Contact lens overwear and contamination can cause severe eye pain in patients. Examination may reveal corneal injury, iritis, conjunctivitis, or no visible findings without staining. Topical anesthetic and fluorescein dye should be used to examine for corneal epithelial defects, which are treated with antibiotic ointment. Patients are instructed to avoid lens wear until cleared by an ophthalmologist and seek follow-up care. Topical anesthetics, contaminated lens reuse, patching, and steroid drops are not recommended for management.
1) Eye injuries can range from minor to serious and potentially blinding, including cuts, foreign objects, burns, and blunt trauma.
2) First aid for eye injuries includes flushing the eye with water for chemicals or foreign objects, covering cuts or embedded objects without pressure, and seeking immediate medical attention for serious injuries.
3) It is important never to rub the eye or attempt to remove any embedded objects, and to flush eyes exposed to chemicals for at least 15 minutes.
- The patient, a woman, complained that she cannot see with her right eye.
- A thorough case history is important to understand symptoms, arrive at the proper diagnosis in most cases, and provide guidance for examination and treatment.
- The history should explore details of the chief complaint like time course, severity, location, associated symptoms, and prior documentation.
- Common vision disturbances to ask about include blurred vision, flashes of light, floaters, diplopia, and blindness.
- Ocular pain or discomfort symptoms include foreign body sensation, dryness, itching, and headaches.
- Maintaining eye hygiene through hand washing, avoiding sharing items, and a healthy diet can help prevent eye infections.
Corneal abrasions are common eye injuries caused by trauma, foreign bodies, or improper contact lens use. Patients experience severe eye pain and a foreign body sensation. Examination involves assessing visual acuity, examining the cornea under fluorescein dye for abrasions, and evertiing the lids to check for foreign bodies. Treatment consists of topical antibiotic drops and pain medication. Most abrasions heal within 24 hours, but deep or infected abrasions require follow up.
conjunctivitis is an eye disorder .this is all so known as pink eye .in the India south side people it is called as madras eye ..in this slide mentioned about .definition, review anatomy and physiology, types including causes , pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatment, nursing management, and prevention are there. the client who is affected with this use separate towels, wash your hands daily, eat eye healthy foods like vitamin a , e,omega 3 fatty acid, this will help the eyes verywell.eye exercise very helpful for eye health.if eye sensitive is there use sun glass that is very help full for the eye , eye staraning should be avioded.if the school student is affected means student should not go to the school for one week.
The document describes the structure and function of the human eye. It lists the main parts of the eye including the pupil, iris, cornea, sclera, aqueous humour, vitreous humour, lens, ciliary body, conjunctiva, choroid, retina, and optic nerve. It then provides instructions for properly instilling eye drops, including washing hands, squeezing the dropper to apply the drop, closing the eye, and applying pressure to the tear duct. Finally, it lists special precautions for using pilocarpine eye drops such as potential allergies, medications, and medical conditions to disclose to a doctor.
Proper eye drop administration technique involves 7 steps: 1) wash hands and shake bottle; 2) remove cap and place on tissue; 3) tilt head back, pull lower eyelid to form pouch; 4) hold dropper above eye and squeeze one drop in; 5) close eye for 1-2 minutes; 6) press tear duct to prevent drainage; 7) wipe away excess and recap bottle. When using multiple drops, allow 5 minutes between each one. Follow instructions and storage guidelines carefully.
Contact lens overwear and contamination can cause severe eye pain in patients. Examination may reveal corneal injury, iritis, conjunctivitis, or no visible findings without staining. Topical anesthetic and fluorescein dye should be used to examine for corneal epithelial defects, which are treated with antibiotic ointment. Patients are instructed to avoid lens wear until cleared by an ophthalmologist and seek follow-up care. Topical anesthetics, contaminated lens reuse, patching, and steroid drops are not recommended for management.
1) Eye injuries can range from minor to serious and potentially blinding, including cuts, foreign objects, burns, and blunt trauma.
2) First aid for eye injuries includes flushing the eye with water for chemicals or foreign objects, covering cuts or embedded objects without pressure, and seeking immediate medical attention for serious injuries.
3) It is important never to rub the eye or attempt to remove any embedded objects, and to flush eyes exposed to chemicals for at least 15 minutes.
- The patient, a woman, complained that she cannot see with her right eye.
- A thorough case history is important to understand symptoms, arrive at the proper diagnosis in most cases, and provide guidance for examination and treatment.
- The history should explore details of the chief complaint like time course, severity, location, associated symptoms, and prior documentation.
- Common vision disturbances to ask about include blurred vision, flashes of light, floaters, diplopia, and blindness.
- Ocular pain or discomfort symptoms include foreign body sensation, dryness, itching, and headaches.
