This document summarizes information about double circle postmarks used in the Carpatho-Ukraine region between 1846-1850, prior to the introduction of postage stamps. It provides an overview of postal rates during this period as they changed over time. It also lists the earliest known usage dates of double circle postmarks for various post offices in the region, such as Alsó Vereczke on January 16, 1848. Few private letters from the period still exist, and the document shows images of rare examples from Alsó Vereczke and Beregszász to illustrate these findings.
This newsletter summarizes the final issue of the Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the readership and contributions over the past 6 years of publishing 722 pages of content. It thanks authors and readers for their support. The final article discusses the auction of a rare 3-color franking from 1859 with the earliest known use of a Rahó postmark on the Austrian 1858 issue. It was sold for a relatively low price and the buyer is congratulated. The newsletter is concluding after 6 years of publication.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins and distribution of its newsletter online and via mail. The newsletter also summarizes recent auction results of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and cancels. Additionally, it shares pictures of postcards and railway post office cancels from the region, and provides details on postmarks used when the area briefly rejoined Hungary in 1938.
This document discusses the examination of negative UNGVAR cancellations on letters from the early 19th century. It summarizes:
1) Nine letters purported to bear the rare negative UNGVAR cancellation have been examined, but all were determined to be forgeries based on inconsistencies in the placement and color of the cancellation.
2) The only known genuine example is held in the Stamp Museum in Budapest, and provides a baseline for comparison.
3) An examination of details like address styles, rates, and physical characteristics often revealed inconsistencies indicating the letters were forged. While no single aspect proves forgery, taken together they cast strong doubt on the authenticity of the pieces.
This newsletter provides updates on postal history findings related to Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses:
1) A registered letter from 1851 in Ungvár with transit and arrival marks.
2) Three picture postcards from 1915 in Beregszász with a new "Weiterleiten" military censorship mark.
3) A field post card from 1919 indicating Polní Pošta 12 was located in Munkács, contradicting previous beliefs.
4) Details on the use of orange cancellation marks in Užhorod in 1938 and the locations of various Czechoslovak field post offices during that period.
This newsletter provides information on postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses the sale of stamps from the first Austrian issue with postmarks from the region. It also features covers sent to Szőllősvégardó in 1830 and 1859, an early letter from Kaszony in 1859, uses of the first correspondence cards in the region in 1870-1871, and excerpts from a 1905 travel guide on visiting the region. Photographs show the construction of a railway bridge in 1905 and postcards from Volosyanka postmarked in 1929.
This issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger discusses postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region that were recently sold at auction. It also provides historical context about places mentioned, including Nagyszőllős and Szőllősvégardó, through entries from old gazetteers and maps. In addition, the issue announces that the editor will stop publishing the newsletter after 10 years in November 2018 unless someone takes over the role.
This newsletter issue provides information about an interest group focused on the postal history of Carpathian Ukraine. It includes pictures and postcards from the early 1900s time period showing places like Volosyanka. It also summarizes information from other sources about early airmail routes in the region during Czechoslovak rule, including a short-lived airmail connection between Spišská Nová Ves and Užhorod in June 1919 to reconnect separated army groups. Finally, it shows several covers and postcards mailed from Volosyanka and Užok during the Czechoslovak period in the early 20th century.
This document is the February 2018 issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine, including that the editor will stop editing after 10 years in November 2018. It summarizes auction results for postal history from the region. It also begins showcasing pieces from the renowned Béla Simády collection on the postal history of the region in 1945, with detailed images and descriptions of covers, cards, and cancellations from that period.
This newsletter summarizes the final issue of the Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the readership and contributions over the past 6 years of publishing 722 pages of content. It thanks authors and readers for their support. The final article discusses the auction of a rare 3-color franking from 1859 with the earliest known use of a Rahó postmark on the Austrian 1858 issue. It was sold for a relatively low price and the buyer is congratulated. The newsletter is concluding after 6 years of publication.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins and distribution of its newsletter online and via mail. The newsletter also summarizes recent auction results of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and cancels. Additionally, it shares pictures of postcards and railway post office cancels from the region, and provides details on postmarks used when the area briefly rejoined Hungary in 1938.
This document discusses the examination of negative UNGVAR cancellations on letters from the early 19th century. It summarizes:
1) Nine letters purported to bear the rare negative UNGVAR cancellation have been examined, but all were determined to be forgeries based on inconsistencies in the placement and color of the cancellation.
2) The only known genuine example is held in the Stamp Museum in Budapest, and provides a baseline for comparison.
3) An examination of details like address styles, rates, and physical characteristics often revealed inconsistencies indicating the letters were forged. While no single aspect proves forgery, taken together they cast strong doubt on the authenticity of the pieces.
This newsletter provides updates on postal history findings related to Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses:
1) A registered letter from 1851 in Ungvár with transit and arrival marks.
2) Three picture postcards from 1915 in Beregszász with a new "Weiterleiten" military censorship mark.
3) A field post card from 1919 indicating Polní Pošta 12 was located in Munkács, contradicting previous beliefs.
4) Details on the use of orange cancellation marks in Užhorod in 1938 and the locations of various Czechoslovak field post offices during that period.
This newsletter provides information on postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses the sale of stamps from the first Austrian issue with postmarks from the region. It also features covers sent to Szőllősvégardó in 1830 and 1859, an early letter from Kaszony in 1859, uses of the first correspondence cards in the region in 1870-1871, and excerpts from a 1905 travel guide on visiting the region. Photographs show the construction of a railway bridge in 1905 and postcards from Volosyanka postmarked in 1929.
This issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger discusses postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region that were recently sold at auction. It also provides historical context about places mentioned, including Nagyszőllős and Szőllősvégardó, through entries from old gazetteers and maps. In addition, the issue announces that the editor will stop publishing the newsletter after 10 years in November 2018 unless someone takes over the role.
This newsletter issue provides information about an interest group focused on the postal history of Carpathian Ukraine. It includes pictures and postcards from the early 1900s time period showing places like Volosyanka. It also summarizes information from other sources about early airmail routes in the region during Czechoslovak rule, including a short-lived airmail connection between Spišská Nová Ves and Užhorod in June 1919 to reconnect separated army groups. Finally, it shows several covers and postcards mailed from Volosyanka and Užok during the Czechoslovak period in the early 20th century.
This document is the February 2018 issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine, including that the editor will stop editing after 10 years in November 2018. It summarizes auction results for postal history from the region. It also begins showcasing pieces from the renowned Béla Simády collection on the postal history of the region in 1945, with detailed images and descriptions of covers, cards, and cancellations from that period.
1) In late December 1914, Crown Prince Karl Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary visited troops in Upper Hungary, including in the territory commanded by Lieutenant General Rónai-Horváth.
