The topic is highly useful for MBBS students.
Trichinella is a neamtode, The disease is called as Trichinellosis/Trichinosis. This topic will be explaining about Morphology of Trichinella, mode of transmission, life cycle ,clinical features, lab diagnosis, treatment and its prevention.
The topic is highly useful for MBBS students.
Trichinella is a neamtode, The disease is called as Trichinellosis/Trichinosis. This topic will be explaining about Morphology of Trichinella, mode of transmission, life cycle ,clinical features, lab diagnosis, treatment and its prevention.
A lecture Leish & trypanosoma Parasites.pdfssuser868036
بالطبع! يبدو أنك تبحث عن معلومات حول الأمراض المعروفة باسم Leishmaniasis و Trypanosomiasis. إليك نبذة عن كل منهما بالإنجليزية:
1. **Leishmaniasis:**
Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. It is transmitted through the bite of infected sandflies. The disease manifests in three main forms: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis presents with skin sores, while mucocutaneous leishmaniasis affects the mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, and throat. Visceral leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is the most severe form, affecting internal organs such as the spleen, liver, and bone marrow. Symptoms include prolonged fever, weight loss, and enlargement of the spleen and liver. Leishmaniasis is endemic in many tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in countries with poor socioeconomic conditions.
2. **Trypanosomiasis:**
Trypanosomiasis, also known as sleeping sickness in humans and nagana in animals, is a parasitic disease caused by protozoan parasites of the Trypanosoma genus. There are two main types of the disease: African trypanosomiasis and American trypanosomiasis, also called Chagas disease. African trypanosomiasis is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected tsetse flies, while Chagas disease is transmitted by triatomine bugs, also known as kissing bugs. The symptoms of African trypanosomiasis progress in two stages: an early stage characterized by fever, headaches, joint pains, and itching, followed by a late stage where the parasites invade the central nervous system, leading to neurological symptoms such as sleep disturbances, confusion, and poor coordination. Chagas disease can cause acute symptoms such as fever and swelling at the site of infection, followed by chronic symptoms affecting the heart, digestive system, and nervous system. Trypanosomiasis is endemic in parts of sub-Saharan Africa and Central and South America.
هل تحتاج إلى مزيد من التفاصيل حول أي من هذه الأمراض؟
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Safalta Digital marketing institute in Noida, provide complete applications that encompass a huge range of virtual advertising and marketing additives, which includes search engine optimization, virtual communication advertising, pay-per-click on marketing, content material advertising, internet analytics, and greater. These university courses are designed for students who possess a comprehensive understanding of virtual marketing strategies and attributes.Safalta Digital Marketing Institute in Noida is a first choice for young individuals or students who are looking to start their careers in the field of digital advertising. The institute gives specialized courses designed and certification.
for beginners, providing thorough training in areas such as SEO, digital communication marketing, and PPC training in Noida. After finishing the program, students receive the certifications recognised by top different universitie, setting a strong foundation for a successful career in digital marketing.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Normal Labour/ Stages of Labour/ Mechanism of LabourWasim Ak
Normal labor is also termed spontaneous labor, defined as the natural physiological process through which the fetus, placenta, and membranes are expelled from the uterus through the birth canal at term (37 to 42 weeks
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
3. Trichomonas sp.
A
T LEASTTHREE SPECIES OF PROTOZOA OF
THE GENUS TRICHOMONAS CAN PARASITIZE
HUMANS,BUT ONL
Y TRICHOMONAS
VAGINALIS CAUSES DISEASE
Trichomonas tenax
Trichomonas hominis
Trichomonas vaginalis :causes
T
richomoniasis
presented
by
Dr
Tarig
Gamar
4. s
Trichomonas vaginali
infection
Trichomonas vaginalis is a Facultative anaerobe flagellated
protozoa.
A sexually-transmitted urogenital parasite..
Causes Trichomoniasis in humans
. Found in urogenital tract in both sex. :
- (vagina & urethra in females).
- (urethra, seminal vesicles & prostate in males).