- Maintaining eye hygiene through hand washing, avoiding sharing items, and a healthy diet can help prevent eye infections.
Corneal abrasions are common eye injuries caused by trauma, foreign bodies, or improper contact lens use. Patients experience severe eye pain and a foreign body sensation. Examination involves assessing visual acuity, examining the cornea under fluorescein dye for abrasions, and evertiing the lids to check for foreign bodies. Treatment consists of topical antibiotic drops and pain medication. Most abrasions heal within 24 hours, but deep or infected abrasions require follow up.
conjunctivitis is an eye disorder .this is all so known as pink eye .in the India south side people it is called as madras eye ..in this slide mentioned about .definition, review anatomy and physiology, types including causes , pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatment, nursing management, and prevention are there. the client who is affected with this use separate towels, wash your hands daily, eat eye healthy foods like vitamin a , e,omega 3 fatty acid, this will help the eyes verywell.eye exercise very helpful for eye health.if eye sensitive is there use sun glass that is very help full for the eye , eye staraning should be avioded.if the school student is affected means student should not go to the school for one week.
The document describes the structure and function of the human eye. It lists the main parts of the eye including the pupil, iris, cornea, sclera, aqueous humour, vitreous humour, lens, ciliary body, conjunctiva, choroid, retina, and optic nerve. It then provides instructions for properly instilling eye drops, including washing hands, squeezing the dropper to apply the drop, closing the eye, and applying pressure to the tear duct. Finally, it lists special precautions for using pilocarpine eye drops such as potential allergies, medications, and medical conditions to disclose to a doctor.
Proper eye drop administration technique involves 7 steps: 1) wash hands and shake bottle; 2) remove cap and place on tissue; 3) tilt head back, pull lower eyelid to form pouch; 4) hold dropper above eye and squeeze one drop in; 5) close eye for 1-2 minutes; 6) press tear duct to prevent drainage; 7) wipe away excess and recap bottle. When using multiple drops, allow 5 minutes between each one. Follow instructions and storage guidelines carefully.
An eye injury is any physical or chemical damage to the eye that can impair vision and potentially cause blindness. Eye injuries range from minor bruises and scratches to serious lacerations, fractures, and burns. Some common types of eye injuries include bleeding in the eye, corneal abrasions from foreign objects or trauma, chemical exposures that cause burning, hyphema which is pooling of blood in the eye, and cataracts presenting as blurred or cloudy vision. First aid for eye injuries includes supporting the head to limit eye movement, flushing the eye with cool water for at least 20 minutes if chemicals or heat are involved, and placing a clean dressing over the injured eye.
Eye injuries can result from direct trauma, flash burns, or chemical contamination and may cause permanent visual impairment. Signs of eye injuries include pain, impaired or lost vision, swelling or closure of the eye, blood or fluid loss from the eye, light sensitivity, bleeding within the eye, or visible foreign objects. Management depends on the type of injury but generally involves flushing the eye with water, covering it, not applying pressure, seeking medical advice, and avoiding putting anything in the eye.
The document discusses safety measures to prevent ocular injuries. It identifies common causes of eye injuries like flying objects and chemicals. It recommends using the appropriate eye protection for different jobs and hazards, such as safety glasses for auto repair, polycarbonate lenses for driving, goggles and face shields for healthcare work, goggles and safety glasses for manufacturing, and welding goggles and helmets for welding. The use of proper eye protection can prevent countless eye injuries, and employers are required to assess hazards and ensure safety.
This document summarizes several common eye conditions including conjunctivitis, ophthalmia neonatorum, retinitis, styes, and cataracts. Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is usually caused by bacterial or viral infections. Ophthalmia neonatorum is a purulent eye discharge in newborns caused by pathogens like Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Retinitis is an inflammation of the retina that can be caused by infection, toxins, or tuberculosis. Styes are infections of the eyelid sebaceous glands caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus. Cataracts are opacities in the lens
Eye injuries can occur from direct trauma, chemical contamination, infection, allergies, or other medical conditions. Some common signs of eye injuries include pain, redness, blurred vision, swelling and watering. The treatment for an eye injury depends on its cause but generally involves flushing the injured eye with water and seeking immediate medical attention to prevent further damage.
Emergency eye conditions include red eye, eye pain, foreign objects, trauma, chemical injuries, and sudden vision loss. If an eye is injured, hold a clean cloth on it, bandage any cuts to prevent infection, and do not rub or flush the eye. Do not try to remove any embedded objects. Seek immediate medical care for chemical burns by continuously rinsing the eye with water for 10-15 minutes. Symptoms of acute angle-closure glaucoma like eye pain, nausea, headache, and blurred vision require calling an ophthalmologist right away. Sudden vision loss or blindness also necessitates prompt evaluation by an eye specialist.
