Unit 3
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The document summarizes key aspects of the US Executive Branch, including the presidency, bureaucracy, and historical trends. It outlines constitutional qualifications for the presidency, presidential duties and styles of leadership. It also discusses precedents set by early presidents like Washington, challenges faced by Lincoln during the Civil War, and modern presidents from Teddy Roosevelt to Bill Clinton. The bureaucracy section outlines the White House staff, executive departments, and civil service system.
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Ch 13 Sec 1 And 2
The document discusses the office of the President and Vice President of the United States. Constitutional qualifications to be President include being a natural born citizen over 35 years old who has lived in the US for at least 14 years. The 22nd Amendment set a two-term limit for Presidents. The Vice President's official role is to preside over the Senate but the job has grown to include advising the President. The Presidential Succession Act of 1947 outlined succession beyond the Vice President due to concerns of nuclear war. Presidents aim to balance the ticket by choosing a Vice President that appeals to different demographic groups. The 25th Amendment addressed determining presidential disability.
Chapter 17 - Reconstruction
After the Civil War, Reconstruction aimed to reunite the nation and define the rights of freed slaves. However, the plans of Lincoln, Congress, and Andrew Johnson differed on how to reintegrate the Southern states and whether and how to grant African Americans citizenship and suffrage. The assassination of Lincoln and rise of Radical Republican control led to strengthened federal authority and protection of African American civil rights through amendments and legislation. However, the end of Reconstruction saw a decline in Republican support and rise of Democratic "Redeemers" in the South, restricting African American rights and political power through violent intimidation, segregation laws, and electoral barriers.
The Politics of Reconstruction
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Reconstruction section #1
The document provides information about the legacy and effects of the American Civil War. It discusses several key events that turned the tide of the war, such as the Battle of Gettysburg and Sherman's March to the Sea. It also notes the re-election of Abraham Lincoln in 1864 and the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, which marked the end of the war. The document then summarizes some of the major outcomes of the Civil War, such as establishing the federal government's supreme authority and settling disputes over states' rights and slavery.
Reconstruction Comes to An End
1) The rise of violent white supremacist groups like the Ku Klux Klan led to intimidation and violence against Republican voters, especially African Americans in the South.
2) Attempts by Southern Democrats to regain political control through intimidation of Republican voters succeeded in Mississippi, Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
3) The end of Reconstruction was marked by the Compromise of 1877, which withdrew federal troops from the South, allowing home rule to be restored under Democratic white supremacist governments.
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The document outlines several roles of the President of the United States. As Commander-in-Chief, the President has supreme authority over the military but Congress declares war. As Chief Executive, the President must work with Congress to enact their agenda and compromise on issues. As Chief Diplomat, the President negotiates treaties and conducts foreign relations to protect American interests abroad.
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The document summarizes the Reconstruction era in the United States from 1866 to 1877. It discusses the economic and political state of the South after the Civil War, the phases of Reconstruction under different presidents and Congresses, efforts to define citizenship and rights for freed black people, and the rise of violent opposition groups like the Ku Klux Klan. It analyzes key people and events, such as the Freedmen's Bureau, Black Codes, impeachment of President Johnson, and the contested 1876 presidential election, and ultimately deems Reconstruction a failure that did not rehabilitate the South's economy or secure equal rights.
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The term "Imperial Presidency" originated in the 1970s to describe the perceived abuse of power by presidents Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon during the Vietnam War and Watergate scandal. Historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr. argued that the presidency had become dominant over Congress, with the executive branch resembling a royal court. Subsequent presidents, including Reagan with the Iran-Contra affair and Clinton with treaties and wars not authorized by Congress, were also said to expand presidential power beyond what the Founding Fathers intended in the Constitution by taking war-making authority for themselves. Whether modern presidencies should truly be considered "imperial" is debated, as critics often label presidents that way while supporters argue circumstances sometimes require strong
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The document discusses the office of the President and Vice President of the United States. Constitutional qualifications to be President include being a natural born citizen over 35 years old who has lived in the US for at least 14 years. The 22nd Amendment set a two-term limit for Presidents. The Vice President's official role is to preside over the Senate but the job has grown to include advising the President. The Presidential Succession Act of 1947 outlined succession beyond the Vice President due to concerns of nuclear war. Presidents aim to balance the ticket by choosing a Vice President that appeals to different demographic groups. The 25th Amendment addressed determining presidential disability.
