This document provides summaries of several articles from The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine and changes to distributing the newsletter online. It also summarizes articles on identifying forged postmarks from Tisza Ujlak and analyzing challenging pre-philatelic letters, including an example of an "Abzugsbrief" letter with a reduced postage due to redirection.
This document discusses the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and its newsletter. It provides information about the group's focus on the history of the region known by various names. It also outlines how past issues of the newsletter can be accessed online and the benefits of joining the Study Circle. Additionally, it shares news about members' exhibits receiving awards and discusses some rules and guidelines for contributions to the newsletter.
This document discusses the examination of negative UNGVAR cancellations on letters from the early 19th century. It summarizes:
1) Nine letters purported to bear the rare negative UNGVAR cancellation have been examined, but all were determined to be forgeries based on inconsistencies in the placement and color of the cancellation.
2) The only known genuine example is held in the Stamp Museum in Budapest, and provides a baseline for comparison.
3) An examination of details like address styles, rates, and physical characteristics often revealed inconsistencies indicating the letters were forged. While no single aspect proves forgery, taken together they cast strong doubt on the authenticity of the pieces.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes summaries of recent auctions containing Carpatho-Ukraine items, as well as maps of the region from the 16th-18th centuries and early 20th century showing postal routes and towns. It provides an overview of resources for researching maps and postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine.
The newsletter discusses auction news regarding items from Carpatho-Ukraine. Several large collections were sold at auctions in the US and Germany, including high prices paid for stamps, covers, and postal history from the region. The newsletter also provides information on 14 villages in Carpatho-Ukraine, including their current names and historical postal details.
This document discusses:
1. The field post of the German Southern Army in Subcarpathia in 1915 during World War I as they defended against advancing Russian troops in the region.
2. In late 1914, Russian troops posed a threat of controlling Carpathian mountain passages to the Hungarian plain. German divisions were sent to the area to form a new army with Austrian troops already there.
3. While harsh winter and strong Russian resistance delayed their plans, the German and Austrian forces succeeded in a major breakthrough of the front in May 1915, pushing the Russians back from the region.
1) In late December 1914, Crown Prince Karl Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary visited troops in Upper Hungary, including in the territory commanded by Lieutenant General Rónai-Horváth.
2) Strict precautions were taken to ensure the Crown Prince's safety during his visit, including banning civilian traffic and cleaning roads.
3) On December 30th, the Crown Prince was scheduled to travel by automobile from Munkács to Ungvár and then continue by special royal train to meet Rónai-Horváth's troops.
1) The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the study circle and newsletter, provides information on accessing past newsletters, and outlines rules for article submissions.
2) It provides an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, an expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately, discussing his background and contributions to the field.
3) It summarizes and provides images of items from Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine that were auctioned, including covers, stamps, and sheets, noting that the items are considered expertized due to coming from his collection.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, a renowned expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately. It summarizes his collection and career, and reprints auction listings of stamps from his collection of Carpatho-Ukraine, including provisional issues from Khust and Mukacevo in 1944, which received prices above their estimates. It provides information about the study circle and accessing back issues of the newsletter online.
This document discusses the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and its newsletter. It provides information about the group's focus on the history of the region known by various names. It also outlines how past issues of the newsletter can be accessed online and the benefits of joining the Study Circle. Additionally, it shares news about members' exhibits receiving awards and discusses some rules and guidelines for contributions to the newsletter.
This document discusses the examination of negative UNGVAR cancellations on letters from the early 19th century. It summarizes:
1) Nine letters purported to bear the rare negative UNGVAR cancellation have been examined, but all were determined to be forgeries based on inconsistencies in the placement and color of the cancellation.
2) The only known genuine example is held in the Stamp Museum in Budapest, and provides a baseline for comparison.
3) An examination of details like address styles, rates, and physical characteristics often revealed inconsistencies indicating the letters were forged. While no single aspect proves forgery, taken together they cast strong doubt on the authenticity of the pieces.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes summaries of recent auctions containing Carpatho-Ukraine items, as well as maps of the region from the 16th-18th centuries and early 20th century showing postal routes and towns. It provides an overview of resources for researching maps and postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine.
The newsletter discusses auction news regarding items from Carpatho-Ukraine. Several large collections were sold at auctions in the US and Germany, including high prices paid for stamps, covers, and postal history from the region. The newsletter also provides information on 14 villages in Carpatho-Ukraine, including their current names and historical postal details.
This document discusses:
1. The field post of the German Southern Army in Subcarpathia in 1915 during World War I as they defended against advancing Russian troops in the region.
2. In late 1914, Russian troops posed a threat of controlling Carpathian mountain passages to the Hungarian plain. German divisions were sent to the area to form a new army with Austrian troops already there.
3. While harsh winter and strong Russian resistance delayed their plans, the German and Austrian forces succeeded in a major breakthrough of the front in May 1915, pushing the Russians back from the region.
1) In late December 1914, Crown Prince Karl Franz Josef of Austria-Hungary visited troops in Upper Hungary, including in the territory commanded by Lieutenant General Rónai-Horváth.
2) Strict precautions were taken to ensure the Crown Prince's safety during his visit, including banning civilian traffic and cleaning roads.
3) On December 30th, the Crown Prince was scheduled to travel by automobile from Munkács to Ungvár and then continue by special royal train to meet Rónai-Horváth's troops.
1) The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the study circle and newsletter, provides information on accessing past newsletters, and outlines rules for article submissions.
2) It provides an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, an expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately, discussing his background and contributions to the field.
