The document discusses various types of embellishment techniques used in garment construction including tucks, pleats, gathers, shirring, ruffles, plackets, fasteners, pockets, and necklines. It provides descriptions and instructions for different styles of each technique such as pin tucks, box pleats, patch pockets, v-necklines, and more. Examples and diagrams are included to illustrate the various embellishment methods.
Knit fragments dating back to 250 BC
◦
Compared to 9,000 years for wovens
y
Introduced to Europe by the Arabs
◦
Did not gain popularity until around 1,000 AD
DART MANIPULATION ALLOWS ONE TO MOVE DART FROM ITS ORIGINAL POSITION TO A NEW POSITION IN THE SLOPER.
THIS SLIDE TEACHES STEP BY STEP WITH ILLUSTRATIONS HOW TO MOVE DARTS USING BOTH THE SLASH AND SPREAD METHOD AND PIVOT METHOD.
This document defines seams and stitches used in sewing and provides examples of each. It is divided into two main sections. The first section defines and provides examples of different types of seams, including super-imposed seams, lapped seams, bound seams, flat seams, decorative seams, and edge neatening seams. The second section defines and provides examples of different types of stitches, classifying them into six categories: chain stitches, hand stitches, lock stitches, multi-thread chain stitches, over-edge stitches, and covering chain stitches. Each category contains further sub-types and details on their construction and applications.
The presentation discusses nonwoven fabrics. Nonwoven fabrics are produced directly from fibers through processes like mechanical, thermal or chemical bonding without forming yarns. This eliminates the yarn production steps of woven fabrics. There are two main stages in nonwoven production - web formation to lay fibers and bonding systems to bind fibers. Common bonding methods include chemical bonding using binders, thermal bonding using heat and pressure, and mechanical bonding using needle punching or hydroentanglement. Nonwoven fabrics have a wide range of applications including home furnishings, packaging, personal care, medical and more.
This presentation summarizes three basic weaves: plain weave, twill weave, and satin/sateen weave. It provides details on the characteristics, modifications, and end uses of each weave type. The presentation was given by three students for their course coordinator and included sections on plain weave and its derivatives like warp rib and weft rib weaves. Twill weave and its various forms like diamond, broken, and elongated twills were also explained. Finally, the presentation covered satin and sateen weaves, their classifications as warp or weft faced, and their applications in various textile products.
Pattern grading is the process of adjusting a base size pattern to create additional sizes. This can be done manually or digitally. There are three main grading methods: cut and spread, pattern shifting, and computer grading. Grading determines how garments will fit across different sizes and allows targeting a range of customers. It involves systematically increasing or decreasing key measurements according to established grading rules. Proper grading is essential for effective apparel manufacturing.
There are several types of pleats that are used in clothing and upholstery to gather fabric. The main types are accordion pleats, knife pleats, box pleats, and inverted pleats. Pleats add extra room and allow fabric to move, gathering a wide piece of fabric into a narrower space. Their main purpose is functionality - pleats allow for more freedom of movement and prevent tightening and creasing, especially in areas like the hips when sitting. Pleats can be found on many different garments and accessories.
Knit fragments dating back to 250 BC
◦
Compared to 9,000 years for wovens
y
Introduced to Europe by the Arabs
◦
Did not gain popularity until around 1,000 AD
DART MANIPULATION ALLOWS ONE TO MOVE DART FROM ITS ORIGINAL POSITION TO A NEW POSITION IN THE SLOPER.
THIS SLIDE TEACHES STEP BY STEP WITH ILLUSTRATIONS HOW TO MOVE DARTS USING BOTH THE SLASH AND SPREAD METHOD AND PIVOT METHOD.
This document defines seams and stitches used in sewing and provides examples of each. It is divided into two main sections. The first section defines and provides examples of different types of seams, including super-imposed seams, lapped seams, bound seams, flat seams, decorative seams, and edge neatening seams. The second section defines and provides examples of different types of stitches, classifying them into six categories: chain stitches, hand stitches, lock stitches, multi-thread chain stitches, over-edge stitches, and covering chain stitches. Each category contains further sub-types and details on their construction and applications.
The presentation discusses nonwoven fabrics. Nonwoven fabrics are produced directly from fibers through processes like mechanical, thermal or chemical bonding without forming yarns. This eliminates the yarn production steps of woven fabrics. There are two main stages in nonwoven production - web formation to lay fibers and bonding systems to bind fibers. Common bonding methods include chemical bonding using binders, thermal bonding using heat and pressure, and mechanical bonding using needle punching or hydroentanglement. Nonwoven fabrics have a wide range of applications including home furnishings, packaging, personal care, medical and more.
This presentation summarizes three basic weaves: plain weave, twill weave, and satin/sateen weave. It provides details on the characteristics, modifications, and end uses of each weave type. The presentation was given by three students for their course coordinator and included sections on plain weave and its derivatives like warp rib and weft rib weaves. Twill weave and its various forms like diamond, broken, and elongated twills were also explained. Finally, the presentation covered satin and sateen weaves, their classifications as warp or weft faced, and their applications in various textile products.
