This document provides an overview and outline of an orientation session on HIV/AIDS in the UN workplace. The session will help UN staff understand the basic facts about HIV/AIDS, protect themselves and their families from infection, contribute to a tolerant workplace, and understand UN policies. The morning session will cover the basic facts, global/local epidemics, and condom education. The afternoon will discuss stigma/discrimination, UN policies, PEP kits, and voluntary testing. It will also cover related topics like sex, support, drugs/alcohol, gender, and death.
Modyul 2 sub modyul 2.4 paksa 2 sesyon 2 hiv aids 101 basicsDhon Reyes
This document provides information about HIV and AIDS. It defines HIV as the virus that causes AIDS, which is the terminal stage of HIV infection characterized by a weakened immune system. The document outlines the modes of HIV transmission as sexual contact, exposure to infected blood or blood products, and from infected mother to child. It also discusses how HIV affects the immune system, testing and monitoring of HIV infection, treatment using antiretroviral drugs, and prevention through abstinence, being faithful, condom use, not injecting drugs, education, and not stigmatizing those with HIV.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS including:
- How HIV is transmitted through body fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids and breast milk.
- Common routes of HIV transmission include unprotected sex, sharing needles, occupational exposure, and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding.
- It discusses testing and screening for HIV, the window period of initial infection, and importance of early testing and diagnosis.
- Risk reduction strategies like condom use and avoiding risky behaviors are covered.
- Laws around HIV testing in North Dakota are also summarized.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including what it is, how it is transmitted, who is most vulnerable, stages of infection, testing and treatment options, and prevention methods. HIV attacks CD4 cells in the immune system and develops into AIDS when CD4 cells are severely reduced, leaving the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections. HIV is most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa and can infect anyone regardless of age, race, or sexual orientation. Abstinence, monogamy, condom use, sterile needle use, and not sharing personal items are effective prevention methods.
This Is Investigatory Project On Aids For Class 12. With Full Description and Good images. If you like this follow me on instagram @vishal2782003. Thankyou
The document provides information about HIV/AIDS in Pakistan, including:
1) It discusses the objectives and infrastructure of the Enhanced Sindh AIDS Control Program, including voluntary counseling and testing centers, STI clinics, and PPTCT centers.
2) It provides a brief history of HIV, noting it originated from chimpanzees and was first identified in the US in 1981. HIV attacks and destroys CD4 cells, eventually causing AIDS.
3) It discusses HIV transmission, noting the major routes are sexual contact, exposure to infected blood or blood products, and from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding.
This document discusses HIV/AIDS epidemiology in the Philippines. It notes that the number of new HIV cases per day in the Philippines has risen sharply in recent years. While overall HIV prevalence remains below 1%, prevalence among high-risk groups has also increased. Several factors put the Philippines at risk of a broader epidemic, including increasing mobility, sex work, unsafe sex, and injecting drug use. The document also outlines how HIV attacks and weakens the immune system.
Modyul 2 sub modyul 2.4 paksa 2 sesyon 2 hiv aids 101 basicsDhon Reyes
This document provides information about HIV and AIDS. It defines HIV as the virus that causes AIDS, which is the terminal stage of HIV infection characterized by a weakened immune system. The document outlines the modes of HIV transmission as sexual contact, exposure to infected blood or blood products, and from infected mother to child. It also discusses how HIV affects the immune system, testing and monitoring of HIV infection, treatment using antiretroviral drugs, and prevention through abstinence, being faithful, condom use, not injecting drugs, education, and not stigmatizing those with HIV.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS including:
- How HIV is transmitted through body fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids and breast milk.
- Common routes of HIV transmission include unprotected sex, sharing needles, occupational exposure, and from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding.
- It discusses testing and screening for HIV, the window period of initial infection, and importance of early testing and diagnosis.
- Risk reduction strategies like condom use and avoiding risky behaviors are covered.
- Laws around HIV testing in North Dakota are also summarized.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including what it is, how it is transmitted, who is most vulnerable, stages of infection, testing and treatment options, and prevention methods. HIV attacks CD4 cells in the immune system and develops into AIDS when CD4 cells are severely reduced, leaving the body vulnerable to opportunistic infections. HIV is most prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa and can infect anyone regardless of age, race, or sexual orientation. Abstinence, monogamy, condom use, sterile needle use, and not sharing personal items are effective prevention methods.
This Is Investigatory Project On Aids For Class 12. With Full Description and Good images. If you like this follow me on instagram @vishal2782003. Thankyou
The document provides information about HIV/AIDS in Pakistan, including:
1) It discusses the objectives and infrastructure of the Enhanced Sindh AIDS Control Program, including voluntary counseling and testing centers, STI clinics, and PPTCT centers.
2) It provides a brief history of HIV, noting it originated from chimpanzees and was first identified in the US in 1981. HIV attacks and destroys CD4 cells, eventually causing AIDS.
3) It discusses HIV transmission, noting the major routes are sexual contact, exposure to infected blood or blood products, and from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding.
This document discusses HIV/AIDS epidemiology in the Philippines. It notes that the number of new HIV cases per day in the Philippines has risen sharply in recent years. While overall HIV prevalence remains below 1%, prevalence among high-risk groups has also increased. Several factors put the Philippines at risk of a broader epidemic, including increasing mobility, sex work, unsafe sex, and injecting drug use. The document also outlines how HIV attacks and weakens the immune system.
A new options for hiv prevention slides.2013Hivlife Info
This document discusses new options for HIV prevention through the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Observational studies and the HPTN 052 clinical trial showed that ART can significantly decrease the risk of transmitting HIV, with a 96% reduction in risk seen in the HPTN 052 trial. However, real-world adherence to lifelong ART may be challenging and is not as high as was achieved in HPTN 052 through intensive support strategies. U.S. guidelines now recommend ART for all HIV-infected individuals, but limitations remain regarding how well ART prevents transmission through different risk behaviors or in situations where adherence is imperfect.
