Understanding irrigation behavior at scale – Improving Performance Assessment in the Irrigation Sector – 2023 Water for Food Global Conference.pptx

•

0 likes•6 views

Daugherty Water for Food Global Institute

This document discusses several studies related to understanding crop irrigation behavior. The first study compared observed and modeled crop irrigation requirements in Western Nebraska from 2000-2012 using water meter data from over 9,200 corn fields irrigated by center pivots. The second study found that even with no error in basin-level water balance estimates, measurement error in water use can lead to biased estimates of crop yield, profit, and the impact of policy changes due to the nonlinear nature of crop water production functions. A third study examines farmer-led irrigation practices regarding who irrigates crops, what crops are irrigated, when and where irrigation occurs, and why certain irrigation practices are used.

Science

Understanding
irrigation behavior
at scale is critical
Who, What, When,
Where, Why?

Comparing observed and
modeled crop irrigation
requirements
Foster et al. 2019
• Western Nebraska, 2000-
2012
• ~9,200 field-year data points
• Observed data is staff-
collected water meter data
from corn irrigated with
center pivots

Welfare losses from
measurement error
Foster et al. 2020
• Crop water production
functions are nonlinear
• Mean zero error in water
use implies biased yield
estimates
• This means that even with
no error in basin-level water
balance, there will be error
in estimates of yield, profit,
and policy impact

Farmer-led
irrigation
Who, What, When,
Where, Why?

Recently uploaded

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 2)

Areesha Ahmad

Call Girls In Safdarung Enclave Arjun Nagar Whatsapp +91 9654467111 Delhi ⛟ Open 24 Hrs, ☎ Booking Short 2000 Night 6000 ALL HOME/HOTEL SERVICE DOORSTEP SERVICE IN/CALL & OUT/CALL SERVICE WITH MANY OPTIONS AVAILABLE DELHI GURGAON & NOIDA SERVICE IN REASONABLE RATES FROM LOW TO HIGH PROFILE STAFF’S. Call Girl Number~24X7~Call Girl Services, New Delhi, Delhi OutCall Rate Call Girl Mahipalpur,Call Girl Connaught Place,Call Girl Nehru Place,Call Girl Chanakyapuri,Call Girl Paharganj,Call Girl Dhaula Kuan,Call Girl Moti Bagh,Call Girl Karol Bagh,Call Girl Greater Kailash,Call Girl Naraina, Call Girl Katwaria Sarai,Call Girl Janakpuri,Call Girl Kalkaji,Call Girl Lajpat Nagar,Call Girl Palam,Call Girl Malviya Nagar,Call Girl Mehrauli,Call Girl Govindpuri,Call Girl Sarojini Nagar ,Call Girl Neb Sarai,Call Girl South Ex,Call Girl Munirka,Call Girl Saket,Call Girl Chattarpur

9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000

Sapana Sha

Wepresent Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array 12-m, 7-m, and Total Power Array observations of the FUOrionis outbursting system, covering spatial scales ranging from 160 to 25,000 au. The high-resolution interferometric data reveal an elongated 12CO(2–1) feature previously observed at lower resolution in 12CO(3–2). Kinematic modeling indicates that this feature can be interpreted as an accretion streamer feeding the binary system. The mass infall rate provided by the streamer is significantly lower than the typical stellar accretion rates (even in quiescent states), suggesting that this streamer alone is not massive enough to sustain the enhanced accretion rates characteristic of the outbursting class prototype. The observed streamer may not be directly linked to the current outburst, but rather a remnant of a previous, more massive streamer that may have contributed enough to the disk mass to render it unstable and trigger the FU Orionis outburst. The new data detect, for the first time, a vast, slow-moving carbon monoxide molecular outflow emerging from this object. To accurately assess the outflow properties (mass, momentum, and kinetic energy), we employ 13CO(2–1) data to correct for optical depth effects. The analysis indicates that the outflow corresponds to swept-up material not associated with the current outburst, similar to the slow molecular outflows observed around other FUor and Class I protostellar objects.

Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...

