Lecture delivered during the NCIP Training on Ancestral Domain Data Gathering as designed by Ugnayang Pang-Aghamtao, Inc. (Anthropological Association of the Philippines). Waterfront, Davao City. 05 September 2018.

1. understanding the
research process
and utilizing secondary data
Jessie G. Varquez, Jr. (with notes from Suzanna Roldan and Nota Magno of ADMU)
Ugnayang Pang-Aghamtao (UGAT/ Anthropological Association of the Philippines)
NCIP Training on AD Data Gathering / 06 September 2018 / Waterfront, Davao City

2. recap
o anthropology vis-a-vis ethnography
o ethnography:
o as genre - ‘the craft of anthropologists’
o as method - research techniques
o ethnographic research techniques
o key informant interviews
o participant observation
o FGDs and other qualitative methods
o research themes and tools as AD proofs
o community mapping, genealogy, census, etc.

3. ethnography +++
o ‘the Self as the instrument of knowing the Other’
o ethnography as firsthand research
o establishing rapport
o familiarizing the unfamiliar, and vice versa
o ‘pure observation’ or ‘going native’
o informants as passive subjects or active collaborators?
o“Self-delineation shall be the guiding principle in the identification
and delineation of ADs/ALs. As such, the ICCs/IPs concerned shall
have a decisive role in all the activities pertinent thereto.”
[NCIP AO 4, s. 2012]
o ‘reflexivity’ and ‘positionality’

4. research design
o Develop strategies for turning a research
topic into a viable and focused research
question
o Explain the link between research
questions and research methods
o Examine the ways in which different
methods allow ethnographers to collect
different types of data and answer
different types of questions
o Consider the practical and ethical
considerations
o ORGANIZING and WRITING

5. sources of data
PRIMARY
o “proofs required” - written accounts, historical accounts, pictures,
survey plans and indicative maps, genealogy, ‘anthropological data’
SECONDARY
o government records: all levels, relevant agencies
o academic publications: existing ethnographies, monographs,
journal articles, theses and dissertations, etc.
o archive materials: maps, government maps [e.g., American
colonial period], church records, photos and memorabilia, etc.
o others: World Atlas, Human Relations Area Files

6. Google scholar

7. Project Gutenberg

11. eMindanao by University of Hawaii

12. Online Catalog of University Libraries
Here in Mindanao, examples include UP Mindanao, Ateneo de Davao University,
Mindanawon Library, Xavier University, Ateneo de Zamboanga University, etc.

13. review of literature
Why is review of literature important?
Which comes first, data gathering or review of literature?
PLAGIARISM
o plagiarism can be simply defined as not giving credit where credit
is due; an intellectual dishonesty
o in the academe, plagiarism is a ‘heinous crime’; in our public life,
some politicians and other public figures commit plagiarism
o some forms of plagiarism include copying ‘words and ideas’ such
as verbatim lifting of text, failing to put quotation marks in quotes,
changing words and lack of paraphrasing without due credit

14. using Wikipedia
Why is Wikipedia a ‘problematic’ reference?
How should we use the content of Wikipedia?

17. What is the problem with this particular CADT text?

18. how to cite references
CITATION STYLES
o academics use citation styles as conventionally agreed by their
own discipline
o many anthropologists use the The Chicago Manual of Style
https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html

19. quoting and paraphrasing
QUOTING
o involves copying short sentences or passages from the original text word-
for-word places copied wording within “quotation marks”
o includes an in-text citation that states the author’s last name, the
publication year, and the page or paragraph number
PARAPHRASING
o involves putting a section of a text into your own words
o changes the words and phrasing of the original text, but keeps the
original meaning of the text
o includes an in-text citation that states the author’s last name and the
publication year
Source: http://writingcenter.ashford.edu/quoting-paraphrasing-summarizing

20. Which part of
this text is:
1. a quotation
2. a paraphrase

21. exercise: quoting, paraphrasing, and citation
Instructions: Your group is researching on Bagobo CADT claim. You need
to cite the study below, found on page 15. On the brown paper
provided, do the following:
1. Quote any line from the selected text
2. Paraphrase any ideas from the selected text

22. daghang salamat!
TANONG? PAGLILINAW?