3) It summarizes and provides images of items from Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine that were auctioned, including covers, stamps, and sheets, noting that the items are considered expertized due to coming from his collection.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It includes an obituary for Jay Thomas Carrigan, a renowned expert on Carpatho-Ukraine philately. It summarizes his collection and career, and reprints auction listings of stamps from his collection of Carpatho-Ukraine, including provisional issues from Khust and Mukacevo in 1944, which received prices above their estimates. It provides information about the study circle and accessing back issues of the newsletter online.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter. It discusses the distribution method changing to an online archive and encourages contributions from readers. It also outlines some basic rules and regulations for the newsletter. Several subsequent sections provide historical postal route information and details on postmarks from the region.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins, purpose, and activities. The newsletter is distributed online and via mail. This issue features articles from various authors, including a letter from 1821 with unusual postmarks, an 1858 letter between Kaschau and Alsó Vereczke franked with Austrian stamps, and a mystery 1917 censor mark on a postal card from Huszt. The newsletter seeks to share information about postal history from the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
This newsletter summarizes the final issue of the Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the readership and contributions over the past 6 years of publishing 722 pages of content. It thanks authors and readers for their support. The final article discusses the auction of a rare 3-color franking from 1859 with the earliest known use of a Rahó postmark on the Austrian 1858 issue. It was sold for a relatively low price and the buyer is congratulated. The newsletter is concluding after 6 years of publication.
This newsletter provides information on postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses the sale of stamps from the first Austrian issue with postmarks from the region. It also features covers sent to Szőllősvégardó in 1830 and 1859, an early letter from Kaszony in 1859, uses of the first correspondence cards in the region in 1870-1871, and excerpts from a 1905 travel guide on visiting the region. Photographs show the construction of a railway bridge in 1905 and postcards from Volosyanka postmarked in 1929.
This document discusses the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and its newsletter. It provides information about the group's focus on the history of the region known by various names. It also outlines how past issues of the newsletter can be accessed online and the benefits of joining the Study Circle. Additionally, it shares news about members' exhibits receiving awards and discusses some rules and guidelines for contributions to the newsletter.
This document is the March 2009 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It contains several articles and summaries: an apology for incorrectly stating when someone died; a discussion of possible forgeries of pre-philatelic Hungarian stamps; background on the newsletter and study circle; and articles about early postmarks from Ungvar and commemorative cards related to the 1939 return of the Carpatho-Ukraine region to Hungary.
The document is a newsletter of the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information on:
1) The organization and goals of the Study Circle, which studies the postal history of the region known as Carpathian Ruthenia.
2) A change in the distribution method of the newsletter, which will now be available online through DocStoc for members and non-members to view.
3) Details on two auction items from Carpatho-Ukraine - a postal money order sold for EUR 613 and a letter with Carpatho-Ukraine stamps that sold for EUR 1256.
This newsletter provides updates on postal history findings related to Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses:
1) A registered letter from 1851 in Ungvár with transit and arrival marks.
2) Three picture postcards from 1915 in Beregszász with a new "Weiterleiten" military censorship mark.
3) A field post card from 1919 indicating Polní Pošta 12 was located in Munkács, contradicting previous beliefs.
4) Details on the use of orange cancellation marks in Užhorod in 1938 and the locations of various Czechoslovak field post offices during that period.
The document summarizes information about postal agencies in the territory of Carpatho-Ukraine during the Hungarian administration from 1900 to 1919. It provides details on 3 specific postal agencies - Alsóapsa, Alsóhidegpatak, and Alsókalocsa, including the village names in other languages, dates of operation, and assigned post offices. Multiple sources are cited and compared to determine the most accurate information. Typographical errors in some sources are also noted.
This document discusses auction prices and items from Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Recent auctions have seen surprisingly high prices paid for ordinary items from the region. Letters and postcards that would previously sell for a few hundred euros have recently sold for over a thousand euros. Significant rarities from private collections have also achieved high prices. The newsletter provides details on selected lots and items that sold at auction to illustrate the rising interest and prices in Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Experts contribute discussions on forgeries and provide historical context on early postal routes in the region.
This newsletter issue provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and includes several articles related to the region's postal history. It describes an auction where a complete set of early postcards from Podkarpatská Rus sold for €658. It also details the formation of the 1st Royal Hungarian Home-Guard Hussars Brigade and includes images of documents from the unit. Further, it discusses postal agencies that operated in Carpatho-Ukraine and presents pieces with cancels from Őrhegyalja and Křivá.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter's editorship and distribution methods. It also provides summaries of items from a recent philatelic auction featuring Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares pictures and details of postal history items exchanged between locations in the Carpatho-Ukraine region during the late 1840s-early 1920s time period.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine newsletter, including its purpose and distribution methods. It discusses upcoming events like a member's exhibition and provides an obituary notice. The main article traces the history of a pre-stamp letter sent from Székesfehérvár, Hungary to Bozos, Ukraine in 1835 and discusses how gazetteers were used to identify the location of Bozos.
The document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter, with the editor planning to step down after 10 years. It also provides summaries of recent auctions involving Carpatho-Ukraine postal history items. Additionally, it shares information from members on rare mail routes from the region in the 18th and 19th centuries, including additions to knowledge from a previous article.
This newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine and surrounding areas. It provides an update on the distribution method for the newsletter, wishes a member recovering from a stroke well, and summarizes the early development of Hungary's postal system beginning in the 15th century under King Matthias I. It also shares an old map from 1528 showing Hungary and discusses the establishment of postal routes between Vienna and parts of Hungary in the early 1700s.
This document is the February 2018 issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine, including that the editor will stop editing after 10 years in November 2018. It summarizes auction results for postal history from the region. It also begins showcasing pieces from the renowned Béla Simády collection on the postal history of the region in 1945, with detailed images and descriptions of covers, cards, and cancellations from that period.
The document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group and their newsletter, provides access statistics for digital issues, and contains two articles about postal routes and connections in the region of Carpatho-Ukraine in 1849 before the introduction of postage stamps. Maps and tables from an 1849 Austrian postal map show routes between towns like Munkacs, Bereghszasz, and Huszt.
The newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (also known as Podkarpatská Rus, Kárpátalja, and Zakarpattya). It announces that the editor will stop editing the newsletter after the November 2018 issue unless someone volunteers to take over. It also provides updates on auctions of Carpatho-Ukraine collections, including one by Walter Rauch that did not meet reserve, and announces the third online edition of Jan Verleg's monograph on Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares information about prisoner of war camps located in the region during WWI.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information about the group and their newsletter, as well as articles contributed by members on the postal history topics of the region. These include pictures and examples of pre-stamp and early stamped mail sent to and from the area now part of Ukraine. The newsletter aims to share knowledge and research on the postal history and philately of Carpatho-Ukraine.