Sérgio Sacani

fundamental of entomology all in one topics of entomology

DrAnita Sharma

Chemistry is the scientific study of matter, its properties, composition, structure, and the changes it undergoes. It's often divided into various sub-disciplines such as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Chemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the world around us and has applications in various fields such as medicine, materials science, environmental science, and industry.

Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Sumit Kumar yadav

Zoology 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Sumit Kumar yadav

Context. WASP-76 b has been a recurrent subject of study since the detection of a signature in high-resolution transit spectroscopy data indicating an asymmetry between the two limbs of the planet. The existence of this asymmetric signature has been confirmed by multiple studies, but its physical origin is still under debate. In addition, it contrasts with the absence of asymmetry reported in the infrared (IR) phase curve. Aims. We provide a more comprehensive dataset of WASP-76 b with the goal of drawing a complete view of the physical processes at work in this atmosphere. In particular, we attempt to reconcile visible high-resolution transit spectroscopy data and IR broadband phase curves. Methods. We gathered 3 phase curves, 20 occultations, and 6 transits for WASP-76 b in the visible with the CHEOPS space telescope. We also report the analysis of three unpublished sectors observed by the TESS space telescope (also in the visible), which represents 34 phase curves. Results. WASP-76 b displays an occultation of 260±11 and 152±10 ppm in TESS and CHEOPS bandpasses respectively. Depending on the composition assumed for the atmosphere and the data reduction used for the IR data, we derived geometric albedo estimates that range from 0.05 ± 0.023 to 0.146 ± 0.013 and from <0.13 to 0.189 ± 0.017 in the CHEOPS and TESS bandpasses, respectively. As expected from the IR phase curves, a low-order model of the phase curves does not yield any detectable asymmetry in the visible either. However, an empirical model allowing for sharper phase curve variations offers a hint of a flux excess before the occultation, with an amplitude of ∼40 ppm, an orbital offset of ∼−30◦ , and a width of ∼20◦ . We also constrained the orbital eccentricity of WASP-76 b to a value lower than 0.0067, with a 99.7% confidence level. This result contradicts earlier proposed scenarios aimed at explaining the asymmetry observed in high-resolution transit spectroscopy. Conclusions. In light of these findings, we hypothesise that WASP-76 b could have night-side clouds that extend predominantly towards its eastern limb. At this limb, the clouds would be associated with spherical droplets or spherically shaped aerosols of an unknown species, which would be responsible for a glory effect in the visible phase curves.

Asymmetry in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b

Sérgio Sacani

Physiochemical properties of nanomaterials and its nanotoxicity.pptx

AArockiyaNisha

Context. Determining the size distribution of asteroids is key to understanding the collisional history and evolution of the inner Solar System. Aims. We aim to improve our knowledge of the size distribution of small asteroids in the main belt by determining the parallaxes of newly detected asteroids in the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) archive and subsequently their absolute magnitudes and sizes. Methods. Asteroids appear as curved trails in HST images because of the parallax induced by the fast orbital motion of the spacecraft. Taking into account the trajectory of this latter, the parallax effect can be computed to obtain the distance to the asteroids by fitting simulated trajectories to the observed trails. Using distance, we can obtain the absolute magnitude of an object and an estimation of its size assuming an albedo value, along with some boundaries for its orbital parameters. Results. In this work, we analyse a set of 632 serendipitously imaged asteroids found in the ESA HST archive. Images were captured with the ACS/WFC and WFC3/UVIS instruments. A machine learning algorithm (trained with the results of a citizen science project) was used to detect objects in these images as part of a previous study. Our raw data consist of 1031 asteroid trails from unknown objects, not matching any entries in the Minor Planet Center (MPC) database using their coordinates and imaging time. We also found 670 trails from known objects (objects featuring matching entries in the MPC). After an accuracy assessment and filtering process, our analysed HST asteroid set consists of 454 unknown objects and 178 known objects. We obtain a sample dominated by potential main belt objects featuring absolute magnitudes (H) mostly between 15 and 22 mag. The absolute magnitude cumulative distribution logN(H > H0) ∝ αlog(H0) confirms the previously reported slope change for 15 < H < 18, from α ≈ 0.56 to α ≈ 0.26, maintained in our case down to absolute magnitudes of around H ≈ 20, and therefore expanding the previous result by approximately two magnitudes. Conclusions. HST archival observations can be used as an asteroid survey because the telescope pointings are statistically randomly oriented in the sky and cover long periods of time. They allow us to expand the current best samples of astronomical objects at no extra cost in regard to telescope time.

