Types of Research Design.pptx
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• Quantitative research It is for cases where statistical conclusions to collect actionable insights are essential. Numbers provide a better perspective for making critical business decisions. Quantitative research methods are necessary for the growth of any organization. Insights drawn from complex numerical data and analysis prove to be highly effective when making decisions about the business’s future.
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RESEARCH DESIGN.pptx
This document provides an overview of research design. It defines research design as the framework and methods chosen by a researcher to conduct a study. There are three main types of research design: data collection, measurement, and analysis. Successful research designs have key characteristics like neutrality, reliability, validity, and ability to generalize. Research designs can be qualitative or quantitative. Some common research design types are descriptive, experimental, correlational, diagnostic, and explanatory. The document outlines the purpose and process for each of these design types.
Research Design _komal-1.docx
The document provides an overview of research design concepts and types. It discusses the importance of research design in establishing the framework and methodology for a study. Some key points covered include:
- Research design determines the methods and techniques used to conduct a study, including the type of research (e.g. experimental, survey) and elements like the purpose statement, data collection/analysis methods, and timeline.
- There are qualitative and quantitative research designs. Common quantitative designs are experimental, quasi-experimental, correlational, and descriptive. Common qualitative designs include case studies, ethnographies, grounded theory, and phenomenology.
- An effective research design considers factors like defining the target population, choosing appropriate sampling and data collection
General Psychology
The document outlines the scientific method of investigation which involves several key steps: defining the problem, reviewing related literature, formulating a hypothesis, developing a research design, collecting data, analyzing the data, and drawing a conclusion. It also discusses two common research methods - surveys and observation - outlining their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it discusses the importance of psychology in understanding human behavior scientifically and applying findings to solve problems.
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The document provides an overview of action research methodology. It defines action research as a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by individuals working with others in teams. Key aspects of action research discussed include that it is conducted by teachers and staff to study their own practices and environments, aims to improve processes and services, and involves collecting and analyzing data to answer questions. Methods of action research mentioned are flexible and iterative to problem solve in real-world applications.
Rm17 45 1-151
The document provides an overview of action research methodology. It defines action research as a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by individuals working with others in teams. Key aspects of action research discussed include that it is conducted by teachers and staff to study their own practices and environments, aims to improve processes and services, and involves collecting and analyzing data to answer questions. Methods of action research mentioned are flexible and iterative to problem solve in real-world applications.
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH.pptx
This document provides an overview of descriptive research. Descriptive research describes characteristics or phenomena as they naturally occur without influencing or manipulating variables. It can be used to identify problems, develop hypotheses for further research, and make predictions. The key types of descriptive research discussed are survey research, which collects data from populations to describe trends or opinions; interrelationship research including case studies, causal-comparative research, and correlational research; and developmental research which studies phenomena over time. Descriptive research is useful in education for identifying issues, gathering data to inform decision making, and establishing baseline information.
Research
It is a systematic, rigorous investigation of a
situation or problem in order to generate new
knowledge or validate existing knowledge
Quantitative Research Methods
This document discusses quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative research involves systematic procedures like questionnaires and scales to measure variables and test relationships between variables statistically. It generally requires large sample sizes to generalize findings to populations. Qualitative research explores human experiences to understand behaviors and interpret their meanings through descriptive, inductive, and interpretive approaches. Both methods are useful for designing studies, reading other research, and gathering related information.
Recommended
RESEARCH DESIGN.pptx
This document provides an overview of research design. It defines research design as the framework and methods chosen by a researcher to conduct a study. There are three main types of research design: data collection, measurement, and analysis. Successful research designs have key characteristics like neutrality, reliability, validity, and ability to generalize. Research designs can be qualitative or quantitative. Some common research design types are descriptive, experimental, correlational, diagnostic, and explanatory. The document outlines the purpose and process for each of these design types.
Research Design _komal-1.docx
The document provides an overview of research design concepts and types. It discusses the importance of research design in establishing the framework and methodology for a study. Some key points covered include:
- Research design determines the methods and techniques used to conduct a study, including the type of research (e.g. experimental, survey) and elements like the purpose statement, data collection/analysis methods, and timeline.
- There are qualitative and quantitative research designs. Common quantitative designs are experimental, quasi-experimental, correlational, and descriptive. Common qualitative designs include case studies, ethnographies, grounded theory, and phenomenology.