Chapter 17 - Reconstruction
After the Civil War, Reconstruction aimed to reunite the nation and define the rights of freed slaves. However, the plans of Lincoln, Congress, and Andrew Johnson differed on how to reintegrate the Southern states and whether and how to grant African Americans citizenship and suffrage. The assassination of Lincoln and rise of Radical Republican control led to strengthened federal authority and protection of African American civil rights through amendments and legislation. However, the end of Reconstruction saw a decline in Republican support and rise of Democratic "Redeemers" in the South, restricting African American rights and political power through violent intimidation, segregation laws, and electoral barriers.
The Politics of Reconstruction
Brief presentation about the political wrangling between Congress and President Andrew Johnson. For use with section 12.1 of "The Americans"
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The document provides information about the legacy and effects of the American Civil War. It discusses several key events that turned the tide of the war, such as the Battle of Gettysburg and Sherman's March to the Sea. It also notes the re-election of Abraham Lincoln in 1864 and the surrender of Confederate General Robert E. Lee to Union General Ulysses S. Grant in 1865, which marked the end of the war. The document then summarizes some of the major outcomes of the Civil War, such as establishing the federal government's supreme authority and settling disputes over states' rights and slavery.
Reconstruction Comes to An End
1) The rise of violent white supremacist groups like the Ku Klux Klan led to intimidation and violence against Republican voters, especially African Americans in the South.
2) Attempts by Southern Democrats to regain political control through intimidation of Republican voters succeeded in Mississippi, Florida, South Carolina, and Louisiana.
3) The end of Reconstruction was marked by the Compromise of 1877, which withdrew federal troops from the South, allowing home rule to be restored under Democratic white supremacist governments.
Roles of the president
The document outlines several roles of the President of the United States. As Commander-in-Chief, the President has supreme authority over the military but Congress declares war. As Chief Executive, the President must work with Congress to enact their agenda and compromise on issues. As Chief Diplomat, the President negotiates treaties and conducts foreign relations to protect American interests abroad.
Ch 15 Reconstruction
The document summarizes the Reconstruction era in the United States from 1866 to 1877. It discusses the economic and political state of the South after the Civil War, the phases of Reconstruction under different presidents and Congresses, efforts to define citizenship and rights for freed black people, and the rise of violent opposition groups like the Ku Klux Klan. It analyzes key people and events, such as the Freedmen's Bureau, Black Codes, impeachment of President Johnson, and the contested 1876 presidential election, and ultimately deems Reconstruction a failure that did not rehabilitate the South's economy or secure equal rights.
The imperial presidency
The term "Imperial Presidency" originated in the 1970s to describe the perceived abuse of power by presidents Lyndon Johnson and Richard Nixon during the Vietnam War and Watergate scandal. Historian Arthur Schlesinger Jr. argued that the presidency had become dominant over Congress, with the executive branch resembling a royal court. Subsequent presidents, including Reagan with the Iran-Contra affair and Clinton with treaties and wars not authorized by Congress, were also said to expand presidential power beyond what the Founding Fathers intended in the Constitution by taking war-making authority for themselves. Whether modern presidencies should truly be considered "imperial" is debated, as critics often label presidents that way while supporters argue circumstances sometimes require strong
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Roles of the president
The document outlines the various roles and responsibilities of the President of the United States. It discusses that the President is elected to a four-year term and can only serve two terms. The main roles of the President are as chief of state, chief executive, chief diplomat, commander-in-chief, chief legislator, head of their political party, and chief economic planner. In these roles, the President represents the country, enforces laws, conducts foreign policy, commands the armed forces, works with Congress to pass laws, helps their party, and monitors the economy.
