The document provides recommendations and opinions on various issues using tag questions and modals. It discusses whether certain actions should or should not be required by law. It then asks the reader how they feel about issues related to pet ownership using passive modals. Finally, it discusses adding tag questions to statements and making a vocabulary log on social issues.

1. Lic. Norma Dzib 2008 -2009 Giving recommendations and opinions Tag questions for opinions

2. Cyclist should be required to wear a helmet . Pet owners shouldn´t be allowed to walk dogs without a leash. People ought to be required to end parties at midnight.

3. Laws must be passed to control the noise form car alarms. People mustn´t be permitted to park motorcycles on the sidewalks. A rule has to be made to require cycling lanes on city streets. Something has got to be done to stop littering

4. We use should+ infinitive without to or ought to + infinitive when we think something is the right thing to do . Example: People should pay to use the roads = People ought to pay . We use shouldn´t (should not) or oughtn´t to (ought not to) when we think something isn´t a good idea . Example: We shouldn´t make so many cars= We oughtn´t to make .

5. How do you feel about these issues? Complete the sentences with a passive modal to show how you feel . 1. Pets________ to eat at the table. (allow) 2. Pets________ to ride in cars. (permit) 3. Pets________ to wear clothes (require) 4. People______ to keep unusual pets in their apartments. (allow) 5. People______ to put their pets in cages. (permit) 6. People______ to clean up after their pets (require)

6. Affirmative statement + negative tag Health insurance is really expensive, isn´t it? There are lots of criminals in the city, aren´t there? Graffiti makes everything look ugly, doesn´t it? Colleges should provide day care, shouldn´t they? Negative statement + affirmative tag Child care isn´t cheap, is it? There aren´t enough police, are there? People don´t care about our city, do they? You can´t find affordable child care, can you?

7. Add tag questions to these statements. You cant escape advertising nowadays,..? There aren´t enough gun-control laws,…? Noise pollution is a major problem here,…? There are more and more homeless people on the streets,…? The sales tax should be lowered,…? It isn´t easy to save money these days,…?

8. Make a Vocabulary Log. Write words or draw pictures to help you remember. Social Issues Company downsizing Ethnic conflict Gender discrimination Graffiti Gun violence High sales tax Homelessness Illiteracy Inadequate health care Lack of affordable child care Noise pollution Stray animals Street crime Unemployment *Classify the words in your vocabulary log. Write : W for world problem , N for National problem C for community problem. *Rank the issues in your vocabulary log from 1 (most serious) to 14 (least serious)

9. Bolton, D & Goodey, N English grammar in steps Richmond Publishing 2003 Richards, Jack C. Interchange Third Edition Cambridge University Press 2005 www.cartoonstock.com