- An effective research design considers factors like defining the target population, choosing appropriate sampling and data collection
General Psychology
The document outlines the scientific method of investigation which involves several key steps: defining the problem, reviewing related literature, formulating a hypothesis, developing a research design, collecting data, analyzing the data, and drawing a conclusion. It also discusses two common research methods - surveys and observation - outlining their advantages and disadvantages. Finally, it discusses the importance of psychology in understanding human behavior scientifically and applying findings to solve problems.
Rm17 45
The document provides an overview of action research methodology. It defines action research as a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by individuals working with others in teams. Key aspects of action research discussed include that it is conducted by teachers and staff to study their own practices and environments, aims to improve processes and services, and involves collecting and analyzing data to answer questions. Methods of action research mentioned are flexible and iterative to problem solve in real-world applications.
Rm17 45 1-151
The document provides an overview of action research methodology. It defines action research as a reflective process of progressive problem solving led by individuals working with others in teams. Key aspects of action research discussed include that it is conducted by teachers and staff to study their own practices and environments, aims to improve processes and services, and involves collecting and analyzing data to answer questions. Methods of action research mentioned are flexible and iterative to problem solve in real-world applications.
DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH.pptx
This document provides an overview of descriptive research. Descriptive research describes characteristics or phenomena as they naturally occur without influencing or manipulating variables. It can be used to identify problems, develop hypotheses for further research, and make predictions. The key types of descriptive research discussed are survey research, which collects data from populations to describe trends or opinions; interrelationship research including case studies, causal-comparative research, and correlational research; and developmental research which studies phenomena over time. Descriptive research is useful in education for identifying issues, gathering data to inform decision making, and establishing baseline information.
Research
It is a systematic, rigorous investigation of a
situation or problem in order to generate new
knowledge or validate existing knowledge
Quantitative Research Methods
This document discusses quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative research involves systematic procedures like questionnaires and scales to measure variables and test relationships between variables statistically. It generally requires large sample sizes to generalize findings to populations. Qualitative research explores human experiences to understand behaviors and interpret their meanings through descriptive, inductive, and interpretive approaches. Both methods are useful for designing studies, reading other research, and gathering related information.
Research design and methods, Dr. William Kritsonis
This document provides an overview of key concepts in research design and methods. It discusses the purposes of educational research and outlines four crucial steps of the scientific inquiry approach: recognizing a problem, collecting information, analyzing data, and stating results. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are examined, including their purposes, data collection techniques, and assumptions. Various research designs such as descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative, experimental, and historical research are also summarized. The document concludes with a glossary of research terms.
Research Design and Methodology, Dr. W.A. Kritsonis
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis earned his BA in 1969 from Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington. In 1971, he earned his M.Ed. from Seattle Pacific University. In 1976, he earned his PhD from the University of Iowa. In 1981, he was a Visiting Scholar at Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, and in 1987 was a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
In June 2008, Dr. Kritsonis received the Doctor of Humane Letters, School of Graduate Studies from Southern Christian University. The ceremony was held at the Hilton Hotel in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Introduction to research
This document provides an overview of research, including definitions of research, the nature and types of business research, and differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. It discusses scientific research processes and characteristics. The key points are:
- Business research is defined as the systematic and objective process of generating information to aid decision-making. It can describe efforts to investigate and solve specific problems encountered in business settings.
- There are differences between qualitative research, which focuses on depth, meaning and subjectivities, and quantitative research, which relates to numbers that can be quantified.
- Research should be undertaken when time allows, information is inadequate, decisions are important, and research benefits outweigh costs. Ethical considerations like informed consent,
Meaning and types of research
Research is defined as a careful, systematic study of a topic using scientific methods. There are several types of research, including basic research to expand knowledge, applied research to solve practical problems, and qualitative and quantitative research which use different data collection methods. The main purposes of research are exploration to better understand an issue, description to provide more details about current topics, and explanation to understand the impact of changes. Research is important for development and improvement in Tanzania as it can help solve real-life problems, expand knowledge, and validate findings to inform decisions.
Chapter 3 Quantitative Research Designs
Quantitative research designs establish relationships between independent and dependent variables. There are three main types of quantitative research designs: experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental (which includes cross-sectional, longitudinal, and survey designs). Experimental designs deliberately introduce a treatment to observe results, while quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment. Non-experimental designs observe relationships without manipulation.