2) Strict precautions were taken to ensure the Crown Prince's safety during his visit, including banning civilian traffic and cleaning roads.
3) On December 30th, the Crown Prince was scheduled to travel by automobile from Munkács to Ungvár and then continue by special royal train to meet Rónai-Horváth's troops.
This newsletter issue provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and includes several articles related to the region's postal history. It describes an auction where a complete set of early postcards from Podkarpatská Rus sold for €658. It also details the formation of the 1st Royal Hungarian Home-Guard Hussars Brigade and includes images of documents from the unit. Further, it discusses postal agencies that operated in Carpatho-Ukraine and presents pieces with cancels from Őrhegyalja and Křivá.
The newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (also known as Podkarpatská Rus, Kárpátalja, and Zakarpattya). It announces that the editor will stop editing the newsletter after the November 2018 issue unless someone volunteers to take over. It also provides updates on auctions of Carpatho-Ukraine collections, including one by Walter Rauch that did not meet reserve, and announces the third online edition of Jan Verleg's monograph on Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares information about prisoner of war camps located in the region during WWI.
This newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (Zakarpattya). It provides an update on the Study Circle and its newsletter. It summarizes recent auction results including field postcards and money transfer orders from the region. It also reports on exhibits at Europhilex 2015 praising the Carpatho-Ukraine and Hungarian exhibits while noting room for improvement. Finally, it raises unsolved questions about district marks used during the Hungarian administration of the region.
This issue of the newsletter discusses postal history and transportation infrastructure in the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It begins by confirming the use of Correspondenz-Karte postal cards in Ungvár in 1870. Pages are then dedicated to identifying the correct railway viaduct pictured from a previous issue and providing historical context on its repair. Scans from a 1928 tourist guide to the Podkarpatská Rus region are shared, alongside relevant sections from a 1937 road map. The issue concludes by showing a 1919 Czechoslovak field post letter originating from Perecsény.
1) The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the study circle and newsletter, provides information on accessing past newsletters, and outlines rules for article submissions.
2) It provides an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, an expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately, discussing his background and contributions to the field.
3) It summarizes and provides images of items from Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine that were auctioned, including covers, stamps, and sheets, noting that the items are considered expertized due to coming from his collection.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, a renowned expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately. It summarizes his collection and career, and reprints auction listings of stamps from his collection of Carpatho-Ukraine, including provisional issues from Khust and Mukacevo in 1944, which received prices above their estimates. It provides information about the study circle and accessing back issues of the newsletter online.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides details about an auction of the renowned philatelist Jay T. Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history. The auction contained rare stamps with inverted surcharges, double surcharges, stamps with different types of surcharges, and covers mailed from Carpatho-Ukraine. Many of the lots surpassed the estimated prices due to the importance of Carrigan's collection in documenting the postal history of this region.
The document is the October 2016 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the Study Circle that studies the region, provides information about accessing past newsletters online, and reprints the catalog from an auction of the renowned Jay Thomas Carrigan collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history. The catalog offers over 150 lots of stamps, covers, and postal stationery from the period.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter's editorship and distribution methods. It also provides summaries of items from a recent philatelic auction featuring Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares pictures and details of postal history items exchanged between locations in the Carpatho-Ukraine region during the late 1840s-early 1920s time period.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information about the group and their newsletter, as well as articles contributed by members on the postal history topics of the region. These include pictures and examples of pre-stamp and early stamped mail sent to and from the area now part of Ukraine. The newsletter aims to share knowledge and research on the postal history and philately of Carpatho-Ukraine.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins, purpose, and activities. The newsletter is distributed online and via mail. This issue features articles from various authors, including a letter from 1821 with unusual postmarks, an 1858 letter between Kaschau and Alsó Vereczke franked with Austrian stamps, and a mystery 1917 censor mark on a postal card from Huszt. The newsletter seeks to share information about postal history from the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter, with the editor planning to step down after 10 years. It also provides summaries of recent auctions involving Carpatho-Ukraine postal history items. Additionally, it shares information from members on rare mail routes from the region in the 18th and 19th centuries, including additions to knowledge from a previous article.
This document is the November 2018 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses that this will be the last issue edited by the current editor after 10 years, and invites others to take over. It also continues showcasing pieces from the stamp collection of Bela Simady, with descriptions of postal markings and rates seen on 14 sheets of letters and cards mailed in the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document is a newsletter of the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information on:
1) The organization and goals of the Study Circle, which studies the postal history of the region known as Carpathian Ruthenia.
2) A change in the distribution method of the newsletter, which will now be available online through DocStoc for members and non-members to view.
3) Details on two auction items from Carpatho-Ukraine - a postal money order sold for EUR 613 and a letter with Carpatho-Ukraine stamps that sold for EUR 1256.
The document discusses the Czechoslovak field post in Sub-Carpathia (now western Ukraine) in 1919-1920. It describes the union of the region with Czechoslovakia and the presence of Czechoslovak troops in the area at this time. Specifically, it provides details on the operations of Field Post Offices 12, 14, 22, 46, and 75 in Sub-Carpathia, clarifying their locations and periods of operation there based on sources. An example postcard with a rare cancel from Field Post Office 14 in Mukachevo is also shown.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine newsletter, including its purpose and distribution methods. It discusses upcoming events like a member's exhibition and provides an obituary notice. The main article traces the history of a pre-stamp letter sent from Székesfehérvár, Hungary to Bozos, Ukraine in 1835 and discusses how gazetteers were used to identify the location of Bozos.
This document summarizes an article from 1982 about pre-stamp and stampless mail from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It provides examples of early mail from the 1600s-1800s, including military exemptions, official letters, and church letters written in Latin, German, Hungarian, and Russian. The mail examples are drawn from several renowned collectors' collections and represent international cooperation. The article also begins to classify the postal markings used in the pre-stamp period, based on Hungarian classifications. It provides the first part of a planned series covering the postal history and stamps of the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document discusses the postal history of Nyíresfalva, a post office that operated from 1787 to 1838 in the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It provides details on Nyíresfalva from historical maps and texts, noting the village is now called Dunkovytsya and lies on the road from Mukachevo to Khust. The document also shares information on 6 registered letters from the pre-stamp period found in various collections, with one each from Alsó-Vereczke, Munkács, and Tecső and three from Szerednye.
This document is the March 2009 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It contains several articles and summaries: an apology for incorrectly stating when someone died; a discussion of possible forgeries of pre-philatelic Hungarian stamps; background on the newsletter and study circle; and articles about early postmarks from Ungvar and commemorative cards related to the 1939 return of the Carpatho-Ukraine region to Hungary.
