This document contains questions about environmental science topics in two sections. Section A focuses on physical environmental topics like interspecies competition, plant competition in rainforests, uses of primary plants, causes of increased air pollution index like vehicular emissions, and effects of acid rain. Section B focuses on human environmental topics like non-renewable resources like fossil fuels, negative impacts of oil and gas extraction, ways to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, concepts of sustainable development, and ways to create sustainable cities. The document tests understanding of environmental concepts and issues through definitions, explanations, analyses, and recommendations.

1. Bahagian A : Alam Sekitar Fizikal
( 20 markah )
Jawab semua soalan.
1. a. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan persaingan interspesies ? [3]
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b. Jelaskan bagaimana tumbuhan bersaing untuk kelangsungan hidup dalam ekosistem hutan
hujan tropika. [3]
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c. Huraikan dua kepentingan tumbuhan primer terhadap aktiviti manusia. [4]
i.__________________________________________________________________________
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ii._________________________________________________________________________
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2. INDEKS PENCEMARAN UDARA (IPU)
2. a) Berdasarkan jadual di atas, nyatakan dua punca yang menyebabkan berlakunya
peningkatan Indeks Pencemaran Udara. [2]
i. ________________________________________________________________________
ii. ________________________________________________________________________
b) “Peningkatan IndeksPencemaran Udara akan menyebabkan berlakunya kejadian
hujan asid”.
Jelaskan kesan fenomena kejadian hujan asid terhadap komponen berikut: [4]
i) Biosfera
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ii) Litosfera
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BACAAN KEADAAN UDARA
0 – 50 Baik
51 – 100 Sederhana
101 – 200 Tidak sihat
201 – 300 Sangat tidak sihat
Melebihi 301 Bahaya

3. c) Cadangkan dua langkah bagi mengatasi masalah hujan asid. [4]
i. ________________________________________________________________________
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ii. ________________________________________________________________________
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4. Bahagian B: Alam Sekitar Manusia
[20 markah]
Jawab semua soalan
3 a. Apakah yang dimaksudkan dengan sumber alam yang tidak boleh diperbaharui? [2]
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b. Jelaskan aktiviti perlombongan petroleum dan gas asli memberikan kesan negatif ke atas alam
sekitar fizikal. [4]
i. ________________________________________________________________________
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ii. ________________________________________________________________________
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5. c. Jelaskan dua langkah yang boleh diambil untuk mengurangkan kebergantungan kepada sumber
tenaga petroleum dan gas asli. [4]
i. ________________________________________________________________________
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ii. ________________________________________________________________________
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4. a. Takrifkan konsep pembangunan berterusan ( lestari ) [2]
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b Nyatakan empat daripada lapan prinsip pembangunan berterusan ( lestari ). [4]
i.__________________________________________________________________________
ii. _________________________________________________________________________
iii._________________________________________________________________________
iv._________________________________________________________________________

6. c Cadangkan dua langkah yang boleh diambil bagi mewujudkan bandar lestari. [4]
i.__________________________________________________________________________
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ii._________________________________________________________________________
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KERTAS SOALAN TAMAT
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