Research design and methods
This document provides an overview of key concepts in educational research methods. It discusses the purposes of educational research as explaining educational issues and helping to understand, predict, improve, and generate new questions. It also outlines the main steps of scientific inquiry as recognizing a problem, collecting information, analyzing data, and stating implications. The document then distinguishes between basic, applied, and evaluation research. It explains quantitative and qualitative research methods and various research designs including descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative, experimental, and historical. It also discusses sampling techniques, variables and scales of measurement, types of instruments, validity and reliability, and statistical analysis methods.
LECTURE ON QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN.pdf
This document provides an overview of qualitative research design. It discusses that qualitative research aims to understand phenomena through interpretation rather than description. It involves analyzing people's interactions in context. The document outlines three common qualitative research designs: explanatory design which builds theories to explain events, interpretive design which enhances understanding, and critical research which aims to change beliefs and actions. It also discusses common qualitative data collection methods like observation, participation, interviews, and document analysis.
Lesson 3
The document discusses different types of research categorized by purpose, process, and outcome. Research can be descriptive, analytical, exploratory, or predictive depending on its purpose. The process of research determines whether it is qualitative or quantitative. Finally, the outcome separates research into applied/action research which solves practical problems, or fundamental/basic research which develops theories. Exploratory research aims to gain insights into problems through preliminary studies, while qualitative research uses methods like interviews to understand human behaviors and emotions.
Lesson 2
The document discusses different types of research categorized by purpose, process, and outcome. Research can be descriptive, analytical, exploratory, or predictive depending on its purpose. The process of research determines whether it is qualitative or quantitative. Finally, the outcome separates research into applied/action research which solves practical problems, or fundamental/basic research which develops theories. Exploratory research aims to gain insights into problems, while qualitative research uses words and narratives over numbers.
Criteria in social research
This document discusses key criteria for evaluating social research: validity, reliability, causality, and replication. It defines each concept and provides examples. Validity ensures research measures what it intends to measure through constructs like internal, external, and ecological validity. Reliability ensures consistency in measures over time and between observers. Causality looks for precedence between variables and correlation not due to other factors. Replication requires explicitly detailing procedures to allow others to reproduce results and ensure objectivity. The document provides an overview of important standards for high-quality social scientific research.
Research Methods
The document provides an overview of research methodology concepts for business research. It discusses various stages of the research process including formulating the research problem, literature review, developing hypotheses, research design, data collection and analysis, and reporting findings. It also defines different types of research such as descriptive research, causal research, and exploratory research. Additionally, it outlines criteria for good research, challenges in research, and the role of research in business decision making.
R m 99
Important : To all EFL special Dip and MA and PHD SS. To be read and discussed next Monday
Regards : Dr. Magdy
Lesson 2 characteristics, purpose and types of research
This document discusses the characteristics, purposes, types and approaches of research. It provides details on qualitative and quantitative research methods. Some key points:
- Research must be accurate, objective, timely, relevant and clear. It should also be systematic.
- The purposes of research include learning independently and scientifically, gaining in-depth knowledge, and improving skills.
- Research can be pure/applied, descriptive/correlational/explanatory/exploratory/action based. It can also use qualitative/quantitative data and primary/secondary sources.
- Qualitative research uses words while quantitative uses numbers. Approaches include scientific, naturalistic, and triangulation.
- Types of qualitative research
Research Designs and Research methods
This document discusses various research methods including descriptive research, case study, and experimental research. Descriptive research aims to examine current situations to establish norms by using methods like surveys. Case study involves an in-depth investigation of a small number of cases like individuals or groups. Experimental research aims to isolate and control conditions to observe the effects of manipulating independent variables on dependent variables.
Lesson 2 characteristics, purpose and types of research
This document provides an overview of research characteristics, purposes, types and approaches. It discusses the following:
- Characteristics of good research include accuracy, objectiveness, timeliness, relevance and clarity. Research should also be systematic.
- The purposes of research include learning independently and scientifically, gaining in-depth knowledge, improving skills, and familiarizing oneself with research tools and techniques.
- Research can be classified based on application (pure vs applied), purpose (descriptive, correlational, explanatory, exploratory, action), data type (qualitative vs quantitative), and approaches (scientific, naturalistic, triangulation).