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The document outlines several roles of the US President including chief of state, chief executive, chief diplomat, commander in chief, chief legislator, party leader, and economic planner. It provides examples and descriptions of the responsibilities associated with each role, such as representing the country, enforcing laws, conducting foreign policy, leading the military, proposing and signing bills, helping their political party, and monitoring economic indicators.
Reconstruction (1865-1877)
The Reconstruction of the South summarizes the period after the Civil War when the United States sought to reintegrate the Confederate states and protect the rights of freed slaves. It describes the competing plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and Radical Republicans to rebuild the South. Ultimately, Reconstruction ended in 1877 with the Compromise that withdrew federal troops and oversight from the South.
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This document contains summaries of several US politicians from Abraham Lincoln to current president Barack Obama and presidential candidate Mitt Romney. It discusses their key issues, histories, and committees. For example, it notes that Abraham Lincoln was influential in abolishing slavery and winning the Civil War, while Barack Obama's key issues include withdrawing troops from the Middle East and creating a national health insurance plan. The document aims to provide facts and background information on these political figures.
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The document summarizes some of the major problems and events during the Reconstruction era after the Civil War, including:
1) The South faced massive social, economic, and infrastructure problems following the war's end. Freed slaves sought to define their newfound freedom, often leaving plantations in search of work and establishing schools and churches.
2) Congress established the Freedmen's Bureau to aid freed slaves, though southern whites resented its presence and assistance to blacks. The Bureau ultimately failed to achieve all its goals before being shut down in 1872.
3) Disagreements arose between President Johnson, who favored a quick restoration of the former Confederate states, and the Republican-led Congress, which sought to
Reconstruction
1. The document provides an overview of Reconstruction in the United States after the Civil War, covering key events, policies, groups, and court cases between 1865-1877. It discusses the divisions between Presidential and Congressional reconstruction plans, the Black Codes passed by Southern states, and amendments and legislation aimed at protecting rights of freed slaves.
2. Major acts and events included the Freedmen's Bureau establishment to aid freed slaves, the 13th Amendment abolishing slavery, the Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteeing citizenship rights, and the rise of groups like the Ku Klux Klan opposing these changes. Reconstruction ultimately ended in 1877 with the Compromise that withdrew federal troops from the South.
3. The
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The document outlines several roles of the President of the United States including chief of state, chief executive, chief diplomat, commander in chief, chief legislator, party leader, and economic planner. It provides examples and descriptions of the responsibilities associated with each role such as awarding medals and making treaties as chief of state, appointing officials and issuing executive orders as chief executive, and directing foreign policy and hosting foreign leaders as chief diplomat.
4. reconstruction era
The Reconstruction Era followed the Civil War from 1867 to 1877. There were three main plans for rebuilding the southern states: Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan, Johnson's stricter plan, and the Radical Republican's Congressional Reconstruction Act of 1867, which divided the South into military districts requiring new state constitutions guaranteeing African American suffrage. However, the withdrawal of federal troops led to the imposition of Jim Crow laws segregating blacks and whites.
Reconstruction
The document discusses Lincoln's Ten-Percent Plan for Reconstruction following the Civil War. It was a lenient plan that allowed Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union once 10% of their voters took an oath of loyalty. The plan aimed to quickly reunite the North and South. However, Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln's plan as too lenient and favored harsher treatment of the South. Tensions rose between Lincoln and Congress over Reconstruction plans until Lincoln's assassination in 1865.
Reconstruction
After the Civil War, Reconstruction began as the North sought to reform and rebuild the South between 1865-1877. The Republican party controlled Congress and passed amendments and laws aimed at establishing rights for freed slaves, but faced opposition from President Johnson and Southern Democrats seeking to preserve the pre-war social order. Despite these efforts, white supremacists used violence and intimidation tactics like the Black Codes and Ku Klux Klan to oppress freed blacks and roll back Reconstruction by the late 1870s.
Reconstruction Power Point
The Radical Republicans took control of Reconstruction after Lincoln's assassination. They established the Freedmen's Bureau to help former slaves and passed the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. However, white supremacist groups like the KKK used violence and intimidation. Rufus Bullock became governor of Georgia but unrest continued until military rule was restored. The Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction, leaving the South under Democratic control.