Pattern grading is the process of adjusting a base size pattern to create additional sizes. This can be done manually or digitally. There are three main grading methods: cut and spread, pattern shifting, and computer grading. Grading determines how garments will fit across different sizes and allows targeting a range of customers. It involves systematically increasing or decreasing key measurements according to established grading rules. Proper grading is essential for effective apparel manufacturing.
There are several types of pleats that are used in clothing and upholstery to gather fabric. The main types are accordion pleats, knife pleats, box pleats, and inverted pleats. Pleats add extra room and allow fabric to move, gathering a wide piece of fabric into a narrower space. Their main purpose is functionality - pleats allow for more freedom of movement and prevent tightening and creasing, especially in areas like the hips when sitting. Pleats can be found on many different garments and accessories.
The document discusses various aspects of fabric spreading including types of spreads, spreading methods, quality considerations, and equipment used. It describes manual spreading using two people versus semi-automatic spreading carriages. Automatic spreaders can load fabric rolls, control tension, and cut fabric ends automatically. Quality depends on defects, tension, flatness, ply alignment, and static electricity. Setup involves preparing orders, tables, and machines. Spreading surfaces include pin tables, vacuum tables, and air flotation tables. Control devices manage tension while positioning devices monitor alignment. End treatment devices catch or cut fabric at the ends.
The document defines various terms related to patternmaking including parts of a garment like the bodice and waistline. It also covers patternmaking techniques such as draping, drafting, notches, and seam allowances. Finally, it discusses drafting a skirt from measurements including measuring the waist, hip, and half hip circumference of a dress form.
Three kinds of marker modes popular in the spreading and cutting departments of the garment industry are utilized to prepare smaller markers of a selected garment, the marker efficiency of each marker-replica is calculated.
This presentation discusses different types of seams, including 8 seam classes. It begins by defining a seam as the line where fabric layers are joined, which can be done through sewing or other methods. Key points include:
- Seam classes include superimposed, lapped, bound, flat, decorative, edge finishing, applied, and other seams.
- Different seam types are used for functional or aesthetic purposes and are defined by factors like strength, elasticity, durability, and comfort levels.
- Seam quality is measured by parameters such as size, slippage strength, and strength to break the seam or materials.
- Examples are given of common seam types like superimposed and lapped
This document discusses different types of seams used in garment construction. It begins by defining a seam as a method of joining two pieces of fabric together. There are several types of seams that are used for different purposes, including plain seams, double top seams, French seams, flat fell seams, welt seams, lapped seams, and piped and slot seams. Each seam type is described in terms of how it is constructed and what types of fabrics it is best suited for. Seams are an essential element of garment construction as they join fabric pieces together to create finished garments and accessories.
Here is a complete discription for students who are studying initial stages of Weaving
Thet may be able to understand the different types of Looms and End product from these Looms
This document discusses different types of seams used in garment construction. It begins by defining a seam as the place where two pieces of fabric are joined together with stitches. It then provides details on 7 common types of seams - superimposed seam, lapped seam, bound seam, flat seam, decorative seam, edge neatening seam, and a seam similar to a lapped seam. For each seam type, it provides a definition and examples of typical usages. It concludes by discussing best practices for seams and factors that can affect the appearance of a seam.
The document discusses various types of decorative woven fabrics including plain weave, twill weave, fancy weaves, pile fabrics, leno weave, crepe weave, double cloth weaves, and slack tension weaves. It provides examples of each type of weave and describes their distinguishing characteristics and production methods. Complex weaves like jacquard, brocade, and damask use additional warp or filling yarns to create intricate patterns in the fabric structure.
This document discusses the basics of pattern making for garments. It states that pattern making is an art that involves manipulating flat fabric pieces to conform to the human body. A good pattern is important for translating designs into properly fitting garments. The key methods of pattern making are drafting using measurements, draping fabric on a form, and flat pattern making using a basic sloper pattern. Modern software tools now help automate and simplify the pattern making process. Accurate measurements and a well-fitted sloper remain essential foundations for successful pattern making.
The document discusses different types of looms used in weaving fabrics. It describes primitive looms like the vertical loom and pit loom. It then covers the development of powered looms using various energy sources like water, steam, diesel and electricity. The key components and motions of looms are explained, including shedding mechanisms like tappet, dobby and jacquard shedding. Tappet shedding is discussed in detail, outlining its working principle, advantages and limitations.
This presentation was made to have an elaborate sense of fabric spreading. Different types of fabric spreading and the pros and cons of different fabric spreading is illustrated into the presentation.
The document discusses various methods of fabric cutting used in the garment industry. It describes the key steps in the fabric cutting process and requirements for accurate cutting. Several cutting methods are outlined, including manual cutting with scissors or power knives, as well as computerized cutting using knives, lasers, water jets, or plasma torches. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are provided.
This document discusses various types of knitted fabrics. It begins by explaining that knitting involves interlocking loops of yarn or thread to form cloth or crafts. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting uses horizontal yarn fed into needles, while warp knitting uses vertical yarn loops. Specific weft knits discussed include single jersey, purl, rib, and interlock stitches. Warp knits highlighted are tricot, raschel, and milanese. The document also briefly touches on technical textiles, seamless technology, float plating technology, 3D fabrics, and knitting machines used.
