Trigeminal neuralgia
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The document discusses trigeminal neuralgia, a condition characterized by severe, sporadic facial pain. It affects the trigeminal nerve, most commonly among those over 50 years old. Episodes involve intense, stabbing pain that lasts seconds and is triggered by activities like eating or talking. Diagnosis involves identifying pain localized to the trigeminal nerve distribution and response to nerve blocks. Treatment first uses carbamazepine or other anticonvulsants, with surgical options if medications fail. These include peripheral procedures like neurectomy or ganglion therapies, as well as open or central surgical techniques.
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Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by severe, stabbing, recurrent facial pain that affects one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. It is often triggered by mundane activities like eating or shaving. The most common cause is compression of the trigeminal nerve root by blood vessels. Treatment involves medications like carbamazepine or surgical procedures to decompress the nerve. Differential diagnoses include dental pain, sinusitis, and migraines.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia or TN is inflammation of trigeminal or 5th nerve, one of the most widely distributed nerves in the head. It is a type of neuropathic pain which causes intense facial pain. Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as tic douloureux.
Trigeminal Neuralgia ,
Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic pain condition that causes severe, sporadic facial pain. It is characterized by episodes of sharp, shooting pain in areas of the face innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The pain can be triggered by everyday activities like eating or talking. Trigeminal neuralgia is often caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve root from blood vessels, but may also be due to tumors or traumatic injury. Treatment involves medications like anticonvulsants or surgery to decompress the nerve if medications do not provide relief from the debilitating pain.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
1) Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) causes severe, intermittent facial pain and is considered one of the most painful conditions.
2) It is often caused by compression or damage to trigeminal nerve roots from blood vessels, which leads to abnormal nerve signal transmission.
3) Symptoms include sudden, severe facial pain that lasts seconds to minutes in specific trigeminal nerve divisions and is often triggered by mundane activities like eating or talking.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia, also known as prosopalgia or Fothergill's disease, is a neuropathic disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face originating from the trigeminal nerve. It is caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve, most commonly by a blood vessel. Symptoms include sudden, stabbing pains in the areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve that can last from seconds to minutes. The condition is diagnosed based on the symptoms, and MRI may be used to rule out other potential causes if needed.
orofacial pain
The document discusses various types of oral pain such as those resulting from dental diseases like pulpitis or cysts, neurological diseases like Bell's palsy, and referred pain from other parts of the body. It provides details on the signs and symptoms, diagnostic features, and treatment of specific conditions. Additionally, it examines the relationship between anxiety and pain, the reasons for feeling pain, and the physiological mechanisms underlying the experience of pain.
Trigeminal neuralgia
This document summarizes diagnosis and management of trigeminal neuralgia. It describes the anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and its three divisions. Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by sudden, severe facial pain that occurs in short bursts and is triggered by light touch. The underlying cause is typically vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve root. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and MRI to rule out other causes. Treatment involves carbamazepine medication or microvascular decompression surgery to address the underlying compression.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a severe facial pain disorder affecting the trigeminal nerve, the largest nerve in the face. It causes sudden, severe, electric shock-like pain in the areas of the face served by the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia is often triggered by normal activities like eating or talking. It is treated initially with medications like carbamazepine, but patients may require surgical treatments like microvascular decompression if medications do not help. Nursing care focuses on preventing pain triggers and providing psychological support for patients suffering from this debilitating disorder.
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Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by severe, stabbing, recurrent facial pain that affects one or more branches of the trigeminal nerve. It is often triggered by mundane activities like eating or shaving. The most common cause is compression of the trigeminal nerve root by blood vessels. Treatment involves medications like carbamazepine or surgical procedures to decompress the nerve. Differential diagnoses include dental pain, sinusitis, and migraines.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia or TN is inflammation of trigeminal or 5th nerve, one of the most widely distributed nerves in the head. It is a type of neuropathic pain which causes intense facial pain. Trigeminal neuralgia is also known as tic douloureux.
Trigeminal Neuralgia ,
Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic pain condition that causes severe, sporadic facial pain. It is characterized by episodes of sharp, shooting pain in areas of the face innervated by the trigeminal nerve. The pain can be triggered by everyday activities like eating or talking. Trigeminal neuralgia is often caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve root from blood vessels, but may also be due to tumors or traumatic injury. Treatment involves medications like anticonvulsants or surgery to decompress the nerve if medications do not provide relief from the debilitating pain.
