This document provides information on sewing tools and basic sewing techniques. It identifies and describes common sewing tools categorized as measuring tools, drafting tools, cutting tools, marking tools, and sewing aids. Basic techniques covered include hand basting, machine basting, pin basting, and different types of seams like plain seams, double stitched seams, French seams, bound seams, and flat-felled seams. Health and safety measures for sewing are also outlined.

1. Lesson 1: Sewing Tools
Equipment and Health
and Safety Measures in
Sewing

2. Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, you should be able to:
▪ identify the common tools used in sewing;
▪ discuss and apply the safety measures in sewing; and
▪ explain the difference of using sewing machine and
hand sewing.

3. Activity!!
NAME IT: Give the exact name of the common
tools used in sewing and tailoring.
1.
4.
3.
2.
Tape
Measure
Ruler
Emery
Bag
Cutting
Shears

4. Five Classifications
Of Sewing Tools

5. A. Measuring Tools - are instruments
used for obtaining quantities,
dimension or forces of the real world
object.

6. 1. Tape Measure also known
as tapeline- it is made of
non-stretchable strip used in
taking body measurements.
It measures 150 centimeters
in the front side and 60
inches on the other side.

7. 2. Sewing Gauge - This is a six -
inch ruler made of aluminum or
stiff cardboard with a slider
used to measure small hem
areas and short distance like
hem folds, seam allowance,
button holes, pleats, and tucks.

8. 1.Ruler or Foot Rule - This is
the most common measuring
device; 6 or 12 inches long
used to connect two points in
drawing straight lines. It may
be made of clear plastic or
shellacked wood.

9. 4. Meterstick or Yardstick -
This is a one-meter long
wooden or steel stick usually
marked off in centimeters
and millimeters and is used to
measure fabric length by yard
or meter

10. B. Drafting Tools – an instrument
used to represent an object or
outlining a figure plan or sketch
by means of lines.

11. 1. L-Square - This is an aluminum ruler with
90 degrees angle used to draw perpendicular
lines and to measure off parallel lines Two
arms are connected perpendicularly and
used to make construction lines in pattern
drafting. The long arm has breakdown
measurements of 1-24,1-12, 1-6, 1-3, and 2-3
while the short arm has breakdown
measurements of 1-32, 1-16, 1-8, 1-4, 1-2.

12. 2. Hip Curve - It is a curve
stick made of metal or
wood calibrated on both
side used to form the
hipline and other areas of
garments that need to be
curved.

13. 3. French Curve - It is
an instrument made of
flat metal or wood used
to shape the neckline,
armholes, and collar.

14. C. Cutting
Tools

15. 1. Dressmaker's Shears - These
are for cutting fabric, paper and
other materials.
a. Cutting Shears- The blades are
straight and best for cutting
fabrics usually 7-12 inches long.

16. c. Scalloping shears - This tool
has scallop blades used to cut
parts of garments a with series
of uniform scallops

17. 2. Scissors -These are used for cutting
hanging threads, excess fabrics of a
seam, trimming hair, and other
purposes. It may be made of plastic
with metal or all metal.

18. a. Buttonhole scissors - These are
used for cutting buttonholes. The
blades have a square shape at the joint
of scissors to control cutting the cloth
off the buttonhole area.
b. Embroidery scissors - It is a sharp
pointed scissors usually 4-5 inches
long used in cutting fine delicate
cloth and thread in embroidery work.

19. 3. Seam ripper - This tool is intended for
cutting off stitches of a seam. Care in using
this instrument is required to prevent the
cloth from being damaged.
4. Rotary Cutter and Mat - is a tool generally
used by quilters to cut fabric. Usually smaller
blades are used to cut small curves, while
larger blades are used to cut to straight lines
and broad curves.

20. D. Marking Tools - is used to transfer all the
little notations that appear on your pattern,
the ones that tell you where to cut, fold, sew,
or place adjoining pieces. The pattern
instructions work together with these
notations to tell you exactly how to
manipulate each pattern piece

21. 1. Tailor's chalk - It is available in
a variety of colors and is used to
mark the fabric. It is made of hard
chalk and can be removed by
brushing.
2. Tracing wheel - This is an
instrument with serrated edge wheel
that produces dots on the fabric.

22. 3. Dressmaker's carbon paper - it
is a specially waxed carbon paper
that transfers the tracing wheel's
markings to the fabric. This is
available in different brands with
different instructions. Follow the
instructions for a particular brand.

23. E. Sewing Aids

24. 1. Pins - Available in two kinds, one with
colored head for easy handling and the
other with a small steel pins, both used
to fasten two or three materials together.
2. Pin cushion - It is a cushion
available in different shapes and
colors used to hold pins and needles
to prevent them from scattering in the
workplace.

25. 3.Emery Bag - It is smaller that the
pin cushion and is used to polish
rusty needles and pins.
4.Hand needles - These are
available in different sizes and
us ed for temporary stitches,
hemming, and other sewing
purposes.

26. 5. Thimble -This is a small cup
placed on the tip of the middle
finger to protect it from being
pricked by the needle while sewing.
It is made of metal or plastic.
6. Threader - This is a diamond shaped
wire attached to a handle and used to
insert thread through the needle eye.

27. 7. Sewing Box - a box which
should have a compartment
where sewing tools/devices are
to be kept.