Pattern making is the process of creating paper patterns that are then used to produce garments. It involves manipulating flat pieces of fabric or paper to conform to the three-dimensional shapes of the human body. Traditionally, pattern makers would carefully craft custom patterns for individual clients. With industrialization, standardized sizing became important for ready-to-wear clothing production. Today, computer software allows for faster, more accurate pattern design and grading for various sizes. The flat pattern method remains widely used in ready-to-wear fashion due to its speed and precision. Core tools for pattern makers include large-scale paper, rulers, pins, and measuring tapes.
The document traces the history and development of the sewing machine from its earliest inventions in the late 18th century to modern computer-controlled machines. Key developments include the first patent for a sewing machine design by Thomas Saint in 1791; the lock stitch invention by Walter Hunt in 1833; Isaac Singer's invention of the rotary sewing machine in 1851, which combined elements of prior machines; and the introduction of the first electric sewing machines by Singer in 1889. The document provides details on various stitch types and their classifications, including lock stitch, chain stitch, and cover stitch. It discusses the applications and advantages of different stitch techniques.
This document defines key terminology used in garment draping. It provides concise definitions for over 50 terms related to processes like cutting, pinning, slashing and marking fabric during pattern development. Some key terms defined include drape, trueing, grain, notch, dart, ease, style line, and vanishing point. The document serves as a reference for understanding the specialized language of draping garments on dress forms or models.
Knitting is a process of making fabric by interlocking loops of yarn. It can be done by hand or machine, and involves pulling loops of yarn through previous loops to form the fabric. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting and warp knitting, which differ based on the direction the yarn moves during knitting. Weft knitting uses yarn that moves across the fabric, while warp knitting uses yarn that moves in the lengthwise direction of fabric formation. Knitted fabrics are used widely in apparel and technical textiles due to properties like stretchability, shape retention, and moisture absorption.
Garment Design & Construction 1 - Trouser BlockVirtu Institute
1) The document provides step-by-step instructions for creating a trouser pattern block from an existing skirt block using body measurements and ease allowances.
2) Key steps include drawing construction lines, extending the crutch line based on thigh measurements, adding depth to the back block to fit the bottom, and notching and fitting a sample to test the pattern.
3) Adjustments are made to the crutch line extensions, side seams, darts and back depth as needed to achieve a perfect fitting trouser block pattern.
This document discusses various types of seams and stitches used in garment construction. It begins by defining what a seam is and explaining factors to consider when choosing seams. It then provides details on 18 specific seam types, including plain seams, lapped seams, French seams, and flat felled seams. It also covers stitch per inch guidelines and 8 classes of seams as defined by British standards. In summary, the document serves as a guide to the different seams and stitches used in apparel manufacturing.
fullness in garment ( tuck dart pleats etc)Ragu Nathan
Sewing. to make full, as by gathering or pleating. to bring (the cloth) on one side of a seam to a little greater fullness than on the other by gathering or tucking very slightly.
The document discusses various aspects of fabric spreading including types of spreads, spreading methods, quality considerations, and equipment used. It describes manual spreading using two people versus semi-automatic spreading carriages. Automatic spreaders can load fabric rolls, control tension, and cut fabric ends automatically. Quality depends on defects, tension, flatness, ply alignment, and static electricity. Setup involves preparing orders, tables, and machines. Spreading surfaces include pin tables, vacuum tables, and air flotation tables. Control devices manage tension while positioning devices monitor alignment. End treatment devices catch or cut fabric at the ends.
The document defines various terms related to patternmaking including parts of a garment like the bodice and waistline. It also covers patternmaking techniques such as draping, drafting, notches, and seam allowances. Finally, it discusses drafting a skirt from measurements including measuring the waist, hip, and half hip circumference of a dress form.
Three kinds of marker modes popular in the spreading and cutting departments of the garment industry are utilized to prepare smaller markers of a selected garment, the marker efficiency of each marker-replica is calculated.
This presentation discusses different types of seams, including 8 seam classes. It begins by defining a seam as the line where fabric layers are joined, which can be done through sewing or other methods. Key points include:
- Seam classes include superimposed, lapped, bound, flat, decorative, edge finishing, applied, and other seams.
- Different seam types are used for functional or aesthetic purposes and are defined by factors like strength, elasticity, durability, and comfort levels.
- Seam quality is measured by parameters such as size, slippage strength, and strength to break the seam or materials.
- Examples are given of common seam types like superimposed and lapped
This document discusses different types of seams used in garment construction. It begins by defining a seam as a method of joining two pieces of fabric together. There are several types of seams that are used for different purposes, including plain seams, double top seams, French seams, flat fell seams, welt seams, lapped seams, and piped and slot seams. Each seam type is described in terms of how it is constructed and what types of fabrics it is best suited for. Seams are an essential element of garment construction as they join fabric pieces together to create finished garments and accessories.