Trigeminal Neuralgia
1) Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) causes severe, intermittent facial pain and is considered one of the most painful conditions.
2) It is often caused by compression or damage to trigeminal nerve roots from blood vessels, which leads to abnormal nerve signal transmission.
3) Symptoms include sudden, severe facial pain that lasts seconds to minutes in specific trigeminal nerve divisions and is often triggered by mundane activities like eating or talking.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia, also known as prosopalgia or Fothergill's disease, is a neuropathic disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face originating from the trigeminal nerve. It is caused by compression of the trigeminal nerve, most commonly by a blood vessel. Symptoms include sudden, stabbing pains in the areas innervated by the trigeminal nerve that can last from seconds to minutes. The condition is diagnosed based on the symptoms, and MRI may be used to rule out other potential causes if needed.
orofacial pain
The document discusses various types of oral pain such as those resulting from dental diseases like pulpitis or cysts, neurological diseases like Bell's palsy, and referred pain from other parts of the body. It provides details on the signs and symptoms, diagnostic features, and treatment of specific conditions. Additionally, it examines the relationship between anxiety and pain, the reasons for feeling pain, and the physiological mechanisms underlying the experience of pain.
Trigeminal neuralgia
This document summarizes diagnosis and management of trigeminal neuralgia. It describes the anatomy of the trigeminal nerve and its three divisions. Trigeminal neuralgia is characterized by sudden, severe facial pain that occurs in short bursts and is triggered by light touch. The underlying cause is typically vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve root. Diagnosis is based on clinical history and MRI to rule out other causes. Treatment involves carbamazepine medication or microvascular decompression surgery to address the underlying compression.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a severe facial pain disorder affecting the trigeminal nerve, the largest nerve in the face. It causes sudden, severe, electric shock-like pain in the areas of the face served by the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia is often triggered by normal activities like eating or talking. It is treated initially with medications like carbamazepine, but patients may require surgical treatments like microvascular decompression if medications do not help. Nursing care focuses on preventing pain triggers and providing psychological support for patients suffering from this debilitating disorder.
25 introduction and types of neuralgias
This document discusses various types of neuralgias, including primary and secondary neuralgias. Primary neuralgias include trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and geniculate neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia causes sudden, severe facial pain and is the most common type of neuralgia. Secondary neuralgias are caused by identifiable lesions that can irritate nerves, with examples being tumors, multiple sclerosis, and herpes zoster infection. The document provides details on symptoms, causes, and treatments for different neuralgias.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by severe, brief, stabbing pains in the face that are usually triggered by everyday activities like brushing teeth or talking. It is caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve that supplies sensation to the face. The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, noting that it is diagnosed using criteria defined by Sweet. Treatment involves first using anticonvulsant medications, and if those don't help, then surgical procedures like radiofrequency thermal ablation of the trigeminal ganglion are used to relieve pain in most patients.
Diseases of Nerves
This document discusses various types of neuralgia and related conditions that cause facial pain, including:
- Trigeminal neuralgia, the most common and severe form of facial nerve pain. It causes sharp, shooting pain in the face and can be triggered by minor stimuli.
- Burning mouth syndrome, which causes a burning sensation in the mouth without any detectable cause. It has no visible lesions and the exact cause is unknown.
- Auriculotemporal syndrome, a rare condition where damage to the auriculotemporal nerve leads to facial sweating during eating due to nerve regeneration.
- Bell's palsy, an idiopathic facial paralysis or weakness of the facial
Trigeminal neuralgia - Dr Sanjana Ravindra
Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic facial pain condition characterized by sudden, severe, brief stabbing pains in the face that are triggered by everyday activities like eating or talking. The pain is caused by abnormalities in the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensations from the face to the brain. Carbamazepine is first-line pharmacological treatment to slow nerve signaling, providing pain relief. When medications fail to control pain, surgical options like microvascular decompression or gamma knife radiosurgery aim to decompress the trigeminal nerve from vascular compression. Proper diagnosis involves distinguishing TN from other facial pain conditions through evaluation of pain characteristics, triggers, and response to treatments.