This document summarizes information about double circle postmarks used in the Carpatho-Ukraine region between 1846-1850, prior to the introduction of postage stamps. It provides an overview of postal rates during this period as they changed over time. It also lists the earliest known usage dates of double circle postmarks for various post offices in the region, such as Alsó Vereczke on January 16, 1848. Few private letters from the period still exist, and the document shows images of rare examples from Alsó Vereczke and Beregszász to illustrate these findings.
This document is the November 2018 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses that this will be the last issue edited by the current editor after 10 years, and invites others to take over. It also continues showcasing pieces from the stamp collection of Bela Simady, with descriptions of postal markings and rates seen on 14 sheets of letters and cards mailed in the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
This issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger discusses postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region that were recently sold at auction. It also provides historical context about places mentioned, including Nagyszőllős and Szőllősvégardó, through entries from old gazetteers and maps. In addition, the issue announces that the editor will stop publishing the newsletter after 10 years in November 2018 unless someone takes over the role.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter. It discusses the distribution method changing to an online archive and encourages contributions from readers. It also outlines some basic rules and regulations for the newsletter. Several subsequent sections provide historical postal route information and details on postmarks from the region.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins, purpose, and activities. The newsletter is distributed online and via mail. This issue features articles from various authors, including a letter from 1821 with unusual postmarks, an 1858 letter between Kaschau and Alsó Vereczke franked with Austrian stamps, and a mystery 1917 censor mark on a postal card from Huszt. The newsletter seeks to share information about postal history from the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
This newsletter summarizes the final issue of the Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It discusses the readership and contributions over the past 6 years of publishing 722 pages of content. It thanks authors and readers for their support. The final article discusses the auction of a rare 3-color franking from 1859 with the earliest known use of a Rahó postmark on the Austrian 1858 issue. It was sold for a relatively low price and the buyer is congratulated. The newsletter is concluding after 6 years of publication.
This newsletter provides information on postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses the sale of stamps from the first Austrian issue with postmarks from the region. It also features covers sent to Szőllősvégardó in 1830 and 1859, an early letter from Kaszony in 1859, uses of the first correspondence cards in the region in 1870-1871, and excerpts from a 1905 travel guide on visiting the region. Photographs show the construction of a railway bridge in 1905 and postcards from Volosyanka postmarked in 1929.
This document discusses the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and its newsletter. It provides information about the group's focus on the history of the region known by various names. It also outlines how past issues of the newsletter can be accessed online and the benefits of joining the Study Circle. Additionally, it shares news about members' exhibits receiving awards and discusses some rules and guidelines for contributions to the newsletter.
This document is the March 2009 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It contains several articles and summaries: an apology for incorrectly stating when someone died; a discussion of possible forgeries of pre-philatelic Hungarian stamps; background on the newsletter and study circle; and articles about early postmarks from Ungvar and commemorative cards related to the 1939 return of the Carpatho-Ukraine region to Hungary.
The document is a newsletter of the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information on:
1) The organization and goals of the Study Circle, which studies the postal history of the region known as Carpathian Ruthenia.
2) A change in the distribution method of the newsletter, which will now be available online through DocStoc for members and non-members to view.
3) Details on two auction items from Carpatho-Ukraine - a postal money order sold for EUR 613 and a letter with Carpatho-Ukraine stamps that sold for EUR 1256.
This newsletter provides updates on postal history findings related to Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses:
1) A registered letter from 1851 in Ungvár with transit and arrival marks.
2) Three picture postcards from 1915 in Beregszász with a new "Weiterleiten" military censorship mark.
3) A field post card from 1919 indicating Polní Pošta 12 was located in Munkács, contradicting previous beliefs.
4) Details on the use of orange cancellation marks in Užhorod in 1938 and the locations of various Czechoslovak field post offices during that period.
The document summarizes information about postal agencies in the territory of Carpatho-Ukraine during the Hungarian administration from 1900 to 1919. It provides details on 3 specific postal agencies - Alsóapsa, Alsóhidegpatak, and Alsókalocsa, including the village names in other languages, dates of operation, and assigned post offices. Multiple sources are cited and compared to determine the most accurate information. Typographical errors in some sources are also noted.
This document discusses auction prices and items from Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Recent auctions have seen surprisingly high prices paid for ordinary items from the region. Letters and postcards that would previously sell for a few hundred euros have recently sold for over a thousand euros. Significant rarities from private collections have also achieved high prices. The newsletter provides details on selected lots and items that sold at auction to illustrate the rising interest and prices in Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Experts contribute discussions on forgeries and provide historical context on early postal routes in the region.
This newsletter issue provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and includes several articles related to the region's postal history. It describes an auction where a complete set of early postcards from Podkarpatská Rus sold for €658. It also details the formation of the 1st Royal Hungarian Home-Guard Hussars Brigade and includes images of documents from the unit. Further, it discusses postal agencies that operated in Carpatho-Ukraine and presents pieces with cancels from Őrhegyalja and Křivá.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter's editorship and distribution methods. It also provides summaries of items from a recent philatelic auction featuring Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares pictures and details of postal history items exchanged between locations in the Carpatho-Ukraine region during the late 1840s-early 1920s time period.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine newsletter, including its purpose and distribution methods. It discusses upcoming events like a member's exhibition and provides an obituary notice. The main article traces the history of a pre-stamp letter sent from Székesfehérvár, Hungary to Bozos, Ukraine in 1835 and discusses how gazetteers were used to identify the location of Bozos.
The document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses upcoming changes to the newsletter, with the editor planning to step down after 10 years. It also provides summaries of recent auctions involving Carpatho-Ukraine postal history items. Additionally, it shares information from members on rare mail routes from the region in the 18th and 19th centuries, including additions to knowledge from a previous article.
This newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine and surrounding areas. It provides an update on the distribution method for the newsletter, wishes a member recovering from a stroke well, and summarizes the early development of Hungary's postal system beginning in the 15th century under King Matthias I. It also shares an old map from 1528 showing Hungary and discusses the establishment of postal routes between Vienna and parts of Hungary in the early 1700s.
This document is the February 2018 issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger newsletter. It provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine, including that the editor will stop editing after 10 years in November 2018. It summarizes auction results for postal history from the region. It also begins showcasing pieces from the renowned Béla Simády collection on the postal history of the region in 1945, with detailed images and descriptions of covers, cards, and cancellations from that period.
The document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group and their newsletter, provides access statistics for digital issues, and contains two articles about postal routes and connections in the region of Carpatho-Ukraine in 1849 before the introduction of postage stamps. Maps and tables from an 1849 Austrian postal map show routes between towns like Munkacs, Bereghszasz, and Huszt.
The newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (also known as Podkarpatská Rus, Kárpátalja, and Zakarpattya). It announces that the editor will stop editing the newsletter after the November 2018 issue unless someone volunteers to take over. It also provides updates on auctions of Carpatho-Ukraine collections, including one by Walter Rauch that did not meet reserve, and announces the third online edition of Jan Verleg's monograph on Carpatho-Ukraine postal history. Additionally, it shares information about prisoner of war camps located in the region during WWI.
This document is a newsletter from the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information about the group and their newsletter, as well as articles contributed by members on the postal history topics of the region. These include pictures and examples of pre-stamp and early stamped mail sent to and from the area now part of Ukraine. The newsletter aims to share knowledge and research on the postal history and philately of Carpatho-Ukraine.
This document summarizes information about double circle postmarks used in the Carpatho-Ukraine region between 1846-1850, prior to the introduction of postage stamps. It provides an overview of postal rates during this period as they changed over time. It also lists the earliest known usage dates of double circle postmarks for various post offices in the region, such as Alsó Vereczke on January 16, 1848. Few private letters from the period still exist, and the document shows images of rare examples from Alsó Vereczke and Beregszász to illustrate these findings.
This document is the November 2018 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It discusses that this will be the last issue edited by the current editor after 10 years, and invites others to take over. It also continues showcasing pieces from the stamp collection of Bela Simady, with descriptions of postal markings and rates seen on 14 sheets of letters and cards mailed in the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
This issue of The Sub-Carpathian Messenger discusses postal history items from the Carpatho-Ukraine region that were recently sold at auction. It also provides historical context about places mentioned, including Nagyszőllős and Szőllősvégardó, through entries from old gazetteers and maps. In addition, the issue announces that the editor will stop publishing the newsletter after 10 years in November 2018 unless someone takes over the role.
This issue of the newsletter discusses postal history and transportation infrastructure in the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It begins by confirming the use of Correspondenz-Karte postal cards in Ungvár in 1870. Pages are then dedicated to identifying the correct railway viaduct pictured from a previous issue and providing historical context on its repair. Scans from a 1928 tourist guide to the Podkarpatská Rus region are shared, alongside relevant sections from a 1937 road map. The issue concludes by showing a 1919 Czechoslovak field post letter originating from Perecsény.
This newsletter issue provides information about an interest group focused on the postal history of Carpathian Ukraine. It includes pictures and postcards from the early 1900s time period showing places like Volosyanka. It also summarizes information from other sources about early airmail routes in the region during Czechoslovak rule, including a short-lived airmail connection between Spišská Nová Ves and Užhorod in June 1919 to reconnect separated army groups. Finally, it shows several covers and postcards mailed from Volosyanka and Užok during the Czechoslovak period in the early 20th century.
The document is the October 2016 issue of "The Sub-Carpathian Messenger", a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the Study Circle that studies the region, provides information about accessing past newsletters online, and reprints the catalog from an auction of the renowned Jay Thomas Carrigan collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history. The catalog offers over 150 lots of stamps, covers, and postal stationery from the period.
The document is a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides details about an auction of the renowned philatelist Jay T. Carrigan's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history. The auction contained rare stamps with inverted surcharges, double surcharges, stamps with different types of surcharges, and covers mailed from Carpatho-Ukraine. Many of the lots surpassed the estimated prices due to the importance of Carrigan's collection in documenting the postal history of this region.
This newsletter provides information about a study circle focused on the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It discusses the group's origins and distribution of its newsletter online and via mail. The newsletter also summarizes recent auction results of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and cancels. Additionally, it shares pictures of postcards and railway post office cancels from the region, and provides details on postmarks used when the area briefly rejoined Hungary in 1938.
This newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine (Zakarpattya). It provides an update on the Study Circle and its newsletter. It summarizes recent auction results including field postcards and money transfer orders from the region. It also reports on exhibits at Europhilex 2015 praising the Carpatho-Ukraine and Hungarian exhibits while noting room for improvement. Finally, it raises unsolved questions about district marks used during the Hungarian administration of the region.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter, the Sub-Carpathian Messenger. It discusses the auction of Tønnes Ore's collection of Carpatho-Ukraine stamps and postal history, including a table listing the auction lots, estimated prices, and final sale prices. It also provides an obituary for Otto Hornung, a noted philatelist and journalist who was born in Czechoslovakia and settled in London after having to flee his home country twice.
This document discusses a newsletter about the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides information about the study circle, past issues of the newsletter, and rules and regulations. It also contains an article summarizing pre-stamp mail from several towns in the region, including illustrations of covers and postmarks from the period.
This document summarizes an article from 1982 about pre-stamp and stampless mail from the Carpatho-Ukraine region. It provides examples of early mail from the 1600s-1800s, including military exemptions, official letters, and church letters written in Latin, German, Hungarian, and Russian. The mail examples are drawn from several renowned collectors' collections and represent international cooperation. The article also begins to classify the postal markings used in the pre-stamp period, based on Hungarian classifications. It provides the first part of a planned series covering the postal history and stamps of the Carpatho-Ukraine region.