Many common workplace hazards can damage eyes, resulting in lost time, medical costs, and permanent vision loss. Over 70,000 industrial eye injuries occur annually. Proper eye protection, such as safety glasses that meet ANSI standards, can prevent injuries from debris, chemicals, welding flashes, and other hazards. While regular glasses are insufficient, safety glasses have saved eyes and lives in construction and firefighting by blocking flying objects. Unprotected sun exposure also increases long-term risks like cataracts. Wearing appropriate eye protection is vital for safety in nearly all work and many home environments.
some people are affected with this problem they want to know about the glaucoma causes, risk factor, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatment and complication, etc and they get more knowledge and they will avoid the complication especially loss of vision.
This workshop focuses on evaluating patients presenting with red eye. The top 10 causes of red eye are discussed, including conjunctivitis, uveitis, acute angle closure glaucoma, episcleritis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, dry eye, blepharitis, injury, corneal ulcer, and frequent eye drops. Management strategies are provided for various conditions like conjunctivitis, blepharitis, dry eye, corneal ulcer, and drug-induced allergic conjunctivitis. The workshop emphasizes examining for corneal lesions when evaluating red eye and avoiding steroid eye drops.
Corneal opacity is a loss of normal transparency of the cornea due to scarring. It can be caused by healed corneal wounds, ulcers, or congenital defects. Risk factors include vitamin A deficiency, measles, eye injuries, infections, contact lens overwear, and cold sores. Symptoms are reduced or lost vision, pain, redness, photophobia, and cloudy appearances in parts of the eye. Types of opacity include nebula, macula, leukoma, and anterior staphyloma. Treatment options are phototherapeutic keratectomy using excimer laser for nebula, optical iridectomy for central opacities, and keratoplasty.
This document provides information on eye injuries and first aid responses. It describes different types of eye injuries like bleeding in the eye, direct trauma, chemical contamination, hyphema, infections, and allergies. For first aid, it advises not pressing or rubbing the injured eye, removing contact lenses or foreign objects. It provides steps for flushing foreign bodies or chemicals from the eye with water for 15 minutes. For cuts or punctures, chemical burns, or welder's flash, it recommends covering the eye and seeing a medical professional promptly.
To know about definition , causes, types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment home remedies for floating these can give knowledge by this presentation
This document discusses various disorders of the eye including inflammatory conditions like styes, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, and corneal ulcers. It also discusses glaucoma, which is a group of conditions caused by increased intraocular pressure damaging the optic nerve. Additional topics covered include strabismus, presbyopia, cataracts, retinopathies, retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa, ocular tumors, and refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.
This document discusses the approach to evaluating and treating a red and painful eye. It covers key aspects of history and physical exam, including common etiologies like caustic injuries, subconjunctival hemorrhages, acute angle closure glaucoma, hyphema, and penetrating injuries. Management depends on the underlying cause but may include irrigation, medications, imaging, or ophthalmology consultation for conditions like perforations or retrobulbar hematomas that require surgical intervention. The goal is to quickly diagnose the problem and prevent vision loss or complications.
Eye injuries and illnesses- Third year mbbs OphthalmologyDrVarun5179
Topic- Injuries of eye and other manifestations
Subject- Ophthalmology
Category- MBBS notes for Third year MBBS students.
Created by- Medicforyou
Website- http://medicforyou.blogspot.com
For any feedback or queries, mail me at killer5179@gmail.com
This document discusses various types of ocular emergencies and injuries including mechanical, chemical, thermal and radiational injuries. It provides details on extraocular foreign bodies, contusional or blunt injuries, perforating or penetrating injuries, and retained intraocular foreign bodies. Signs, symptoms, and treatment approaches are described for each type of injury. Acute congestive glaucoma is also covered, outlining its clinical course and treatments during an acute congestive attack which involve medical approaches like pilocarpine and timolol as well as surgical options like iridectomy or trabeculectomy.
The document discusses various types of ocular emergencies including physical injuries, chemical injuries, infections, and painless sudden loss of vision. Physical injuries are classified as blunt, penetrating, or perforating. Chemical injuries can be acidic or alkaline burns. Infections include corneal ulcers and endophthalmitis. Painless sudden loss of vision may be caused by retinal detachment or retinal artery occlusion. Other emergencies discussed are acute glaucoma and uveitis. The document provides details on signs, symptoms, evaluations, and treatments for each type of emergency.
Red eye can be caused by conditions affecting the conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, anterior chamber, or eyelids. Common causes include conjunctivitis (bacterial, viral, allergic), keratitis (infectious or non-infectious), corneal abrasion or ulcer, subconjunctival hemorrhage, episcleritis, iritis, hyphaema, glaucoma, entropion, ectropion, and orbital cellulitis. A thorough history and physical exam is needed to determine the cause and guide treatment.