This document summarizes information from the January 2009 issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the life of Fedor Feketa, an early 19th century postal worker from Carpatho-Ukraine. It also provides an overview of recent auction highlights of Carpatho-Ukrainian stamps and covers, and analyzes World War I censorship marks used in the region by the Austro-Hungarian army. The article includes pictures and details of specific stamps and postal markings.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter, the Sub-Carpathian Messenger. It discusses the purpose and distribution of the newsletter. It also summarizes an auction of several interesting postal history items from the region, including cash on delivery forms from Munkács in 1919 and a postal cancellation from Dovhoje from 1926. Finally, it provides a summary of a chapter from a book on the Ruthenian emigration to North America, which describes the origins, homeland, and reasons for emigration of the Carpatho-Rusyns between 1885-1914 and 1920-1924.
1) In late December 1914, Crown Prince Karl Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary visited troops in Upper Hungary, including in the territory commanded by Lieutenant General Rónai-Horváth.
2) Strict precautions were taken to ensure the Crown Prince's safety during his visit, including banning civilian traffic and cleaning roads.
3) On December 30th, the Crown Prince was scheduled to travel by automobile from Munkács to Ungvár and then continue by special royal train to meet Rónai-Horváth's troops.
This newsletter issue provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and includes several articles related to the region's postal history. It describes an auction where a complete set of early postcards from Podkarpatská Rus sold for €658. It also details the formation of the 1st Royal Hungarian Home-Guard Hussars Brigade and includes images of documents from the unit. Further, it discusses postal agencies that operated in Carpatho-Ukraine and presents pieces with cancels from Őrhegyalja and Křivá.
The newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (also known as Podkarpatská Rus, Kárpátalja, and Zakarpattya). It announces that the editor will stop editing the newsletter after the November 2018 issue unless someone volunteers to take over. It also provides updates on auctions of Carpatho-Ukraine collections, including one by Walter Rauch that did not meet reserve, and announces the third online edition of Jan Verleg's monograph on Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares information about prisoner of war camps located in the region during WWI.
This newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (Zakarpattya). It provides an update on the Study Circle and its newsletter. It summarizes recent auction results including field postcards and money transfer orders from the region. It also reports on exhibits at Europhilex 2015 praising the Carpatho-Ukraine and Hungarian exhibits while noting room for improvement. Finally, it raises unsolved questions about district marks used during the Hungarian administration of the region.
This issue of the newsletter discusses postal history and transportation infrastructure in the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It begins by confirming the use of Correspondenz-Karte postal cards in Ungvár in 1870. Pages are then dedicated to identifying the correct railway viaduct pictured from a previous issue and providing historical context on its repair. Scans from a 1928 tourist guide to the Podkarpatská Rus region are shared, alongside relevant sections from a 1937 road map. The issue concludes by showing a 1919 Czechoslovak field post letter originating from Perecsény.
1) The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the study circle and newsletter, provides information on accessing past newsletters, and outlines rules for article submissions.
2) It provides an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, an expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately, discussing his background and contributions to the field.
3) It summarizes and provides images of items from Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine that were auctioned, including covers, stamps, and sheets, noting that the items are considered expertized due to coming from his collection.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, a renowned expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately. It summarizes his collection and career, and reprints auction listings of stamps from his collection of Carpatho-Ukraine, including provisional issues from Khust and Mukacevo in 1944, which received prices above their estimates. It provides information about the study circle and accessing back issues of the newsletter online.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides details about an auction of the renowned philatelist Jay T. Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history. The auction contained rare stamps with inverted surcharges, double surcharges, stamps with different types of surcharges, and covers mailed from Carpatho-Ukraine. Many of the lots surpassed the estimated prices due to the importance of Carrigan's collection in documenting the postal history of this region.
The document is the October 2016 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the Study Circle that studies the region, provides information about accessing past newsletters online, and reprints the catalog from an auction of the renowned Jay Thomas Carrigan collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history. The catalog offers over 150 lots of stamps, covers, and postal stationery from the period.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter's editorship and distribution methods. It also provides summaries of items from a recent philatelic auction featuring Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares pictures and details of postal history items exchanged between locations in the Carpatho-Ukraine region during the late 1840s-early 1920s time period.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information about the group and their newsletter, as well as articles contributed by members on the postal history topics of the region. These include pictures and examples of pre-stamp and early stamped mail sent to and from the area now part of Ukraine. The newsletter aims to share knowledge and research on the postal history and philately of Carpatho-Ukraine.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins, purpose, and activities. The newsletter is distributed online and via mail. This issue features articles from various authors, including a letter from 1821 with unusual postmarks, an 1858 letter between Kaschau and Alsó Vereczke franked with Austrian stamps, and a mystery 1917 censor mark on a postal card from Huszt. The newsletter seeks to share information about postal history from the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter, with the editor planning to step down after 10 years. It also provides summaries of recent auctions involving Carpatho-Ukraine postal history items. Additionally, it shares information from members on rare mail routes from the region in the 18th and 19th centuries, including additions to knowledge from a previous article.
This document is the November 2018 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses that this will be the last issue edited by the current editor after 10 years, and invites others to take over. It also continues showcasing pieces from the stamp collection of Bela Simady, with descriptions of postal markings and rates seen on 14 sheets of letters and cards mailed in the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document is a newsletter of the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information on:
1) The organization and goals of the Study Circle, which studies the postal history of the region known as Carpathian Ruthenia.
2) A change in the distribution method of the newsletter, which will now be available online through DocStoc for members and non-members to view.
3) Details on two auction items from Carpatho-Ukraine - a postal money order sold for EUR 613 and a letter with Carpatho-Ukraine stamps that sold for EUR 1256.
The document discusses the Czechoslovak field post in Sub-Carpathia (now western Ukraine) in 1919-1920. It describes the union of the region with Czechoslovakia and the presence of Czechoslovak troops in the area at this time. Specifically, it provides details on the operations of Field Post Offices 12, 14, 22, 46, and 75 in Sub-Carpathia, clarifying their locations and periods of operation there based on sources. An example postcard with a rare cancel from Field Post Office 14 in Mukachevo is also shown.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine newsletter, including its purpose and distribution methods. It discusses upcoming events like a member's exhibition and provides an obituary notice. The main article traces the history of a pre-stamp letter sent from Székesfehérvár, Hungary to Bozos, Ukraine in 1835 and discusses how gazetteers were used to identify the location of Bozos.
This document summarizes an article from 1982 about pre-stamp and stampless mail from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It provides examples of early mail from the 1600s-1800s, including military exemptions, official letters, and church letters written in Latin, German, Hungarian, and Russian. The mail examples are drawn from several renowned collectors' collections and represent international cooperation. The article also begins to classify the postal markings used in the pre-stamp period, based on Hungarian classifications. It provides the first part of a planned series covering the postal history and stamps of the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document discusses the postal history of Nyíresfalva, a post office that operated from 1787 to 1838 in the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It provides details on Nyíresfalva from historical maps and texts, noting the village is now called Dunkovytsya and lies on the road from Mukachevo to Khust. The document also shares information on 6 registered letters from the pre-stamp period found in various collections, with one each from Alsó-Vereczke, Munkács, and Tecső and three from Szerednye.
