedia of Earth June 22, 2010; Last revised
Date September 10, 2010;<Date September 10, 2010;<
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