This document discusses blepharitis, an inflammation of the eyelid margins. It is one of the most common ophthalmological conditions. Blepharitis can be anterior (affecting the front of the eyelid) or posterior (affecting the glands of the eyelid). Anterior blepharitis is characterized by inflammation at the base of the eyelashes and can be staphylococcal or seborrheic in nature. Diagnosis is clinical based on symptoms like burning, grittiness, and signs seen on examination like scales or crust around the eyelashes. Treatment involves eyelid hygiene including warm compresses, lid scrubs and massages to loosen debris and antibiotics or other medications
Ocular emergencies include injuries or conditions that cause pain, redness, swelling or vision changes in the eye. Examples are foreign objects in the eye, burns, blunt injuries, infections, blood clots or glaucoma. Prompt treatment is needed to prevent vision loss or blindness. Examinations assess vision, eye movements and structures. Treatments depend on the emergency, and may include irrigation, antibiotics, pressure reduction, wound closure or referral to an ophthalmologist. Examples of specific emergencies discussed are corneal abrasions, hyphema, lid or globe injuries, chemical burns, glaucoma and infections.
The document summarizes various eye assessment techniques and common eye disorders:
1) Visual acuity, visual fields, eye muscle function, color vision, pupils, sclera, cornea, and retina are assessed. Common disorders include cataracts, glaucoma, retinal detachment, conjunctivitis, and eyelid conditions.
2) Surgical and nonsurgical management are outlined for various conditions, including cataract extraction techniques, glaucoma treatment to lower pressure, and retinal detachment repair. Postoperative care is also addressed.
The document provides an overview of eye anatomy and physiology, common eye problems, nursing assessments of the eyes, and common ocular medications and treatments. It describes the layers of the eye including the sclera, choroid, iris, pupil, retina, and refractive media. It also summarizes common eye conditions like glaucoma, refractive errors, low vision and blindness.
An eye injury is any physical or chemical damage to the eye that can impair vision and potentially cause blindness. Eye injuries range from minor bruises and scratches to serious lacerations, fractures, and burns. Some common types of eye injuries include bleeding in the eye, corneal abrasions from foreign objects or trauma, chemical exposures that cause burning, hyphema which is pooling of blood in the eye, and cataracts presenting as blurred or cloudy vision. First aid for eye injuries includes supporting the head to limit eye movement, flushing the eye with cool water for at least 20 minutes if chemicals or heat are involved, and placing a clean dressing over the injured eye.
Eye injuries can result from direct trauma, flash burns, or chemical contamination and may cause permanent visual impairment. Signs of eye injuries include pain, impaired or lost vision, swelling or closure of the eye, blood or fluid loss from the eye, light sensitivity, bleeding within the eye, or visible foreign objects. Management depends on the type of injury but generally involves flushing the eye with water, covering it, not applying pressure, seeking medical advice, and avoiding putting anything in the eye.
The document discusses safety measures to prevent ocular injuries. It identifies common causes of eye injuries like flying objects and chemicals. It recommends using the appropriate eye protection for different jobs and hazards, such as safety glasses for auto repair, polycarbonate lenses for driving, goggles and face shields for healthcare work, goggles and safety glasses for manufacturing, and welding goggles and helmets for welding. The use of proper eye protection can prevent countless eye injuries, and employers are required to assess hazards and ensure safety.
This document summarizes several common eye conditions including conjunctivitis, ophthalmia neonatorum, retinitis, styes, and cataracts. Conjunctivitis, or pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is usually caused by bacterial or viral infections. Ophthalmia neonatorum is a purulent eye discharge in newborns caused by pathogens like Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Retinitis is an inflammation of the retina that can be caused by infection, toxins, or tuberculosis. Styes are infections of the eyelid sebaceous glands caused by bacteria like Staphylococcus. Cataracts are opacities in the lens
Eye injuries can occur from direct trauma, chemical contamination, infection, allergies, or other medical conditions. Some common signs of eye injuries include pain, redness, blurred vision, swelling and watering. The treatment for an eye injury depends on its cause but generally involves flushing the injured eye with water and seeking immediate medical attention to prevent further damage.
Emergency eye conditions include red eye, eye pain, foreign objects, trauma, chemical injuries, and sudden vision loss. If an eye is injured, hold a clean cloth on it, bandage any cuts to prevent infection, and do not rub or flush the eye. Do not try to remove any embedded objects. Seek immediate medical care for chemical burns by continuously rinsing the eye with water for 10-15 minutes. Symptoms of acute angle-closure glaucoma like eye pain, nausea, headache, and blurred vision require calling an ophthalmologist right away. Sudden vision loss or blindness also necessitates prompt evaluation by an eye specialist.