28. Health and Safety Meaures in Sewing/ Before
Operating the Sewing Machine
•Loose jewelry must be removed before operating a machine.
•Loose hair must be tide back or held back by a cap,
headband, or hair net.
•Work in a well-lighted and well-ventilated place.
•Do not play inside the sewing room. Others can be injured by
your actions.
•Keep the floor clear of scraps and litter. Wipe dry any spill on
the floor at once to prevent accident.

29. Lesson 2: Basic
Techniques in Sewing

30. Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, you should be able
to:
• identify and explain the basic techniques in
sewing; and
• perform the basic techniques in sewing.

31. Activity:
Analyze the picture below and answer the questions
that follows.

32. Hand Basting
Basting- is sewing long, easily
removable stitches by machine or by
hand. It's also called tacking. Basting
stitches are intended to temporarily join
fabric for several reasons.

33. Types of Hand
Basting

34. 1. Even Basting- The Even Basting
Stitch (official name) aka The
Basting Stitch. This is the basting
stitch you want to use for basting
seams together to check the fit of a
garment before sewing it with more
permanent stitches.

35. 2. Uneven Basting- The uneven
basting stitch is used for holding
underlining to the garment fabric. It's
also used to mark style lines in the
garment. It differs from the even
basting stitch in that it is a short
stitch across the back of the fabric
and a long stitch across the front.

36. Procedures in Hand
Basting
1.Pin the fabric area together that you plan to sew.
2.Thread a hand-sewing needle with a single thread, and
knot the end.
3.Insert the needle in the edge of the fabric near the
seam but where it won't be sewn over by machine
stitching.
4.Begin your running stitch just inside the seam
allowance you will be using.

37. 5. Sew a line of running stitches by inserting the needle
and thread through both layers of fabric a short distance
from your starting point.
6. Repeat running stitches on the entire area you need
basted. The size of the stitches can be long or short, but
you do want to make sure they are removable.
7. Instead of knotting the thread at the end of the seam,
just sew one or two stitches in place and leave a thread
tail.

38. Machine basting- is a fast
way to test the fit of an
area or temporarily hold
an area together, such as
when installing a zipper.

39. Procedures:
1. Pin the layers of fabric together as you plan to
sew
2. Set the stitch length on your sewing machine to
a long
stitch. That's the 4 or 5 setting on most modern
sewing machines or about 6 stitches per inch.

40. 3.Bobbin thread or another lightweight thread
can be used in both the bobbin and upper
thread if a thicker thread is apt to leave marks
on the fabric.
4.Sew the seam, but don't backstitch at either
the start or the end, as this would make the
basting stitches difficult to remove.

41. Pin basting- is usually used
when a garment is going to
be sewn immediately. It is
very helpful when finishing a
hem.The hem is folded and
pin basted before sewing
hemming stitches. Here are
the simple steps in pin
basting.

42. Seams
A seam is a method of binding two or more
pieces of fabric together, usually using thread to
form stitches. However, glue and other forms of
adhesive can also be used.
Seams can be stitched by hand or sewn by
machine.

43. Seams can either be open or closed.
•An open seam is one where the seam
allowance, the piece of fabric between the edge
of the material and the stitches, is visible.
•A closed seam incorporates the seam
allowance within the seam finish, making it
invisible.

44. How Are Seams Used in
Garments?

45. •Seams are used for hems and to finish necklines and edges.
•Seams add shape through elements like darts, which are
used to shape hips, waists, and bustlines.
•Seams are used to gather fabric and create pleats. Learn
more about pleats in our comprehensive guide to pleat types
here.
•Different types of seams can be used to create a different
look for a garment and to finish and hide the fabric edges for
aesthetic and practical purposes.

46. Types of
Seams

47. 1. Plain seam. A plain seam is
the simplest type of seam and
can be used on almost any item.
A plain seam is defined as any
seam that attaches two pieces
of fabric together with the wrong
sides facing.

48. 2. Double-stitched seam. This
type of seam is just like a plain
seam except there are two lines
of stitching attaching the fabric
for extra strength.

49. 3. French seam. A French
seam should only be used on
delicate, lightweight fabric,
like chiffon or organza, as the
seam uses a lot of material
and can get bulky with
heavier fabrics.

50. 4.Bound seam. A bound seam
looks like a French
seam on the right side of the
fabric. There are no visible
stitches on the right side of
the fabric, and on the
opposite side, the fabric
edges are neatly enclosed.

51. 5. Flat-felled seam. A flat-felled
seam is an extremely strong
closed seam that is often used
for items like jeans. It covers the
fabric's raw edges well and keeps
the seam flat.

52. 6. Welt seam. A welt seam is
also frequently used for
jeans, as it is very strong, but
it is less bulky than the flat-
felled seam because it is not
enclosed and the raw edge of
the fabric is visible.

53. 7. Lapped seam. A lapped
seam is typically used with
fabrics that don't fray, such
as leather and fleece. For a
lapped seam, the right side of
the fabric faces up and the
pieces overlap, instead of
right or wrong sides together.

54. Summary
• Sewing is the process of using a needle and
thread to connect pieces of fabric or attach them
to fabric surfaces.
• The most common materials used in sewing are
namely fabric, sewing notions grommets, and
different sorts of thread to name a few.
• Knowing basic hand sewing techniques is the first
thing in sewing. It allows you to quickly make
repairs and do small projects.

55. Thank You!!