Here is a complete discription for students who are studying initial stages of Weaving
Thet may be able to understand the different types of Looms and End product from these Looms
This document discusses different types of seams used in garment construction. It begins by defining a seam as the place where two pieces of fabric are joined together with stitches. It then provides details on 7 common types of seams - superimposed seam, lapped seam, bound seam, flat seam, decorative seam, edge neatening seam, and a seam similar to a lapped seam. For each seam type, it provides a definition and examples of typical usages. It concludes by discussing best practices for seams and factors that can affect the appearance of a seam.
The document discusses various types of decorative woven fabrics including plain weave, twill weave, fancy weaves, pile fabrics, leno weave, crepe weave, double cloth weaves, and slack tension weaves. It provides examples of each type of weave and describes their distinguishing characteristics and production methods. Complex weaves like jacquard, brocade, and damask use additional warp or filling yarns to create intricate patterns in the fabric structure.
This document discusses the basics of pattern making for garments. It states that pattern making is an art that involves manipulating flat fabric pieces to conform to the human body. A good pattern is important for translating designs into properly fitting garments. The key methods of pattern making are drafting using measurements, draping fabric on a form, and flat pattern making using a basic sloper pattern. Modern software tools now help automate and simplify the pattern making process. Accurate measurements and a well-fitted sloper remain essential foundations for successful pattern making.
The document discusses different types of looms used in weaving fabrics. It describes primitive looms like the vertical loom and pit loom. It then covers the development of powered looms using various energy sources like water, steam, diesel and electricity. The key components and motions of looms are explained, including shedding mechanisms like tappet, dobby and jacquard shedding. Tappet shedding is discussed in detail, outlining its working principle, advantages and limitations.
This presentation was made to have an elaborate sense of fabric spreading. Different types of fabric spreading and the pros and cons of different fabric spreading is illustrated into the presentation.
The document discusses various methods of fabric cutting used in the garment industry. It describes the key steps in the fabric cutting process and requirements for accurate cutting. Several cutting methods are outlined, including manual cutting with scissors or power knives, as well as computerized cutting using knives, lasers, water jets, or plasma torches. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are provided.
This document discusses various types of knitted fabrics. It begins by explaining that knitting involves interlocking loops of yarn or thread to form cloth or crafts. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting uses horizontal yarn fed into needles, while warp knitting uses vertical yarn loops. Specific weft knits discussed include single jersey, purl, rib, and interlock stitches. Warp knits highlighted are tricot, raschel, and milanese. The document also briefly touches on technical textiles, seamless technology, float plating technology, 3D fabrics, and knitting machines used.
Pattern making is the process of creating paper patterns that are then used to produce garments. It involves manipulating flat pieces of fabric or paper to conform to the three-dimensional shapes of the human body. Traditionally, pattern makers would carefully craft custom patterns for individual clients. With industrialization, standardized sizing became important for ready-to-wear clothing production. Today, computer software allows for faster, more accurate pattern design and grading for various sizes. The flat pattern method remains widely used in ready-to-wear fashion due to its speed and precision. Core tools for pattern makers include large-scale paper, rulers, pins, and measuring tapes.
The document traces the history and development of the sewing machine from its earliest inventions in the late 18th century to modern computer-controlled machines. Key developments include the first patent for a sewing machine design by Thomas Saint in 1791; the lock stitch invention by Walter Hunt in 1833; Isaac Singer's invention of the rotary sewing machine in 1851, which combined elements of prior machines; and the introduction of the first electric sewing machines by Singer in 1889. The document provides details on various stitch types and their classifications, including lock stitch, chain stitch, and cover stitch. It discusses the applications and advantages of different stitch techniques.
This document defines key terminology used in garment draping. It provides concise definitions for over 50 terms related to processes like cutting, pinning, slashing and marking fabric during pattern development. Some key terms defined include drape, trueing, grain, notch, dart, ease, style line, and vanishing point. The document serves as a reference for understanding the specialized language of draping garments on dress forms or models.
Knitting is a process of making fabric by interlocking loops of yarn. It can be done by hand or machine, and involves pulling loops of yarn through previous loops to form the fabric. There are two main types of knitting: weft knitting and warp knitting, which differ based on the direction the yarn moves during knitting. Weft knitting uses yarn that moves across the fabric, while warp knitting uses yarn that moves in the lengthwise direction of fabric formation. Knitted fabrics are used widely in apparel and technical textiles due to properties like stretchability, shape retention, and moisture absorption.
Garment Design & Construction 1 - Trouser BlockVirtu Institute
1) The document provides step-by-step instructions for creating a trouser pattern block from an existing skirt block using body measurements and ease allowances.
2) Key steps include drawing construction lines, extending the crutch line based on thigh measurements, adding depth to the back block to fit the bottom, and notching and fitting a sample to test the pattern.
3) Adjustments are made to the crutch line extensions, side seams, darts and back depth as needed to achieve a perfect fitting trouser block pattern.
This document discusses various types of seams and stitches used in garment construction. It begins by defining what a seam is and explaining factors to consider when choosing seams. It then provides details on 18 specific seam types, including plain seams, lapped seams, French seams, and flat felled seams. It also covers stitch per inch guidelines and 8 classes of seams as defined by British standards. In summary, the document serves as a guide to the different seams and stitches used in apparel manufacturing.
fullness in garment ( tuck dart pleats etc)Ragu Nathan
Sewing. to make full, as by gathering or pleating. to bring (the cloth) on one side of a seam to a little greater fullness than on the other by gathering or tucking very slightly.