This document is the March 2009 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It contains several articles and summaries: an apology for incorrectly stating when someone died; a discussion of possible forgeries of pre-philatelic Hungarian stamps; background on the newsletter and study circle; and articles about early postmarks from Ungvar and commemorative cards related to the 1939 return of the Carpatho-Ukraine region to Hungary.
This document summarizes information from the January 2009 issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the life of Fedor Feketa, an early 19th century postal worker from Carpatho-Ukraine. It also provides an overview of recent auction highlights of Carpatho-Ukrainian stamps and covers, and analyzes World War I censorship marks used in the region by the Austro-Hungarian army. The article includes pictures and details of specific stamps and postal markings.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter, the Sub-Carpathian Messenger. It discusses the purpose and distribution of the newsletter. It also summarizes an auction of several interesting postal history items from the region, including cash on delivery forms from Munkács in 1919 and a postal cancellation from Dovhoje from 1926. Finally, it provides a summary of a chapter from a book on the Ruthenian emigration to North America, which describes the origins, homeland, and reasons for emigration of the Carpatho-Rusyns between 1885-1914 and 1920-1924.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes summaries of recent auctions containing Carpatho-Ukraine items, as well as maps of the region from the 16th-18th centuries and early 20th century showing postal routes and towns. It provides an overview of resources for researching maps and postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter, the Sub-Carpathian Messenger. It discusses the auction of Tønnes Ore's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history, including a table listing the auction lots, estimated prices, and final sale prices. It also provides an obituary for Otto Hornung, a noted philatelist and journalist who was born in Czechoslovakia and settled in London after having to flee his home country twice.
This document discusses a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information about the study circle, past issues of the newsletter, and rules and regulations. It also contains an article summarizing pre-stamp mail from several towns in the region, including illustrations of covers and postmarks from the period.
The newsletter provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and discusses distributing the newsletter online in the future. It also includes several articles summarizing auction results of Carpatho-Ukraine postal items, describing a 1903 letter that traveled from Romania to Jerusalem in 11 days, and giving an overview of the battles in the Carpathian mountains between Austria-Hungary and Russia during 1914-1915, focusing on the operations of the Szurmay Corps in the Ung Valley.
The newsletter discusses:
1) The formation of a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine, composed of members from different countries.
2) A meeting of the study circle founders in Prague where they discussed cooperation and furthering their shared interest in Carpatho-Ukraine postal history.
3) The occupation of Carpatho-Ukraine by Hungarian forces in March 1939 after the short-lived independence of the Republic of Carpatho-Ukraine, and commemorative postcards produced to celebrate the meeting of Hungarian and Polish forces at the border.
The document is issue 19 of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter from February 2012. It provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine, details on accessing past newsletter issues online, and a call for members to contribute articles. The main article discusses the neglected pre-stamp post office of Nyíresfalva (now Dunkovytsya, Ukraine), including maps showing its location on postal routes from 1786 to 1849. Brief articles also profile two new books on local postal history and describe six rare registered pre-stamp letters from the region.
This document discusses:
1. The field post of the German Southern Army in Subcarpathia in 1915 during World War I as they defended against advancing Russian troops in the region.
2. In late 1914, Russian troops posed a threat of controlling Carpathian mountain passages to the Hungarian plain. German divisions were sent to the area to form a new army with Austrian troops already there.
3. While harsh winter and strong Russian resistance delayed their plans, the German and Austrian forces succeeded in a major breakthrough of the front in May 1915, pushing the Russians back from the region.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter. It discusses the distribution method changing to an online archive and encourages contributions from readers. It also outlines some basic rules and regulations for the newsletter. Several subsequent sections provide historical postal route information and details on postmarks from the region.
The document summarizes information about postal agencies in the territory of Carpatho-Ukraine during the Hungarian administration from 1900 to 1919. It provides details on 3 specific postal agencies - Alsóapsa, Alsóhidegpatak, and Alsókalocsa, including the village names in other languages, dates of operation, and assigned post offices. Multiple sources are cited and compared to determine the most accurate information. Typographical errors in some sources are also noted.
This document discusses the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and its newsletter. It provides information about the group's focus on the history of the region known by various names. It also outlines how past issues of the newsletter can be accessed online and the benefits of joining the Study Circle. Additionally, it shares news about members' exhibits receiving awards and discusses some rules and guidelines for contributions to the newsletter.
This document discusses the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and its newsletter. It provides information about the group's focus on the history of the region known by various names. It also outlines how past issues of the newsletter can be accessed online and the benefits of joining the Study Circle. Additionally, it shares news about members' exhibits receiving awards and discusses some rules and guidelines for contributions to the newsletter.
This document provides summaries of several articles from The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine and changes to distributing the newsletter online. It also summarizes articles on identifying forged postmarks from Tisza Ujlak and analyzing challenging pre-philatelic letters, including an example of an "Abzugsbrief" letter with a reduced postage due to redirection.
This document discusses auction prices and items from Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Recent auctions have seen surprisingly high prices paid for ordinary items from the region. Letters and postcards that would previously sell for a few hundred euros have recently sold for over a thousand euros. Significant rarities from private collections have also achieved high prices. The newsletter provides details on selected lots and items that sold at auction to illustrate the rising interest and prices in Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Experts contribute discussions on forgeries and provide historical context on early postal routes in the region.
This newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine and surrounding areas. It provides an update on the distribution method for the newsletter, wishes a member recovering from a stroke well, and summarizes the early development of Hungary's postal system beginning in the 15th century under King Matthias I. It also shares an old map from 1528 showing Hungary and discusses the establishment of postal routes between Vienna and parts of Hungary in the early 1700s.
The document summarizes the sale of the Georg von Steiden Carpatho-Ukraine stamp collection by Raritan Stamps auction house. It contained 275 lots focusing on stamp issues from 1944-1945 and postal stationery from the region. Some of the highlights that sold for high prices included proofs, errors, and covers with rare usages. The auction realized strong prices showing the significance of the collection for scholars of Carpatho-Ukraine philately.
The newsletter discusses auction news regarding items from Carpatho-Ukraine. Several large collections were sold at auctions in the US and Germany, including high prices paid for stamps, covers, and postal history from the region. The newsletter also provides information on 14 villages in Carpatho-Ukraine, including their current names and historical postal details.