Reconstruction 1865 1876
Lincoln, Congress, and Johnson each proposed different plans for Reconstruction after the Civil War. Lincoln's lenient 10% plan was rejected by Radical Republicans who wanted black suffrage added. The Wade-Davis Bill required an "iron clad" oath and constitutional conventions. Johnson largely followed Lincoln's plan but southern states passed discriminatory Black Codes. In response, Congress passed the 14th Amendment and the Radical Reconstruction plan of 1867 that established military rule and required black male suffrage. However, enforcement of equality was inadequate and the compromise of 1877 removed federal troops, ending the Reconstruction era.
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Reconstruction
After the Civil War, the South was devastated and its economy had to be rebuilt without slavery. Reconstruction efforts aimed to reunite the nation and protect the rights of freed slaves, but these efforts faced opposition. The 14th and 15th Amendments granted citizenship and voting rights to African Americans, while the Freedmen's Bureau provided aid to former slaves. However, racist groups like the Ku Klux Klan terrorized blacks, and Jim Crow laws later enforced segregation and disenfranchisement.
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Roles of the president
The document outlines the various roles and responsibilities of the President of the United States. It discusses that the President is elected to a four-year term and can only serve two terms. The main roles of the President are as chief of state, chief executive, chief diplomat, commander-in-chief, chief legislator, head of their political party, and chief economic planner. In these roles, the President represents the country, enforces laws, conducts foreign policy, commands the armed forces, works with Congress to pass laws, helps their party, and monitors the economy.
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The document outlines several roles of the US President including chief of state, chief executive, chief diplomat, commander in chief, chief legislator, party leader, and economic planner. It provides examples and descriptions of the responsibilities associated with each role, such as representing the country, enforcing laws, conducting foreign policy, leading the military, proposing and signing bills, helping their political party, and monitoring economic indicators.
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The Reconstruction of the South summarizes the period after the Civil War when the United States sought to reintegrate the Confederate states and protect the rights of freed slaves. It describes the competing plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and Radical Republicans to rebuild the South. Ultimately, Reconstruction ended in 1877 with the Compromise that withdrew federal troops and oversight from the South.
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LOAPUSH 22 custom
The document summarizes some of the major problems and events during the Reconstruction era after the Civil War, including:
1) The South faced massive social, economic, and infrastructure problems following the war's end. Freed slaves sought to define their newfound freedom, often leaving plantations in search of work and establishing schools and churches.
2) Congress established the Freedmen's Bureau to aid freed slaves, though southern whites resented its presence and assistance to blacks. The Bureau ultimately failed to achieve all its goals before being shut down in 1872.
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1. The document provides an overview of Reconstruction in the United States after the Civil War, covering key events, policies, groups, and court cases between 1865-1877. It discusses the divisions between Presidential and Congressional reconstruction plans, the Black Codes passed by Southern states, and amendments and legislation aimed at protecting rights of freed slaves.
2. Major acts and events included the Freedmen's Bureau establishment to aid freed slaves, the 13th Amendment abolishing slavery, the Civil Rights Act of 1866 guaranteeing citizenship rights, and the rise of groups like the Ku Klux Klan opposing these changes. Reconstruction ultimately ended in 1877 with the Compromise that withdrew federal troops from the South.
3. The
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The document outlines several roles of the President of the United States including chief of state, chief executive, chief diplomat, commander in chief, chief legislator, party leader, and economic planner. It provides examples and descriptions of the responsibilities associated with each role such as awarding medals and making treaties as chief of state, appointing officials and issuing executive orders as chief executive, and directing foreign policy and hosting foreign leaders as chief diplomat.
4. reconstruction era
The Reconstruction Era followed the Civil War from 1867 to 1877. There were three main plans for rebuilding the southern states: Lincoln's Ten Percent Plan, Johnson's stricter plan, and the Radical Republican's Congressional Reconstruction Act of 1867, which divided the South into military districts requiring new state constitutions guaranteeing African American suffrage. However, the withdrawal of federal troops led to the imposition of Jim Crow laws segregating blacks and whites.