- Qualitative research uses words rather than numbers while quantitative research uses measurement and statistics
Research methods
This document discusses various research methods and objectives that can be achieved through research. It describes 8 main objectives: 1) categorize, 2) describe, 3) explain, 4) evaluate, 5) compare, 6) correlate, 7) predict, and 8) control. It also outlines different types of research methods including descriptive, comparative, correlational, causal comparative, experimental, case study, phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, and mixed methods. Finally, it discusses various research designs such as historical, descriptive, correlation, comparative, experimental, simulation, evaluation, action, and ethnological.
CORRELATIONAL-RESEARCH.pptx
This document discusses correlational research, which examines relationships between variables without manipulating them. It defines correlational research and describes its non-experimental design, purpose to test associations between variables with limited control, and high external validity. Examples of positive, negative, and no correlations are provided. Characteristics like being non-experimental and backward-looking are outlined. Common data collection methods include surveys, observations, and secondary data. Correlation and regression analyses can quantify and predict relationships between variables, though correlation does not imply causation due to directionality and third variable problems.
Research Methods
This document provides an introduction to research methodology. It discusses the aims of research methodology which are to introduce research, discuss basic issues, and discuss the importance of knowledge management and information systems in business research. It defines research and describes the different types of research including exploratory, descriptive, and causal research. It also discusses the purposes of research in business and the role of research in management decision making.
Rm17 45 1-40
The document discusses action research methodology. It defines action research as a reflective process that aims to address practical problems and improve practices through collaborative research. Key aspects include teachers and school staff systematically studying their own work to answer questions and solve problems, with the goal of improving processes and services. The research is flexible and iterative. It also discusses that action research can be individual or collaborative, and that a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods can be used, including a triangulation of methods to look at a situation from different perspectives.
Survey Correlational Research
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. There are four basic methods of collecting data in survey research: direct to group, email, telephone, and personal interview.
2. We conduct survey research to collect information by asking questions. It allows us to describe characteristics of a population.
3. The purpose of a survey is to collect data that describes one or more characteristics of a specific population. It can be used to learn about people's behaviors, opinions, attitudes, etc.
4. We use correlational research to determine the relationship among two or more variables without manipulating the variables. It allows us to investigate possible relationships between variables.
5. The basic steps in correlational research are: problem selection
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Similar to Types of Research Design.pptx
Research design and methods, Dr. William Kritsonis
This document provides an overview of key concepts in research design and methods. It discusses the purposes of educational research and outlines four crucial steps of the scientific inquiry approach: recognizing a problem, collecting information, analyzing data, and stating results. Both quantitative and qualitative research methods are examined, including their purposes, data collection techniques, and assumptions. Various research designs such as descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative, experimental, and historical research are also summarized. The document concludes with a glossary of research terms.
Research Design and Methodology, Dr. W.A. Kritsonis
Dr. William Allan Kritsonis earned his BA in 1969 from Central Washington University, Ellensburg, Washington. In 1971, he earned his M.Ed. from Seattle Pacific University. In 1976, he earned his PhD from the University of Iowa. In 1981, he was a Visiting Scholar at Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, and in 1987 was a Visiting Scholar at Stanford University, Palo Alto, California.
In June 2008, Dr. Kritsonis received the Doctor of Humane Letters, School of Graduate Studies from Southern Christian University. The ceremony was held at the Hilton Hotel in New Orleans, Louisiana.
Introduction to research
This document provides an overview of research, including definitions of research, the nature and types of business research, and differences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. It discusses scientific research processes and characteristics. The key points are:
- Business research is defined as the systematic and objective process of generating information to aid decision-making. It can describe efforts to investigate and solve specific problems encountered in business settings.
- There are differences between qualitative research, which focuses on depth, meaning and subjectivities, and quantitative research, which relates to numbers that can be quantified.
- Research should be undertaken when time allows, information is inadequate, decisions are important, and research benefits outweigh costs. Ethical considerations like informed consent,
Meaning and types of research
Research is defined as a careful, systematic study of a topic using scientific methods. There are several types of research, including basic research to expand knowledge, applied research to solve practical problems, and qualitative and quantitative research which use different data collection methods. The main purposes of research are exploration to better understand an issue, description to provide more details about current topics, and explanation to understand the impact of changes. Research is important for development and improvement in Tanzania as it can help solve real-life problems, expand knowledge, and validate findings to inform decisions.