Orofacial Pain
The document discusses various types of orofacial pain including trigeminal neuralgia, post-herpetic neuralgia, atypical facial pain, and burning mouth syndrome. It covers the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of each condition. Chronic pain is defined as pain persisting beyond tissue healing. Neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system are believed to underlie chronic pain. Treatment involves cognitive therapy, medications like anticonvulsants, antidepressants and opioids, as well as surgical options in some cases.
Facial pain
This document outlines various causes of pain that can originate in the oral cavity and face. It discusses pain originating from tissues like mucosa, teeth, sinuses and muscles. It also covers neurological conditions that can cause facial pain like trigeminal neuralgia or migraines. For each cause, it provides details on presentation, diagnostic factors and potential treatment approaches.
Trigeminalneuralgiaseminar2 180526065218-converted
Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by severe, sporadic facial pain caused by compression or irritation of the trigeminal nerve. It most often affects the distribution of the trigeminal nerve branches on one side of the face. The document defines trigeminal neuralgia and its classifications, discusses its etiology as being related to compression of the trigeminal nerve root, and describes its clinical features such as paroxysmal attacks of intense pain triggered by mundane activities. The document also outlines diagnostic criteria and treatments which include medications like carbamazepine as well as surgical options such as microvascular decompression to relieve nerve compression.
Orofacial pain 2 BY DR. MUNTATHER MUHSEN HASSAN .. OMFS
Pain: is unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage.
Orofacial pain 2
Pain: is unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage.
Orofacial pain 2 by dr. MUNTATHER MUHSEN HASSAN ,,, OMFS
This document discusses pain in the orofacial region. It begins by defining pain and listing the cranial nerves involved in orofacial sensation. It then categorizes orofacial pain into local, neurological, vascular, psychogenic, and referred pain. For each type of pain, it provides examples and descriptions. The document outlines the history and examination process for orofacial pain patients. It discusses various methods for measuring pain. Finally, it delves into specific pain conditions like myofascial pain, trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and complex regional pain syndrome, describing their characteristics, causes, and treatment approaches.
Orofacial pain 2
This document discusses pain in the orofacial region. It begins by defining pain and listing the cranial nerves involved in orofacial sensation. It then categorizes orofacial pain into local, neurological, vascular, psychogenic, and referred pain. For each type, it provides examples and brief descriptions. The document outlines the history and examination process for orofacial pain patients. It also discusses various pain measurement methods and diagnostic imaging/tests. Specific pain conditions are then described in more detail, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment options.
trigeminal neuralgia.pptx
This is a PPT of Trigeminal neuralgia for Masters students . take an idea from it...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, causes severe facial pain and is described as among the most excruciating pains. It is characterized by sporadic shock-like pains in areas of the face innervated by the trigeminal nerve. Common triggers include eating, talking, and facial touch. The condition is caused by blood vessel compression of the trigeminal nerve root at its entry point to the brainstem. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and neurological exam. Treatment options include medications, microvascular decompression surgery, and percutaneous rhizotomy procedures to ablate nerve fibers.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a facial pain syndrome caused by compression or demyelination of the trigeminal nerve. It causes brief, severe, stabbing pains in the face triggered by activities like eating or brushing teeth. Diagnosis is based on pain distribution and lack of neurological issues. MRI is used to check for compression. Treatment starts with carbamazepine or other anticonvulsants, and may include microvascular decompression surgery if medications fail.
trigeminal neuralgia
The document provides an overview of neuralgia, specifically trigeminal neuralgia. It begins with definitions of trigeminal neuralgia and discusses its historical understanding. Trigeminal neuralgia is classified and its etiology, pathogenesis, general characteristics, and clinical characteristics are described. The diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia involves clinical examination and diagnostic tests. Treatment options include pharmacological treatments primarily using carbamazepine as well as surgical treatments targeting peripheral nerves or central ganglia. Recent advances in understanding the condition are also mentioned.
Trigeminal neuralgia
This document provides information on trigeminal neuralgia, including its definition, classification, causes, and treatment. It defines trigeminal neuralgia as a disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face originating from the trigeminal nerve. It classifies different types of neuralgia and lists common causes as damage to nerves from factors like old age, infection, or pressure. For trigeminal neuralgia specifically, it describes the condition as severe, brief attacks of pain in the face triggered by activities like chewing or talking. Treatment options discussed include carbamazepine and other medications as first-line treatment, with surgery like microvascular decompression for severe cases not helped by drugs.