Reconstruction
The document discusses Lincoln's Ten-Percent Plan for Reconstruction following the Civil War. It was a lenient plan that allowed Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union once 10% of their voters took an oath of loyalty. The plan aimed to quickly reunite the North and South. However, Radical Republicans opposed Lincoln's plan as too lenient and favored harsher treatment of the South. Tensions rose between Lincoln and Congress over Reconstruction plans until Lincoln's assassination in 1865.
Reconstruction
After the Civil War, Reconstruction began as the North sought to reform and rebuild the South between 1865-1877. The Republican party controlled Congress and passed amendments and laws aimed at establishing rights for freed slaves, but faced opposition from President Johnson and Southern Democrats seeking to preserve the pre-war social order. Despite these efforts, white supremacists used violence and intimidation tactics like the Black Codes and Ku Klux Klan to oppress freed blacks and roll back Reconstruction by the late 1870s.
Reconstruction Power Point
The Radical Republicans took control of Reconstruction after Lincoln's assassination. They established the Freedmen's Bureau to help former slaves and passed the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments. However, white supremacist groups like the KKK used violence and intimidation. Rufus Bullock became governor of Georgia but unrest continued until military rule was restored. The Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction, leaving the South under Democratic control.
Reconstruction 1865 1876
Lincoln, Congress, and Johnson each proposed different plans for Reconstruction after the Civil War. Lincoln's lenient 10% plan was rejected by Radical Republicans who wanted black suffrage added. The Wade-Davis Bill required an "iron clad" oath and constitutional conventions. Johnson largely followed Lincoln's plan but southern states passed discriminatory Black Codes. In response, Congress passed the 14th Amendment and the Radical Reconstruction plan of 1867 that established military rule and required black male suffrage. However, enforcement of equality was inadequate and the compromise of 1877 removed federal troops, ending the Reconstruction era.
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This document discusses the powers of the US President as outlined in the Constitution and as have evolved over time. It notes that the President must be a natural born citizen, at least 35 years old, and a US resident for at least 14 years. It also examines the President's roles as Chief Executive, Commander-in-Chief, head of state, and diplomat. The document analyzes the President's powers related to the military, appointments, treaties, pardons, vetoes, and issuing executive orders, as well as the expansion of presidential power over history.
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After the Civil War, the South was devastated and its economy had to be rebuilt without slavery. Reconstruction efforts aimed to reunite the nation and protect the rights of freed slaves, but these efforts faced opposition. The 14th and 15th Amendments granted citizenship and voting rights to African Americans, while the Freedmen's Bureau provided aid to former slaves. However, racist groups like the Ku Klux Klan terrorized blacks, and Jim Crow laws later enforced segregation and disenfranchisement.
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1) Colonial America had different types of colonial charters that granted various levels of control and self-governance. Some colonies like Pennsylvania and Virginia had elected legislatures.
2) Grievances over new taxes imposed by the British Parliament led the colonies to break away and declare independence in 1776. The Declaration of Independence outlined their reasons for doing so.
3) The Articles of Confederation established the first national government but had many weaknesses that led to calls for a stronger central government, resulting in the Constitutional Convention of 1787 and the ratification of the U.S. Constitution.
executive branch
The document discusses various aspects of the executive branch of the US government including executive agencies created by Congress, the roles of the chief of staff and heads of executive agencies, examples of ad hoc presidential task forces like the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, and structures for organizing the president's staff such as the pyramid and circular structures.
The federalist era
The document discusses the early Federalist Era in the United States, focusing on the presidencies of Washington and Adams and the conflict between the Federalist and Democratic-Republican parties. It describes how Washington established important precedents for the presidency and appointed Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson to his cabinet. Hamilton implemented an economic plan that increased federal power and sparked opposition from Jefferson, leading to the formation of the first political parties. Adams' presidency saw heightened partisan conflicts through acts targeting immigrants and criticism of the administration.
