Philosophy studies fundamental aspects of existence, man, and man's relationship to existence. Philosophy of education examines education's purpose, role in society, and the roles of teachers. It views education as a process of formal schooling, training, and developing students physically, emotionally, intellectually, and spiritually. Education serves social functions like socialization, cultural development, social integration, and social placement. Teachers should embrace knowledge, wisdom, noble values, and ethics in their profession. Philosophy of education provides a theoretical foundation for understanding education and teaching practices.

1. BASIC CONCEPT OF PHILOSPOHY AND
PHILOSOPHY OF EDUCATION

2. BASIC CONCEPT OF
PHILOSOPHY
“Philosophy studies the fundamental
nature of existence, of man, and man’s
relationship to existence. …In the realm
of cognition, the special sciences are
the trees, but philosophy is the soil
which makes the forest possible”
–Ayn Rand, Philosophy, who needs it (p. 2)

3. Three Angles of Philosophy
Etymology
• Philo means ‘love’,
Sophia means
‘knowledge’.
• Those who have a love
for knowledge or
wisdom are philosopher.
Terminolog
y
• Different philosophers
have different definition
of philosophy.
• But common in
elements such as man,
God and the Universe.
Practically
• Thinking thoroughly,
free from the bonds of
tradition.
• Systematic, radical and
universal.

4. “…Knowledge which encompasses truth.
…contains metaphysics, logic, rhetoric, ethics,
economics, politics and aesthetics.”
“…only through knowledge can man attain the
real truth”.
“…knowledge about the physical universe”.
“…All types knowledge where God, universe
and man become the focus of education”.

5. Relationship between Theology,
Philosophy And Sciences.
PHILOSOPHY SCIENCE
THEOLOGY

6. Concept of education
• Originates from the Latin word e-ducare
which means “to lead out”
• According to dictionary of Education
“education is a comprehensive process to
develop an individual’s abilities and
behavior”
• Social process

7. • John Dewey, an eminent Western
educationist
“education is a special process to evaluate
man’s status”. School is a seen as a special
environment which is the same as the social
environment”
• Dr. Yusuf al-Qardawi(1980)
“education encompass our whole being-
physically, emotionally, spiritually and
intellectually”.

8. • Prof. Hassan Langgulung(1987)
“education is a process of changing the
culture values of each individuals.
Teaching
• Transfer of
knowledge
Traning
• Conditioning
the self the
self to do
something in
order to
acquire the
necessary
skills
Indoctrination
• Enabling the
individual to
imitate
others.
• Speaking,
behave

9. CONCEPT OF
PHILOSOPHY OF
EDUCATION

10. Exercise1: Explain the functions
of education with examples
Socialization
process
Cultural
development
Social integration Social placement
Function of
education

11. Socialization process
• Socialization is a learning process that
begins shortly after birth. Early childhood
is the period of the most intense and the
most crucial socialization. It is then that
we acquire language and learn the
fundamentals of our culture. ... As we
age, we enter new statuses and need to
learn the appropriate roles for them
• https://www2.palomar.edu/anthro/social/soc_1.htm#:~:text=Socialization%20is%20a%20learning%20process,the%20fun
damentals%20of%20our%20culture.&text=As%20we%20age%2C%20we%20enter,the%20appropriate%20roles%20for%2
0them.

12. Cultural development
• Cultural Development refers to the
strategic planning and implementing of
strategies to leverage your community's
unique cultural assets for the economic
and cultural benefit of the community as
a whole.
• https://blog.mdbinsight.com/why-cultural-development-is-important-to-your-community

13. Social integration
• Social integration enables persons,
regardless of their attributes, to enjoy
equal opportunities, rights and services
that are available to the so-called
mainstream group.
• https://www.un.org/esa/socdev/social/meetings/egm6_social_integration/documents/Promoting_Social_Integ
ration.pdf

14. Social placement
• This socialization also involves learning
the rules and norms of the society as a
whole. In the early days of compulsory
education, students learned the
dominant culture. ... Education
also provides one of the major methods
used by people for upward social
mobility. This function is
referred to as social placement.
• https://courses.lumenlearning.com/foundationsofedx81xmaster/chapter/four-basic-purposes-of-schools/

15. What Do You Know
About Philosophy
of Education?

16. Philosophy of education
is a form of analytical that
is used to explain the
basic concepts related to
education.

17. Educationists paying attention to the
following :
• What is purpose of education?
• What is the role of education for us and
society?
• What is the role of teachers?
• How can we better understand our
children?

18. Philosophy of Education
Education as a process:
• Formal schooling
• Systematic training/exercises
• Physical, emotional, intellectual, and
spiritual development (JERI)
• Indoctrination - believe and be confident
• Lifetime
• Integrated - cognitive, affective &
psychomotor

19. The Importance of Educational
Philosophy to Teachers
• Always love knowledge
• Always perform tasks with wisdom
(hikmah)
• Always practice noble morals – akhlak
yang mulia (noble values)
• Always uphold the ethics of the teaching
profession

20. Conclusion
❖The definition of philosophy can be
examined from three aspects , namely
etymology, terminology and practicality.
❖There are various definitions for the term
‘education’ given by western, eastern and
Islamic philosophers.
❖Philosophy of education helps a teacher
understand the theoretical foundations of
education thus influencing his practices
as a teacher.

21. Additional references
The scope and nature of philosophy
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PtaOdukeJ4E
What is Philosophy?: Crash Course Philosophy #1
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1A_CAkYt3GY
The social functions of education in a developing country:
The case of Malaysian schools and the role of Malaysian
teachers (attached)