The document discusses the Czechoslovak field post in Sub-Carpathia (now western Ukraine) in 1919-1920. It describes the union of the region with Czechoslovakia and the presence of Czechoslovak troops in the area at this time. Specifically, it provides details on the operations of Field Post Offices 12, 14, 22, 46, and 75 in Sub-Carpathia, clarifying their locations and periods of operation there based on sources. An example postcard with a rare cancel from Field Post Office 14 in Mukachevo is also shown.
This document provides information about the Study Circle for the Postal History of Carpatho-Ukraine and their newsletter, the Sub-Carpathian Messenger. It discusses the purpose and distribution of the newsletter. It also summarizes an auction of several interesting postal history items from the region, including cash on delivery forms from Munkács in 1919 and a postal cancellation from Dovhoje from 1926. Finally, it provides a summary of a chapter from a book on the Ruthenian emigration to North America, which describes the origins, homeland, and reasons for emigration of the Carpatho-Rusyns between 1885-1914 and 1920-1924.
The newsletter discusses the postal history of Carpatho-Ukraine. It provides details about a study circle focused on this topic and their newsletter. The document includes an article summarizing the postal services established by Ferenc Rákóczi II, Prince of Transylvania in 1703-1711. Rákóczi set up four main postal routes and several minor routes across territories he controlled. The service transported letters and passengers and was mainly used for military purposes to support the rebellion against the Habsburgs.
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1. The Sub-Carpathian Messenger
Newsletter of the Study Circle
for the Postal History of the Carpatho-Ukraine
Number 7 – September 2009
The main post office in U horod (about 1920)
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 1
2. About us and the Newsletter
The Study Circle is a loose group of persons who are interested in the postal (and general)
history of the area known as Kárpátalja in Hungarian, as Podkarpatská Rus during the First
Czechoslovak Republic, which had a short day of independence as Carpatho Ukraine, and
later was integrated into the Ukrainian SSR in the Soviet Union as the ‘Zakarpatskaja Ob-
last’. Since 1991 it is , the westernmost administrative district in the Ukraine.
The Newsletter came out of a meeting of a few collectors during the PRAHA 2008, its first
number appeared in November 2008. Since then it has been growing steadily. We aim to
produce between four and six numbers per year (if input allows) but do not promise regu-
lar publication intervals.
Change in distribution method
With the (much appreciated !) help of John Lechtanski we have found a public place where
we can store all issues of our Newsletter – at no cost which is even better than expected.
Since #006 you can view and download each issue (including the “old” ones) from the Web
address:
http://www.docstoc.com/collection/128/The-Sub-Carpathian-Messenger
For downloading you will need to register with DocStoc which again is free of charge. If
you encounter some problems with access to the mentioned web site, please let us know.
For those who have no Internet access and/or no e-mail, the distribution method will stay
the same: you will receive a colour print-out by air/surface mail as you did in the past.
In future everybody can freely access the uploaded numbers of the Newsletter but the
notification service will be limited to the members of the Study Circle. So joining us still
has some advantage.
Congratulations to Tønnes Ore for a well-deserved Gold medal at the FEPA exhibition in
Sofia, Bulgaria (Postal History of Carpatho Ukraine — 8 frames, 91 points). And we send our
warm welcome to Bob KOCHTUBAJDA (Canada) and Paul KRAUS (Israel).
Rules and Regulations
All articles in the Newsletter carrying the name of an author are the sole responsibility of
this author and should not be taken to represent the common opinion of the Study Circle.
Such articles are, if not marked otherwise, copyrighted by the respective author. Free use
within the Study Circle is granted.
Participation in the Study Circle is not bound to a formal membership and does not include
the duty to pay a membership fee. There is a moral obligation to support the Newsletter
from time to time by sending some article, some interesting piece of information, some
question, some answer or whatever.
We will “print” everything even only loosely connected with our subject of interest so any
contribution is certainly welcome. Please send it (as Word 2003 document, graphical ele-
ments in JPEG, 300 dpi) to our editor’s e-mail address (kb@aatc.at). His postal address is:
Dr. Helmut Kobelbauer
Untergrossau 81, A-8261 Sinabelkirchen, Austria / Europe
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 2
3. Helmut Kobelbauer & Friends
The second pre-stamp postmark of Tisza Ujlak
The following pictures show the second pre-stamp postmark of Tisza Ujlak as present in a
number of collections. This post office was opened in 1836, and the postmark shown (ac-
cording to literature) was used from 1838 to 1847, always appearing in black colour. These
postmarks have been scanned with 600 or 1200 dpi and have been stored as bitmaps (file
format BMP). Such pictures can be enlarged (within reason) without loss of detail. As far as
we know (and hope), the shown postmarks are genuine.
Please be aware that the pictures are not (exactly) to the same scale. This makes compari-
sons a bit difficult. Anyway, one has also to consider the letter (or cover) itself, the ink,
the writing, the paper, and other components before making a judgement.
December 12, 1838 (collection J. Rompes)
December 18, 1838 (collection T. Ore)
April 3, 1839 (collection J. Verleg)
July 6, 1839 (collection H. Kobelbauer, ex Dr. Hanus)
August 21, 1839 (collection H. Kobelbauer, ex Ing. Müller, Dr. Jerger)
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 3
4. September 23, 1841 (collection J. Verleg – repaired postmark)
May 1843 (collection H. Kobelbauer, ex Dr. Simády)
December 12, 1843 (collection T. Ore)
June 29, 1847 (collection J. Rompes)
Other pictures of the same postmark are available in EXPONET (www.exponent.info) from
the respective collections of Otto Hornung (sheet 18 – 8/6/1839), Miroslav Blaha (sheet 14
– 1841), and the late Walter Rauch (sheet 14 – 1843).
The pictures on EXPONET are only 300 dpi and JPEG, so in rather low optical resolution.
Especially enlargening them for comparison is not really working – JPEG is a data format
with compression and does not keep the original picture elements intact. Therefore the
following pictures should not be taken as the base for a decision whether the shown post-
mark is genuine or fake.