Chapter 3 Quantitative Research Designs
Quantitative research designs establish relationships between independent and dependent variables. There are three main types of quantitative research designs: experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental (which includes cross-sectional, longitudinal, and survey designs). Experimental designs deliberately introduce a treatment to observe results, while quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment. Non-experimental designs observe relationships without manipulation.
Research design and methods
This document provides an overview of key concepts in educational research methods. It discusses the purposes of educational research as explaining educational issues and helping to understand, predict, improve, and generate new questions. It also outlines the main steps of scientific inquiry as recognizing a problem, collecting information, analyzing data, and stating implications. The document then distinguishes between basic, applied, and evaluation research. It explains quantitative and qualitative research methods and various research designs including descriptive, correlational, causal-comparative, experimental, and historical. It also discusses sampling techniques, variables and scales of measurement, types of instruments, validity and reliability, and statistical analysis methods.
LECTURE ON QUALITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGN.pdf
This document provides an overview of qualitative research design. It discusses that qualitative research aims to understand phenomena through interpretation rather than description. It involves analyzing people's interactions in context. The document outlines three common qualitative research designs: explanatory design which builds theories to explain events, interpretive design which enhances understanding, and critical research which aims to change beliefs and actions. It also discusses common qualitative data collection methods like observation, participation, interviews, and document analysis.
Lesson 3
The document discusses different types of research categorized by purpose, process, and outcome. Research can be descriptive, analytical, exploratory, or predictive depending on its purpose. The process of research determines whether it is qualitative or quantitative. Finally, the outcome separates research into applied/action research which solves practical problems, or fundamental/basic research which develops theories. Exploratory research aims to gain insights into problems through preliminary studies, while qualitative research uses methods like interviews to understand human behaviors and emotions.
Lesson 2
The document discusses different types of research categorized by purpose, process, and outcome. Research can be descriptive, analytical, exploratory, or predictive depending on its purpose. The process of research determines whether it is qualitative or quantitative. Finally, the outcome separates research into applied/action research which solves practical problems, or fundamental/basic research which develops theories. Exploratory research aims to gain insights into problems, while qualitative research uses words and narratives over numbers.
Criteria in social research
This document discusses key criteria for evaluating social research: validity, reliability, causality, and replication. It defines each concept and provides examples. Validity ensures research measures what it intends to measure through constructs like internal, external, and ecological validity. Reliability ensures consistency in measures over time and between observers. Causality looks for precedence between variables and correlation not due to other factors. Replication requires explicitly detailing procedures to allow others to reproduce results and ensure objectivity. The document provides an overview of important standards for high-quality social scientific research.
Research Methods
The document provides an overview of research methodology concepts for business research. It discusses various stages of the research process including formulating the research problem, literature review, developing hypotheses, research design, data collection and analysis, and reporting findings. It also defines different types of research such as descriptive research, causal research, and exploratory research. Additionally, it outlines criteria for good research, challenges in research, and the role of research in business decision making.
R m 99
Important : To all EFL special Dip and MA and PHD SS. To be read and discussed next Monday
Regards : Dr. Magdy
Lesson 2 characteristics, purpose and types of research
This document discusses the characteristics, purposes, types and approaches of research. It provides details on qualitative and quantitative research methods. Some key points:
- Research must be accurate, objective, timely, relevant and clear. It should also be systematic.
- The purposes of research include learning independently and scientifically, gaining in-depth knowledge, and improving skills.
- Research can be pure/applied, descriptive/correlational/explanatory/exploratory/action based. It can also use qualitative/quantitative data and primary/secondary sources.
- Qualitative research uses words while quantitative uses numbers. Approaches include scientific, naturalistic, and triangulation.
- Types of qualitative research
Research Designs and Research methods
This document discusses various research methods including descriptive research, case study, and experimental research. Descriptive research aims to examine current situations to establish norms by using methods like surveys. Case study involves an in-depth investigation of a small number of cases like individuals or groups. Experimental research aims to isolate and control conditions to observe the effects of manipulating independent variables on dependent variables.
Lesson 2 characteristics, purpose and types of research
This document provides an overview of research characteristics, purposes, types and approaches. It discusses the following:
- Characteristics of good research include accuracy, objectiveness, timeliness, relevance and clarity. Research should also be systematic.
- The purposes of research include learning independently and scientifically, gaining in-depth knowledge, improving skills, and familiarizing oneself with research tools and techniques.