The document discusses various topics related to advanced garment manufacturing including:
1) The three main divisions of apparel manufacturers - design, production, and sales. All divisions work together to design, produce, and sell clothing.
2) The design process and responsibilities of fashion designers which includes producing concepts, making sketches, developing patterns, overseeing production, and analyzing trends.
3) The different types of seams used in garment construction like plain seams, French seams, and decorative stitched seams. It also discusses techniques for adding fullness like darts, tucks, pleats and gathers.
4) Sequential operations in garment construction and the various classes of seams
This document defines and describes various terms related to garment construction and patternmaking. It provides definitions for terms like allowance, applique, back tacking, basic block, bar tack, bundle, center front line, center back line, crotch cord, crease, dart, dummy, gathering, grading, grain line, hem, lapel, lay, pleat, piping, and underlining. These terms are used to describe techniques, measurements, parts of patterns and garments.
This document is a project report submitted by Geeta Kumari, a student of fashion design, on the topic of garment technology. The report provides information on different types of seams and stitches, including definitions and examples. It discusses plain seams, lapped seams, French seams, flat felled seams, and more. It also covers topics like stitch per inch, classes of stitches, types of seams including superimposed seams, lapped seams, and bound seams. The report was submitted to fulfill requirements for Geeta Kumari's two-year diploma in fashion design.
The document provides an introduction and overview of basic hand stitches for sewing, dividing them into temporary stitches used for construction like basting, and permanent stitches like running stitch, backstitch, and slipstitch; it then describes various temporary and permanent stitch types in detail, including how to execute them and their common uses.
Tecnology of textile manufacturing sunilsuniltalekar1
This document summarizes different types of knitted fabrics and their key characteristics. It discusses the differences between knitted and woven fabrics, and then describes various knitting stitches and the fabrics they produce, including jersey/flat, purl, rib, interlock, double knit, warp knit, tricot and more. It provides details on each type of knit fabric like construction, appearance, common uses and variations.
Pleats are folds of fabric that are sewn in place at the top edge of skirts and trousers to add fullness or ease.
Pleats can be partially sewn down inside the fold, edgestitched (page link) on the surface or simply folded with the fold secured in a crossing seam and allowed to hang freely. Press pleats along the fold for a crisp look or leave them unpressed to create soft folds. Pleats can be sewn with an underlay fabric hidden beneath the pleat so when the pleat opens up, the contrast fabric is revealed. Sew pleats in groups or pairs, sew one single pleat or make pleats across the entire width of a skirt. There are different types of pleats, including box pleats, knife pleats and inverted pleats. The fabric is folded differently for each type of pleat, but they are sewn in the same manner.
This document provides definitions for over 100 common sewing terms. It includes terms related to fabrics like grain, selvage, and fiber content. It also defines various sewing techniques such as hemming, gathering, notching, and pressing. Machine stitches like straight stitch and zigzag stitch are explained as well as hand sewing tools including needles, thread, pins, and shears. Garment elements such as facings, linings, and plackets are defined.
Weft knitting is a method of knitting fabric where loops are formed horizontally from a single yarn. There are several types of weft knitted fabrics including plain knits, purl knits, interlock knits, and rib knits. Plain knits have different face and back sides while rib knits have the same appearance on both sides due to the use of two sets of needles forming alternating wales of stitches. Rib knits have excellent stretch widthwise and are heavier, warmer, and more expensive than plain knits. Weft knitting is used to produce various garments and textiles.
The document discusses various methods of patternmaking including drafting, flat paper patternmaking, and draping. It then describes key terms and tools used in patternmaking such as grain lines, darts, seam allowance, notches, and various rulers. Finally, it covers how to accurately take body measurements which are important for obtaining a good fit when constructing garments. The document provides information on the fundamental techniques and terminology used in patternmaking.
The document provides instructions for draping fabric on a dress form to design garments. It discusses preparing the dress form by constructing it using strips of paper molded to the body. It then explains the basic steps of draping, including aligning and anchoring the fabric, clipping excess fabric, and pinning darts. Key areas like the waist, princess seam, and shoulders are marked to transfer the design to the fabric. The overall goal is to manipulate the fabric to obtain perfect fit and harmony for the garment design.
This project report summarizes various classes of stitches and types of seams according to British standards. It discusses stitches per inch guidelines for different fabrics, defines different types of seams like plain, french, and flat felled seams. It also explains 8 classes of stitches - from superimposed and lapped seams to edge neatening and decorative seams. Specific lockstitch, chainstitch and coverstitch formations are also outlined. The report aims to provide information on standard stitches and seams for fashion design students.
This document discusses different types of knit fabrics. There are four main types of fabric: knitted, woven, non-woven, and braided. Knitted fabrics are made by interlocking loops of yarn, with the main types being single jersey, double jersey, rib, interlock, and purl. Woven fabrics interlace warp and weft yarns. Non-woven fabrics use mechanical or chemical bonding without weaving or knitting. Braided fabrics use at least three yarn groups from one set. The document then provides details on specific knitted fabrics, their properties, and common uses.