AIDS is a disease caused by the HIV virus which weakens the immune system and leaves the body vulnerable to fatal infections. It is transmitted through unprotected sex, contact with infected blood, and from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. While there is no cure for AIDS, antiretroviral treatment can suppress the virus and help manage the disease. Prevention focuses on abstinence, monogamy, condom use, and access to treatment without discrimination. The HIV epidemic affects millions globally and transmission rates vary between age groups and regions.
This document summarizes the history and transmission of HIV/AIDS from its origins in Africa in the 1980s to recent developments in treatment and prevention. It traces major events like the identification of HIV as the cause of AIDS in 1983, the development of antiretroviral drugs in the late 1980s, the establishment of World AIDS Day in 1988, growing rates of infection worldwide in the 1990s and 2000s, and recent successes in expanding access to treatment and reducing new infections through prevention strategies. The document also provides statistics on HIV/AIDS cases in Saudi Arabia and highlights current WHO treatment guidelines.
AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many people infected with HIV do not show symptoms for years, allowing them to infect others unknowingly. HIV weakens the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to infections and diseases. The virus can be transmitted sexually, through blood exposure, or from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. While scientists have been unable to develop a vaccine, prevention focuses on avoiding risky behaviors like unprotected sex with multiple partners and sharing needles.
The document discusses the causes and effects of HIV. The main causes of HIV transmission are through unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles or syringes, and from mother to fetus during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Some effects of HIV include skin conditions like chicken pox or shingles that can affect organs and be life-threatening, as well as AIDS-related dementia which decreases cognitive ability and processing due to neurological impacts even though HIV does not directly infect nerve cells.
There is no vaccine or cure for HIV, but treatment can allow those infected to live long and healthy lives. HIV is transmitted through certain bodily fluids, primarily blood, semen, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids and breast milk. Common ways of transmission include unprotected sex and sharing drug equipment. While oral sex poses a lower risk, safer sex practices like condoms are recommended. Anyone can acquire HIV regardless of age, sex, race or sexual orientation. Regular testing is important since there may be no symptoms initially despite one's ability to transmit the virus. With medical care, including treatment during pregnancy, the risk of transmitting HIV from mother to child can be reduced to less than 2%.
HIV leads to AIDS, which was first identified in 1981. It can be transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding, or through contact with infected blood. In the Philippines, most new HIV cases in 2014 were sexually transmitted among men who have sex with men. The number of new HIV cases increased significantly from the previous year. Laws are being proposed to better address HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and testing in the Philippines.
Hiv aids general consideration bangladesh and international prospective newHome
This document provides an overview of HIV/AIDS, including:
1) The first reported cases of HIV in 1981 involved 5 cases of pneumonia in young homosexual men.
2) HIV was later identified in 1983 from samples from patients. It was initially named LAV and HTLV-III before being designated HIV.
3) HIV is transmitted primarily via sexual contact, blood/blood products, and mother-to-child transmission. The risk of transmission varies based on exposure type.
4) HIV progresses from acute infection to a chronic carrier state to AIDS, as it destroys CD4 cells and weakens the immune system. This allows for opportunistic infections.
5) Bangladesh has seen rising HIV cases, though
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including:
- HIV causes AIDS by breaking down the immune system. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV disease.
- Scientists believe HIV originated from chimpanzees in Western Africa and jumped to humans through contact with infected animals.
- The earliest known case of HIV in humans was in 1959 in the Congo. The epidemic then spread among high-risk groups and an estimated 5% of gay men in New York and San Francisco had HIV by 1978.
- AIDS was first observed clinically in 1981 in the US in drug users and gay men with rare infections. Soon the CDC formed a task force to monitor the outbreak.
The natural history of HIV/AIDS refers to the progression of the disease from initial exposure to recovery or death. HIV evolved from simian immunodeficiency viruses that crossed species from chimpanzees and sooty mangabeys into humans. HIV was first discovered in 1981 when cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma in gay men were reported. HIV infects and destroys CD4+ T cells, gradually weakening the immune system. If untreated, HIV develops into AIDS, defined by a CD4 count below 200 or the presence of an AIDS-defining illness. The clinical course varies but typically involves acute infection, asymptomatic latency, and late stage AIDS without treatment over 7-10 years.
HIV/AIDS refers to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV attacks the immune system, leaving individuals susceptible to infections over time. The document discusses the definition of HIV/AIDS, how HIV is transmitted, signs and symptoms of infection, worldwide impact of AIDS, and strategies for prevention through risk avoidance and reduction.
AIDS is a disease caused by the HIV virus that weakens the immune system. There are currently around 33 million people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. The virus originated in chimpanzees in central Africa and was first reported in the United States in 1981. HIV attacks CD4 cells and a person is diagnosed with AIDS when their CD4 count drops below 200 or they contract an opportunistic infection. HIV is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, needle sharing, and from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Prevention focuses on abstinence, monogamy, condom use, safe needle practices, and preventing mother to child transmission. While treatment with antiretroviral drugs can suppress the virus,
The Philippines has seen a 25% increase in HIV prevalence and is one of nine countries with rising rates. HIV weakens the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to infections like pneumonia and tuberculosis. AIDS develops when the immune system is too weak to fight off diseases. HIV is transmitted via unprotected sex, blood transfusions, and from mother to child. Bodily fluids like blood, breastmilk, semen, and vaginal fluids can transmit HIV if they enter the bloodstream of another person. Abstinence, mutual monogamy, correct condom use, avoiding drugs and alcohol, education, and testing can prevent transmission. Stigma against those with HIV is unnecessary since casual contact does not spread it.
