This document defines and compares different types of software: - Packaged software is pre-made software that is often bundled together, like Microsoft Office. It has advantages like being cheaper and faster to implement than custom software but disadvantages like including unused features. - Custom software is designed specifically for a user's needs but is more expensive and time-consuming to develop. - Open source software allows anyone to view and modify its code for benefits like improved security, but it can lack user-friendliness. - Shareware and freeware are free or low-cost but offer fewer features than paid alternatives and may include unwanted downloads. Public domain software is similar to freeware in being free but also lacks robust security capabilities.

1. SOFTWARES
BY EMMANUEL MILETSO
AR20170032
ICT ASSIGNMENT

2. Definition of
 Packaged software
 Custom software
 Open source software
 Share software
 Free software
 Public software
 Advantage and Disadvantages of the above
OUTLINE

3.  Also called a software package, is software that is often
used together, performs similar functions, or includes
similar features, and is bundled together as a set of
software programs. Eg, Microsoft Office is packaged
software, including multiple software programs used in a
home or office, such as Microsoft Excel, Microsoft Word, and
Microsoft Powerpoint.
 Video and audio editing software may be available as
packaged software as well, as they may be used together for
editing music and video files used in a movie.
PACKAGED SOFTWARE

4.  Packaged software solutions are designed for both horizontal
and vertical markets. In order to cater for the needs of many,
vendors have to spend an enormous amount of effort and
expense to incorporate world-class functionality into their
products. Duplicating such expense to develop similar
functionality in custom developed applications, in many cases, is
prohibitively expensive.
 Packaged solutions tend to be far more configurable than
custom developed applications. In other words, they can
accommodate change by adjusting table values to a far greater
degree than is usual for custom developed applications.
Moreover, package environments often come with capabilities
that a customer does not to use immediately but are there for
future exploitation as and when required.
 A packages solution can be implemented in significantly less
time than a custom application and often at substantially less
cost. You also don’t have to dedicate any of your time to the
development process (e.g. helping with requirements
specifications, testing etc.)
ADVANTAGES OF PACKAGED SOFTWARE

5.  Packaged software solutions can be highly complex and
usually include many features that you will never us. Given
the software tends to be large and complicated it may take
a long time to learn properly.
 If your organisation’s business processes are truly unique
then the packaged software may need to be customised to
accommodate them or you may need to change your
processes to accommodate the package.
 Given the same system can be bought by your competitors it
is very difficult to gain any competitive advantage from its
use.
DISADVANTAGES OF PACKAGED SOFTWARE
SOLUTIONS

6. Custom software solutions is designed specifically to your
requirements and built to operate exactly as you need.
Moreover, it can be changed as your business changes or
altered to further improve its performance. Custom software
can also be integrated with your existing systems and any future
systems
CUSTOM SOFTWARE

7.  With custom software, you get every function that you need
and none that you don’t need. It should also operate in the
way that you are used to working which means that it will be
easier to use.
 Being able to perform tasks that your competitors cannot do
means that you gain real competitive advantage with custom
software solutions. Given that custom software can be listed
as an asset of your organisation
 it can add value to the business.
ADVANTAGES OF CUSTOM SOFTWARE

8.  Custom software is usually more expensive to start with
requiring a large initial investment. Once in place though the
software may cost nothing further to use.
 The development process for custom software solutions can
take a long time and the input from the business can be
considerable.
DISADVANTAGES OF CUSTOM SOFTWARE
SOLUTIONS

9.  Open source software is software with source code that anyone
can inspect, modify, and enhance.
 "Source code" is the part of software that most computer users
don't ever see; it's the code computer programmers can
manipulate to change how a piece of software—a "program" or
"application"—works.
 Programmers who have access to a computer program's source
code can improve that program by adding features to it or
fixing parts that don't always work correctly.
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

10.  Control. Many people prefer open source software because
they have more control over that kind of software. They can
examine the code to make sure it's not doing anything they don't
want it to do.
 Training. Other people like open source software because it helps
them become better programmers. Because open source code is
publicly accessible, students can easily study it as they learn to
make better software.
 Security. Some people prefer open source software because they
consider it more secure and stable than proprietary software.
Because anyone can view and modify open source software,
someone might spot and correct errors or omissions that a
program's original authors might have missed
 Stability. Many users prefer open source software to proprietary
software for important, long-term projects. Because
programmers publicly distribute the source code for open source
software.
ADVANTAGES OF OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE