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1. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 1
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger
Newsletter of the Study Circle
for the Postal History of the Carpatho-Ukraine
Number 27 – September 2013
Market in Serednoe (September 2011)
2. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 2
About us and the Newsletter
The Study Circle is a loose group of persons who are interested in the postal (and general) history
of the area known as Kárpátalja in Hungarian, as Podkarpatská Rus during the First Czechoslovak
Republic, which had a short day of independence as Carpatho Ukraine, and later was integrated
into the Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Union as the ‘Zakarpatskaja Oblast’. Since 1991 it is ЗАКАР-
ПАТТЯ, the westernmost administrative district in the now independent Ukraine.
The Newsletter came out of a meeting of a few collectors during the PRAHA 2008, its first number
appeared in November 2008. In the last four years we have always produced five issues per year
but cannot keep this high level and cannot promise regular publication intervals as they depend
on the contributions we are receiving. As we can see from the numbers at the public web site,
this Newsletter is read by more than hundred people.
We send our warm welcome to our new member Bernd REICHWEIN from Germany.
Distribution method
All issues of the »Sub-Carpathian Messenger« can be browsed at and downloaded from the Inter-
net address
http://www.slideshare.net/subcarpathian
As of July 7th
, 2013, 06:30 CEST, the following access counts were shown at this web site:
#001 290 #004 233 #007 223 #010 281 #013 259 #016 164 #019 213 #022 264 #025 110
#002 305 #005 212 #008 516 #011 324 #014 372 #017 211 #020 443 #023 250 #026 24
#003 255 #006 236 #009 365 #012 273 #015 181 #018 272 #021 295 #024 201
For those who have no Internet access and/or no e-mail, the distribution method is still the same:
you will receive a colour print-out by air/surface mail as you did in the past.
Everybody can freely access the uploaded numbers of the Newsletter but the notification service
for new numbers (including an easy download web datalink) will be limited to the members of the
Study Circle. So joining us still has some advantage.
Rules and Regulations
All articles in the Newsletter carrying the name of an author are the sole responsibility of this
author and should not be taken to represent the common opinion of the Study Circle. Such
articles are, if not marked otherwise, copyrighted by the respective author. Free use within the
Study Circle is granted. We thank our authors for their much appreciated work and contribution.
For this issue we have – without expecting it - received a satisfactory number of contributions
from our members.
Participation in the Study Circle is not bound to a formal membership and does not include the
duty to pay a membership fee. There is a moral obligation to support the Newsletter from time
to time by sending some article, some interesting piece of information, some question, some
answer or whatever.
We will “print” everything even only loosely connected with our subject of interest so any contri-
bution is certainly welcome. Please send it (as Word 2003 or 2007 document, graphical elements
in JPEG, 300 dpi) to our editor’s e-mail address (kb@aatc.at). His postal address, if you would
need it, is:
Dr. Helmut Kobelbauer, Untergrossau 81, A-8261 Sinabelkirchen, Austria / Europe
3. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 3
Dénes Czirók
Forgery Alert – The Strange Story of the Hand-Stamp
“K. K. BILKER QRNT AMT”
Towards the end of the eighteenth century the risk of cholera and plague led the well-organized
Austro-Hungarian Empire, along with other European countries, to establish quarantine stations
on their sea and land borders where incoming goods and persons could be subjected to thorough
checks. Special attention was paid to inbound traffic on routes from Russia and Turkey. The
largest quarantine station for marine traffic was in Trieste and for land traffic in Semlin. In addi-
tion there were smaller quarantine stations on the border or in the vicinity such as at Bilke about
20-25 kilometres to the north of Nagyszölös in Carpatho-Ukraine.
To disinfect them, letters were opened, disinfected inside and outside and then closed again.
They were then usually marked on the rear to show that the sheets had been disinfected and
closed again with the quarantine station’s wax seal. The first such marking was used in 1787 at
Semlin.
7 April 1787. The first known disinfection marking from Semlin (collection Dr. H. K.).
The discoloration on front is a result of disinfection.
These sanitation marks do not belong strictly to the postal markings group as the sanitation
stations were part of the health organization rather than the postal administration. Because they
are related to the handling of the mail, however, many of them have been lovingly collected. As
yet, however, no letter has been found with a sanitation mark of the Bilke quarantine station.
The sanitation stations also belonged to the system of official bureaucracy that covered the
entire Austro-Hungarian monarchy. As such they had official names, statutes and seals used on
mail which were rounded or straight. Some of the seals are easy to read, and others are less
readable. Countless such markings are known, of which these are just a few examples:
The red official stamp from the Alsó Vereczke Salzamt in 1819 (collection J. V.).
4. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 4
The city stamp from Léva in 1790.
The official marking used in the city of Schemnitz in 1793.
These official markings have not been categorised or listed individually since they were not
applied by the postal service. However, an official marking was used in 1798 at the quarantine
station at Bilke that is very similar in style to the example shown above from Schemnitz. This is
illustrated below:
The office hand-stamp of the quarantine station at Bilke in 1798
(collection Stamp Museum in Budapest). It clearly has a structural
similarity to the Schemnitz marking shown above.
5. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 5
It is evident that this letter originated from the authorities in charge of the station and has not
been disinfected – thus, the marking is an official stamp rather than a disinfection mark. How-
ever, it was not a postal marking, as there was no post office in Bilke at the time the letter was
sent to Munkacs to go into the mail.
This letter has rested peacefully in the Terfi collection at the Stamp Museum in Budapest for
more than 70 years. When Terfi wrote his seminal volume on pre-philatelic postal markings in
1943, however, he deliberately excluded this hand-stamp as he knew that it was a non-postal
marking. Nor was it included in the book published by Edwin Müller in 1960.
In 1983 a four-man team of authors prepared a new ‘Handbook of the Hungarian Pre-stamp Mail’
for publication and decided to include the Bilke marking even though it was not a postal marking.
In doing so they made three important mistakes:
1. The colour of the ink used on the stamp was stated in the Handbook to be black whereas
in fact it was red.
2. The length of the stamp was reported in the Handbook as 58.5 mm whereas the actual
length is 3 mm shorter (55.5 mm).
3. Finally, they awarded this marking a very high score of 2000 points. This was practically
the highest score of any awarded in the Handbook for the entire Hungarian pre-philately.
To set it in context, the next highest score is 1750 points for a very rare negative ACSA
(2 known), and 1500 points for the negative Bartfeld (less than 15 known) and 1200 points
for the very rare negative CARLSTATT (2 known).
Readers will not be surprised to learn that the story has a sad ending. This high score has
attracted the interest of the forgers because a straight-line marking is the easiest to forge. Three
fake copies are now known, all of them in black ink, 58-59 mm in length and with the features of
the forger’s writing. Each is complete fake; even the writing on the letters is not original. They
are so well-executed that one was sold some years ago by a well-known German auction house for
210 €.