- HIV/AIDS is a serious, deadly disease that has infected over 70 million people globally since being identified in the 1980s. Currently, there are over 34 million people living with HIV worldwide.
- HIV weakens the immune system by destroying important immune cells called CD4 cells. If untreated, HIV can develop into AIDS, leaving the body vulnerable to infections and diseases. While antiretroviral drugs can suppress HIV and prolong life, there is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS.
- HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Common routes of transmission include unprotected sex and sharing needles. Casual contact like hugging, kissing, or mosquito bites
The document discusses HIV and AIDS. It explains that HIV originated from chimpanzees in West Africa and was transmitted to humans through contact with their blood. HIV attacks and destroys CD4 cells, weakening the immune system and leading to AIDS. AIDS is diagnosed when someone with HIV gets an opportunistic infection due to a severely weakened immune system with a CD4 count below 200. Common symptoms of HIV include fatigue, fever, and swollen lymph nodes.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS transmission, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. It explains that HIV can be transmitted sexually, through blood or needle sharing, or from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. Diagnosis requires an antibody or combination test. Treatment involves antiretroviral therapy using different types of medicines to suppress the virus. The pandemic continues to have serious social and health impacts worldwide.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including what it is, how it is transmitted, symptoms, and prevention. It defines HIV as the virus that causes AIDS by weakening the immune system. AIDS is the late stage of HIV infection when the immune system is severely damaged. HIV can be transmitted via blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk, and other bodily fluids through sexual contact, needle sharing, or from mother to child during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding. Prevention methods include safe sex practices and not sharing needles.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS from a presentation given by Dr. Jagannath Dinda. It defines HIV and AIDS, how HIV infects cells and has no cure. Symptoms and transmission routes are described, including that it cannot be spread through casual contact. Statistics on testing in West Bengal and Bankura district are given. Treatment options including antiretroviral drugs and managing opportunistic infections are summarized. Abstinence, monogamy, protected sex, and sterile needles are outlined as prevention methods. The talk concludes with messages about fighting AIDS through education and testing.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS through 8 case studies and provides information on pathophysiology and treatment. It describes the 6 stages of HIV infection: 1) Seroconversion illness, 2) Asymptomatic infection, 3) Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, 4) Symptomatic infection/AIDS-related complex, 5) AIDS, and 6) Nonprogressors. It also outlines classes of antiretroviral medications used to treat HIV, including reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, entry inhibitors, and integrase inhibitors. Diagnosis of HIV is through antibody or antigen testing of blood or saliva.
The future belongs to young people ...
and it is us who will be affected most by the decisions we take today on Aids/HIV epidemic, climate change, food, energy, environmental degradation, economic stability and the continuing challenge of world poverty.
Such decisions will influence the shape and quality of our future lives and could even dictate how long we will live. So it is very important that us, as individuals and as a group, take a keen interest in these issues now – and make absolutely sure our views are heard.
_____________________________
I heard about this contest from an email from Slideshare.
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Scientists believe HIV originated from chimpanzees in West Africa and was transmitted to humans through contact with their infected blood. The three most common ways HIV is spread are through unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Less common ways of transmission include occupational needle sticks or transplants involving infected blood. Three main ways to prevent spread are getting tested and treated if positive, using condoms correctly, and not sharing needles for drug use.
A new options for hiv prevention slides.2013Hivlife Info
This document discusses new options for HIV prevention through the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Observational studies and the HPTN 052 clinical trial showed that ART can significantly decrease the risk of transmitting HIV, with a 96% reduction in risk seen in the HPTN 052 trial. However, real-world adherence to lifelong ART may be challenging and is not as high as was achieved in HPTN 052 through intensive support strategies. U.S. guidelines now recommend ART for all HIV-infected individuals, but limitations remain regarding how well ART prevents transmission through different risk behaviors or in situations where adherence is imperfect.
AIDS is a disease caused by the HIV virus which weakens the immune system and leaves the body vulnerable to fatal infections. It is transmitted through unprotected sex, contact with infected blood, and from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. While there is no cure for AIDS, antiretroviral treatment can suppress the virus and help manage the disease. Prevention focuses on abstinence, monogamy, condom use, and access to treatment without discrimination. The HIV epidemic affects millions globally and transmission rates vary between age groups and regions.
This document summarizes the history and transmission of HIV/AIDS from its origins in Africa in the 1980s to recent developments in treatment and prevention. It traces major events like the identification of HIV as the cause of AIDS in 1983, the development of antiretroviral drugs in the late 1980s, the establishment of World AIDS Day in 1988, growing rates of infection worldwide in the 1990s and 2000s, and recent successes in expanding access to treatment and reducing new infections through prevention strategies. The document also provides statistics on HIV/AIDS cases in Saudi Arabia and highlights current WHO treatment guidelines.
AIDS is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Many people infected with HIV do not show symptoms for years, allowing them to infect others unknowingly. HIV weakens the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to infections and diseases. The virus can be transmitted sexually, through blood exposure, or from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. While scientists have been unable to develop a vaccine, prevention focuses on avoiding risky behaviors like unprotected sex with multiple partners and sharing needles.
The document discusses the causes and effects of HIV. The main causes of HIV transmission are through unprotected sexual contact, sharing needles or syringes, and from mother to fetus during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Some effects of HIV include skin conditions like chicken pox or shingles that can affect organs and be life-threatening, as well as AIDS-related dementia which decreases cognitive ability and processing due to neurological impacts even though HIV does not directly infect nerve cells.
