Brwa Qasim Marzani Management-Chapter 1 Lfu.erbil College admidnistration & Economic Department Business administration

3. Define management
Management is a universal phenomenon. It is a very popular and
widely used term. All organizations - business, political, cultural or
social are involved in management because it is the management
which helps and directs the various efforts towards a definite
purpose. According to Harold Koontz, “Management is an art of
getting things done through and with the people in formally
organized groups. It is an art of creating an environment in which
people can perform and individuals and can co-operate towards
attainment of group goals”. According to F.W. Taylor, “Management
is an art of knowing what to do, when to do and see that it is done
in the best and cheapest way”.
Brwa Qasim Marzani 3

4. Features:
Management is goal-oriented
Management integrates human, physical and financial
Management is continuous
1
2
3
Management is pervasive
Management is a group activity
4
5
Brwa Qasim Marzani 4

5. Function of management
organization
staffing
directing
controlling
planning
Brwa Qasim Marzani 5

6. Planning
Planning means looking ahead and chalking out future courses of
action to be followed. It is a preparatory step. It is a systematic
activity which determines when, how and who is going to perform
a specific job.
Steps in planning function:
1. Establishment of objectives.
2. Establishment of planning premises.
3. Choice of alternative course of action.
4. Securing co-operation.
5. Follow up/appraisal of plans.
Brwa Qasim Marzani 6

7. Organizing
Organizing: is the function of management which follows planning.
It is a function in which the synchronization and combination of
human, physical and financial resources takes place.
A manager performs organizing function with the help of
following steps:
1. Identification of activities.
2. Departmentally organizing the activities.
3. Classifying the authority .
4. Co-ordination between authority and responsibility.
Brwa Qasim Marzani 7

8. Staffing:
Staffing: The managerial function of staffing involves manning the
organization structure through proper and effective selection,
appraisal and development of the personnel’s to fill the roles assigned
to the employers/workforce.
Nature of Staffing Function:
1. Staffing is an important managerial function.
2. Staffing is a pervasive activity.
3. Staffing is a continuous activity.
4. The basis of staffing function is efficient management of personnel’s .
5. Staffing helps in placing right men at the right job.
6. Staffing is performed by all managers.
Brwa Qasim Marzani 8

9. Directing:
Directing: is said to be a process in which the managers instruct,
guide and oversee the performance of the workers to achieve
predetermined goals.
Direction has got following characteristics:
1. Pervasive Function.
2. Continuous Activity.
3. Human Factor.
4. Creative Activity.
5. Executive Function.
Brwa Qasim Marzani 9

10. Co-ordination:
Co-ordination: tries to achieve harmony between individual’s
efforts towards achievement of group goals and is a key to success
of management..
Purchase Production
Marketing Finance
Coordination
Brwa Qasim Marzani 10

11. Controlling:
Controlling: is measuring and correcting individual or
organizational performance to ensure that event confirm to plans.
Brwa Qasim Marzani 11

12. Importance of Management
It helps in Achieving Group Goals1
Optimum Utilization of Resources2
Reduces Costs3
Establishes Sound Organization4
Establishes Equilibrium5
Essentials for Prosperity of Society6
Brwa Qasim Marzani 12

13. Administration and Management
Basis Management Administration
Meaning
Management is an art of getting
things done through others by
directing their efforts towards
achievement of pre-determined goals.
It is concerned with formulation of broad
objectives, plans & policies.
Nature Management is an executing function.
Administration is a decision-making
function.
Process
Management decides who should as
it & how should he dot it.
Administration decides what is to be done
& when it is to be done.
Function
Management is a doing function
because managers get work done
under their supervision.
Administration is a thinking function
because plans & policies are determined
under it.
Skills Technical and Human skills Conceptual and Human skills
Level Middle & lower level function Top level function
On the Basis of Functions:
Brwa Qasim Marzani 13

14. Administration and Management
Basis Management Administration
Applicability
It is applicable to business concerns
i.e. profit-making organization.
It is applicable to non-business concerns i.e.
clubs, schools, hospitals etc.
Influence
The management decisions are
influenced by the values, opinions,
beliefs & decisions of the managers.
The administration is influenced by public
opinion, govt. policies, religious
organizations, customs etc.
Status
Management constitutes the
employees of the organization who
are paid remuneration (in the form
of salaries & wages).
Administration represents owners of the
enterprise who earn return on their capital
invested & profits in the form of dividend.
On the Basis of Usage:
Brwa Qasim Marzani 14

15. Level of Management
Lower Level
Middle level
Top Level
Management
Administration
The Figure above clearly shows the degree of administration and management performed
by the different levels of management
Brwa Qasim Marzani 15

16. Manager
Manager: A Manager is the person responsible for planning and
directing the work of a group of individuals, monitoring their work,
and taking corrective action when necessary. For many people, this
is their first step into a management career.
Skills required by a manager:
1. Technical
2. Human
3. Conceptual
Technical Human
conceptual
Brwa Qasim Marzani 16

17. Function of a Manager
Planning
Organizing
Staffing
Controlling
leading
Following are the main function of manager
Brwa Qasim Marzani 17
Manager