Ultraviolet radiation has wavelengths between 400nm and 15nm, falling between violet light and X-rays on the electromagnetic spectrum. It is divided into UV-A from 400-320nm, UV-B from 320-280nm, and UV-C from 280-100nm, with shorter wavelengths being more energetic and potentially dangerous. UV-A passes through glass while UV-B induces vitamin D production but can cause harm from overexposure.