This document discusses different types of knit fabrics. There are four main types of fabric: knitted, woven, non-woven, and braided. Knitted fabrics are made by interlocking loops of yarn and can be made with one or more yarns. Common knitted fabrics include jersey, rib, interlock, and purl fabrics. Double jersey fabric uses two needles and looks the same on both sides, while single jersey uses one needle and has different appearances on each side. Weft knits are made horizontally with one yarn, while warp knits use multiple yarns looped vertically. Common weft knits include jersey, rib, double knit and pique
This document describes the parts of a sewing machine and different types of seams and tucks. It lists 16 main parts of a sewing machine including the spoon pin, thread guides, tension disc, take up lever, needle bar, and bobbin case. It then describes four types of seams - super imposed, flat, bound, and decorative seams. It provides examples of different tucks including pin tucks, cross tucks, released tucks, and wave tucks. It concludes by listing the fabric requirements to demonstrate examples of seams and tucks.
This document discusses different types of knitting. It begins by explaining the basic process of knitting and different yarns and needles that can be used. It then describes various knitting machines including flat-bed and circular machines. The document focuses on classifying knitting into weft and warp knitting. It provides details on specific knitting stitches like jersey, purl, rib, and interlock. It also discusses characteristics and applications of different knitted fabrics.
This document discusses different types of knitting. It begins by explaining the basic process of knitting and different yarns and needles that can be used. It then describes various types of knitting machines including flat-bed and circular machines. The document focuses on classifying knitting into weft and warp knitting. It provides details on specific knitting stitches like jersey, purl, rib, and interlock. Warp knitting types like tricot, raschel, and milanese are also outlined. Finally, it briefly mentions double knit jacquard knitting machines.
Molds and sewing instructions for the most common baby clothes, like playsuit, dress shirts, overol, tailores moldes pants, elastic waist pants, fitting bodice patterns and hooded sweatshirt sleeveless for child, hooded sweatshirt sleeveless pattern,
Sewing machine is a textile machine used to stitch fabric together with thread. It provides instructions on how to sew a pencil skirt which includes: (1) Sewing the raw edges to prevent raveling; (2) Sewing and pressing darts to shape the waist; (3) Inserting a zipper on the back; (4) Interfacing the waistband for structure and shape; (5) Attaching the waistband to the skirt; (6) Adding a kick pleat for mobility; (7) Hemming the skirt; and (8) Attaching a hook and eye to secure the waistband. The document provides step-by-step guidance on sewing a basic pencil skirt.
RPWORLD offers custom injection molding service to help customers develop products ramping up from prototypeing to end-use production. We can deliver your on-demand parts in as fast as 7 days.
International Upcycling Research Network advisory board meeting 4Kyungeun Sung
Slides used for the International Upcycling Research Network advisory board 4 (last one). The project is based at De Montfort University in Leicester, UK, and funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council.
Best Digital Marketing Strategy Build Your Online Presence 2024.pptxpavankumarpayexelsol
This presentation provides a comprehensive guide to the best digital marketing strategies for 2024, focusing on enhancing your online presence. Key topics include understanding and targeting your audience, building a user-friendly and mobile-responsive website, leveraging the power of social media platforms, optimizing content for search engines, and using email marketing to foster direct engagement. By adopting these strategies, you can increase brand visibility, drive traffic, generate leads, and ultimately boost sales, ensuring your business thrives in the competitive digital landscape.
2. TUCKS
A tuck is a fold or pleat in fabric that is sewn in
place. Small tucks, especially multiple parallel
tucks, may be used to decorate clothing
3. Types of tucks
Pin tucks
Space tucks
Blind tucks
Shell tucks
Group tucks
Cross tucks
Released tucks
4. Pin tucks
Pin tucks are parallel rows of raised fabric
produced by stitching tight rows of stitches
on sewing machines to push up the fabric
between them. Pin tucks are common on
formalwear and make a nice pattern along the
front of a shirt or blouse.
5. space tucks
Space tucks Space tucks are pin tucks made wider than
standard pin tucks to be at least ¼-inch wide. They can be
pressed flat to create a different decorative look. Bubble
tucks are basically space tucks that are tacked together at
regular intervals so the fabric puffs and bubbles up.
These are commonly used on children’s clothing and
other fancier garments.
6. Group tucks
Group tucking is done on the fabric before the
garment is cut. Measured, mark and stitch the
tuck, placing them close together . Press to one
side . Mark the fabric at even intervals in the
opposite direction for the crosswise stitching.
Stitch across the tucks in the direction they were
pressed. Then stitch in the opposite direction in
which they were pressed. Continue stitching ,
alternating the direction of the tucks in each row.
7. Cross tucks
This type of tucking is done on the fabric piece before
the garment is cut. Measure , make and stitch all tucks
on the lengthwise grain of the fabric. Press all tucks to
the side in one direction. Measure , mark and stitch
tucks on the crosswise grain. Press all crosswise tucks in
one direction.