Orofacial pain
This document discusses the evaluation, classification, causes and treatment of orofacial pain. It defines orofacial pain as unpleasant sensation caused by noxious stimuli along nerve pathways to the central nervous system. The evaluation of orofacial pain patients involves medical history, pain characteristics, physical exam and diagnostic tests. Pain is classified as somatic, neurogenic or psychogenic based on origin. Common causes include local dental issues, neurological conditions like trigeminal neuralgia, and psychogenic factors. Treatment depends on diagnosis but may include medications, nerve blocks or surgery.
Prosopalgia
This document provides information about prosopalgia, also known as trigeminal neuralgia or suicide disease. It is a neuropathic disorder characterized by sudden, severe, intermittent pain along the distribution of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. Common causes include nerve damage from aging or compression by blood vessels. Symptoms include sharp, stabbing pain triggered by everyday activities like eating or talking. Diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions through examinations and imaging. Treatment options progress from medications to nerve blocks or surgeries like microvascular decompression.
Trigeminal neuralgia
This document discusses trigeminal neuralgia and facial palsy. It begins by defining neuralgia as pain along the distribution of a nerve. It then classifies trigeminal neuralgia as the most debilitating form of neuralgia affecting the trigeminal nerve. It describes facial palsy as paralysis of the facial nerve causing an inability to control facial muscles. The document provides details on the anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of both conditions.
Trigeminal neuralgia ( at a glance)
This document summarizes information about trigeminal neuralgia (TN), a disorder causing severe facial pain. It describes TN as a debilitating condition affecting the trigeminal nerve, the largest cranial nerve responsible for facial sensation. The summary outlines key characteristics of TN such as its intermittent, sharp pain triggered by light touch in areas of the face. Treatment options discussed include anticonvulsant medications as first-line treatment and surgical procedures like rhizotomy or microvascular decompression if medications fail.
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25 introduction and types of neuralgias
This document discusses various types of neuralgias, including primary and secondary neuralgias. Primary neuralgias include trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and geniculate neuralgia. Trigeminal neuralgia causes sudden, severe facial pain and is the most common type of neuralgia. Secondary neuralgias are caused by identifiable lesions that can irritate nerves, with examples being tumors, multiple sclerosis, and herpes zoster infection. The document provides details on symptoms, causes, and treatments for different neuralgias.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by severe, brief, stabbing pains in the face that are usually triggered by everyday activities like brushing teeth or talking. It is caused by damage to the trigeminal nerve that supplies sensation to the face. The document discusses the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, noting that it is diagnosed using criteria defined by Sweet. Treatment involves first using anticonvulsant medications, and if those don't help, then surgical procedures like radiofrequency thermal ablation of the trigeminal ganglion are used to relieve pain in most patients.
Diseases of Nerves
This document discusses various types of neuralgia and related conditions that cause facial pain, including:
- Trigeminal neuralgia, the most common and severe form of facial nerve pain. It causes sharp, shooting pain in the face and can be triggered by minor stimuli.
- Burning mouth syndrome, which causes a burning sensation in the mouth without any detectable cause. It has no visible lesions and the exact cause is unknown.
- Auriculotemporal syndrome, a rare condition where damage to the auriculotemporal nerve leads to facial sweating during eating due to nerve regeneration.
- Bell's palsy, an idiopathic facial paralysis or weakness of the facial
Trigeminal neuralgia - Dr Sanjana Ravindra
Trigeminal neuralgia is a neuropathic facial pain condition characterized by sudden, severe, brief stabbing pains in the face that are triggered by everyday activities like eating or talking. The pain is caused by abnormalities in the trigeminal nerve that transmits sensations from the face to the brain. Carbamazepine is first-line pharmacological treatment to slow nerve signaling, providing pain relief. When medications fail to control pain, surgical options like microvascular decompression or gamma knife radiosurgery aim to decompress the trigeminal nerve from vascular compression. Proper diagnosis involves distinguishing TN from other facial pain conditions through evaluation of pain characteristics, triggers, and response to treatments.
Orofacial Pain
The document discusses various types of orofacial pain including trigeminal neuralgia, post-herpetic neuralgia, atypical facial pain, and burning mouth syndrome. It covers the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management of each condition. Chronic pain is defined as pain persisting beyond tissue healing. Neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system are believed to underlie chronic pain. Treatment involves cognitive therapy, medications like anticonvulsants, antidepressants and opioids, as well as surgical options in some cases.