Many common workplace hazards can damage eyes, resulting in lost time, medical costs, and permanent vision loss. Over 70,000 industrial eye injuries occur annually. Proper eye protection, such as safety glasses that meet ANSI standards, can prevent injuries from debris, chemicals, welding flashes, and other hazards. While regular glasses are insufficient, safety glasses have saved eyes and lives in construction and firefighting by blocking flying objects. Unprotected sun exposure also increases long-term risks like cataracts. Wearing appropriate eye protection is vital for safety in nearly all work and many home environments.
some people are affected with this problem they want to know about the glaucoma causes, risk factor, pathophysiology, signs and symptoms, treatment and complication, etc and they get more knowledge and they will avoid the complication especially loss of vision.
This workshop focuses on evaluating patients presenting with red eye. The top 10 causes of red eye are discussed, including conjunctivitis, uveitis, acute angle closure glaucoma, episcleritis, subconjunctival hemorrhage, dry eye, blepharitis, injury, corneal ulcer, and frequent eye drops. Management strategies are provided for various conditions like conjunctivitis, blepharitis, dry eye, corneal ulcer, and drug-induced allergic conjunctivitis. The workshop emphasizes examining for corneal lesions when evaluating red eye and avoiding steroid eye drops.
Corneal opacity is a loss of normal transparency of the cornea due to scarring. It can be caused by healed corneal wounds, ulcers, or congenital defects. Risk factors include vitamin A deficiency, measles, eye injuries, infections, contact lens overwear, and cold sores. Symptoms are reduced or lost vision, pain, redness, photophobia, and cloudy appearances in parts of the eye. Types of opacity include nebula, macula, leukoma, and anterior staphyloma. Treatment options are phototherapeutic keratectomy using excimer laser for nebula, optical iridectomy for central opacities, and keratoplasty.
This document provides information on eye injuries and first aid responses. It describes different types of eye injuries like bleeding in the eye, direct trauma, chemical contamination, hyphema, infections, and allergies. For first aid, it advises not pressing or rubbing the injured eye, removing contact lenses or foreign objects. It provides steps for flushing foreign bodies or chemicals from the eye with water for 15 minutes. For cuts or punctures, chemical burns, or welder's flash, it recommends covering the eye and seeing a medical professional promptly.
To know about definition , causes, types, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment home remedies for floating these can give knowledge by this presentation
This document discusses various disorders of the eye including inflammatory conditions like styes, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, and corneal ulcers. It also discusses glaucoma, which is a group of conditions caused by increased intraocular pressure damaging the optic nerve. Additional topics covered include strabismus, presbyopia, cataracts, retinopathies, retinal detachment, retinitis pigmentosa, ocular tumors, and refractive errors such as myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism.
This document discusses the approach to evaluating and treating a red and painful eye. It covers key aspects of history and physical exam, including common etiologies like caustic injuries, subconjunctival hemorrhages, acute angle closure glaucoma, hyphema, and penetrating injuries. Management depends on the underlying cause but may include irrigation, medications, imaging, or ophthalmology consultation for conditions like perforations or retrobulbar hematomas that require surgical intervention. The goal is to quickly diagnose the problem and prevent vision loss or complications.
Eye injuries and illnesses- Third year mbbs OphthalmologyDrVarun5179
Topic- Injuries of eye and other manifestations
Subject- Ophthalmology
Category- MBBS notes for Third year MBBS students.
Created by- Medicforyou
Website- http://medicforyou.blogspot.com
For any feedback or queries, mail me at killer5179@gmail.com
This document discusses various types of ocular emergencies and injuries including mechanical, chemical, thermal and radiational injuries. It provides details on extraocular foreign bodies, contusional or blunt injuries, perforating or penetrating injuries, and retained intraocular foreign bodies. Signs, symptoms, and treatment approaches are described for each type of injury. Acute congestive glaucoma is also covered, outlining its clinical course and treatments during an acute congestive attack which involve medical approaches like pilocarpine and timolol as well as surgical options like iridectomy or trabeculectomy.
The document discusses various types of ocular emergencies including physical injuries, chemical injuries, infections, and painless sudden loss of vision. Physical injuries are classified as blunt, penetrating, or perforating. Chemical injuries can be acidic or alkaline burns. Infections include corneal ulcers and endophthalmitis. Painless sudden loss of vision may be caused by retinal detachment or retinal artery occlusion. Other emergencies discussed are acute glaucoma and uveitis. The document provides details on signs, symptoms, evaluations, and treatments for each type of emergency.
