Giorgio Venturi discusses the challenges and methods of user experience (UX) design, likening it to solving a puzzle that requires various pieces to fit together. He highlights issues with current client-agency engagement models that often lead to superficial learning and limited user understanding, advocating for longer in-house projects that allow for deeper user engagement and collaboration. Venturi emphasizes the importance of user-centered design principles, such as empathy and building a UX culture within organizations.