Facial pain
This document outlines various causes of pain that can originate in the oral cavity and face. It discusses pain originating from tissues like mucosa, teeth, sinuses and muscles. It also covers neurological conditions that can cause facial pain like trigeminal neuralgia or migraines. For each cause, it provides details on presentation, diagnostic factors and potential treatment approaches.
Trigeminalneuralgiaseminar2 180526065218-converted
Trigeminal neuralgia is a condition characterized by severe, sporadic facial pain caused by compression or irritation of the trigeminal nerve. It most often affects the distribution of the trigeminal nerve branches on one side of the face. The document defines trigeminal neuralgia and its classifications, discusses its etiology as being related to compression of the trigeminal nerve root, and describes its clinical features such as paroxysmal attacks of intense pain triggered by mundane activities. The document also outlines diagnostic criteria and treatments which include medications like carbamazepine as well as surgical options such as microvascular decompression to relieve nerve compression.
Orofacial pain 2 BY DR. MUNTATHER MUHSEN HASSAN .. OMFS
Pain: is unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage.
Orofacial pain 2
Pain: is unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual and potential tissue damage.
Orofacial pain 2 by dr. MUNTATHER MUHSEN HASSAN ,,, OMFS
This document discusses pain in the orofacial region. It begins by defining pain and listing the cranial nerves involved in orofacial sensation. It then categorizes orofacial pain into local, neurological, vascular, psychogenic, and referred pain. For each type of pain, it provides examples and descriptions. The document outlines the history and examination process for orofacial pain patients. It discusses various methods for measuring pain. Finally, it delves into specific pain conditions like myofascial pain, trigeminal neuralgia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, and complex regional pain syndrome, describing their characteristics, causes, and treatment approaches.
Orofacial pain 2
This document discusses pain in the orofacial region. It begins by defining pain and listing the cranial nerves involved in orofacial sensation. It then categorizes orofacial pain into local, neurological, vascular, psychogenic, and referred pain. For each type, it provides examples and brief descriptions. The document outlines the history and examination process for orofacial pain patients. It also discusses various pain measurement methods and diagnostic imaging/tests. Specific pain conditions are then described in more detail, including their symptoms, causes, and treatment options.
trigeminal neuralgia.pptx
This is a PPT of Trigeminal neuralgia for Masters students . take an idea from it...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN), also known as tic douloureux, causes severe facial pain and is described as among the most excruciating pains. It is characterized by sporadic shock-like pains in areas of the face innervated by the trigeminal nerve. Common triggers include eating, talking, and facial touch. The condition is caused by blood vessel compression of the trigeminal nerve root at its entry point to the brainstem. Diagnosis is based on symptoms and neurological exam. Treatment options include medications, microvascular decompression surgery, and percutaneous rhizotomy procedures to ablate nerve fibers.
Trigeminal neuralgia
Trigeminal neuralgia is a facial pain syndrome caused by compression or demyelination of the trigeminal nerve. It causes brief, severe, stabbing pains in the face triggered by activities like eating or brushing teeth. Diagnosis is based on pain distribution and lack of neurological issues. MRI is used to check for compression. Treatment starts with carbamazepine or other anticonvulsants, and may include microvascular decompression surgery if medications fail.
trigeminal neuralgia
The document provides an overview of neuralgia, specifically trigeminal neuralgia. It begins with definitions of trigeminal neuralgia and discusses its historical understanding. Trigeminal neuralgia is classified and its etiology, pathogenesis, general characteristics, and clinical characteristics are described. The diagnosis of trigeminal neuralgia involves clinical examination and diagnostic tests. Treatment options include pharmacological treatments primarily using carbamazepine as well as surgical treatments targeting peripheral nerves or central ganglia. Recent advances in understanding the condition are also mentioned.
Trigeminal neuralgia
This document provides information on trigeminal neuralgia, including its definition, classification, causes, and treatment. It defines trigeminal neuralgia as a disorder characterized by episodes of intense pain in the face originating from the trigeminal nerve. It classifies different types of neuralgia and lists common causes as damage to nerves from factors like old age, infection, or pressure. For trigeminal neuralgia specifically, it describes the condition as severe, brief attacks of pain in the face triggered by activities like chewing or talking. Treatment options discussed include carbamazepine and other medications as first-line treatment, with surgery like microvascular decompression for severe cases not helped by drugs.