August 6, 1839 (collection O. Hornung on EXPONET)
1841 (collection M. Blaha on EXPONET)
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 4
5. 1843 (collection W. Rauch on EXPONET)
Since many pre-stamp postmarks from Hungary have come in doubt or, as some would say,
have been found to be fakes, there is now the Gervay Foundation in Budapest which buys
and preserves covers and letters which are considered to be dangerous fakes and forgeries.
(You may study them at their premises but must not make copies or scans.) One example
from Tisza Ujlak is in the respective collection:
From the Gervay Foundation: Forged postmark of Tisza Ujlak
Forgery from Gervay Foundation
(enlargened)
Both Jan Rompes and Jan Verleg pointed out that especially the letter “S” in “TISZA” is
clearly different from the original.
During the discussion after a presentation at the “Vindobona” club in Vienna the (Austrian)
president of the (German) “Arbeitsgemeinschaft Ungarn”, Karl Endrödi, mentioned that
one large class of forgeries is usually recognizable because there the stamps are painted,
not strikes of a (forged) metal canceller.
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 5
6. Tønnes Ore
Challenging prephilatelic letters
The analysis of prephilatelic letters from Carpatho-Ukraine rarely presents serious challen-
ges to the postal historian. Letters to abroad are virtually non-existent, and the inland
rates depending on distance and weight are well known. And from the 1830s the official
letters normally went without any markings related to postage, as they were not paid in
cash by the receiver. It is all the more interesting when one comes across letters which
differ from the "normal", and I shall present two examples below.
75%
The first letter is an official letter (hívatalból) from Nagy Szöll s dated November 23,
1831. It is adressed to (Máramaros-)Szigeth, but then redirected to Beregszász. The easy
part is a clear tax figure '6' in red: The distance from Nagy Szöll s to Beregszász was less
than three stages (Poststationen), which leads us to conclude that the letter weighed bet-
ween 1 and 1½ Loth, as the postage for up to 3 stages was 2 Kreuzer per ½ Loth. So far so
good – quite ordinary. But then comes the interesting part: Look closely, and you will see
the remark 'abzug' in ink, and some red marks that seem to be (partly) erased. What looks
like a 'W' is the customary shorthand way of writing '12'. To the left of it is a clear '1' and
something which could be a '2', making another figure '12', or possibly a '½', indicating a
weight of 1½ Loth.
abzug 12 12 (or 1½)
This is what is called an 'Abzugsbrief' in German. The letter first travelled a distance of
four stages (estimate – see below) to Szigeth, then back to Nagy Szöll s and then two(?)
stages to Beregszász. Normally, a redirection did not lead to a reduced postage – in most
cases it would increase. But in cases like this one where the redirection meant sending the
letter back on the same postal route, the regulations allowed a reduction of the postage.
So the postal employee wrote the word 'abzug' on the letter, erased the '12' which was the
postage for 1-1½ Loth for the four stages to Szigeth, and wrote '6' instead. He made it
difficult for us by trying to erase the old figure instead of following the normal procedure
of crossing it out.
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 6
7. 1½ stage
1½ st. 1 st.(?)
1½ st.(?)
1½ st.
1½ st.(?)
1½ st.
At this point, one remark should be made about the calculation of distances: Distances
were measured in terms of stages, and a stage was the normal distance between the
stations – "Poststationen", where there would be a possibility of changing horses and often
a post office. The distance was normally around two "Postmeilen" or ca. 15 km. Attempts
were made to distribute the stations evenly along the postal routes, but of course this was
not always possible. In some cases the stretches between them were much longer than
normal, and in such cases the distance would be defined as one and a half, or even two,
stages. It seems that when such an "extra distance" applied, it was most often assigned to
two adjacent stretches, to make the calculation easier (two real stretches then counted as
three "official" stages). In old maps of the postal routes, a stage was normally indicated by
a stroke through the line between the stations. Stretches that counted as 1½ stages, were
shown by a "stroke and a half" – se the detail below of a map from the 1790s.
1½ stage
1 stage
As an example, it can be seen from the map that the distance along the old route from
Munkács to Szatmár(németi) via Nagy Szöll s would be counted as 1½ + 1½ + 1½ + 1½ + 1
= 7 stages, and not 5 stages as one would believe from looking at the number of stations.
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 7
8. So in order to make a correct assessment of the number of stages one has to know
(a) which route a letter would follow, and
(b) the defined distance in terms of stages along the route.
The map in Bér-Makkai-Surányi's book can be a great help, but it gives no exact informa-
tion about when the routes were opened (or closed), and also nothing about the stretches
that counted as more than one stage.
Look again at the sketch showing the route N.Szöll s-M.Sziget-Beregszász above. Huszt-
Tecs -M.Sziget looks like 2 stages, but knowing that both Munkács-Nyiresújfalu-N.Szöll s
and N.Szöll s-Halmi-Aranyosgyéres counted as 3 each, I believe that Huszt-Tecs -M.Sziget
also counted 3, so that the distance from N.Szöll s to M.Sziget was four stages, not three
(hence the 12 Kr. postage). But until somebody digs up a map or a list with all official
stage counts in the period 1817-1842, many of our calculations can be no more than esti-
mates.
Now to the second letter, which is an official letter from Tisza-Ujlak to Buda dated
December, 1838.
75%
It has the very unusual tax figure '76' in red, and also another mark which is quite unusual.
What can we make out of this?
A closer look reveals that the lower marking is '1 lb' – the 'lb' written in the way which was
customary at the time. This 'lb' symbol was so commonly used that it was also a typo-
graphic symbol:
But could the letter (with attachments) really have weighed one pound? It would be possi-
ble to send a one pound letter through the ordinary letter mail (Briefpost), but it would
cost a small fortune. To be specific: 14 Kr. per ½ Loth up to ½ pound, 14 Kr. per Loth
thereafter, i.e. 14x32 + 14x16 = 672 Kr. = 11 Fl. 12Kr.