Red eye can be caused by conditions affecting the conjunctiva, cornea, sclera, anterior chamber, or eyelids. Common causes include conjunctivitis (bacterial, viral, allergic), keratitis (infectious or non-infectious), corneal abrasion or ulcer, subconjunctival hemorrhage, episcleritis, iritis, hyphaema, glaucoma, entropion, ectropion, and orbital cellulitis. A thorough history and physical exam is needed to determine the cause and guide treatment.
This document discusses blepharitis, an inflammation of the eyelid margins. It is one of the most common ophthalmological conditions. Blepharitis can be anterior (affecting the front of the eyelid) or posterior (affecting the glands of the eyelid). Anterior blepharitis is characterized by inflammation at the base of the eyelashes and can be staphylococcal or seborrheic in nature. Diagnosis is clinical based on symptoms like burning, grittiness, and signs seen on examination like scales or crust around the eyelashes. Treatment involves eyelid hygiene including warm compresses, lid scrubs and massages to loosen debris and antibiotics or other medications
Ocular emergencies include injuries or conditions that cause pain, redness, swelling or vision changes in the eye. Examples are foreign objects in the eye, burns, blunt injuries, infections, blood clots or glaucoma. Prompt treatment is needed to prevent vision loss or blindness. Examinations assess vision, eye movements and structures. Treatments depend on the emergency, and may include irrigation, antibiotics, pressure reduction, wound closure or referral to an ophthalmologist. Examples of specific emergencies discussed are corneal abrasions, hyphema, lid or globe injuries, chemical burns, glaucoma and infections.
The document summarizes various eye assessment techniques and common eye disorders:
1) Visual acuity, visual fields, eye muscle function, color vision, pupils, sclera, cornea, and retina are assessed. Common disorders include cataracts, glaucoma, retinal detachment, conjunctivitis, and eyelid conditions.
2) Surgical and nonsurgical management are outlined for various conditions, including cataract extraction techniques, glaucoma treatment to lower pressure, and retinal detachment repair. Postoperative care is also addressed.
The document provides an overview of eye anatomy and physiology, common eye problems, nursing assessments of the eyes, and common ocular medications and treatments. It describes the layers of the eye including the sclera, choroid, iris, pupil, retina, and refractive media. It also summarizes common eye conditions like glaucoma, refractive errors, low vision and blindness.
This document provides information about ocular emergencies for student nurses, including objectives, classifications of emergencies, top ten emergencies, symptoms, and management of issues like chemical injuries, foreign bodies, and trauma. It aims to help students recognize, assess, diagnose, and properly treat ocular emergencies to prevent vision loss. The top ten emergencies covered include ischemic optic neuropathy, central retinal artery occlusion, retinal detachment, nerve palsy, corneal infections, open globe injuries, glaucoma, endophthalmitis, alkali injuries, and orbital cellulitis.
The document provides an overview of common ophthalmic disorders including objectives, key eye structures and functions, diagnostic tests, and nursing care for common conditions like corneal ulcers, glaucoma, and cataracts. Specifically, it defines corneal ulcers as open sores on the cornea caused by infections that require antibiotic eye drops. It also explains that glaucoma is characterized by high eye pressure that can damage the optic nerve and discusses treating it through lowering intraocular pressure with eye drops or surgery. Finally, it provides information on cataracts as clouding of the eye lens.
This document provides an overview of ophthalmic disorders and covers topics including common eye conditions, corneal ulcers, glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal disorders. It discusses the objectives of understanding eye structure and functions, diagnostic tests for vision assessment, defining and identifying the etiology and nursing care for various eye disorders. Specific conditions like corneal ulcers, glaucoma, and cataracts are explained in more detail including causes, clinical manifestations, diagnostic evaluation, treatment options and nursing management.
Glaucoma is a group of eye conditions characterized by optic nerve damage due to increased intraocular pressure caused by blocked drainage of the aqueous humor in the eye. It is a leading cause of blindness and risk increases with age, especially between 45-65 years old. Glaucoma is managed through medication, laser treatment, or surgery to facilitate drainage of aqueous humor and maintain safe intraocular pressure to prevent further optic nerve damage and vision loss. Strict lifelong treatment adherence and monitoring is important for glaucoma management and vision preservation.