Caroline Newnationstudyguide2
The document provides details about early American government and society in the 1790s. It discusses the three branches of government established by the Constitution and their roles. It also describes population demographics, daily life, the economy, slavery, and Washington's warnings about partisanship in his Farewell Address.
Sections 4 and 5 of the Executive Branch Unit
The document discusses the evolution of the presidency from its early years to modern times. It describes the debates around how the president should be elected and the compromise of the electoral college. It also outlines different structures of the White House office that presidents have adopted and the various councils and offices that comprise the Executive Office of the Presidency, such as the National Security Council and Office of Management and Budget.
Unit 2 honors
The document provides an overview of colonial America and the origins of the US Constitution. It discusses:
1. The different types of colonial charters and examples of self-government in the colonies of Pennsylvania, Virginia, and Massachusetts.
2. The key events leading to the Declaration of Independence, including new taxes by the British and acts like the Stamp Act and Coercive Acts that angered colonists.
3. The weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation and calls for a stronger central government, leading to the Constitutional Convention and the drafting of the US Constitution.
Political economy (3)
The document discusses the growing prominence of federal political institutions in the United States over the 20th century, driven by responses to crises like the Great Depression and World Wars. It analyzes the major institutions of the presidency, Congress, courts, and bureaucracy in terms of how office holders are recruited, how power is organized, which interests they respond to, and typical timelines of office holders.
Katie L. New Nation Study Guide
The document provides study guide questions and answers about important people and events during the formation of the United States government in the 1790s. It discusses the three branches of government, precedents, secretaries of state and treasury, problems facing the new nation like organizing the military, opposition to the national bank, geographical challenges, roles of Washington, Adams, and Jefferson, debate over loose vs strict interpretation of the Constitution, establishment of the national bank, foreign and domestic policy, the neutrality proclamation, Washington's views on slavery, and his farewell address.
The Presidency - Qualifications, Powers and Roles
The document provides an overview of the powers and roles of the President of the United States, including both expressed powers in the Constitution as well as informal powers that have expanded over time. It discusses the President's role as Commander in Chief, chief executive, and head of state. The document also examines the President's cabinet, staff, and relationship with Congress.
Similar to Unit 3 (20)
More from Fredrick Smith
Abraham lincoln
Thomas Lincoln and Nancy Hanks Lincoln had a son, Abraham Lincoln, in 1809 in Kentucky. Abraham worked various jobs as a young man and became a lawyer in Illinois. He was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1846 and advocated for the abolition of slavery. Elected as the first Republican president in 1860, Lincoln led the country during the Civil War and issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, freeing slaves in rebel states. On April 14, 1865, Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth at Ford's Theater in Washington D.C., dying the next morning.
Prohibition
The document provides information about key events and aspects of the 1920s in the United States, with a focus on Prohibition. It discusses how the 18th Amendment prohibited the sale and manufacture of alcohol nationwide from 1920 to 1933, which was very unpopular. It also notes that people found ways to circumvent the law by purchasing illegal liquor or making their own alcohol. The monument depicted appears to memorialize resistance to Prohibition, referencing John Barleycorn and dates relevant to the enactment and repeal of Prohibition.
Rise of big business 1860 1900
From 1860-1900, the United States became an economic superpower due to its vast natural resources, booming population from immigration, a pro-business government, and American ingenuity. Innovations like the Bessemer process and widespread use of steel facilitated the construction of skyscrapers and bridges. Industrialists like Rockefeller, Carnegie, and others consolidated their industries vertically and horizontally, forming trusts and monopolies to maximize profits despite facing criticism for harsh treatment of workers. This period of rapid industrialization and economic growth also saw the rise of big cities, labor issues, and concerns over the power of large corporations.
Shays rebellion reading
1) Daniel Shays, a former soldier, struggled financially after the Revolutionary War due to high taxes imposed by the Massachusetts government to pay war debts. He led a rebellion called Shays' Rebellion to protest these taxes.
2) In 1786, Shays and thousands of armed rebels known as "Regulators" marched on courthouses to try and stop debt collections and tax enforcement. They were able to shut down courts but were later defeated by government forces.