Hubble Asteroid Hunter III. Physical properties of newly found asteroids

Sérgio Sacani

A botany file is similar to a chemistry practical file but specifically focuses on experiments and observations related to plants. It typically includes detailed descriptions of plant-related experiments, such as germination studies, growth experiments, tissue culture techniques, plant anatomy investigations, and ecological surveys. The file may contain records of plant specimens collected, their classification, characteristics, and ecological significance. Additionally, it may include diagrams, photographs, drawings, tables, and data analysis related to plant research. Like a chemistry practical file, a botany file serves as a documentation of practical work conducted in the field of botany and is often used for assessment and educational purposes.

Botany 4th semester file By Sumit Kumar yadav.pdf

Sumit Kumar yadav

Recombination DNA Technology (Nucleic Acid Hybridization )

aarthirajkumar25

Mustard, as a crop, is susceptible to a variety of pests that can affect its growth and yield. Here’s a rundown of some common pests that target mustard plants: Aphids: These small, sap-sucking insects can cause significant damage by feeding on the leaves and stems. Aphids also excrete a sticky substance known as honeydew, which can lead to the growth of sooty mold on the plants. Flea Beetles: These tiny beetles jump like fleas when disturbed and chew small holes in the leaves. They are particularly damaging in the early growth stages of the plant. Cabbage Loopers: The larvae of a type of moth, these caterpillars are known for their distinctive looping movement. They chew large holes in the leaves and can defoliate plants if present in large numbers. Diamondback Moth Larvae: Another caterpillar pest, these larvae chew small holes in the leaves and can cause extensive damage, especially when infestations are heavy. Whiteflies: These are tiny, winged insects that feed on plant sap and can quickly become a problem in greenhouse or close planting conditions. Like aphids, they also secrete honeydew. Cutworms: These are the larvae of certain types of moths and are known for cutting young plants at the stem base at ground level. They are most destructive during the night. Root Maggots: The larvae of root maggot flies, these pests attack the roots of mustard plants, causing wilting and potentially killing young plants. Harlequin Bugs: These are colorful stink bugs that suck the sap from mustard plant stems and leaves, causing the leaves to become stippled, wilt, and eventually die if the infestation is severe. Mustard Sawfly: The larvae of the mustard sawfly can cause considerable defoliation, as they feed voraciously on the leaves. Clubroot: Caused by a fungus-like organism, clubroot affects the roots, causing them to swell and distort. While technically a disease, it is often associated with pest management because controlling it involves similar preventative strategies. Control Measures: Managing pests in mustard involves a combination of cultural, biological, and chemical methods. Crop rotation, resistant varieties, timely sowing, maintaining plant health, and using natural predators like ladybugs and parasitic wasps can help keep pest populations under control. Chemical pesticides should be used as a last resort due to their potential impact on the environment and non-target species.

Pests of mustard_Identification_Management_Dr.UPR.pdf

PirithiRaju

Small size (20-300 nm) / bacteria (size measured in μm) Viral genome – single type of nucleic acid: DNA – dezoxyriboviruses RNA - riboviruses Totally dependant on living cells for all metabolic processes May infect humans, animals, plants, bacteria, fungi,parasites, insects Virion = viral corpuscle = elementary, infectious unit. Only visible by electron microscopy. Laboratory diagnosis of viral infections Methods: • Cytology • Electron microscopy • Cultivation • Detection of viral proteins • Serology • Molecular diagnosis (detection of genetic material i.e. nucleic acids) PPT prepared by Dr. Prince C P