Crossed eyes, also known as strabismus, is a condition where the eyes are not properly aligned and look in different directions. It can be caused by weakened eye muscles, abnormal nerve signals, heredity, or blurred vision. Treatment options include prescription glasses, eye muscle surgery, or in some cases patching the stronger eye to strengthen the weaker eye. Lazy eye, or amblyopia, is a reduced vision in an otherwise healthy eye due to poor neurological development, often caused by a difference in vision between the two eyes. Treatment focuses on patching the good eye or prescription lenses. Common eye infections like conjunctivitis are contagious and spread easily, requiring proper hygiene like handwashing after eye contact
Crossed eyes, also known as strabismus, is a condition where the eyes are not properly aligned and look in different directions. It can be caused by weakened eye muscles, abnormal nerve signals, heredity, or blurred vision. Treatment options include prescription glasses, eye muscle surgery, or in the case of lazy eye, covering the good eye to force use of the weaker eye. Conjunctivitis is a common eye infection that causes redness, discharge, and mild pain and spreads easily. Proper hygiene like hand washing after eye contact and not sharing eye drops is important to prevent spread. Allergic conjunctivitis is a seasonal allergy of the outer eye caused by pollen that presents with
This document provides an overview of common eye conditions presented by Dr. Augusto Arosemena to an audience in Boquete, Panama. It discusses blepharitis, dry eye, glaucoma, cataract, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. For each condition, it describes symptoms, causes, and treatment options. The document is intended to educate people on vision and eye health issues.
Opthalmology, the red eyes & more on the red eyesSalimKun
This document provides information about various causes of red eyes, including symptoms, signs, and treatment for each condition. It discusses infective conjunctivitis, corneal ulcer/keratitis, uveitis, acute angle-closure glaucoma, allergic conjunctivitis, subconjunctival haemorrhage, episcleritis, scleritis, blepharitis/meibomianitis, orbital cellulitis, herpes simplex infection of the eyelids, and pterygium. For each condition, it outlines the characteristic red eye symptoms, signs visible to the doctor, and typical treatment approaches. The document is intended to educate students on the different reasons a person may experience red eyes and
Pediatric eye disorders can affect vision development in children. A childhood eye exam evaluates visual acuity, ocular alignment and structure, and eye health. The exam includes tests of the red reflex, pupil response, and visual focus and tracking. Common childhood eye conditions include strabismus, amblyopia, and infections like conjunctivitis. Early detection through regular eye exams is important to address any vision problems and prevent long-term amblyopia.
This document provides information on caring for patients with eye infections and cataracts. It begins with objectives and anatomy of the eye. Specific infections covered include blepharitis, hordeolum, chalazion, orbital cellulitis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, and corneal ulcers. Cataracts are also discussed, including causes, types, signs and symptoms, and surgical management. For each condition, causes, signs and symptoms, treatment, and relevant nursing interventions are described.
Presbyopia, floaters, and dry eyes are some of the most common eye problems. Presbyopia causes difficulty seeing close objects and is usually corrected with reading glasses. Floaters are spots that float in vision and could indicate a serious problem if their appearance changes suddenly. Dry eyes occur when the tear glands do not produce enough tears, sometimes requiring surgery for more severe cases. Other common eye issues include cataracts, glaucoma, retinal disorders, conjunctivitis, corneal diseases, and eyelid problems. Many of these conditions can impact vision if not properly diagnosed and treated.
The cornea is the clear outer layer of the eye that focuses light. Corneal injury or abrasion occurs when the cornea's surface is damaged. Common causes include chemical burns, contact lens overuse, dust, and scratches. Symptoms include eye pain and sensitivity to light. Treatment involves antibiotic eye drops to prevent infection along with pain medication. Patching the eye is not recommended as it does not improve healing and can increase pain. Close follow up is needed to monitor for complications like infection or ulcer.
This document provides instructions for instilling eye drops and applying eye ointment. It defines eye drop instillation as dispensing sterile ophthalmic medication into a patient's eye. Eye drops are used to treat various eye disorders, anesthetize the eye for treatments or exams, and diagnose or treat conditions like glaucoma and infections. Safety procedures include hand hygiene, verifying patient identity, checking for allergies, and administering medications quietly without interruptions. Nurses should identify the patient, check the physician's directives, wash hands, clean the eyelids, tilt the head back, administer the correct number of drops, have the patient close their eyes slowly and move them to distribute the medication.
Traumatic eye injury hypothetical case presentaionmeducationdotnet
This patient presented with chemical injury to the right eye after being hit with a scraper. The initial treatment of checking the pH and irrigating with 1L saline was not sufficient as chemical injuries require prolonged irrigation. The eye also was not checked for foreign bodies. Going forward, the eye requires patching, antibiotic drops, and monitoring in the hospital for complications like increased pressure or additional bleeding. Long term risks include scarring, glaucoma, and potential retinal detachment.
The eye has several components including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina, macula, and optic nerve. Light enters through the cornea and is focused by the lens onto the retina. The retina senses light and sends signals through the optic nerve to the brain where images are formed. Disorders mentioned include glaucoma, cataracts, retinal detachment, conjunctivitis, uveitis, keratoconus, blepharitis, styes, and nearsightedness. Many can be treated through eyedrops, glasses, or surgery.