There is no vaccine or cure for HIV, but treatment can allow those infected to live long and healthy lives. HIV is transmitted through certain bodily fluids, primarily blood, semen, rectal fluids, vaginal fluids and breast milk. Common ways of transmission include unprotected sex and sharing drug equipment. While oral sex poses a lower risk, safer sex practices like condoms are recommended. Anyone can acquire HIV regardless of age, sex, race or sexual orientation. Regular testing is important since there may be no symptoms initially despite one's ability to transmit the virus. With medical care, including treatment during pregnancy, the risk of transmitting HIV from mother to child can be reduced to less than 2%.
HIV leads to AIDS, which was first identified in 1981. It can be transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding, or through contact with infected blood. In the Philippines, most new HIV cases in 2014 were sexually transmitted among men who have sex with men. The number of new HIV cases increased significantly from the previous year. Laws are being proposed to better address HIV/AIDS prevention, treatment, and testing in the Philippines.
Hiv aids general consideration bangladesh and international prospective newHome
This document provides an overview of HIV/AIDS, including:
1) The first reported cases of HIV in 1981 involved 5 cases of pneumonia in young homosexual men.
2) HIV was later identified in 1983 from samples from patients. It was initially named LAV and HTLV-III before being designated HIV.
3) HIV is transmitted primarily via sexual contact, blood/blood products, and mother-to-child transmission. The risk of transmission varies based on exposure type.
4) HIV progresses from acute infection to a chronic carrier state to AIDS, as it destroys CD4 cells and weakens the immune system. This allows for opportunistic infections.
5) Bangladesh has seen rising HIV cases, though
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including:
- HIV causes AIDS by breaking down the immune system. AIDS is the most advanced stage of HIV disease.
- Scientists believe HIV originated from chimpanzees in Western Africa and jumped to humans through contact with infected animals.
- The earliest known case of HIV in humans was in 1959 in the Congo. The epidemic then spread among high-risk groups and an estimated 5% of gay men in New York and San Francisco had HIV by 1978.
- AIDS was first observed clinically in 1981 in the US in drug users and gay men with rare infections. Soon the CDC formed a task force to monitor the outbreak.
The natural history of HIV/AIDS refers to the progression of the disease from initial exposure to recovery or death. HIV evolved from simian immunodeficiency viruses that crossed species from chimpanzees and sooty mangabeys into humans. HIV was first discovered in 1981 when cases of Pneumocystis pneumonia and Kaposi's sarcoma in gay men were reported. HIV infects and destroys CD4+ T cells, gradually weakening the immune system. If untreated, HIV develops into AIDS, defined by a CD4 count below 200 or the presence of an AIDS-defining illness. The clinical course varies but typically involves acute infection, asymptomatic latency, and late stage AIDS without treatment over 7-10 years.
HIV/AIDS refers to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV attacks the immune system, leaving individuals susceptible to infections over time. The document discusses the definition of HIV/AIDS, how HIV is transmitted, signs and symptoms of infection, worldwide impact of AIDS, and strategies for prevention through risk avoidance and reduction.
AIDS is a disease caused by the HIV virus that weakens the immune system. There are currently around 33 million people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. The virus originated in chimpanzees in central Africa and was first reported in the United States in 1981. HIV attacks CD4 cells and a person is diagnosed with AIDS when their CD4 count drops below 200 or they contract an opportunistic infection. HIV is transmitted through sexual contact, blood transfusions, needle sharing, and from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Prevention focuses on abstinence, monogamy, condom use, safe needle practices, and preventing mother to child transmission. While treatment with antiretroviral drugs can suppress the virus,
The Philippines has seen a 25% increase in HIV prevalence and is one of nine countries with rising rates. HIV weakens the immune system, leaving the body vulnerable to infections like pneumonia and tuberculosis. AIDS develops when the immune system is too weak to fight off diseases. HIV is transmitted via unprotected sex, blood transfusions, and from mother to child. Bodily fluids like blood, breastmilk, semen, and vaginal fluids can transmit HIV if they enter the bloodstream of another person. Abstinence, mutual monogamy, correct condom use, avoiding drugs and alcohol, education, and testing can prevent transmission. Stigma against those with HIV is unnecessary since casual contact does not spread it.
- HIV/AIDS is a serious, deadly disease that has infected over 70 million people globally since being identified in the 1980s. Currently, there are over 34 million people living with HIV worldwide.
- HIV weakens the immune system by destroying important immune cells called CD4 cells. If untreated, HIV can develop into AIDS, leaving the body vulnerable to infections and diseases. While antiretroviral drugs can suppress HIV and prolong life, there is currently no cure for HIV/AIDS.
- HIV is transmitted through bodily fluids like blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk. Common routes of transmission include unprotected sex and sharing needles. Casual contact like hugging, kissing, or mosquito bites
The document discusses HIV and AIDS. It explains that HIV originated from chimpanzees in West Africa and was transmitted to humans through contact with their blood. HIV attacks and destroys CD4 cells, weakening the immune system and leading to AIDS. AIDS is diagnosed when someone with HIV gets an opportunistic infection due to a severely weakened immune system with a CD4 count below 200. Common symptoms of HIV include fatigue, fever, and swollen lymph nodes.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS transmission, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. It explains that HIV can be transmitted sexually, through blood or needle sharing, or from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding. Diagnosis requires an antibody or combination test. Treatment involves antiretroviral therapy using different types of medicines to suppress the virus. The pandemic continues to have serious social and health impacts worldwide.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS, including what it is, how it is transmitted, symptoms, and prevention. It defines HIV as the virus that causes AIDS by weakening the immune system. AIDS is the late stage of HIV infection when the immune system is severely damaged. HIV can be transmitted via blood, semen, vaginal fluids, breast milk, and other bodily fluids through sexual contact, needle sharing, or from mother to child during pregnancy, birth or breastfeeding. Prevention methods include safe sex practices and not sharing needles.