The fake Bilke covers are illustrated below:
FALSCH/FORGERY
FALSCH/FORGERY
6. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 6
FALSCH/FORGERY
What is the moral of the story? We recommend that you ask for an opinion from a qualified ex-
pertiser before purchasing pre-philatelic letters so you do not throw your money down the drain
by buying what you think are valuable postal historical items but are in fact forgeries with no
value at all.
(I thank the cooperation in the translation to English to Mr Bill Hedley.)
Dénes Czirók
VÖB Expert
Extract from map showing Bilke (marked in yellow). The red lines are railways (as of 1918).
In Korabinsky’s gazetteer of Hungary (1789, page 57) we find the following entry for Bilke:
„Bilke, Bilak, ein rußnakisch Dorf im Bereger Kom[itat] r[echts] an der Borschwa 4 M[eilen] von Salank N.No.
[=Nord-Nordost] an den Marmaruscher und Ugotscher Gränzen. 1638 mußten die Gränzstreitigkeiten zwischen
Bilke und Dolha auf dem Landtage durch eine dazu ernannte Kommission beygelegt werden. Griechisch nicht
unirte Kirche. Lipeschey, Gorzo u. a. sind hier Grundherren.“
It mentions neither a quarantine station at Bilke nor its location near an important border. We
would have expected at least a so-called “30tel Amt”, i. e., customs control. Another riddle …
7. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 7
Jan Rompes
Double Circle Postmarks in the Pre-Stamp Period
In the middle of the year 1846 the General Postal Administration in Vienna introduced a centrally
manufactured double circle postmark with the town name at top and a branch-like or palm leaf
like ornament at bottom and the date in figures in the center.
This was the first centrally provided postmark and the era of the postmaster’s postmarks came to
an end. In our area the first post office which used this postmark was Szerednye in 1846 and
gradually the other post offices procured this new type apart from Tetso and used them until the
introduction of the stamps on June 1, 1850 and continued to use them well into the stamp period.
Only a limited number of post offices in Hungary started to use this type of canceller as early as
1846 and – as mentioned before – Szerednye was one of them.
In the period 1846 till June 1, 1850, quite a few changes took place in the postal rates. Parti-
cularly the revolutionary period 1848 – 1849 is of high interest in this respect.
Below I will summarize the three periods covering the usage of the double circle postmarks in this
time frame.
Period 1 August 1, 1842 till May 31, 1848
Distance Weight (loth)
1/2 3/4 1 1,5 2 2,5 3 3,5
Zone 1 (up to 10 miles) 6 9 12 18 24 30 36 42
Zone 2 (over 10 miles) 12 18 24 36 48 60 1,12 1,24
After March 1, 1843:
Zone 1: up to 20 miles; zone 2: over 20 miles.
Period 2 July 1, 1848 till May 30, 1849
During the War of Independence in those parts of Hungary where the Hungarian Government was
in charge. This included and covered the area of the Carpathian-Ukraine.
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
Weight up to 10 miles 10 to 20 miles over 20 miles
up to ½ loth 2 6 10
½ to ¾ loth 3 9 15
¾ to 1 loth 4 12 20
1 – 1,5 loth 6 18 30
1,5 – 2 loth 8 24 40
2 – 3 loth 10 30 50
For those letters mailed from our area to other parts of Austria a newly introduced tariff system
applied, starting from June 1, 1848.
8. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 8
Period 3 June 1, 1848 till May 31, 1850
Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3
Weight up to 10 miles 10 to 20 miles over 20 miles
up to ½ loth 3 6 12
1 loth 6 12 24
1,5 loth 9 18 36
2 loth 12 24 48
2,5 loth 15 30 60
3 loth 18 36 1,12
3,5 loth 21 42 1,24
Starting from April 1, 1849 the middle tariff - Zone 2 - was extended from 20 to 30 miles.
After the suppression of the War of Independence starting from May 31, 1849 this tariff system
became also valid in the whole of Hungary.
When the double circle postmarks were introduced in our area there was little private corre-
spondence. Most letters we will find are of an official nature, mainly from the Popovich archive.
During the revolutionary period correspondence dropped considerably and private letters were
even more scarce.
Below I will present an overview of the known and documented private letters originating from
the period between the middle of 1846 until June 1, 1850, the end of the pre-stamp period.
Moreover the oldest recorded dates of usage are mentioned as well. It gives the readers a good
insight about the rarity of these postmarks on private letters.
I would appreciate if you could stroll through your collection and if you come across other copies,
please send me a scan with date and year of usage. It would be great if examples from Nagy
Szöllös or Polena come to the surface.
This overview has been prepared with the help of Dénes Czirók for which I would like to thank
him.
Post office Date oldest recorded number private
Alsó Vereczke 1847 - 1850 16.1.1848 1
Beregszász 1847 - 1850 6.5.1848 1
Huszt 1847 - 1850 21.12.1847 1
Munkács 1848 - 1850 4.1.1848 2
Nagy Szöllös 1848 - 1850 1.1.1848 -
Polena 1847 - 1850 17.9.1847 -
Szerednye 1846 - 1850 16.2.1847 1
Tisza Ujlak 1848 - 1850 ? 1
Ungvár 1847 - 1850 14.9.1847 6
Tetsö no double circle postmark
As we all love pictures, please find below scans from important private letters:
9. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 9
Alsó Vereczke
Double paid letter from Alsó Vereczke to Ungvár sent on November 13, 1848. On the reverse tax paid
4 kr. Zone 1. Weight ¾ - 1 Loth. Special tariff during the revolutionary period. [coll. Jan Rompes]
Beregszász
Unpaid letter from Beregszsász with route indication Huszt sent to Urmezö on May23,1848.
Arrival postmark of Tetsö on the reverse - nearby post office.
Tax 6 kr. Zone 1. Weight ½ loth. [private coll. in Hungary]
10. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 10
Huszt
Paid letter from Huszt sent to Debreczin on May 19,1848.
Tax 6 kr. Zone 1. Weight ½ loth. Blue double circle postmark! [ex-coll. Miroslav Blaha]
Munkács
Unpaid letter from Munkács sent to Kis-Szeben on November 25,1848.
Arrival postmark of Eperies on the reverse - nearby post office.
Tax 9 kr. Zone 2. Weight ½ - ¾ loth. Special tariff
during the revolutionary period. [ex-coll. Jan Verleg]
11. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 11
Szerednye
Double unpaid letter from Szerednye sent to Kassa on May 7, 1849.
Tax 20 kr. Zone 3. Weight ¾ - 1 loth. Special tariff
during the revolutionary period. [ex-coll. Tønnes Ore]
Tisza Ujlak
Paid letter from Tisza Ujlak sent to Munkács on October 13, 1849.