- Research can be classified based on application (pure vs applied), purpose (descriptive, correlational, explanatory, exploratory, action), data type (qualitative vs quantitative), and approaches (scientific, naturalistic, triangulation).
- Qualitative research uses words rather than numbers while quantitative research uses measurement and statistics
Research methods
This document discusses various research methods and objectives that can be achieved through research. It describes 8 main objectives: 1) categorize, 2) describe, 3) explain, 4) evaluate, 5) compare, 6) correlate, 7) predict, and 8) control. It also outlines different types of research methods including descriptive, comparative, correlational, causal comparative, experimental, case study, phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, and mixed methods. Finally, it discusses various research designs such as historical, descriptive, correlation, comparative, experimental, simulation, evaluation, action, and ethnological.
CORRELATIONAL-RESEARCH.pptx
This document discusses correlational research, which examines relationships between variables without manipulating them. It defines correlational research and describes its non-experimental design, purpose to test associations between variables with limited control, and high external validity. Examples of positive, negative, and no correlations are provided. Characteristics like being non-experimental and backward-looking are outlined. Common data collection methods include surveys, observations, and secondary data. Correlation and regression analyses can quantify and predict relationships between variables, though correlation does not imply causation due to directionality and third variable problems.
Research Methods
This document provides an introduction to research methodology. It discusses the aims of research methodology which are to introduce research, discuss basic issues, and discuss the importance of knowledge management and information systems in business research. It defines research and describes the different types of research including exploratory, descriptive, and causal research. It also discusses the purposes of research in business and the role of research in management decision making.
Rm17 45 1-40
The document discusses action research methodology. It defines action research as a reflective process that aims to address practical problems and improve practices through collaborative research. Key aspects include teachers and school staff systematically studying their own work to answer questions and solve problems, with the goal of improving processes and services. The research is flexible and iterative. It also discusses that action research can be individual or collaborative, and that a variety of qualitative and quantitative methods can be used, including a triangulation of methods to look at a situation from different perspectives.
Survey Correlational Research
Here are the answers to your questions:
1. There are four basic methods of collecting data in survey research: direct to group, email, telephone, and personal interview.
2. We conduct survey research to collect information by asking questions. It allows us to describe characteristics of a population.
3. The purpose of a survey is to collect data that describes one or more characteristics of a specific population. It can be used to learn about people's behaviors, opinions, attitudes, etc.
4. We use correlational research to determine the relationship among two or more variables without manipulating the variables. It allows us to investigate possible relationships between variables.
5. The basic steps in correlational research are: problem selection
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Research design and methods, Dr. William Kritsonis
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Types of Research Design.pptx
- 1. thoughts on a subject to further explore their theories. The study explains unexplored aspects of a subject and details the research questions’ what, how, and why.
- 2. This design has three parts of the research: Inception of the issue Diagnosis of the issue Solution for the issue
- 3. • means a negative relationship between the two variables. • 4. Diagnostic research: In diagnostic design, the researcher is looking to evaluate the underlying cause of a specific topic or phenomenon. This method helps one learn more about the factors that create troublesome situations.
- 4. • A correlation coefficient determines the correlation between two variables whose values range between -1 and +1. If the correlation coefficient is towards +1, it indicates a positive relationship between the variables, and -1
- 5. • Correlational research: Correlational research is a non-experimental research technique. It helps researchers establish a relationship between two closely connected variables. There is no assumption while evaluating a relationship between two other variables, and statistical analysis techniques calculate the relationship between them. This type of research requires two different groups.
- 7. • The independent variables are manipulated to monitor the change it has on the dependent variable. Social sciences often use it to observe human behavior by analyzing two groups. Researchers can have participants change their actions and study how the people around them react to understand social psychology better.
- 8. • Descriptive: In a descriptive composition, a researcher is solely interested in describing the situation or case under their research study. It is a theory-based design method created by gathering, analyzing, and presenting collected data. This allows a researcher to provide insights into the why and how of research. Descriptive design helps others better understand the need for the research. If the problem statement is not clear, you can conduct exploratory research.
- 9. • Quantitative research • It is for cases where statistical conclusions to collect actionable insights are essential. Numbers provide a better perspective for making critical business decisions. Quantitative research methods are necessary for the growth of any organization. Insights drawn from complex numerical data and analysis prove to be highly effective when making decisions about the business’s future.