This document provides information about HIV/AIDS from a presentation given by Dr. Jagannath Dinda. It defines HIV and AIDS, how HIV infects cells and has no cure. Symptoms and transmission routes are described, including that it cannot be spread through casual contact. Statistics on testing in West Bengal and Bankura district are given. Treatment options including antiretroviral drugs and managing opportunistic infections are summarized. Abstinence, monogamy, protected sex, and sterile needles are outlined as prevention methods. The talk concludes with messages about fighting AIDS through education and testing.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS through 8 case studies and provides information on pathophysiology and treatment. It describes the 6 stages of HIV infection: 1) Seroconversion illness, 2) Asymptomatic infection, 3) Persistent generalized lymphadenopathy, 4) Symptomatic infection/AIDS-related complex, 5) AIDS, and 6) Nonprogressors. It also outlines classes of antiretroviral medications used to treat HIV, including reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, entry inhibitors, and integrase inhibitors. Diagnosis of HIV is through antibody or antigen testing of blood or saliva.
The future belongs to young people ...
and it is us who will be affected most by the decisions we take today on Aids/HIV epidemic, climate change, food, energy, environmental degradation, economic stability and the continuing challenge of world poverty.
Such decisions will influence the shape and quality of our future lives and could even dictate how long we will live. So it is very important that us, as individuals and as a group, take a keen interest in these issues now – and make absolutely sure our views are heard.
_____________________________
I heard about this contest from an email from Slideshare.
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Scientists believe HIV originated from chimpanzees in West Africa and was transmitted to humans through contact with their infected blood. The three most common ways HIV is spread are through unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Less common ways of transmission include occupational needle sticks or transplants involving infected blood. Three main ways to prevent spread are getting tested and treated if positive, using condoms correctly, and not sharing needles for drug use.
HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Scientists believe HIV originated from chimpanzees in West Africa and was transmitted to humans through contact with their infected blood. The three most common ways HIV is spread are through unprotected sex, sharing needles, and from mother to child during pregnancy or breastfeeding. Less common ways include occupational needle sticks or transplants involving infected blood. Three ways to prevent spread are getting tested and treated if positive, using condoms correctly, and not sharing needles for drug use.
The psychological and social impacts of HIV/AIDS can be significant. People living with HIV/AIDS may experience fear, anxiety, depression, social isolation, and stigmatization. They can face challenges in relationships, employment, and perceptions from others. Children with HIV/AIDS may have to cope with a lack of a normal childhood, fears of dying, and changes in parental relationships. Overall, living with a chronic illness like HIV/AIDS takes a psychological and social toll on many people's well-being and quality of life.
The Red Ribbon Foundation was created in 1993 to raise money for HIV/AIDS research, primarily related to pediatric AIDS. It aims to promote HIV/AIDS awareness through distributing red ribbons and educational outreach. The foundation was established in memory of singer/songwriter Paul Jabara, who conceived of the red ribbon symbol and died of AIDS.
HIV is a virus that causes AIDS by weakening a person's immune system. It is transmitted via bodily fluids from sexual contact, contaminated needles, or from mother to child. While some people show no early symptoms, others experience a brief flu-like illness within weeks. Over time, HIV destroys immune cells called CD4 cells, leaving the body vulnerable to infections and cancers that define AIDS. Antiretroviral treatment can suppress HIV and prolong life, but does not cure it. Risk is reduced by condom use, treatment of STDs, male circumcision, and use of sterile needles by drug users.
The document provides information about HIV/AIDS including how it is transmitted, ways to protect oneself, myths and facts about transmission, statistics about those affected, and resources for testing and getting involved. It encourages getting tested, wearing a red ribbon on World AIDS Day to raise awareness, and volunteering or attending events to learn more and honor those lost to the disease.
Sexually transmitted diseases have increased dramatically in recent decades due to greater sexual freedom and changes in contraceptive use. There are now over 25 known sexually transmitted pathogens, including bacteria like gonorrhea, chlamydia, and syphilis, viruses like herpes, HIV, and HPV, and protozoa like Trichomonas. Prevention efforts focus on abstinence, monogamy, condoms, and vaccinations, but barriers are not fully protective. Prompt treatment of infections is important to control spread. Healthcare workers must take strict precautions like universal protocols and safe sharps handling to avoid exposure risks on the job.
Kaisar Ali Molla, a class 12 student, conducted a biology project on Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) under the guidance of his teacher Ms. Laxmi Rai. The project discusses the causes of AIDS, its symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. It details how HIV attacks and weakens the immune system, making one vulnerable to opportunistic infections. While there is no cure for AIDS, early testing and treatment can slow its progression and increase quality of life. The student concludes that ignorance and lack of knowledge are major factors fueling the spread of this disease.
HIV (Humab immunidefiency virus) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. If HIV is not treated, It can lead to AIDS (acquired immunidefiency syndrome.
This document provides information about HIV and AIDS. It discusses how HIV is transmitted, the symptoms of HIV/AIDS, testing and treatment options, and prevention strategies. It aims to increase awareness of HIV and reduce stigma by educating about the virus. It highlights that HIV is mainly spread through unprotected sex and sharing needles, but cannot be spread through casual contact. Treatment involves antiretroviral drugs that suppress HIV but do not cure it. Ways to prevent transmission include getting tested, practicing safe sex, limiting partners, and avoiding needle sharing.
The document provides guidance for individuals diagnosed with HIV/AIDS on how to live with their diagnosis. It discusses the need for lifestyle changes like improved nutrition, exercise and safer sex practices. It also emphasizes the importance of communicating one's status to close relationships and seeking counseling to cope with potential depression and stigma. Support groups and healthcare services are recommended to help patients manage their condition and quality of life.
The document provides information about HIV/AIDS prevention. It discusses that HIV can be prevented by avoiding contact with infected blood or sexual fluids, and getting tested. It emphasizes that HIV is not spread through daily casual contact and encourages treating all people, including those with HIV, with kindness.
