The document discusses management concepts and principles relevant for health practitioners. It defines management and describes its functions, which include planning, organizing, leading, coordinating, and monitoring and control. As a health post manager, management skills are important to achieve community health goals by working with community groups and teams to effectively plan, implement, and monitor health activities and services. Management allows health practitioners to direct resources to improve the health of the entire community.

1. At the end of this teaching learning session HA 3rd year
students will be able to :
Define management.
Describe the various concepts of management
Define health management
Explain the importance of management
Enlist and illustrate the principles of management
Prepared By: RN Srijana Giri(B.N)

2. •A precise definition of management is not simple because it
is used in variety of ways.
•Although management is a new discipline, the concepts
and principles are derived from many other disciplines such
as sociology ,economic, psychology ,anthropology ,statistics
and so on.
•Management term is used in 3 alternative ways:
-Management as a discipline
-Management as a group of people
-Management as a process
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3.  Management is an important element in every
organization. It is the element that coordinates currents
organizational activities and plans for the future.
 The management adapts the organization to its
environment and shapes the organization to make it
more suitable to the organization.
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4. Management is knowing exactly what you want people to
do, and them seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest
way. -Frederick.Winslow Taylor (scientific management
theory)
To manage is to forecast and to plan ,to organize to
command, to coordinate and to control.
-Henry Fayol
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5. Traditional concept :
 Management as a process“consisting of
planning,organizing ,actuating and controlling
,performed to determine and accomplish the objective by
the use of people and resources.”
-George R. Terry
 Management is the art of getting thing done through
people. –Mary Parker Follet
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6. Modern concept:
 Managing is not limited to directing the efforts of
others to accomplish the goals of organization but also
involves creating an environment or climate in the
organization whereby the individuals are motivated to
work efficiently to achieve specific objectives of
organization.
 Management is the creation and maintenance of an
internal environment in an enterprise where
individuals, working in groups can perform efficiently
and effectively towards the attainment of group goals.
- Koontz Harold and Cyril O’Donnell
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7. According to “The American society of hospitals”
 Health Management is the planning, organizing,
directing and controlling and coordinating the resources
and procedures and methods by which is to meet the
need and the demand for health and medical care
services and to provide a healthy enviroment through the
provision of health care services to consumers as
individuals,group and society as a whole.”
 Health care management is also known as :
Health Management, Health System Management and
medical and Health Services Management.
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8.  It helps in achieving group goals
 Optimum utilization of resources
 Reduces costs
 Establishes sound organization
 Establish equilibrium
 Essentials for prosperity of society.
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Important

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21.  Equity means combination of fairness, kindness and
justice.
 Employees should be treated with kindness and equity if
devotion is expected from them.
 It implies the managers should be fair and impartial
while dealing with subordinates. They should give
treatment to people of similar position. There should not
be discrimination with respect to age ,
caste,sex,religion,relation.
 Equity is essential to create and maintain cordial
relations between the managers and subordinates.
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25.  The word administer is derived from the latin word “ad +
ministraire” which means to care for or to look after people to
manage affairs.
 In simple terms administration means the process or activity
of running an organization.
 Administration is basically concerned with the objective,
plans and policies. A good administration in place will ensure
the success of an enterprise.
 Administration broadly means “ getting things done” and the
management is “the purposeful and effective use of resources
–manpower , materials and finances for fulfilling a
predetermined objective”.
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26. According to G.E Millswork “ Administration is
primarily the process and the agency used to
establish the object or purpose which an
understanding its staff are to achieve , secondly
administration has to plan and stabilize the
board lines of principles which will govern
action .The broad lines are called polices
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27.  Administration is guidence,leadership and
control of a group of people towards a
common goal. – Newman
 Administration is the series of action through s
which the desired goal is achieved.
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28.  Planning : primary function of management is to deal
with the human.
 Organizing : management integrates the elements of
men, machines, materials, methods and money to
achieve organizational
 Coordinating :is a continuous process of identifying the
potential area of difficulty and implements remedial
measures before they become crisis in business.
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29.  Staffing : when there is an activity to performed by a
group, all managerial function such as planning ,
organizing, directing and controlling.
 Directing (commanding)
 Controlling
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30. Administration Management
It is the process of determining the
object to be achieved
It is the process of planning the
work as per the object laid down
by administration.
It is lay down the polices and
principles.
It executes the policies and
programmes.
It prepares framework under which
one is asked to work and execute.
It supervise and controls the
execution of assigned work.
It provides direction, guidance and
leadership.
It controls activities
It is the first and provides to the
management and organization.
It comes second follows the
administration and derives
strength from adminstration.
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Administration Management
Provide sketch of the enterprise and
concerned more with determination
of objectives and policies
Provides the entire body and
concerned with implementation of
policies.
Has legislative and determinative
function
Has executive function
Influenced mainly by public opinion
and other outside forces
Influenced mainly by administrative
decisions
Mainly a top level function Lower level function
Involves thinking and planning Involves in doing and acting

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33.  Management is quite simply getting things done
through people .As a health post and care provider
at community level their job will involve
management because it will help to achieved the
intended goals.
 Using management techniques will help show how
to make changes to improve the health of everyone
in your community.
 Health practitioners play role in the primary health
care system. So it is expected to be a manager,
leader, coordinator,planner, supervisor and also
monitor of the health services in community.
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34. Management consists of the following functions:
1. Planning
2. Organising
3. leading
4. Coordination
5. Monitoring and control
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35.  planning is forecasting and thinking about
things that you what to happen in the future
and then working out ways to get there.
 It help to develop the plan that determine the
goals to improve the health all the people in
community.
 As a first step we need to prepare plans for
the future and this is best done together with
community groups that share a common
purpose.
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36.  After a plan is developed it needs to be
translated into action.
 As a part of implementation process,
organising the various administrative
structures and community group member is
crucial.
 Furthermore, we need to consturct a set of
formal relationship with different groups in
the community. This will help you in deciding
how the plan will be carried out and who will
do it.
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37.  Leading is directing, influencing and motivating a
team.
 At the community level, the health delivery system
includes various community group, such as
volunteers and development worker.
 As a health post manger you have to be a leader and
play leading role in working with these groups to
carry out different activities involved in maintaining
community health.
 To lead you need to create an environment that
encourages the team to do their best work so their
performance inspires other members of the
community.
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38.  To coordinate activities is to ensure that
everything that needs to be done and that no
two people trying to do the same job.
 Coordination will help to see whether the
things that you and your team are doing are
consistent with overall plan.
 For coordination meetings with team as a
coordination mechanism to discuss how jobs
and responsibilities are progressing.
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39.  Monitoring and control will be an important part
of the role as Health practitioner otherwise you
wont know how well you are doing as you try to
achieve your goals and objectives.
 Monitoring is regular observation and recording
of activities.
 Controlling is ensuring the work has been
accomplished according to plan.
 If monitoring and control activities indicate that
you aren’t being very effective then you have to
change the way that you are working or ask for
the extra help from your supervisor.
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