3) In January 1787, Shays led over 1,000 rebels in an attack on the federal arsenal in Springfield to seize weapons, but they were repelled by cannon and musket fire, with several rebels killed or wounded. This
Delegates
George Washington will serve as President of the Convention to keep order and direct debate. James Madison will serve as Secretary to take notes. Their duties are outlined. Delegates are assigned roles that represent different states and positions on issues like federal power and slavery. The document outlines beliefs held by each delegate that will guide their participation in the debates.
Articles of confetti
The Articles of Confederation had several severe problems:
- The national government had no ability to tax states, collect revenue, or engage in war. Each state acted independently.
- There was no unified currency, trade was restricted between states, and the judicial system varied between states.
- Congress had one equal vote for each state regardless of population size, and there was no executive branch to enforce laws.
- Amendments required approval of all 13 states, so the Articles were difficult to change. Overall, the Articles created a weak national government and the United States operated more as a confederation of independent states.
Patriot games
The document summarizes key events and people in the American Revolutionary War from 1775-1783, including the battles of Lexington and Concord, Bunker Hill, Trenton and Saratoga, and Valley Forge. It discusses the British shifting their focus to the South in 1778 due to loyalist support. General Nathaniel Greene used hit-and-run tactics against the British in the South. The document also summarizes the decisive American victory at Yorktown in 1781 and the terms of the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which granted independence to the United States. It analyzes the impacts of the war on loyalists, slaves, and women's roles.
The hill has_eyes
The Battle of Bunker Hill took place on June 17, 1775 on Breed's Hill, where 1500 colonial militia had constructed an earthwork fortification overnight. The British, led by General Howe and with 2400 troops, made three assaults on the colonial position. Though the colonists were eventually forced to retreat due to running low on ammunition and lacking experience in hand-to-hand combat, they inflicted heavy casualties on the British troops during their frontal assaults. While the British maintained control of the battlefield, the victory came at such a high cost that it bolstered the confidence of the colonists and showed that colonial militia could stand up to the superior British forces.
Indepence day
The document discusses the events surrounding the signing and adoption of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. It summarizes that the Second Continental Congress organized in Philadelphia to debate independence from Britain, with delegates deeply divided on pursuing peace or independence. Thomas Paine's pamphlet "Common Sense" rallied colonists to accept independence. The Declaration of Independence was signed on July 4th, 1776, declaring American sovereignty and notifying the King that the colonies considered themselves independent.
Down in the_valley
During the winter of 1777-78, the British Army was stationed comfortably in Philadelphia while Washington's Continental Army suffered through the harsh winter at Valley Forge. Over 2,000 soldiers died from disease and exposure, but General Von Steuben helped transform the untrained army. Though no battle occurred at Valley Forge, it was considered an American victory because the Continental Army emerged better trained and prepared under Washington's leadership.
Desperate continentals
Washington attacks the Hessians in Trenton, New Jersey on December 26th, 1776 in a surprise victory. He then crosses the Delaware River again and attacks Princeton, New Jersey, winning another battle. These victories boost American morale and support for the colonial cause. Meanwhile, Burgoyne's British forces are stopped at Saratoga, New York in 1777, forcing his entire army to surrender in a major defeat for the British.
Cowpens sand table
The Battle of Cowpens took place in South Carolina in 1778. The slightly undulating battlefield was open with spaced out trees. The American general placed approximately 1,000 militia and Continental soldiers on a crest with the militia in front. Around 150 yards ahead was a thinner militia line as scouts. The British had around 1,100 infantry and cavalry lined up in two lines facing the Americans, with cannons in the center. The Broad River was about 3 inches wide on the map grid, while smaller rivers were 1-2 inches wide. The hills were flat topped with gradual slopes and some rocky areas.
