"Explore the indispensable role of minerals in optimizing L. vannamei shrimp culture! This SlideShare presentation delves into the significance of minerals for maintaining water quality, supporting molting, and bolstering the health and growth of these prized shrimp. Discover key insights into mineral nutrition's impact on enhancing productivity and sustainability in aquaculture. Dive into the world of L. vannamei culture and learn how strategic mineral management contributes to successful shrimp farming. Access the presentation for a comprehensive understanding of mineral dynamics in shrimp cultivation."

1. ROLE OF MINERALS IN L.
Vannamei CULTURE
SEMINAR PRESENTED BY SANTANU SAHOO
DEPARTMENT OF MARINE BIOLOGY
ROLL NO- 24
VIKRAMA SIMHAPURI UNIVERSITY, NELLORE

2. INTRODUCTION
Minerals are inorganic components required for shrimp. They are present in fresh
feed, artificial feed or as a feed supplements. Based on requirement into two
types :
Balanced of minerals in water is always be concern as calcium and magnesium
Ca:Mg ratio must maintain in water as 1:2 or 3:5. whereas, sodium, potassium,
ratio must be 30:1. as these 4 macro minerals play key role in survival and growth
in shrimp. In addition to these macro minerals supplements of trace minerals to
water provides good condition of shrimp.
MACRO MINERALS
•Calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chloride, nitrogen and sulphur
MICRO MINERALS
•Iron, iodine, manganese, copper, cobalt, zinc and selenium.

3. COMMONLY AVAILABLE MINERALS USED IN
SHRIMP CULTURE
MINERALS EQUATION
Agriculture lime CaCO3
Brunt lime CaO
Hydrated lime Ca(OH)2
Calcium sulphate CaSo4,2H2O
Calcium chloride CaCl2,6H2O
Magnesium oxide MgO
Magnesium carbonate MgCO3
Magnesium sulphate- Epsom salt MgSo4, 7H2O
Magnesium chloride MgCL2, 6H2O
Potassium sulphate K2SO4
Potassium chloride KCL
Potassium nitrate KNO3

4. • Mineral play an important role in
shrimp physiology, i.e., Moulting,
osmoregulation, nervous and
muscular system.
• Blood pH regulation.
Shrimp can absorb minerals through
intestine from feed and through gills a
muscle from water.
MINERAL INTAKE OF SHRIMP
ROLE OF MINERALS IN
SHRIMP

5. CALCIUM
IMPORTANCE
• Essential and major component of
shrimp shell
• Required in blood clotting
• Key enzyme activator
• Stimulates muscle concentration
• Regulate nerve transmission
• Required in vitamin b12 uptake
DEFICIENCY
• Soft shell, thin (ca is the major
proportion of shrimp shell)
• High mortality after moulting
• Slow growth and long moulting
period
• Reduced feeding efficiency
• Weak, inactive and white
muscle problem

6. WHITE MUSCLE IN SHRIMP DUE
TO CALCIUM AND MAGNESIUM
DEFICIENCY
PREVENTION AND SOLUTION:
1. Providing do>4.0 ppm
2. Mineral ratio ca: mg= 1:2-3 depends on salinity
3. Magnesium minimum = 350 ppm

7. MAGNESIUM
DEFICIENCY:
Mortality found before moulting with hard
shell
Inactive and easy to catch
Found in many shrimp in feed tray and not
escape when lift the tray
Muscle flaccidity
Reduced growth
Anorexia
Importance:
 Essential component of shrimp
shell
 Key enzyme activator
 Stimulates muscle concentration
 Importance in regulation of pH
balance
 Importance role in dietary energy
metabolism
 Used in maturation

8. PHOUSPHROUS
• Essential component of shrimp shell
• Key enzyme activator
• Stimulates muscle contraction and
nerve impulses
• Important in regulation of ph balance
• Important role in dietary energy
metabolism
• Used in maturation
• Slow growth and poor FCR as
required for protein and chitin
synthesis
• Shrimp sluggish behavior
• Shell formation problems
• Tissue mineralization problems

9. POTTASIUM
Importance:
• Needed for osmoregulation system of
shrimp blood and is major cation of
intracellular fluid
• Exerts control of nervous system
(sodium-potassium pump)
• Stimulates muscle contraction
• Required for glycogen and protein
synthesis and breakdown of glucose
• Gets easily absorbed by pond soils so
often requires supplementation in
freshwaters with K concentrations.
Deficiency
• Muscles become turbid (milky) and
weak
• Easy to get body cramps when
excited
• Continuous low-level mortality
• Weak, easy to get infected by bacteria
Body cramp syndrome due to potassium
deficiency in water

10. SODIUM (Na)
Importance:
• Major monovalent ion in extracellular
fluids.
• Key role in regulation of
osmoregulation and water balance
• Major role in pH balance of blood
• Important muscle stimulant
• Specific role in absorption of
carbohydrate
Deficiency:
• Muscles become turbid (milky) and
weak
• Easy to get body cramps when
excited
• Continuous mortality
• Weak animals

11. COPPER
Be composition of hemocyanin
(pigment in blood), support
calcification in molting, muscle for-
action and shell formation and
supports in immunity and enzyme
activity.
Selenium(Se)
Be composition of glutathione
peroxidase
Work in composition of Vitamin E as
antioxidant agent
Present abnormal shell when deficient
IRON
• Important to lipid oxidation mechanism
• Be composition of cytochrome, catalases,
peroxidases and dehydrogenases
• Negative effect on growth if have too much
Zinc( Zn)
Be composition of Metalloenzymes
Carboxypeptidase
Cofactors and/or activators of enzyme such as
alkaline phosphatase
Co-enzyme for protein
Absorb Calcium and Magnesium
Support muscle formation mechanisms

12. MANGANESE(Mn)
• Has only 0.01 mg/l in seawater
• Activate enzymes activities
(phosphate transferase,
dehydrogenase and hexokinase)
• Slowly on growth
• Abnormal shell
• Low survival rate

13. THANK YOU