11.  1. Because there is no requirement to create a commercial
product that will sell and generate money, open source
software can tend to evolve more in line with developers’
wishes than the needs of the end user.
 2. For the same reason, they can be less “user-friendly” and
not as easy to use because less attention is paid to
developing the user interface.
 3. There may also be less support available for when things
go wrong – open source software tends to rely on its
community of users to respond to and fix problems.
DISADVANTAGES OF OPEN SOURCE
SOFTWARE

12.  Is a type of proprietary software which is initially provided
free of charge to users, who are allowed and encouraged to
make and share copies of the program. Shareware is often
offered as a download from a website or as a compact disc
included with a magazine. Shareware is available with most
computer software.
 The term shareware is used in contrast to open-source
software, in which the source code is available for anyone to
inspect and alter.
SHARE SOFTWARE
OR SHAREWARE

13.  Shareware is free, can be copied and is covered by copyright.
 Its in the Public Domain
 Public Domain software can be copied and modified.
ADVANTAGES OF SHAREWARE

14.  Shareware cannot be modified, and it may be either a cut
down or temporary version.
 Not covered by copyright.
DISADVANTAGES OF SHAREWARE

15.  Freeware is software that is available for use at no monetary
cost. In other words, while freeware may be used without
payment it is most often proprietary software, and
usually modification, re-distribution or reverse-
engineering without the author's permission is prohibited.
 Two historic examples of freeware include Skype and Adobe
Acrobat Reader.
FREE SOFTWARE

16.  Downloading a spyware software removal program or scanner for
free without any one-time fee or subscription-based cost of
proprietary/branded programs is one of the major advantages.
The Internet's freeware prevalent culture for quick-fix computer
systems, security tools, and applications makes users look for
cost savings wherever possible.
 During sudden spyware threats or attacks, people find it quicker
to search for such programs on the Web rather than purchase
paid ones from computer retail stores in the real world or even
from reputed commercial players online.
 Such programs and freeware are widely available on the Internet
and are easy to download, install, and operate. Many
mainstream websites and portals too offer some spyware
removal programs, resulting in a choice of plenty for users.
ADVANTAGES OF FREEWARE

17.  Free spyware removal programs don't offer comprehensive
preventive or security features and attributes as compared to
branded spyware removal programs.
 Malicious Additional Downloads
 Many of the free programs made available by unknown
players or possible rogue entities are known to contain
malicious features that could make a user's computer
contents, passwords, and other confidential information
vulnerable to potential misuse and harm.
DISADVANTAGES OF FREEWARE

18.  Programs that are uncopyrighted because their authors
intended to share them with everyone else are in the public
domain.
 The UNIX community has developed a number of such
programs over the years. Programs in the public domain can
be used without restriction as components of other programs.
When reusing such code, it is good to understand its history
so that you can be sure it really is in the public domain.
PUBLIC DOMAIN SOFTWARE

19.  Downloading a spyware software removal program or scanner for
free without any one-time fee or subscription-based cost of
proprietary/branded programs is one of the major advantages.
The Internet's freeware prevalent culture for quick-fix computer
systems, security tools, and applications makes users look for
cost savings wherever possible.
 During sudden spyware threats or attacks, people find it quicker
to search for such programs on the Web rather than purchase
paid ones from computer retail stores in the real world or even
from reputed commercial players online.
 Such programs and freeware are widely available on the Internet
and are easy to download, install, and operate. Many mainstream
websites and portals too offer some spyware removal programs,
resulting in a choice of plenty for users.
ADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC DOMAIN
SOFTWARES

20.  Free spyware removal programs don't offer comprehensive
preventive or security features and attributes as compared to
branded spyware removal programs.
 Malicious Additional Downloads
 Many of the free programs made available by unknown players
or possible rogue entities are known to contain malicious
features that could make a user's computer contents,
passwords, and other confidential information vulnerable to
potential misuse and harm.
 THANK YOU
DISADVANTAGES OF PUBLIC DOMAIN
SOFTWARES