VIRUSES structure and classification ppt by Dr.Prince C P

PRINCE C P

The primary distinction between a test cross and a backcross is that a test cross is used to determine the genotype of a phenotypically dominant individual, whereas a backcross is used to recover a dominant genotype from a parent who has an extreme genotype. The hybrids that are backcrossed are known as 'BC' hybrids. For example, a BC1 hybrid is an F1 hybrid that was crossed with one of its parents or a genetically similar species. The BC2 hybrid is defined as a BC1 hybrid that has been crossed with the same parent or genetically similar species. Other instances include backcrossing in animals. A system of breeding in which repeated backcrosses are made to transfer a specific character to a well-adapted variety for which the variety is deficient is referred to as backcross breeding This approach is infrequently utilized in vegetatively propagated crops such as sugarcane and potatoes, and only with slight alterations. A test cross is a genetic technique for determining an unknown genotype in a dominant person. It is a breeding procedure in which a (known genotype) homozygous recessive individual is paired with an individual of the opposite mating type who has an unknown dominant genotype. The phenotypic characteristics of the resulting children are investigated, and the genotype of the examined individual is determined appropriately. If all of the progeny from the test cross are dominant, we may conclude that the genotype of the tested unknown person is homozygous dominant. If 50% of kids exhibit dominant traits and the remaining 50% exhibit recessive traits, we may conclude that the genotype of the tested unknown individual is heterozygous dominant. #genetics #backcross #testcross #mendel #crosses #monohybridtestcross #backcrossandtestcross #typesofcross #dihybridtestcross #limitationsofcross #applicationsofcross #mscbotany #botany

DIFFERENCE IN BACK CROSS AND TEST CROSS

LeenakshiTyagi

Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics

sakshisoni2385

On 26 January 2023, a military pilot reported four potential unidentified anomalous phenomena (UAP) while operating in the Eglin Air Force Base training range off the coast of Florida. Through the onboard radar system, the pilot initially observed that the four objects were aloft between 16,000 – 18,000 feet and appeared to be flying in formation. However the pilot observed only one of the four objects visually and captured two images of the single object via the aircraft’s electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) sensor (see Figures 1A and 1B). The pilot could not record video of the event because the aircraft’s video recording equipment was inoperable prior to and during the aircraft’s flight. The pilot observed this single object aloft at 16,000 feet. The following case information is based on the pilot’s initial report and a subsequent discussion that AARO held with the pilot to seek additional details about the pilot’s observation of the reported object.

All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office U.S. Department of Defense (U) Case: “Eg...

Sérgio Sacani

CELL -Structural and Functional unit of life.pdf

Nistarini College, Purulia (W.B) India

The presentation first gives the brief introduction about the animal communication covering the reasons for communication. It then describes the important types of animal communication emphasizing the important points regarding auditory and visual communication. With respect to auditory communication, it covers the uses of it and mechanisms of auditory communication along with examples. Later the presentation discusses the various forms of visual communication such as gestures, postures, facial expressions, color changes , bioluminescent communication. It then describes the visual communication in bees in the form of bee dance . In bee dance it gives a brief overview of round dance , sickle dance and waggle dance .

Animal Communication- Auditory and Visual.pptx

UmerFayaz5

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)

Areesha Ahmad

Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptx

RajatChauhan518211

Recently uploaded (20)

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 2)

9654467111 Call Girls In Raj Nagar Delhi Short 1500 Night 6000

Discovery of an Accretion Streamer and a Slow Wide-angle Outflow around FUOri...

fundamental of entomology all in one topics of entomology

Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Zoology 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Asymmetry in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b

Physiochemical properties of nanomaterials and its nanotoxicity.pptx

Hubble Asteroid Hunter III. Physical properties of newly found asteroids

Botany 4th semester file By Sumit Kumar yadav.pdf

Recombination DNA Technology (Nucleic Acid Hybridization )

Pests of mustard_Identification_Management_Dr.UPR.pdf

VIRUSES structure and classification ppt by Dr.Prince C P

DIFFERENCE IN BACK CROSS AND TEST CROSS

Pulmonary drug delivery system M.pharm -2nd sem P'ceutics

All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office U.S. Department of Defense (U) Case: “Eg...

CELL -Structural and Functional unit of life.pdf

Animal Communication- Auditory and Visual.pptx

GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 1)

Green chemistry and Sustainable development.pptx