Taxes allow governments to provide goods and services by generating revenue. The US Constitution grants Congress the power to collect taxes to fund the common defense and general welfare. Federal taxes must be uniform across states and exempt religious activities. Taxes include income, sales, property and corporate taxes. Governments use tax revenue along with borrowing to fund expenditures through annual budgets. Fiscal policy aims to influence economic growth through taxing and spending decisions.
Taxation, Direct and Indirect Tax Macro Economicsckeebakhattak
this presentation tell about what is tax and what is the difference between direct and indirect taxation and its advantages(Pros) and disadvantages(Cons).
Taxation, Direct and Indirect Tax Macro Economicsckeebakhattak
this presentation tell about what is tax and what is the difference between direct and indirect taxation and its advantages(Pros) and disadvantages(Cons).
Affect of Money supply on inflation and GDP.................how our GDP and inflation vary with our Indian economy going up or down...................know thru did prez.........
Chapter1Introduction to Federal Taxation and Understanding theJinElias52
Chapter
1
Introduction to Federal Taxation and Understanding the Federal Tax Law
OBJECTIVES
After completing Chapter 1, you should be able to:
1. Identify types of taxes used by federal and state governments to raise revenues.
2. Understand the methods of tax collection and the trends shown by tax collection statistics.
3. Differentiate between tax avoidance and tax evasion.
4. Recall the underlying rationale of the federal income tax and its historical development.
5. Describe the route a tax bill takes until enacted into law.
6. Define the basic tax concepts and terms of federal income taxation.
INTRODUCTION
Federal taxation is the fuel by which Americans power their “Ship of State.” The tax structure which supports our federal government has gone from quill and ink records of revolutionary assessments to lightning speed computers which calculate and validate millions of income tax returns submitted by individuals and corporations. Federal taxes, in addition to the income tax, include a variety of other taxes covering estates, gifts, and customs, as well as excise taxes, and other minor categories of tax. Our governments can thus select among a variety of tax alternatives to produce the revenues required to operate national programs and carry out national policies.
Taxes are big business. Unfortunately, many business decisions are made in the United States today without regard to federal tax consequences. Individuals are concerned with personal income tax decisions and gift and estate tax decisions, while corporations concern themselves with corporate taxes, personal holding company taxes, and accumulated earnings tax decisions. Further, businesspersons must concern themselves with the choice of business entity: corporation, partnership, or S corporation. Differences in tax costs can be considerable. Advantages and disadvantages are virtually unlimited. This book presents information which is required knowledge if you make business decisions.
While most businesspersons (and many advisors) think about how to make decisions in nontax terms, the tax accountant bears the burden of introducing tax considerations. The topics presented in this book must be viewed in terms of decision-making—therefore, tax planning and tax research are of the utmost importance. Tax decisions are not made in a vacuum. Lawyers, accountants, financial managers, and a host of other experts work as a team in the decision-making process. This book is intended to serve as a guide for accounting students and for MBA students interested in gaining insight into and expertise in the tax complexities of business decision-making.
OVERVIEW
This chapter presents information on the magnitude of federal taxes collected and on taxpayer obligations. Then, a brief historical account is presented of federal tax collections prior to and after the adoption of the Sixteenth Amendment to the Constitution, which enabled Congress to levy “taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived.” Foll ...
Types of Taxes, Taxes are essential to the functioning of any country, as they are the primary source of revenue for the government. While taxes may seem like a complicated subject, they are essential to maintaining the infrastructure of our country. There are several types of taxes that individuals and businesses have to pay, each with its own set of rules and regulations. In this article, we will explore the different types of taxes and how they work.
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1.
The main types of taxes used to fund the public sector include income taxes, payroll taxes, property taxes, sales taxes, and excise taxes. While other taxes exist, these five types of taxes are the most prominent and generate the majority of revenue used to fund the public sector.
The Federal Government raises the majority of its revenue from the combination of income taxes, payroll taxes, and excise taxes. These taxes raised approximately 94.1% of federal tax revenue in 2013 (Miller, 2016, p. 134). Corporate income taxes generate additional cost to the producer which must be passed on to the consumer in order to generate profits. Individual income taxes reduce the amount of capital the consumer has to spend. Payroll taxes are shared equally by both the producer, in this case the employer, and the consumer; however, the real cost is passed on to the consumer in the form of reduced wages (Miller, 2016, p. 135). Finally, excise taxes are levied on the product and must be paid by the producer. Ultimately, the consumer is affected by the higher price and ends up paying a portion of this tax.
State and Local Governments raise their tax revenue, which accounted for 47.4% of total revenue, from sales taxes, property taxes, and income taxes (Miller, 2016, p. 134). Sales taxes affect mainly the consumer. The additional cost is not passed on to the producer. Property taxes are assessed on the value of property owned. The consumer bears the burden of these taxes, and as a result, there are residual effects on producers due to a lower demand for high value items. The impact of income taxes is the same for the producer and consumer as discussed in the preceding paragraph.
2.
The government finds numerous ways to fund governmental operations through taxing at a federal, state and local level. There are many types of taxes excised at each level of government. The most well- known tax is arguably the federal income tax, although most states also collect income tax. Alaska, Florida, Nevada, South Dakota, Texas, Washington and Wyoming do not collect state income tax (Kahn, 2015) In the United States the income tax is progressive, meaning that as the taxpayer earns more money the tax rate raises. In effect, those who make the least money pay the lowest taxes proportionally whereas those earning the most pay the largest amount proportionally. Regressive and proportional taxes are other types of income taxes. A regressive tax has those making the least money paying the highest proportionally and the highest earning paying the least. A proportional tax, also called a flat tax, has all taxpayers paying the same proportion of their income.
The federal government also collects Social Security, or FICA tax, medicare tax, capital gains taxes, and corporate taxes. The tax burden of some of these are spilt between the employee and the employer. .
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While we primarily consider them once a year during tax season, we deal with them often throughout the year. In addition to the benefits of file taxes on our income, we also have to pay taxes on the things we buy and the property we own. Total annual expenditures in the United States for these things add up to billions of dollars and include everything from Social Security and the military to garbage collection and park maintenance.
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A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
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Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
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2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
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2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
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Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
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