This document provides information about HIV and AIDS. It defines HIV as a virus that attacks the immune system, and AIDS as the late stage of HIV infection. It describes the two types of HIV (HIV-1 and HIV-2), their transmission methods, stages of HIV infection from early to late, and strategies for reducing HIV risk such as PrEP, PEP, condom use, testing, and abstinence. It provides statistics on HIV prevalence in the Philippines. The document seeks to increase awareness and understanding of HIV/AIDS.
The document discusses HIV/AIDS statistics, transmission, testing and prevention in Florida. It notes that there are over 40,000 new HIV infections annually in the US, with over 100,000 cases in Florida which has the third highest rate. The C.H.A.N.G.E. program aims to increase testing among at-risk groups through peer outreach and education to help reduce undiagnosed cases. Volunteers are trained to discuss HIV risks and testing confidentially with friends and contacts to encourage testing.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) if not treated. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding, or exposure to infected blood. Common modes of transmission among Hispanic populations include substance abuse and men who have sex with men. Factors influencing HIV infection rates among Hispanics are mental health issues like depression, abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and obstacles to prevention such as stigma, lack of access to healthcare, and language/cultural barriers.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a virus that causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) if not treated. HIV can be transmitted through unprotected sex, sharing needles, from mother to child during birth or breastfeeding, or exposure to infected blood. The most common mode of transmission within the Hispanic population is substance abuse. Factors influencing HIV infection among Hispanics include mental health issues like depression, abuse, risky sexual behaviors, and socioeconomic challenges such as poverty, discrimination, and language barriers.
HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. It attacks and destroys CD4 cells of the immune system, weakening the body's ability to fight infections and disease. While there is no cure for HIV/AIDS, early testing and treatment can prevent transmission and manage the virus. The document outlines that HIV is transmitted through contact with infected blood, semen, vaginal fluids, or breast milk. It also discusses HIV risk factors, prevention methods like condom use and antiretroviral therapy, and notes that HIV is not spread through everyday contact like hugging or sharing objects.
This document summarizes key outcomes, outputs, and activities of the UN system in the Philippines from 2005-2009 across five outcome areas: 1) macroeconomic stability and development, 2) basic social services, 3) good governance, 4) environmental sustainability and climate change adaptation. Some highlights include advocating for policies to promote rights of vulnerable groups, supporting poverty reduction strategies, strengthening health and education systems, localizing the MDGs, improving governance, and building capacity on issues like climate change adaptation and disaster risk management.
The document summarizes the process undertaken to develop the 2005-2009 UNDAF for the Philippines. It describes how the UNCT developed the CCA through sectoral assessments and stakeholder consultations. Five priority areas for the UNDAF were then identified based on the CCA, Millennium Declaration, and MDGs. The UNDAF formulation process included workshops with UN agencies and stakeholders to identify outcomes. The resulting UNDAF aimed to support national development priorities through a collaborative, coherent response from the UN system.
This document provides a lessons learned report on the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for the Philippines from 2005-2009. It discusses the formulation process, design, implementation through theme groups, and efforts towards "Delivering as One" and joint programming. Key findings include that the UNDAF was not well aligned with national planning cycles, theme groups faced challenges in functioning, cross-cutting issues were not adequately addressed, and "Delivering as One" has progressed but not yet been fully implemented in areas like common premises and a single programming framework. The report aims to inform the development of the new 2012-2016 UNDAF.
This document provides a lessons learned report on the United Nations Development Assistance Framework (UNDAF) for the Philippines from 2005-2009. It discusses the formulation process, design, implementation, and emerging issues identified. Key findings include that the UNDAF was not well aligned with national planning cycles, ownership and buy-in from the government was lacking, coordination mechanisms like the UNDAF Theme Groups disbanded, and cross-cutting issues were not adequately addressed. It provides recommendations for strengthening government involvement, monitoring and evaluation, leadership of coordination bodies, and mainstreaming human rights and gender in the new UNDAF from 2012-2016.
The document discusses enhancing resilience and accelerating achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) in Asia and the Pacific region by 2015. It notes that while progress has been made towards the MDGs, more must be done. Disaster risk reduction can help accelerate progress on the MDGs. Both the 2010 MDG Summit and the 2009 Global Platform recognized the importance of disaster risk reduction to sustainable development and achieving the MDGs.
This document provides an acknowledgement for the 2010 report "Winning the Numbers, Losing the War: The Other MDG Report". It thanks the many organizations and individuals who contributed to the report's production through various consultations. It specifically acknowledges funding support from the UN Millennium Campaign, UNDP, MDG-F, and HD2010 Platform. It also thanks NEDA for their involvement in consultations on the Philippines' official MDG report. Finally, it provides a long list of organizations that participated in Social Watch Philippines' consultations for their shadow report.
The UN Millennium Campaign supports a project in Misamis Occidental, Philippines that trains community members and children to advocate for achieving Education for All (EFA) by 2015. The project works to increase policy support and influence at the local level to bring out-of-school children back to school. It uses a two-pronged advocacy approach of pushing needed policies and building community capacity. Youth volunteers in Clarin municipality collect bottles and cans to fund education for children, helping to support the local EFA campaign goals.
This document is a citizens' roadmap for poverty reduction and achieving the MDGs in the Philippines that was created by civil society organizations. It provides recommendations for the country's 2010-2016 Medium-Term Philippine Development Plan. The roadmap covers 16 areas including governance, fiscal policy, agriculture, education, and health. It acknowledges that while some progress has been made towards the MDGs, much remains to be done, as over 1/3 of Filipinos still live in extreme poverty. The roadmap is intended to help the government reduce poverty and achieve the MDGs by 2015 with civic participation and engagement.