The document discusses various refractive errors and eye conditions including:
- Refractive errors like myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism which cause blurred vision and can be corrected with glasses or contacts.
- Eye conditions like strabismus, hordeolum, blepharitis, entropion, and ectropion. Strabismus is eye misalignment while the others involve eyelid inflammation or turning.
- Causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment are described for each condition. Conservative treatments include eyeglasses, contact lenses, warm compresses, and eye drops. Some conditions may require incision and drainage or surgery.
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There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
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3. STRUCTURE OF THE EYE INCLUDE FOLLOWING
SCLERA
Tough fibrous coat that helps maintain the shape of the eye
CORNEA
Transparent anterior portion of the eye that overlies the iris and pupil
CONJUCTIVA
Membrane that covers the sclera and internal surface of eyelids
IRIS
Pigmented part of the eye that surrounds the pupil
PUPIL
Circular adjustable opening through which light passes to the lens
RETINA
Receives light impulses and converts them to nerve signals
OPTIC NERVE
Provides the sense of vision
LENS
A transparent structure that can alter its thickness to focus light on the
retina
4. CLASSIFICATION OF EYE INJURIES
LACERATION
Eyelids
globe
ASSESSMENT
MOI
pain ,swelling ,redness ,inflammation
may be visual loss
MANAGEMENT
1. Bleeding from eyelids due to laceration ,may be heavy ,but it
usually can be controlled by gentle manual pressure
2. Never exert pressure on or manipulate the injured globe in
any way.
3. If part of the globe is exposed ,gently apply a moist sterile
dressing to prevent drying
4. Apply soft sterile dressing to both eyes and provide prompt
transport to the hospital
6. BLUNT EYE INJURIES
Orbital blowout fracture
Assessment
- ecchymosis, swelling, pain
- double vision (diplopia)
- tenderness
Management
- suspect it is associated with facial fracture
- apply cervical collar
- manage airway in a standard fashion
- apply soft and sterile dressing to both eyes and
transport rapidly
8. RETINAL DETACHMENT
Often seen in sport injuries,especially boxing.
This painless condition produces flashing light
,specks,or floaters in the field of vision and a cloud or
shade over the patient vision.
Cover both the eye with sterile dressing and transport.
if hyphema or rupture of globe is suspected :
- take spinal motion restriction
- elevate the head approximately 40 degree to
decrease intraocular pressure
- discourage the patient from performing the
activities that may increase IOP.(eg,coughing).
10. AVULSION OF GLOBE
On rare occasions globe may be displaced
(avulsed) out of its socket
- do not attempt to manipulate or reposition it in
anyway !
- cover the protruding eye with a moist ,sterile
dressing and stabilize it along with uninjured eye to
prevent further injury due to sympathetic eye
movement
- place the patient in a supine position to prevent
further loss of fluid from the eye
12. FOREIGN BODIES AND IMPALED OBJECT
Foreign objects produce severe irritation
Conjuctiva becomes red and inflamed
Eye begins to produce tears in attempt to flush out the
object
Intense pain
Don’t rub the eye
Wash eye with clean water
If foreign body is impaled in the globe , do not remove it
!
Stabilize the object with bulky dressing ; place a cup or
other protective barrier over the object and secure it
Cover the unaffected eye too
14. BURNS OF THE EYE
Chemical burns - usually caused by acid or alkali
solutions
Thermal burns - mainly eyelids exposed and are
frequently burned
Superficial burns – it can result from UV rays from
an arc welding unit,prolonged exposure to sunlamp
or reflected light from snow covered area (snow
blindness) .
- may not painful initially but may become so 3 to 5
hours later ,as the damaged cornea responds to the
injury
- severe conjuctivitis along with redness , swelling
and excessive tear production usually develops
16. MANAGEMENT
Your role is to stop the burning process and prevent
the further damage
Burns caused by UV rays are most effectively
treated by covering the eye with sterile moist pad
and an eye shield
application of cool compresses lightly over the eye
may relief the pain
Use snow goggles or other kinds of sunglasses
For chemical burns – begin immediate irrigation
with sterile water or saline solution .
Never use any chemical antidotes
18. IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES
Ideally you should use a bulb or irrigation syringe ,a
nasal cannula , or some other device that will allow you
to control the flow
Always flush from the nose side of the eye towards the
outside to avoid flushing material into the other eye
Irrigate the eye for at least 5 minutes . If the burn was
caused by an alkali or a strong acid , irrigate the eye
continuously for 20 minutes
In some circumstances ,you may have to pour water into
the eye by the holding the patients head under a gently
running faucet.
You can have the patient immerse his or her face in a
large pan or basin of water and rapidly blink the affected
eyelid
Avoid contaminated water to getting into the unaffected
eye .