Common: cause of vaginitis disease.
Doesn’t have cyst form and exists only in trophozoite stage
Extracellular - adheres to epithelia, cause erosion
to the Ep.tiss.
5.5 to 6.0 is optimum pH for the organism.
Normal vaginal enviromnment its less /equal
than 4
presented
by
Dr
Tarig
Gamar
5. Trichomonas vaginalis
Geographical distribution: World wide
* Common sexually transmitted protozoon.
* Common at the age of 16-35 (sexually active period)
* More pathogenic in women than men
*T. vaginalis is concomitant with other pathogenic organisms.
presented
by
Dr
Tarig
Gamar
NOTE:
1- Suitable pH for the parasite is 4.5 – 6 (low acidic).
2- Rare among young girls / menopause women - parasite requires estrogenized
epithelium for survival.
3- High in population at high risk for other venereal diseases & poor feminine
hygiene.
NOTE: Normal acidity is due to the action of Doderlein bacillus on glycogen content
of vaginal epithelial cells producing lactic acid.
NOTE:
Genus Trichomonas has 3 distinct species:
1- T. hominis which inhabit large intestine & non pathogenic.
2- T. tenax which inhabit oral cavity & commensals.
3- T. vaginalis is the Urogenital pathogenic flagellate
6. logy and ife
Pear-sh 5-15 µm.
A
A
si
single
ng
le
n
nucleus
u
cleus
10 fl-
FIGURE 3-Jt
7h Jwm,mn l iJ.Rltm/, n rn s rm n •ud
xostyle
An undulating
membrane
1. Morpho l
cycle
..
.,
.
.
'.,
-
. ' .
.
'1
~
. ,.
~
.
.
··
.
' .:
1 ,
' '
presented
by
Dr
Tarig
Gamar
A
Fo
ou
urranterior
flagella
aped and actively motile, 14-17 µm X
1.1 Trophozoite
7. Morphology
It is pear-shaped or ovoid
a short undulating membranereaching up to the middle of the body
• It has four anterior flagella and fifth running along the
outer margin of the undulating membrane, which is supported at its
by a flexible rod, costa.
base
• A prominent axostyle runs throughout the length of the
body and projects posteriorly like a tail.
• It is motile with a rapid jerkyor twitching type movement.
presented
by
Tarig
Gamar
9. se
n t
ed
b
y
Ta
rig
G
a
m
a
r
Undulati
ng
membran
e
Row of
hydro along
axostyl
Paracost
al
ydrogenosom
es
richomo
T nas vaginalis
Five flagella: arise near the
cytostome; four of these
immediately extend outside
cell together, while the fifth
flagellum wraps backwards
along the surface of the
organism (UM).
Nucleus is anterior.
the
Axostyle: commences at the
nucleus and bisects the parasite.
genosome
s
e
Trophozoit only
No cystic stage.
h
pre
10. y
h
d
h (
Transmission of Trichomoniasis
_ Transmitted primarily b sexual intercourse.
_ May also be transmitted throug contaminated
toilet seats an linens (usually in children).
_ Rare instance of neonatal infections acquired
through
at
birt during the pass the baby
birth canal).
presented by Dr Tarig Gamar
11. Mode of transmission:
• The trophozoite cannot survive outside and so infection
has to be transmitted directly from person-to-person.
Sexual transmission is the usual mode of infect ion
• Trichomoniasis often coexists with other sexually transmitted
diseases like candidiasis, gonorrhea, syphilis, or
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• Babies may get infected during birth.
• V
aginal pH of more than 4.5 facilitates infection.
presented by Dr Tarig Gamar
12. Only
The infection is acquired by sexual activity or
some indirect ways
presented
by
Dr
Tarig
Gamar
Men
n:: urethra or prostat
te
e,, teste
es
s,,
epididy
ymii
ss
Trophozoit
te
es
s
Women: vagina and uret
th
hrr
aa
trophozoite stage in life cycle.
1.2 Life cycle