This initiative in Orissa, India involves citizens tracking the delivery of social security entitlements using a mobile phone-based monitoring system. Over 46,000 households in 47 villages are able to monitor on a monthly basis their entitlements such as food rations, pensions for widows and elderly, and wages under an employment guarantee program. This real-time tracking by citizens has resulted in over 1,300 poor households gaining access to food rations, nearly 900 widows and elderly receiving monthly pensions, and over 12,000 families receiving timely wages for work. It has also identified duplicate or bogus ration cards, improving the targeting of benefits. By empowering citizens to monitor entitlements, this initiative has helped improve access to crucial social protections
This document provides a status report on the Millennium Development Goals in the Province of Siquijor in the Philippines using Community-Based Monitoring System data. It begins with an executive summary and overview of Siquijor's history, geography, population, economy, infrastructure, and local institutional capabilities. It then assesses progress on each of the 8 MDGs, including reducing poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing child mortality, improving maternal health, combating HIV/AIDS and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, and developing a global partnership for development. It concludes by identifying priority programs, policies, and financing needed to meet the 2015 targets and make recommendations.
The document is a status report on the Millennium Development Goals in the Province of Sarangani in the Philippines. It provides an overview of the province's progress toward achieving the 8 MDGs which include eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, reducing child mortality, improving maternal health, combating HIV/AIDS and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, and developing a global partnership for development. The report analyzes data collected through the Community-Based Monitoring System and contains 14 tables that assess indicators related to each development goal.
This document provides a status report on the Millennium Development Goals in Romblon Province, Philippines using data from the Community-Based Monitoring System. It begins with an introduction to Romblon Province and discusses the status of each of the 8 Millennium Development Goals based on CBMS data, identifying areas where the province is progressing well and other areas that require more work. It concludes by outlining priority programs, policies and financing needed to help Romblon achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015.
This document is the Province of Marinduque's first progress report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) using Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) data. It acknowledges the support of various government agencies, local officials, and staff in implementing CBMS surveys and preparing the report. The report will serve as a planning and monitoring tool to track achievements in addressing the MDGs and ensure development programs are responsive to community needs.
This document provides a status report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for the Province of Eastern Samar in the Philippines using data from the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS). It begins with an executive summary and overview of the province's profile, including history, geography, population, economy, and local institutions. It then assesses the status of each MDG based on CBMS indicators, discussing goals related to poverty, education, gender equality, child and maternal health, diseases, the environment, and global partnerships. It concludes by identifying priority programs, financing needs, and recommendations for continued monitoring to meet the 2015 MDG targets.
This document is a progress report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for the province of Camarines Norte in the Philippines using data from the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS). It acknowledges progress made towards the MDGs but also areas still facing challenges. The report was prepared by the provincial MDG team with assistance from the CBMS Network and UNDP. It provides an overview of the status of each MDG indicator in Camarines Norte based on the local data collected.
This document provides a status report on the Millennium Development Goals in the Province of Biliran, Philippines using data from the Community-Based Monitoring System. It begins with an acknowledgements section and messages of support. It then provides a profile of Biliran Province with information on history, geography, population, economy, infrastructure, and local governance. The main body evaluates progress on each of the 8 MDGs based on quantitative and qualitative data. It concludes with priorities, financing strategies, and plans for continued monitoring toward meeting all MDG targets by 2015.
This document provides a status report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for the province of Agusan del Sur in the Philippines using data from the Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS). It begins with an acknowledgment of partners who supported the report's creation. It then presents the report, including a provincial profile, status updates on each of the 8 MDGs based on CBMS data indicators, and a discussion of priorities, financing, and monitoring needed to meet the 2015 targets. Key findings include the percentages and numbers of households below the poverty and food thresholds by municipality and rural/urban areas, as well as data on education, health, and environmental indicators.
The document provides a status report on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Agusan del Norte province in the Philippines using Community-Based Monitoring System (CBMS) data. It includes 23 tables that assess the province's progress toward various MDG targets related to poverty, education, gender equality, health, and the environment. The report finds that while some goals are on track to be achieved by 2015, others like reducing child mortality still face challenges. It concludes by recommending priority programs and policies to help meet remaining targets within the timeframe.
2. AIDS Orientation Sessions will help UN staff:
• Know the essential facts about HIV and AIDS
• Protect oneself and families from HIV infection
• Live Positively with HIV
• Contribute to a tolerant, equitable and
compassionate UN-system Workplace
p y p
• Understand the UN Personnel Policy on HIV/AIDS
• Know global, regional and Philippines AIDS
epidemic
• Learn about UN Cares
3. Outline of morning session
g
1. Basic Facts about HIV and AIDS
2. Global, regional and national HIV
epidemic
3. Condom education
4. Outline of afternoon session
1. Stigma and discrimination, UN Plus
g ,
2. UN Personnel Policy on HIV, UN
Cares
3. PEP kits
4. Voluntary Testing and Counseling
5. Beyond the basics
Sex and sexuality
Supportive work environment
Drugs and alcohol
Gender
Love and trust
Death
7. H Human Can only infect human beings
Immuno-
Immuno Attacks the bod ’s imm ne
body’s immune
I Deficiency
system by weakening its defenses
against diseases/infections
V Virus An organism, a characteristic of
which is that it reproduces itself,
taking over the machinery of the
human cell
8. Transmitted from person to person.
A Acquired
q Not hereditary.
y
It affects the body's immune system,
I Immune-
Immune
part of the body which usually
works to fight off germs such as
bacteria and viruses.
D Deficiency It makes the immune system work
improperly.
Someone with AIDS may experience
S Syndrome a wide range of different diseases
and opportunistic infections
infections.
9. How can you tell if someone has HIV or AIDS?
Because of the way they act? Knowing their sexual orientation?
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
10. How can you tell if someone has HIV or AIDS?
Looking tired and ill?