On the reverse tax paid 3 kr. Zone 1. Weight ½ loth. [ex-coll. Jan Verleg]
12. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 12
Ungvár
Unpaid letter from Ungvár sent to Kassa on October 24, 1848.
Tax 9 kr.Zone 2. Weight ½ - ¾ loth. Special tariff during
the revolutionary period. Blue-green
double circle postmark! [ex-coll. Cronin - Jan Verleg]
Unpaid registered letter from Ungvár sent to Debreczin on July 7, ??.
Tax 6 kr. Zone 1. Weight ½ loth. On the reverse 6 kr. registration fee
paid by the sender. The only registered letter!!
[ex-Paul Jensen, now stamp museum in Banska Bistrica - Slovakia]
Summarizing 13 private letters of which one registered. Apart from Ungvár they are all very rare!
Remarkably as you can notice from the overview, only one letter is recorded from the last tariff
period, the paid Tisza Ujlak cover.
From the revolutionary period there are 4 covers of which the letter from Szerednye - a double
weight one - is absolutely the topper!
Hopefully further research will reveal more examples though the chances are small.
All in all a very interesting period from a postal history point of view and completely underesti-
mated and undervalued.
janrompes@gmail.com
13. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 13
Helmut Kobelbauer
Another Rare Military Cachet from the Great War
As our friend and member Gábor Nagy has described in SCM issues #005 and #009, from winter
1914 till spring of 1915 bloody battles were fought between the Austro-Hungarian and German
forces on one side and numerous Russian armies on the other side along the Carpathian crest.
These terrible events left a number of postal history traces in the form of interesting (and
sometimes rare) military cachets. We can show another one, this time from the command of the
railway station in Bátyú:
Field post card, F. P. O. 116/c (in red), May 7th
, 1915, to Vienna.
With cachet “KUk. BAHNHOF KMDO | BATYU” (in violet).
Picture postcard of railway station in Bátyú during the Great War.
14. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 14
Helmut Kobelbauer
Overview Map of Military Commands in the Habsburg Monarchy
16. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 16
Helmut Kobelbauer
Women Fighting in the Ukrainian Legion
In the Austro-Hungarian Army women were not allowed to serve in the fighting units (or even near
the frontline). The Ukrainian Legion was the only exception:
Photocard from the fights on Makivka mountain, March 8th
, 1915.
(March 8th
by chance later became International Women’s Day.)
The most detailed book on the Ukrainian Legion
(including a number of personal histories of female
and male soldiers and officers) that I have been able
to find is shown with its title page on the left side.
Since 1992 its author, Dr. Ernst Rutkowski (Vienna,
Austria), has written a number of booklets in the
series “Österreichische militärhistorische Forschun-
gen” [Austrian Military Historical Studies] and has
published them with the help of “Verlag A. Holz-
hausens Nfg., A-1070 Wien, Kandlgasse 19-21”.
He has made very effective and productive use of
the documents in the Austrian State Archive and has
thrown light on many aspects and unknown or little-
known events from the Great War and its immediate
aftermath.
The whole series is much recommended – the book
on the “Ukrainische Legion” especially.
17. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 17
Miroslav Bachratý
Special Cancellers of the Postal Directorate in Užhorod
According to Jozef Tekeľ the Postal Directorate in Užhorod was activated on November 27th
, 1919,
and worked until December 31st
, 1921. (Walter Rauch gives as working period 1920 till April 1st
,
1921.) Later is was a branch office (in German: Expositur) of the Postal Directorate in Košice.
The Postal Directorate in Užhorod had – amongst others – a department for economical affairs (in
German: Postwirtschaftsamt) and an office for storage of stamps, postal stationery, and similar
goods (in German: Postlageramt). These two sub-offices had cancellers of their own:
The strikes of these cancellers have only be found on (small) pieces of paper, never on postal
items. Nevertheless, these are delicacies for the advanced collector of Carpatho-Ukrainian postal
history.
18. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 18
Helmut Kobelbauer
Unlisted Czech T.P.O. Cancellation from 1930
In Jan Verleg’s monograph »Carpatho Ukraine. Postal History and Stamps 1786 - 2000« (2nd
edi-
tion, February 2008) on pages 98 to 100 we can find a lot of information on T. P. O. lines and can-
cellations during the Czech period (1918 – 1939).
Amongst these is line 1008, Berehovo (Beregsas) – Ardov – Iršava – Dovhé (Dovhoje) – Kušnica, and
working from 1921 to at least 1938. Jan Verleg lists a canceller with distinguishing sign “a” from
1930 – 1938. We have detected a canceller with distinguishing sign “b” from 1930:
Motif card (Huculs), written June 28th
, 1930, to Basel (Switzerland). With T.P.O. cancellation
“KUŠNICE – BEREHOVO * KУЩНИЦЯ – БЕРЕГОВО * 1008 b” from June 30th
, 1930.
19. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 19
Juan E. Page
Open Questions
After a lot of years collecting KU many questions remain without answers for me. I want to pre-
sent some of these questions in successive issues of the “Messenger” in order to ask all our friends
for additional information that can clarify my doubts. Here is the first one.
THE ORANGE UŽHOROD
Previous data
Everybody knows that the postal bus service (Autopošta) used special postmarks with orange ink.
An excellent study was made by Mr. Jiří Horák and issued in 1995 [1]. In this booklet there is no
mention to the presence of the postal bus in KU, but for my purpose it is interesting to point out
that, according to Mr. Horák, the postal bus was in Košice during the Exhibition of East Czecho-
slovak Republic (Výstava východu ČSR) in 1938 (16.VII-31.VIII) and used several postmarks with
dates from July 16 to July 26. More details: the postal bus was in Košice in July 24 and used the
postmark with identification letter e and was not in Košice in July 25. And finally I will mention
that, according to Mr. Horák, identification letter h does not exist in the Autopošta postmark of
Košice.
But the existence of date postmarks (not Autopošta postmarks!) of Užhorod in orange ink on
pieces of paper is known since many years. I reproduce here one of these pieces showing the
orange postmark type Votoček 74/4 dated 25.VII.38-16 and with identification letter u. With the
postmark of Užhorod there appears one of Košice type “Autopošta” and letter e, the one used on
July 24, but with the date substituted by printing blocks.
It is curious that none of the excellent books dedicated to KU, since the publication of R. Richet
of 1965, mentions this fact. Only Alex Popovich shows one of these postmarks on page 24 of his
booklet »Užhorod on postmarks 1813 - 2010« but without any reference to the color or use. More
interesting is it to discover that none of the most important collections of KU seem to include one
of these postmarks. I studied many exhibition sheets and never found one.
