1. The document discusses using photovoice methodology to understand public perspectives on an inclusive knowledge network (IKN) development in Indonesia. 2. Nine participants were selected and provided photos online along with explanations, which were analyzed into six themes around accessibility, culture, waste management, safety, facilities for children and elderly, and support for those with disabilities. 3. The analysis found public support for accessible facilities, culture preservation, innovative waste solutions, safe urban design, and accommodations for children, elderly and those with disabilities in the new IKN, though the study had limitations as informants may not represent all Indonesians.

2. About the Paper
The development of
IKN sparked interest
from academicians
This paper seek to understand general
public voice on IKN development by
introducing photovoice as a tool for
participatory action

3. A Smart and
Inclusive
IKN
Previous researches focused
more on marginalized people,
economic - geographic and
environmental perspective

4. We focus on the concept of smart and inclusive city
What is an inclusive IKN
according to the general public?

5. We argue that citizen
participation in designing the
new IKN will improve their sense
of belonging to it.

6. Photovoice as Participatory Action
Document aspects of their lives
through photography and give a
written or oral explanation for each
picture they have made
Citizens as Informants
an approach to increase the collective
participation of various actors in order
to enable the development of bottom-
up and inclusive IKN policies
Reach the Unreachable

7. Methodology
Objects &
Participants
Selection
1
Participants were
selected and briefed
Data
Collection
2
Photos were
collected online
Codebook
Development
3
Codebook was
developed using
existing literature
Thematic
Analysis
4
Themes are
identified

8. Participant Profile (n=9)
Gender Female 7 (87.5%)
Male 1 (12.5%)
Age 25-34 6
35-44 2
Marital Status Single 3
Married 3
Divorced 2
Number of Children None 3
1-3 3
4-5 2
Monthly Income IDR 2,000,000 - 5,000,000 2
More than 5,000,000 6
Currently in
Indonesia?
Yes 1 (8%)
No 12 (92%)
Demographic
64 8 Excluded
|
Age ;
Physical / Mental Disability
Religion;
Race and Etnicity
Gender and Sexual Identity;
Income and wealth
Location
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Codebook developed based on
Anttiroike and De Jong (2020)

9. What the photos are telling
us
Thematic
Analysis
05
02
01
06
03
04
Child and Age-friendly city
Safety & Neat Design
Culture
Person with Disability
Access for All
Waste Management

10. Person with
Disability
PWDs face challenges when interacting
on urban space (Oleveiora and Kofuji
2016)
The importance of city facilities
to accommodate PWDs
Accessibility in both urban and rural space which
includes physicial environment, transportation ,
ICT and services.
Convention on the Rights of PWD -
the United Nation

11. Child and Age-Friendly City
“A place and/or open space that combines
activities, community activities and
socializing, and can be a child-friendly space”"
Facilities for Children
Aims to develop a supportive urban
communities and places for elderly
Elderly as the most excluded ( UN- Habitat
2010)
WHO : Age-Friendly City

12. Waste
Management
Future IKN should avoid creating waste problems
and offer innovative solution to such issue
Classic city Problem
“rivers and garbage are classic city
problems, with good waste and
waste handling with a smart
environment concept, it is hoped
that the rivers in IKN can be clean
and protect the ecosystem of living
biota in it.”(RIFF002).

13. Safety and
Neat Design
The Government Needs not only build Safe
and Neat Design public facilities but also
need to carry out infrastructure audits
regularly (Sa'di 2019)
“Traditional markets in Indonesia are
clean, without garbage, neatly arranged,
there is no air pollution and the people
are disciplined and comply with
applicable rules and regulations.” .

14. Access For All
Facilities and services to be readily accessible regardless of
economic differences nor location.
Equality across Income Level
Public displayed information needs to be easy to access
and understandable
Access to Information
Access to information is a key element
alongside protecting fundamental
freedoms (Satterthwaite, 2016)
"The existence of public facilities
that are accessible for every level of
society will significantly enhance
the inclusiveness of the city. "

15. Culture
Smart Metabolism
Smart Culture
Smart Governance
Smart City Framework by
Zaheer et.al (2018) :
Without the presence of people's culture support,
innovation will become useless
The need for Appropropriate Culture

16. What Is Not
Expressed?
Does the IKN need to be high-tech?
Only 2 photos showing ICT related theme.
ICT Related Solution?

17. Conclusion
We presented six themes based on general public opinion
Photovoice allows us to understand
what people think about the future IKN
should be from the inclusivity aspect
Informants can not represent general public in
Indonesia.
Photovoice methodology needed to be executed in full
cycle
Limitations need to be addressed

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