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
11. How can you tell if someone has HIV or AIDS?
No way of
knowing
12. Infection History
1. Exposure and successful entry of the virus
2. Window Period - 6 weeks to 6 months
3. HIV infection - asymptomatic stage, 8 to 10 years
(Philippines, average 5 years)
• People with HIV look and act just like anyone
without HIV infection
4. AIDS - 6 months t 2 years
th to
5. Death
14. Can you get HIV infection from…
Using Public Swimming Using Public
Pool
P l? Toilet
T il t ?
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
15. Can you get HIV infection from…
INSECT Bites?
Yes
No
Only from female
mosquitoes
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
16. CAN YOU GET HIV INFECTION FROM…
KISSING ? SHARING UTENSILS ?
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
17. CAN YOU GET HIV INFECTION from…
Handshake
H d h k ? Hugging ?
18. Which protects you most against HIV infection?
– Condom
– Contraceptive pill
– Spermicide jelly
– Female Condom
– Vaccine
– Antibiotics
19. Requisites of HIV Infection
q
• Body fluid with adequate infectious load
(blood,
(bl d semen, cervical and vaginal
i l d i l
secretions and breast milk)
• Portal of entry of the virus into the
bloodstream
20. How is HIV transmitted?
1. Unprotected p
p penetrative sexual intercourse:
– Infected semen and vaginal fluid through sexual contacts whether
vaginal, anal
– or oral (biologically and epidemiologically less reasonable).
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro
Hospitla, Philippines
21. How is HIV transmitted?
2. Infected blood and blood products:
Blood transfusion Organ transplant Sharing of contaminated
needles and syringes
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
22. How is HIV transmitted?
3. Perinatal Transmission:
Placental entry During delivery Breast feeding
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
23. WHO ARE AT RISK?
Recipients f
R i i t of contaminated
t i t d Multiple
M lti l sexual partners
l t
blood and blood products without condoms
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
24. WHO ARE AT RISK?
Sexual partners of infected Injecting drug users who
persons share needles
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
25. WHO ARE AT RISK?
Mother living with HIV Men having sex with men
breastfeeding her baby without condom
Slide courtesy of Dr Cherry Abrenica, San Lazaro Hospitla, Philippines
26. Sexual transmission of HIV
• High risk through vaginal sex
g g g
• Anal sex – 10 times higher risk than vaginal sex
• Oral sex regarded as a low-risk sexual activity,
g y,
but risk of HIV transmission increases if there are
cuts or sores in or around the mouth of “recipient”
A person with untreated sexually transmitted
infection, particularly with ulcers or discharge
i f ti ti l l ith l di h
- 6 to 10 times more likely to pass on or
acquire HIV during sex.
q g
27. Blood transfusions and sharing of
infected syringes and needles
y g
• More than 90% risk of acquiring HIV
through transfusion of infected blood
g
and blood products.
• Re-using or sharing needles or
g g
syringes in health care settings and
through drug injection is a highly
efficient way of transmitting HIV.
ffi i t ft itti HIV
28. Mother to child (during p g
( g pregnancy,
y,
child delivery or breastfeeding)
• G
Generally, 15–30% risk of
% f
transmission from mother to child
before and during delivery
delivery.
• Breastfeeding increases the risk of
transmission by 10–15%.
10 15%.
29. One CANNOT get HIV through:
• Hugging and kissing
• Eating and drinking with people with HIV
• Shaking hands
• Sharing utensils
• Living and working with someone with HIV
• Coughing and sneezing
• Mosquito and other insect bites
• Swimming in a pool
• Sharing toilet seats
31. • Sexual transmission of HIV can be prevented by:
p y
abstinence
mutually monogamous relations between
y g
uninfected partners
non-penetrative sex
consistent and correct use of condoms
32. • Mother to child transmission can be prevented by:
Treatment
Caesarian section
Avoid breastfeeding
A id b tf di
• Always use new needles and syringes that are
disposable or those that are properly sterilized
before reuse.
• Ensure that blood and blood products are tested
for HIV and that blood safety standards are
implemented.
33. • Transmission in healthcare settings can be
g
prevented by:
Universal precautions
p
Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)
35. • There are treatments that slow the progression of
HIV infection and allow people infected with virus
to live healthily and productively for many years
• Combination anti-HIV therapy is known as
antiretroviral therapy, ART or ARV (or HAART)
• Although effective in slowing the progression of
HIV-related disease, ART is not a cure.
• Therapies also exist to prevent and /or treat many
HIV related opportunistic infections.
38. • UN PEP Starter Kits are provided to facilitate prompt
access to medication in case of potential exposure to
p p
HIV.
• PEP should be started as soon as possible after
exposure,
exposure ideally within the next few hours and no later
hours,
than 72 hours post exposure.
• PEP kits include:
1. Five days’ of a two-drug anti-retroviral treatment (full
course 28-days)
2. Emergency oral contraception (“morning after pill”)
3. Pregnancy test kit
39. • Not 100% effective in preventing HIV infection
• PEP is available to all individuals with a UN
agency contract and their spouses and
dependant children in the case of:
p
1. Sexual assault
2. Occupational e posu e
Occupat o a exposure
3. An accident, criminal assault or security incident
• In principle not intended for individuals who
through voluntary activities outside work expose
themselves to HIV (however….)
40. Where to get the PEP Kit?
Wh t t th
Regional Medical Service
World Health Organization
g
United Nations Avenue
Manila 1000 Philippines
Who are the 24/24h PEP Starter Kits custodians in the Philippines?
Ms Zenaida V Cariaga
Clinical Nurse, WHO/WPRO
e-mail: cariagaz@wpro.who.int
Dr Marie Yvette Jaramillo
Regional Staff Physician, WHO/WPRO
e-mail: jaramillom@wpro.who.int