Letters with the orange Užhorod
The first mentioning of the orange Užhorod I could find in the literature was a short paper of
F. Beneš in Filatelie [2]. One letter is reproduced there with the orange postmark of Užhorod type
Votoček 74/4 and identification letter s. The date is 25.VII.38-14 and the letter is correctly paid
with 1 Kčs. Once more the Autopošta of Košice was printed on the cover with the date changed to
printing blocks but the identification letter is now h (!).
20. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 20
During a long time I tried to find additional material without success. And then the collection of
our friend Tønnes Ore appeared for sale and I discovered there a little gem: An airmail postcard
with the orange Užhorod!
Again the postmark is Votoček 74/4, the date 25.VII.38-14 and the letter u. The postcard arrived
at the airport of Prague next day and received the postmark “Praha 7 Letecká pošta 26.VII.38-10".
It was forwarded to Česky Brod maybe the same day (impossible to identify) but at 13 pm. One
Fugner stamp of 50h and a pair of airmails of 50h was used to pay the transport. The postcard
tariff for postcard was then 50h but I have some doubts about the airmail fee because there is an
error in the table 47 of the book of P. Horka [3]. But according to a paper of J. Neumann [4] after
May 2, 1934, and till December 31, 1938, the airmail fee for a postcard was 1 Kčs in addition, so
it seems that the payment is correct.
Conclusions and questions
With the previous data we can conclude a hypothesis. The postal bus based in Košice visited Už-
horod during one day, July 25, 1938; mail was accepted there and date-postmarks (identification
letters u and s) with orange ink were used.
But many questions remain open. Is that hypothesis true? Are there other identification letters?
And other circulated pieces? Can somebody answer all these questions?
[The readership of the “Sub-Carpathian Messenger” is notoriously unresponsive to such questions –
the few exceptions excluded. But I wish Juan good luck.
The editor]
References:
[1] J. Horák “Autopošta v letech 1937-1944" Praha 1995.
[2] F. Beneš “Zajímavost čs. autopošty” Filatelie 2/97, p. 18.
[3] P. Horka “Československá letecká pošta 1918-1939" Trojan, Praha 1997.
[4] J. Neumann “Letecká trať Bratislava-Užhorod” Filatelie 24/89, p. 751.
Juan E. Page
Alcorcón (España)
21. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 21
Peter Cybaniak and Roman Dubyniak
A Letter from 1939
23. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 23
Translation of the letter:
„Respected Friend
Carpatho-Ukraine has become an orphan as three of its largest towns, including its main town Uzhorod,
have been lost. Carpatho-Ukraine is now recovering from this tragic loss and is once again bravely re-
building its communications and its way of life. The District Welfare Office for Children in Velykiy Berez-
niy has managed to save some witness of this tragedy through Czecho-Slovak postal stamps. The set
of three covers is date stamped Uzhorod, Mukachiv and Berehove, in the last days before the Hun-
garians arrived and is a witness and historical document of this tragedy.
The District Welfare Office for Children in Velykiy Berezniy appeals to all Slavs of Czecho-Slovak
Ukraine, to buy the stamps for 6 Czecho-Slovak crowns plus 1 crown for postage. We will duly acknow-
ledge our thanks for all such purchases. This has helped us to assist the children of the Uzhok high-
lands this winter in Carpatho-Ukraine.
The sale of these most interesting philatelic items is organised by the District Welfare Office for Children
in Velykiy Berezniy, Carpatho-Ukraine.
M. Antolik (Secretary) L. Potokiy (Chairman)“
Background to the letter:
In 1919 Czechoslovakia promised Carpatho-Ukraine autonomy. Sadly they did not keep their pro-
mise. They ceded the Western half of Carpatho-Ukraine (Priashivshchyna) to Slovakia and gave
limited autonomy to the Eastern half of Carpatho-Ukraine.
Under the limited autonomy granted to the Eastern half of Carpatho-Ukraine life was bearable for
Ukrainians who lived there, as the Ukrainian language though not promoted was allowed to be
used. We see this in the dual languages used on postal date stamps – Czech and Ukrainian for the
postal town names.
On the 2nd
November 1938, Hungary, Germany and Italy in talks at Vienna, Austria [sorry – not
anymore – Deutsches Reich. The editor], agreed that Czechoslovakia should cede Priashivshchyna
(Western Carpatho-Ukraine) as far as Koshytsi (S5) and Eastern Carpatho-Ukraine as far as
Uzhorod (U5), to Hungary. The Ukrainians of Carpatho-Ukraine were not invited to the talks in
Vienna. To the horror of the Ukrainians of Carpatho-Ukraine they heard that the Hungarians
would start their invasion on the 7th
November 1938.
Here we see that the District Wel-
fare Office for Children in Velykiy
Berezniy (U5) acted quickly and be-
fore the Hungarians invaded they
managed to have envelopes with
Czech stamps date stamped with
the dual language date stamps of
Uzhorod (U5), Mukachiv (V6) and
Berehove (V6).
They did this both to document this
tragedy and to raise money for
their welfare work.
The Hungarians duly invaded and
the Ukrainian language was banned
from use as we see from the one
language Hungarian date stamps
that the Hungarians introduced.
24. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 27 (September 2013) Page: 24
Helmut Kobelbauer
Hitler and Horthy
Each nation – including the Hungarian nation under the rule of Viktor Orbán – has the right to
transfigure its past. It is up to us whether we believe such historical misrepresentations or not. As
a person quite interested in the past and present state of Hungary and the well-being of my Hun-
garian friends, I hereby exercise my right to put a few things into perspective.
The editor
Meeting of the heads of states between Hitler and Horthy – August 22nd
, 1938.
„Horthy ließ nämlich nach der Besetzung Ungarns durch die Deutschen ohne Protest die Deportation von fast
einer halben Million Ungarn jüdischer Abstammung in die deutschen Konzentrationslager zu. Darunter Menschen,
die ihn glücklich empfangen hatten, als er ins das restituierte Siebenbürgen, und nach der Rückgliederung von
Oberungarn (Teil der heutigen Slowakei) in Kaschau, der Geburtsstadt meines Vaters, einmarschierte. Diese
glücklichen ungarischen Staatsbürger hat die ungarische Verwaltung durch ungarische Gendarmen zur vollen
Zufriedenheit eines kleinen SS-Kommandos im Rekordtempo einfangen lassen und nach Auschwitz abtrans-
portiert.
Heute wissen wir, dass Horthy über das, was mit diesen 450.000 Menschen in den Todeslagern geschehen würde,
völlig im Bilde war.“
Paul Lendvai, »Leben eines Grenzgängers. Erinnerungen«, Vienna (2013), page 130.
Among the 450.000 murdered Hungarians of Jewish descent there were at least 90.000 from the
Kárpátalja.
Would you consider it proper to now celebrate Mr. Horthy as the Great Father of Hungary – he
who let take away nearly half a million Hungarian citizens and had them sent to their cruel death?