So we have to look to the the other part of the Imperial mail service: The mail coach
service (Fahrpost). The Fahrpost was strictly separated from the Briefpost, and was con-
cerned with the transport of persons, parcels and valuables (money letters). The Fahrpost
rate system was also very different from that of the Briefpost. The Fahrpost was a slower
service, as the coaches did not run very often, and did not service the less important
places. But it was also much cheaper to send a one pound parcel with the Fahrpost than a
one pound letter with the Briefpost!
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 8
9. The civil servant in Tisza-Ujlak obviously wanted to save money by sending his large pile of
documents to Buda using the Fahrpost instead of the more normal way as letter(s) through
the Briefpost.
One may wonder why such money saving actions are not found more often, but the answer
is as follows: In order to avoid inappropriate competition between Fahrpost and Briefpost,
there were special restrictions on the sending of documents via Fahrpost. The minimum
weight of a document sending was one pound, and the ordinary fee was doubled for all
sendings weighing less than five pounds.
The Fahrpost tariff from 1820 can be found in Kainbacher vol. I pp. 370-71, and it is also
reproduced in Denes Czirók's book on the Fahrpost. The rate for one pound, 76-80 Post-
meilen is 38 Kr., and doubling that (according to footnote C), you get the 76 Kr!
The only remaining question is whether it was as much as 76 Postmeilen ( 570 km) from
Tisza-Ujlak to Buda. Remember that the normal stage length was 2 Meilen, but that some
stretches were longer. Using the Bér-Makkai-Surányi map we find that the shortest possible
route, via Debrecen (shown in green below), would be at least 25 stages, or ca. 50 Meilen.
But we must assume that the Fahrpost did not always take the shortest route, as it had to
service several important places in one round trip. One possible Fahrpost route in this case
(shown in red) was through Kassa and then the main road Eperjes-Rózsahegy before turning
south to Buda, which would amount to about 38 stages 76 Meilen.
It is challenges like these that makes postal history so enjoyable.
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 9
10. Helmut Kobelbauer
Registered letter from DOMBÓ – October 26, 1870
Gary S. Ryan wrote in his „Die Abstempelungen der ungarischen Postämter auf der ersten
Ausgabe von Ungarn 1867 – 1871“ (page 233) that the post office in Dombó in the Márama-
ros County was opened March 7, 1870. He set the value of postmarks from this office in
1870 and 1871 to 900 points, i. e. equivalent to extremely rare.
Fig. 1: Registered letter from Dombó, October 26, 1870, to Mühlenbach (Szászebes)
Fig. 1a: Reverse of cover with transit marks from Tecsö (27/10), Nyiregyháza (29/10),
and arrival mark from Szászebes (31/10 70)
This spectacular cover has found its home in the collection of our member Jakab András
from Budapest who specializes in the use of the Austrian issues on Hungarian territory.
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 10
11. A detailed description of the piece can be found in the certificate by Dr. Ulrich Ferchen-
bauer, one of the leading experts for stamps and postmarks of the Austro-Hungarian
Monarchy:
Fig. 2: Copy of the certificate by Dr. Ferchenbauer
The 15 kr stamp (coarse perforation, with a clearly recognizable colour margin beneath)
covers both the fee for the letter itself (5 kr) and for the registration (10 kr).
We can only congratulate Mr. Jakab – this is a top piece in top quality!
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 11
12. Seppo Laaksonen
A curious postcard from Munkács in 1902
The following postcard was sent from Munkács to Újpest in November 1902 and was cor-
rectly franked with a 5 fillér stamp of the Turul issue. This tariff was valid for both local
and domestic cards, starting January 11, 1902.
Postcard from Munkács, November 16, 1902, to Újpest
When cancelling the stamp, the official used the regular „MUNKÁCS | BEREG VM.“ post-
mark (recorded from 1892 to 1915 – see J. Verleg’s monography, page 29) but without date
bridge. He noticed his error and cancelled the postcard a second time, using now the date
bridge with „902 NOV 16“ (but still forgetting to put in the day time marker „N“ or „É“).
The card carries also the receiving postmark „UJ PEST | D 1 D“ of „902 NOV. 17. N 7“
which was – according to Márfai/Szép, page 391 – in use from 1901 to the end of the Hun-
garian Kingdom in 1918. Therefore the card was delivered to the receiver the day after it
had been posted. It was probably transported with the railway along the line Munkács –
Bátyu – Csap and from there through Nyiregyháza to Budapest.
[Editor’s note:
The book with the marvellous title »Magyarország postahivatalainak és postaügynöksége-
inek hely-, keletbélyegzései (1871 – 1920)« (The Postmarks of the Hungarian Post Offices
and Postal Agencies) by Márfai Árpád and Szép Endre is another valuable reference for the
postal history of Hungary. It was published in Budapest in 1995 and is officially out of print
but can usually be bought at some Hungarian auctions. It holds data from 6420 post offices
and postal agencies on nearly 450 pages. For each place it also holds an indication to which
state the location belonged when the book was prepared – sometimes very helpful when
you just have the old name from some postmark and wonder where the place is now.]
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 12
13. Voloncs Gábor
Use of Czechoslovak stamps in Hungary
[From the Hungarian journal »Philatelica«, no. 86/1, pages 31 to 34; translated by Dipl.Ing.
Nagy Gábor. We apologize for the bad quality of the pictures – already so in the original.]
It is a singular event in the Hungarian postal history that the Hungarian Royal Mail accept-
ed the stamps of a foreign state for franking in Hungary. This exception occured in 1938 at
the re-annexation of the Felvidék (= Upper Hungary).
In those days of patriotic enthusiasm, because of the big quantity of machinations for a
philatelic purpose and the lack of correct information the collectors did not attach great
importance to the postal items franked with Czechoslovak stamps.
In the following text I will put some light on the distinction of postal items franked with
Czechoslovak stamps from a postal history point of view to make the separation of machi-
nations and authentic sendings easier.