8. Released tucks
Often used to give shaping to a garment as well as for
decorative effect. Usually they are folded and pinned on
the marking lines with the right sides of the fabric
together. For reinforcement , pivot at the top of the
stitching and stitch straight out to the fold line . Back
stitch and clip thread.
9. shell tucks
Shell tucks Shell tucks is a variety of pin tucks made with
wider lengths of fabric between the lines of stitching. These
wider flaps of fabric are then cross-stitched, laying forward
and backward to create a twisted or wavy look on the fabric
and attractive on blouses, dresses, and other garments.
.
10. Blind tucks
Blind tucks Blind tucks are stitched same like space
tucks but it does not have any space between seams.
Each flap overlaps and hides the next seam.
11. Pleats
.
A pleat is folded excess fabric that creates fullness. Pleats are used both as a design
element and for functionality and ease of movement. They are created by doubling
over fabric on itself to produce a fold. Pleats come in a variety of forms, shapes, and
sizes. They can be pressed or un pressed, stitched or unstitched. They may also be
grouped evenly or not. Pleats can be found on a variety of garment..
12. Types of pleats
Knife pleat
Box pleat
Inverted box pleat
Inverted box pleat with top stitch
Inverted box pleat with separate underlay
Stitch down pleat
Edge stitch pleat
13. Knife pleats
Knife pleats have one fold line and one placement line ,
all the folds are turned in the same direction. Some
garments may have one cluster facing one way and
another facing the opposite way .
14. Box pleats
Box pleats have two fold lines and two
placements lines. The two folds of each pleat
are turned away from one another . The back
folds in box pleats are facing and may meet ,
but it is not necessary.
15. Inverted box pleat
Inverted pleat have two fold lines and a common
placement line. The two folds of each pleat are
turned toward each other and in this case they must
meet . The back folds face away from each other.
16. Inverted box pleats with top
stitch
Top stitch inverted pleats on both sides of the
matched fold lines. Pin mark each pleat where the
topstitching will begin . With garment right side up,
insert needle between fold lines at marked point.
Take two or three stitches across the pleat.
17. Inverted box pleats with
separate underlay
inverted pleat in appearance , but constructed with a
separate underlay that forms under side of pleat . In
place of usual two back folds , there are two seams.
18. Stitch down pleats
Stitching helps to produce a smooth flat fir over the
hipline in a pleated skirt. Pleats in position close to the
fold edge through all thickness of the skirt , keeping
under folds of pleat free.
19. Edge stitch pleats
A special finish used to remain a perfect crease. It adds
a trim look to tailored pleated skirt and holds the pleat
in position. It is particularly necessary is the pleating is
done on the bias grain of a flared skirt.
20. Gathers
Gathers are perhaps the most popular methods of controlling fullness in a garment .
gathering is one or two rows of stitching drawn up to form very tiny pleats in the
fabric.
21. Gathers by hands
you can make gathers by hand , if you prefer . To
gather , fasten the thread securely with several
tiny back stitches . Sew on the gathering line with
small evenly spaced running stitches pull up the
thread and distribute the fullness until the section
measures the desired length.
22. Gathers by machine
Gathering by machine is the easiest and
quickest method. Adjust the machine to the
longest stitch. Place a row of machine stitching
on the seam line for gathering with another line
close to it . Pull the top threads through to the
wrong side of the fabric and anchor the thread
at one end securely around pin.
23. Gathers by elastic
For this we will take ½ “ of elastic then we will
put elastic on fabric now we will stretch the
elastic and then sew the elastic on fabric this
will automatically create gathers on fabric
24. Gathers by cord
For this first we have to sew a flap of ½ “ on
back side of the fabric them we put cord under
that flap and stretch the cord this makes gathers
in fabric.
25. Shirring
Shirring is formed with multiple rows of gathering and is primarily a decorative way of
controlling fullness.
26. Shirring by machine
Shirring by machine is same as making
gathers by machine but in this case we
make multiple numbers of stitch parallel
to each other in whole fabric after that we
pull all threads from both the edges and
we make shirring .
27. Shirring by bobbin elastic
Machine shirring involves sewing rows of
stitching 1/2″ apart while using elastic thread
in the bobbin and all-purpose thread in the
needle. The elastic thread evenly gathers the
fabric between stitches, creating texture and
elasticity.
28. Ruffles
Ruffle is a strip of fabric cut or handled in such a way as to produce fullness. Through
primarily decorative , ruffles may also serve a practical purpose, such as lengthening a
garment.
29. Plain ruffles
A plain ruffle has one finished edge the other
edge is gathered to size and then sewn into a
seam or onto another unfinished edges.
31. Double head ruffle
A double head ruffle is gathered in the centre
halfway between the two finished edges . It is
then top stitched through the centre to the
garment section.
32. ruffles in a seam
Ruffles in a seam line is a common method of finishing
of ruffles , especially when ruffles does not continuous
the full length of the seam . Position the ruffle on the
seam , drawing it beyond
the seam allowance until the outer finished edge
crosses the seam lines where the ruffle will end.