Orofacial pain
This document discusses the evaluation, classification, causes and treatment of orofacial pain. It defines orofacial pain as unpleasant sensation caused by noxious stimuli along nerve pathways to the central nervous system. The evaluation of orofacial pain patients involves medical history, pain characteristics, physical exam and diagnostic tests. Pain is classified as somatic, neurogenic or psychogenic based on origin. Common causes include local dental issues, neurological conditions like trigeminal neuralgia, and psychogenic factors. Treatment depends on diagnosis but may include medications, nerve blocks or surgery.
Prosopalgia
This document provides information about prosopalgia, also known as trigeminal neuralgia or suicide disease. It is a neuropathic disorder characterized by sudden, severe, intermittent pain along the distribution of one or more divisions of the trigeminal nerve. Common causes include nerve damage from aging or compression by blood vessels. Symptoms include sharp, stabbing pain triggered by everyday activities like eating or talking. Diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions through examinations and imaging. Treatment options progress from medications to nerve blocks or surgeries like microvascular decompression.
Trigeminal neuralgia
This document discusses trigeminal neuralgia and facial palsy. It begins by defining neuralgia as pain along the distribution of a nerve. It then classifies trigeminal neuralgia as the most debilitating form of neuralgia affecting the trigeminal nerve. It describes facial palsy as paralysis of the facial nerve causing an inability to control facial muscles. The document provides details on the anatomy, causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of both conditions.
Trigeminal neuralgia ( at a glance)
This document summarizes information about trigeminal neuralgia (TN), a disorder causing severe facial pain. It describes TN as a debilitating condition affecting the trigeminal nerve, the largest cranial nerve responsible for facial sensation. The summary outlines key characteristics of TN such as its intermittent, sharp pain triggered by light touch in areas of the face. Treatment options discussed include anticonvulsant medications as first-line treatment and surgical procedures like rhizotomy or microvascular decompression if medications fail.
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There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
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Trigeminal neuralgia
- 2. Most common cranial neuralgia Tic Douloureux >>>50 yrs
- 3. It is defined as sudden, usually unilateral, severe, brief, stabbing, lancinating, paroxysmal, recurring pain in the distribution of one or more branches of 5th cranial nerve.
- 4. Incidence: 8: 100000 Female >>> male 5th – 6th decade of life Right >>> left
- 5. Usualy idiopathic (approx 90%) Demyelination of nerve Multiple sclerosis Intracranial tumors Intracranial vascular abnormalities Viral etiology
- 6. Episodes of intense shooting stabbing pain last for few seconds & then disappears completely Electric shock like Mostly unilateral In between refractory periods are present No of attack varies from 1 to 2 per day to several per minute Trigger zones are present
- 7. – anticipate pain when touch – on skin & mucosa within distribution of involved nerve branch Shaving, showering , eating, speaking , even exposure to wind can trigger a painful episode Sometime intra oral trigger zones – can confuse with pain due to cracked tooth
- 8. Location of trigger zones In maxillary dvsn – skin of upper lip, ala of nose or cheek or on upper gums In mandibular dvsn – lower lip, teeth, gums of lower jaw In ophthalmic dvsn – supraorbital ridge of affected side
- 9. “SWEET criteria” for diagnosis of TN: 1) Pain is paroxysmal 2) Pain may be provoked by light touch to the face (trigger zones) 3) Pain is confined to trigeminal distribution 4) Pain is unilateral 5) Clinical sensory examination is normal
- 10. Sensory &/or motor changes may be evident if there is underlying CNS pathologies LA blocks which temporarily eliminate trigger zone is helpful in diagnosis MRI to rule out tumors , multiple sclerosis & vascular malformations
- 12. 1st line of treatment – CARBAMAZIPINE ( effective in > 80% cases) 2nd line of treatment- BACLOFEN,LAMOTRIGINE, OXCARBAZEPINE, PHENYTOIN , GABAPENTIN, SODIUM VALPROATE Low Dose antidepressants like AMITRIPTALINE
- 14. 1. Peripheral procedures Cryotherapy alcohol block laser Neurectomy 2. Ganglion procedures Thermocoagulation Glycerol injection Balloon compression 3. Open operation Microvascular decompression Trigeminal root resection: 4. Central procedures Trigeminal tractotomy
- 15. Burket's Oral Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment 10th edition Text book of oral medicine oral diagnosis – Ravikiran Ongole