The start of the Hungarian postal service
On November 2nd, 1938, the Vienna Arbitration gave to Hungary Czechoslovak territory of
11.928 square kilometres with a population of 869.299 on an ethnographic basis. Earlier,
i. e. on October 11th, were handed over two settlements close to the border: Sátoralja-
újhely–Gyártelep (now Slovenské Nové Mesto) and Ipolyság (Sahy).
On the 5th of November the military forces marched in and at the same date the Hungarian
post offices were opened because postal personnel and supplies arrived simultaneously
with the military units. The new territories were put under military administration. By the
side of each military administration command altogether four postal administration
agencies were put in operation. On the 13th of October the Minister of Commerce and
Transport had already ordered to set up the „Hungarian Royal Postal Administration of the
Liberated Territories Budapest”.
On the re-annexed territories the postal administration did not introduce separate tariffs,
hence the homeland tariffs were effective. In the post offices only Hungarian stamps were
sold and it was prohibited to barter the Czechoslovak stamps into Hungarian stamps or any
other legal tender.
Previously after the opening of the post offices at Sátoraljaújhely-Gyártelep and Ipolyság
the demand had been raised to allow the use of Czechoslovak stamps owned by the popu-
lation for franking letters respectively cards. Originating from the idea that the population
should be saved from any damage, the Hungarian Royal Mail in harmony with the military
command permitted franking of letter mail through the use of Czechoslovak stamps.
The use of Czechoslovak stamps
The order concerning the use of Czechoslovak stamps was published on the 13th of October
in the »Postai Rendeletek Tára« (Bulletin of Postal Orders) (P.R.T. 1938. 121. 146 / 4. sz.)
and was effective with the opening of the new post offices. As the seizure of the territory
was taking about 10 days, the opening of the 227 post offices was taking place within this
period.
By the mentioned order mail from the Felvidék to the homeland was treated according to
the tariffs of the Czechoslovak post if it was franked with Czechoslovak stamps:
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 13
14. Czechoslovak tariffs (in haler )
local mail domestic mail
Postcard 50 50
Letter up to 50 g 60 100
100 g 110 160
250 g 200 250
500 g 250 300
1000 g 300 400
Printed matter up to 50 g 20
150 g 50
250 g 80
500 g 150
1000 g 200
2000 g 300
Samples up to 100 g 40
250 g 80
500 g 150
1000 g 200
The tariffs for express and registered mail were not mentioned but by the Czechoslovak
tariffs both were 200 haler .
Sometimes such items may occur which were normally forwarded by the Hungarian post.
The postal administration also tolerated the mixed use of Hungarian and Czechoslovak
stamps but in this case the Hungarian tariffs were effective. The exchange rate was
100 haler = 14 fillér
Fig. 1
Fig. 1 shows a postcard mailed at Munkács and franked according to Czechoslovak tariffs.
Fig. 2 shows a similar franked letter mailed from Kassa. Fig. 3 shows a card with mixed
franking. The 50 haler correspond to 7 fillér, the card is adequately franked (10 fillér).
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 14
15. Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Mail from the Felvidék arriving without franking or franked insufficiently in the first period
was forwarded against simple franking. On the 15th of October a new order repeated that
on sendings arriving with Czechoslovak stamps a supplementary fee should not be applied.
It is remarkable that before the 15th of October on sendings arriving from the post office of
Ipolyság the stamps were not cancelled but the cancellation was placed besides the stamp.
The forwarding of parcels was starting at the very early period between the homeland and
the returned territories. The weight was limited to 5 kilograms, with no regard of the
distance until the tariffs were fixed. The parcel tariffs were 30 fillér up to 1 kilogram and
40 fillér up to 5 kilograms. As the Czechoslovak stamps were not sold in the post offices,
such stamps may not occur on parcel bills.
The advantage of the franking by Czechoslovakian stamps was terminated by the order of
November 19th, 1938 (P.R.T. 1938. 128. 140/A 10. sz.). On sendings arriving after this date
postage due stamps were applied (such a postcard can be seen in Fig. 4).
This unfairly neglected part of our postal history is the more interesting because the ad-
vantage of franking by Czechoslovak stamps was possible only for 5 to 13 days (except in
the Ipolyság post office where it was allowed for more than a month). Such mail with ade-
quate franking is really scarce. Sometimes mail may occur from bigger towns with special
cancellations. The really scarce items are from smaller settlements cancelled by date can-
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 15
16. cellations or cancelled by provisional marks. On the forwarded letters we may generally
find an arrival cancellation. On postcards this was not usual, consequently postcards with
adequate franking may be regarded as original items which may be justified by the text on
them.
Fig. 4
The following Czechoslovak stamps were allowed for use (Zumstein number and in bracket
the Czechoslovak catalogue number):
248 (221), 249 (222), 250 (223), 251 (224), 252 (225), 300 (271), 302 (275), 303 (276),
304 (277), 305 (278), 306 (279), 307 (280), 308 (281), 309 (282), 310 (283), 311 (284),
314 (273), 324 (296), 325 (297), 331 (300), 332 (301), 333 (302), 334 (303), A 335 (A
304), 336 (305), 337 (306), 338 (307), 339 (308), 340 (309), 341 (310), 342 (311), 343
(312), 344 (313), 345 (314).
To investigate which stamp’s use was more or less frequent is a task of the future.
The vertical middle gutter pairs of stamps Nr. 345 (314) were overprinted in Budapest by
stamp dealers with the text „Kassa – We are Hungarians again. 1938. nov. 11. – Kassa”. To
avoid the legal consequences the text was printed in between the stamps. The stamps
were put on envelopes mixed with Hungarian stamps and got cancelled in the main post
office of Kassa on the day of the marching in. These letters are to be regarded as machina-
tions and have no philatelic value (see Fig. 5).
Fig. 5
Finally it should be remarked that during the entry into Erdély in 1940 and the re-annexa-
tion of the South (Délvidék) in 1941 the Royal Hungarian Mail has not given such a grant.
Mail franked with Romanian or Yugoslav stamps always was charged by postage due. The
items which may occur with postal cancellations were produced on order, i. e. by favour.
The Sub-Carpathian Messenger – Number 7 (September 2009) Page 16