33. Plackets
An opening or slit in a garment, covering fastenings or for access to a pocket, or the
flap of fabric under such an opening. The placket made in a seam is stronger and gives a
better finish when completed.
34. Two piece plackets
This is used in the left seam of skirts or
petticoats and back seam of dresses. The under
lap side of this placket is finished with a binding
and the overlap with a facing. For this two
separate strips of fabric are used, one of width
1' for the overlap and a wider one (2') for the
under lap.
35. Two piece lapped plackets
This placket is same as two piece placket but in this
placket both the plackets are finished with separate strip
and in this one placket is lapped on the other placket.
This placket is usually used in shirts.
36. Continuous plackets
These packets can be made on a seam or a
slash. It is usually used in children’s
garments undergarments like sari petticoat
and sleeve openings for a cuff or band.
These packets are nor suitable for bulky
fabrics or curved seams.
37. Kurta plackets
A kurta placket an attractive look to the
garment and also to enhance the strength .It is
very often used in the sleeve opening area of
men’s shirts, children’s garments where a neck
opening is needed. It may be utilized for
decorative purposes in children’s and ladies
dresses, where the colour of the placket may be
contrasting in order to enhance the aesthetic
value of the garment.
38. Fasteners
Fastener is a device that secures or closes garment. It can be used in garments for decorative as
well as for closing and opening purpose .
1) Button ,Button hole
2) Shank button
3) Snap fastener
5) Hook and bar
4) Hook and eye
1
2
3
4
5
41. A device consisting of two flexible strips of
metal or plastic with interlocking projections
closed or opened by pulling a slide along
them, used to fasten garments, bags, and
other items.
42. Conventional zipper-centred method
Conventional zippers have two strips of fabric
that are attached at the bottom by a stop. The
zipper teeth are visible when the zipper is facing
up. Unless a zipper is purposefully exposed as a
fashion
43. Conventional zipper – lapped
method
Conventional zippers have two strips of fabric
that are attached at the bottom by a stop. The
zipper teeth are visible when the zipper is
facing up. Unless a zipper is purposefully
exposed as a fashion conventional zippers are
often hidden in a garment by lapping a small layer
of fabric over the teeth.
44. Invisible zipper
An invisible zipper is a zipper that is hidden
within a seam. The only part of the zipper that is
seen is a slender zipper pull at the top. An
invisible zipper is not sewn in the same manner
that regular zippers are sewn. With an invisible
zipper, you do not need to bother with straight
topstitching on the finished zipper.
45. Open end zipper
Separating zippers are most often used when
making jackets and vests. It has stopper at the
end and we can apart them easily . Because
separating zippers are most often used for coats
and longer projects, they often come in longer
sizes. And because they are most often used with
heavier fabrics, the size of the zipper teeth tend to
be larger, and there appears to be a greater variety
of metallic choices.
46. Pockets
A pocket is a kind of small bag which forms part of a piece of clothing, and which is
used for carrying small things such as money or a handkerchief.
-Patch pockets
-Inseam pockets
-Slash pocket
47. Patch Pocket – round
A pocket made of a separate piece of cloth sewn on
to the outside of a garment.
Patch Pockets are created by attaching a pre-cut
pieces of material and sewing them, like a patch, to
the outside of a garment, instead of constructing
inset pockets. Often patch pockets have a flap at the
top and become a feature of the design — think the
patch pockets on Paddington Bear’s duffle coat.
48. Patch Pocket - square
They are same as round patch pocket but the
only difference is its shape. This pocket is cut in
square shape .it can be use for decorative
purpose or for functional purpose.
49. Patch Pocket with flap
Flap pockets which consist of an extra lined flap of
matching fabric to cover the top of the pocket. This
flap present over the pocket prevents the contents
inside the pocket from getting wet during rain. At
other times, the flap can be tucked into the pocket.
50. Front hip Pocket
Front hip pockets are one of the most common
types of pockets found in jeans, trousers, shorts.
51. In-seam pocket
A pocket in which the opening falls along a
seam line of the garment is known as an ‘in-
seam pocket’. This type of pocket can be found
in pants, skirts, trousers, shorts,
kids’ wear, kurtas and pyjamas.
52. Slash Pocket – bound
Slash pockets lie inside the garment and the
pocket opening is a slash of some type.
53. Decorative Pocket
It is a pocket which is for both functional and
decorative purpose . It can be of any type , any size
, any shape. To make this pocket we can use any
constructional detail or we can use multiple
numbers or details to make it look attractive and to
make garment look unique.
55. Round neckline with piping
In this type of neckline , neckline is finished with a
bias strip it is used as piping . Strip is stretched
and then sew . Very thin line of that bias strip is
visible from front as piping . We use piping for
decorative purpose .
56. Round Neckline with
facing
A neckline cut in round shape but it is
finished with facing. This make the
neckline more finished and make the
neckline more stiffer.
57. Round neckline with shape facing
A round neckline finished with a bias strip of fabric
and hemming is done at the wrong side . In this bias
strip is sew without stretching it and it is not visible
from front.
58. V neckline
A neckline cut in v – shape and finished with the
help of shape facing . This neckline can be deep as
per the need of the customer.