The document discusses various type approaches to personality, highlighting methods used by different psychologists to classify individuals based on traits and behaviors. It includes historical perspectives, such as Hippocrates' humoral theory, and theories from figures like Ernst Kretschmer, William Sheldon, and Carl Jung, each of whom proposed their own classifications. Additionally, it mentions John Lewis Holland's career development model, which categorizes people into six occupational types based on their interests and values.

1. TYPE
APPROACHES
PRESENTERS:
JHAVIE LABACLADO
RAZAN CRUZ
KRIZELDA VICTORIANO

2. • Are methods of classifying and understanding
individuals based on distinct types or categories of
personality, behavior or mental processes.
• Sorting people into different categories to understand
and predict behaviors and characteristics.
• Sometimes critiqued for oversimplifying the
complexity of human personalities.
what is type
approaches?

3. • Greek physician and regarded as the “Father of Medicine”.
• Earliest attempt to categorize personality.
• Has naturalistic explanations of mental illness.
• Proposed that imbalances in bodily fluids could affect
mental health.
• Laid the groundwork for later developments in both
medicine and psychology.
HIPPOCRATES
The humoral theory
This theory explains that each of the 4 humors was a result of an excess of one of the 4 bodily fluids.
The excess amount of fluids determines a person’s character. The 4 humors included choleric (yellow
bile), melancholic (black bile), sanguine (blood) and phlegmatic (phlegm).
1.Sanguine—cheerful, vigorous, confidently optimistic
2.Melancholic—depressed, moron
3.Choleric—hot tempered, irritable
4.Phlegmatic—slow moving, calm, unexcitable.
.

4. • German psychologist and psychiatrist.
• Renowned for his contributions to the study of
personality and mental disorders.
• Known for his work on the relationship between
body type and personality.
ernst
kretschmer
His theory initiated scientific investigations and
attempted to correlate physique and characteristics.
From his study of mental patients he found that
certain body types are associated with some
particular types of mental disorders.

5. 01.
02.
03.
04.
Such individuals are short,
rounded and associated with
manic depression, and have
the personality traits of
extroverts.
pyknic body type
asthenic body type
These people will have a slender
or slim body. They will have the
personality traits of introverts.
These people are more prone to
suffer from a serious mental
disorder called Schizophrenia.
athletic body type
Such individuals have a strong
body built, they are energetic
and aggressive, strong,
determined, adventurous and
balanced. They are normally
associated with MDP.
dysplastic body type
Such individuals have un-proportionate
body parts and do not belong to any of
the three types mentioned above (this
disproportion is due to hormonal
imbalance). Just as the body is un-
proportionate, their behavior and
personality are also imbalanced.

6. • American psychologist and physician
who was best known for his theory
associating physique, personality, and
delinquency.
• He was influenced by the pragmatism
of American philosopher and
psychologist William James
• Constructed a classification system that
associated physiology and psychology.
William sheldon
Sheldon proposed a
theory of personality
correlating temperament
and Body Type

7. body
types
ectomor
ph
mesomor
ph
endomor
ph
01.
02.
03.
These people will have soft,
fat and round body, having
predominance of abdominal
region. They are sociable and
relaxed (can be compared to
pyknic type).
These are the people who are tall,
thin and flat chested, having the
skin, bones and neural structure
predominantly. They are shy,
reserved and self-conscious (can
be compared with asthenic type).
These people are well built
with heavy and strong muscles
appear predominantly. They are
physically active, noisy,
adventurous by nature (can be
compared to athletic type).
He Has devided people into three(3)
types:
ENDOM
ORPH:
Ectomor
ph:
Mesomo
rph:

8. • Swiss psychologist and psychiatrist who
founded analytical psychology.
• Proposed and developed the concepts of the
extraverted and the introverted personality,
archetypes, and the collective unconscious.
Carl Gustav
jung
Eight Personality Types
The Personality Type Theory of Carl Jung was
founded in his ideas on what attitude means. For
Jung, attitude is a person’s predisposition to act
in a certain manner. He said that there are two
contrasting attitudes- extroversion and
introversion, which are often depicted as the
classic yin-yang symbolism.

9. Function Attitude
Extrovert (Objective)
Introvert
(Subjective)
Feeling
Comfortable in social
circumstances and give opinions
based on social norms, values and
generally accepted beliefs
Often defies social norms of
thinking and speaks of
internally-established beliefs
Thinking
Learns abstract concepts that Interprets environmental
• The first function is “feeling”, which is when a person recognizes the worth of conscious activities.
• The second one is “thinking”, which makes a person learn the meaning of something.
• The third one is “sensation”, which allows the person to know that a particular thing exists.
• The last one is “intuition”, which gives him knowledge about something without having a conscious
understanding of where that knowledge originated.
the four functions of personality

10. Sensing
Recognizes the world just the
way it is and gives
perceptions in a matter-of-
fact manner
Views the world based on
internal reflections and
own attitudes
INTUITIVE
Perceives things based on
what society dictates,
disregarding the
perceptions brought about
by his senses
Greatly influenced by internal
drives although he doesn’t
have a full understanding of
these motivations
When these 4 functions are combined with one of the two
types of attitudes, the result would be eight varying types of
personality.

11. Eduard
Spranger
• German philosopher, pedagogue, and
psychologist who is a respected writer,
not only in psychology, philosophy, and
education, but also in political and
cultural studies and is well known for his
influential monograph on personality
psychology and its connection to ethics
• in his book “Types Of Man” described six
types of man: theoretical type, economic
type, aesthetic types, social type, political
type, and religious type

12. THEORETICAL TYPE
-They are seekers of truth.
- through reason and logic
ECONOMIC TYPE
-They are basically utilitarian
- practicality and their economic value
AESTHETIC TYPE
- These people are lovers of nature
and beauty.
- form and harmony and believe in
making life attractive and charming
SOCIAL TYPE
- such people are gregarious, like to
mingle with people in social
gatherings
POLITICAL TYPE
- These are people who value power
and influence
RELIGIOUS TYPE
-this type of person lays emphasis on
the unity of cosmos

13. John Lewis
Holland
• American psychologist and Professor Emeritus of
Sociology at Johns Hopkins University.
• The creator of the career development model,
Holland Occupational Themes, commonly known
as the Holland Codes.
• Personality is a combination of interests, values
and competencies.
• He classified people into 6 types: Realistic type,
‌
Investigative Type, Artistic Type, ‌
Social Type,
‌
Enterprising Type, and ‌
Conventional Type

14. - these are practical person
who can make things and
operate machinery and
many complex
instruments
- these are basically
scientists, researchers and
such other highly creative
and innovative persons
- they are skilled in
designing, creating new and
innovative structures,
artistic in their approach
and they are excellent in
decoration
-they like to work for
others and being
relief to people in
distress
- they are people who want to
contribute to the society or to
their business
- they are the ones who take
risks and are ready to take a
challenge
- these are people who are
traditional in their approach.
-they go by rules and
regulations and will expect
others to follow the same
realistic type investigative
type
artistic type
social type
enterprising
type conventional
type

15. Thank
you very
much