Leaders of the revolution (2)
This document provides a guide to important people, events, and battles of the Revolutionary War. It includes notes on British generals William Howe and Charles Cornwallis, King George III, and the traitor Benedict Arnold. American heroes discussed are Thomas Jefferson, Paul Revere, Samuel Adams, Benjamin Franklin, George Washington, and Nathaniel Greene. Minutemen, the colonial militia who were ready to fight in a minute's notice, are also mentioned. Maps, a timeline, and materials for a Revolutionary War game are included to aid understanding of this pivotal time period.
Rev war timeline and maps
The American Revolution timeline document summarizes important events from 1775 to 1783. It describes early battles such as Lexington and Concord in 1775 where the Revolutionary War began, the Battle of Bunker Hill where Americans surrounded Boston, and Washington's Christmas Day surprise attack on Hessian mercenaries in Trenton, New Jersey in 1776. It also discusses the pivotal American victory at Saratoga in 1777 that convinced France to ally with the rebels, and the eventual siege of Yorktown in 1781 that forced British General Cornwallis to surrender, effectively ending major fighting in the Revolutionary War.
Pest control
The document discusses sovereignty over the American colonies as tensions rose between Great Britain and the colonies. It explains that Britain maintained legal sovereignty but its actual control was weakening as the colonies grew more autonomous. As Britain tried to reassert control through taxes and laws, the colonies began to unite in opposition to taxation without representation. This growing conflict came to a head with events like the Boston Massacre, increasing tensions and pushing the colonies closer to revolution for independence from British rule.
Anger management
The document summarizes Britain's changing policies towards its American colonies from the mid-17th century to the 1770s. It begins with a policy of "salutary neglect", where Britain left the colonies alone as long as they were profitable. However, after the French and Indian War, Britain adopted a more controlling "hands on" approach to try to pay off war debts and manage its lands. This included passing new taxes like the Stamp Act to directly tax the colonies, leading to protests by colonists who argued they were being taxed without representation.
Iced tea
The document summarizes the events leading up to the Boston Tea Party and its aftermath. In response to previous tax acts, the Townshend Acts imposed new taxes on goods and allowed smugglers to be tried without juries in Britain. In response, colonists organized boycotts which led to the repeal of most taxes except the Tea Act. This allowed the British East India Company to sell tea cheaper in the colonies, angering colonial merchants. In protest, the Sons of Liberty disguised as Native Americans dumped crates of tea into Boston harbor. In retaliation, the British passed the Intolerable Acts closing Boston harbor and changing colonial government. This led the colonies to organize the First Continental Congress to petition the king and consider
Growing tensions (1)
The document provides an overview of Chapter 3 from the textbook "America: Pathways to the Present". It covers four main sections: 1) An Empire and Its Colonies, discussing how the English Civil War and mercantilism impacted colonial development. 2) Life in Colonial America, describing colonial society, occupations, education, and women's roles. 3) African Americans in the Colonies, focusing on slavery, the Middle Passage, and laws controlling slaves. 4) Emerging Tensions, covering western expansion, reactions from Native Americans and the French, and religious tensions in the colonies. Assessment questions are included at the end of each section.
Age of empires (1)
Mercantilism was an economic theory where countries sought to accumulate gold and silver by collecting resources from colonies in order to become more powerful. Colonies provided resources to their mother country, which manufactured goods and sold them back to the colonies for a profit. This triangular trade between Europe, Africa, and the Americas involved the exchange of slaves, rum, sugar cane, timber, and guns. Countries that successfully practiced mercantilism through colonial trade became economically strong and developed powerful militaries.
French and Indian War
The document summarizes key events of the French and Indian War in North America between 1754 and 1763. It discusses how the Ohio River Valley was desirable for settlement due to its fertile land and location at the confluence of the Allegheny, Monongahela, and Ohio Rivers. The French responded to British settlements in the Ohio River Valley by attacking a militia led by George Washington in 1754, starting the French and Indian War. Ultimately, the British were able to defeat the French through better preparation of troops under William Pitt and capturing the French capital of Quebec City in 1759 after a three month siege. The war ended with the Treaty of Paris in 1763, giving much of New France to the British.
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Unit 3
- 1. Unit 3 The Executive Branch
- 17. II. Bureaucracy