2. TRANSPORT MECHANISM
• It refers to the different pathways and processes a cell
must move substances in, out and around itself
• It refers to the process of a cell, in which the plasma
membrane plays an important role in making it move in
and out.
6. SIMPLE DIFFUSION
Simple diffusion is a passive transport mechanism that allows
molecules to move from an area of high concentration to an
area of low concentration across a semipermeable membrane.
This process does not require energy from the cell and is
driven by the random movement of molecules.
7. EXAMPLES OF
SIMPLE
DIFFUSION:
1
OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN
THE LUNGS
2
ETHANOL ABSORPTION INTO THE
BLOODSTREAM
3 GAS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS
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4 NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY CELLS
8. OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE LUNGS
Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs into the
bloodstream, while carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the
alveoli to be exhaled.
9. ETHANOL ABSORPTION INTO THE BLOODSTREAM
When you consume alcoholic beverages, ethanol diffuses from the
stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream.
10. GAS EXCHANGE IN PLANTS
Gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen diffuse through the
stomata (pores) of leaves into and out of the plant.
11. NUTRIENT UPTAKE BY CELLS
Small molecules like oxygen and glucose can diffuse directly into
cells through the cell membrane.
13. OSMOSIS
The passive movement of water or any other solvent
molecules from a region of lower water concentration to a
region of higher water concentration through a cell’s
semipermeable membrane.
15. FACILITATED TRANSPORT
Facilitated diffusion is the transport of substances across a biological
membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower
concentration with the help of a transport molecule. Since substances
move along the direction of their concentration gradient, chemical energy
is not directly required. Examples of biological processes that entail
facilitated diffusion are glucose and amino acid transport, gas transport,
and ion transport. Facilitated diffusion is important because it regulates
what goes in and what goes out of the cell. The plasma membrane is the
cellular structure that is responsible for the selective movements of
substances.
17. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Active transport is used by cells to move molecules into the
cell or out of it using energy. It allows the cell to stay healthy
and keep working.
Active transport is the process by which cells and small
organisms carry out uptake or release of solutes across a
particular membrane by utilizing energy in order to achieve a
state of equilibrium.
18. ACTIVE TRANSPORT
Active transport means something goes into the cell or out of
the cell with the use of energy, like a pump pumping
something through a tube. The cell uses this pump to maintain
the proper balance of solutes so the cells can work properly.
It's different from passive transport, in which no energy is
required to allow diffusion of water and small solutes across
the membrane, such as through the diffusion of oxygen and
Co2 across lung walls to sustain respiration in the body.
19. PRIMARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT
- ION PUMPS
Primary active transport is an international and uphill mode of
transport where a transport protein directly uses energy from
ATP phosphorylation.
20. SECONDARY ACTIVE TRANSPORT
The electrochemical gradients set up by primary active
transport store energy, which can be released as the ions
move back down their gradients. Secondary active transport
uses the energy stored in these gradients to move other
substances against their own gradients.
21. IMPORTANCE OF TRANSPORT MECHANISM IN CELL
• The purpose of the transport mechanism is to protect the
cell's internal environment and to keep its balance of salts,
nutrients, and proteins within a range that keeps the cell and
the organism alive.
• Transport mechanism is essential for cellular life. As cells
proceed through their life cycle, a vast amount of exchange is
necessary to maintain function. Transport may involve the
incorporation of biological molecules and the discharge of
waste products that are necessary for normal function.
