Topic 5 DQ 2 Nov 3-7, 2022 Imagine once again that you are an automobile manufacturing executive tasked with increasing sales in your state. You wish to do a qualitative study to obtain the perspective of sales personnel regarding an incentive program you implemented at few dealerships that quantitatively proved to be successful. The three sources of data for your case study are individual semi-structured interviews, archival documents, and field observations. What are the most significant strengths and weaknesses of the methods for collecting data from these data sources? Why are these significant? What skills are needed to collect the data effectively? Explain. What concerns do you have about the feasibility of implementing these methods of data collection for this study? Explain. One student already answered the below answer Use this students answer below to make sure your answer sounds similar STUDENT ANSWER- In the scenario for the automobile manufacturing company and the perspective of the sales personnel using the semi-structured interview, field observations, and archival documents would have positives and negatives. The semi-structured interview provides an opportunity for in-depth, open-ended questions (Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). The researcher can stray from the established questions, which allows for follow-up questions. A weakness might be the time it takes to interview all the participants, conduct the interview, and the researcher's bias. Field observations can not be recorded as they occur and rely on the researcher's memory. The researcher needs to record the evidence quickly after the event (Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). Finally, archival documents need approval before they are used. For our scenario, looking at companies implementing an incentive program would benefit the research. The data will provide a rich description of the participants. The researcher must be familiar with the research but not provide bias when conducting the research. Some considerations need to be made when collecting data. Modality, time of the interview, if they are recorded, and sharing the purpose of the interview must be disclosed to those participating in the research. Concerns about the feasibility would be money, time, and the number of participants. Resources: Steffes, D. & Jacobs, J. (2021). Introduction to sampling, data collection, and data analysis. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.), GCU doctoral research: Foundations and Theories.  https://lc.gcumedia.com/webbooks/gcu-doctoral-research-introduction-to-sampling-data-collection-and-data-analysis/v1.1/#/chapter/6 Student responses Original Question- Topic 5 DQ 1 Think again of the study on the influence of high school principals’ leadership styles and academic achievement in their schools in your state. The sources of data must be aligned with the research questions and study design, and they must be feasible for administration of the study. Identify five different qu.

1. Topic 5 DQ 2
Nov 3-7, 2022
Imagine once again that you are an automobile manufacturing
executive tasked with increasing sales in your state. You wish
to do a qualitative study to obtain the perspective of sales
personnel regarding an incentive program you implemented at
few dealerships that quantitatively proved to be successful. The
three sources of data for your case study are individual semi-
structured interviews, archival documents, and field
observations. What are the most significant strengths and
weaknesses of the methods for collecting data from these data
sources? Why are these significant? What skills are needed to
collect the data effectively? Explain. What concerns do you
have about the feasibility of implementing these methods of
data collection for this study? Explain.
One student already answered the below answer
Use this students answer below to make sure your answer
sounds similar
STUDENT ANSWER- In the scenario for the automobile
manufacturing company and the perspective of the sales
personnel using the semi-structured interview, field
observations, and archival documents would have positives and
negatives. The semi-structured interview provides an
opportunity for in-depth, open-ended questions (Steffes &
Jacobs, 2021). The researcher can stray from the established
questions, which allows for follow-up questions. A weakness
might be the time it takes to interview all the participants,
conduct the interview, and the researcher's bias. Field
observations can not be recorded as they occur and rely on the
researcher's memory. The researcher needs to record the
evidence quickly after the event (Steffes & Jacobs, 2021).
Finally, archival documents need approval before they are used.

2. For our scenario, looking at companies implementing an
incentive program would benefit the research. The data will
provide a rich description of the participants. The researcher
must be familiar with the research but not provide bias when
conducting the research. Some considerations need to be made
when collecting data. Modality, time of the interview, if they
are recorded, and sharing the purpose of the interview must be
disclosed to those participating in the research. Concerns about
the feasibility would be money, time, and the number of
participants.
Resources:
Steffes, D. & Jacobs, J. (2021). Introduction to sampling, data
collection, and data analysis. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.),
GCU doctoral research: Foundations and Theories.
https://lc.gcumedia.com/webbooks/gcu-doctoral-
research-introduction-to-sampling-data-collection-and-data-
analysis/v1.1/#/chapter/6
Student responses
Original Question-
Topic 5 DQ 1
Think again of the study on the influence of high school
principals’ leadership styles and academic achievement in their
schools in your state. The sources of data must be aligned with
the research questions and study design, and they must be
feasible for administration of the study. Identify five different
qualitative data sources that could be used to examine
participants' experiences and perceptions about the
phenomenon. Which ones are most appropriate for use with each
of the GCU core qualitative research designs? What are some
concerns you may have about the feasibility of using each one
of the five data sources identified in the qualitative study
described above?

3. ED Response-
Databases are used to survey the participation and involvement
of the participants. The data sources, the research questions and
the study design must align and must be reasonable for the
management of the study. In the case of the influence of high
school principals’ leadership styles and the academic
achievement in their schools, the five different qualitative data
sources that could be used to examine participants' experiences
and perceptions about the incident are: Basic qual design -
descriptive interviews, focus groups, archival, observations;
Case study - descriptive interviews, focus groups, archival,
questionnaire, observations; Phenomenology - long or narrative
interview; other instruments would not have a tendency to
produce the needed depth of data; Narrative - long or narrative
interview; other instruments would not likely produce the
needed difficulty of data; Grounded theory - large capacities of
long or narrative interviews, observations, focus groups;
collected in multiple sites or surge of interviews, focus groups,
questionnaires, instruments, and observations. There might be
some questions of the author when using basic qual design
because the data may be outdated and ineffective in helping
move the research forward. Trang (2022) posited that to gain
credibility for the study, data from a qualitative study should be
collected over a considerable amount of time since data that is
collected within a short amount of time is a significant amount
of time.
Trang, N. M. (2022). Using YouTube Videos to Enhance
Learner Autonomy in Writing: A Qualitative Research
Design. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 12(1), 36-45.
DO you agree or disagree with Emily ? Why or why not?
Stacy .D.V Response-
Qualitative methodology enables researchers to make sense of
reality, to describe and explain the social world and to develop
explanatory models and theories. It is the primary means by

4. which the theoretical foundations of social sciences may be
constructed or re-examined. By using qualitative methodology
to analyze the influence of high school principals’ leadership
styles and academic achievement in their schools through
implementing focus groups, questionnaires, document analysis,
and observation (Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). Focus groups are
most effective when researchers are trying to get more in-depth
information on perceptions, insights, attitudes, experiences or
beliefs from key stakeholders. The concern with this approach
is timing to ensure all participants can meet at the same time.
Interviews are effective for researchers when trying to obtain
explanation to better understand and explore research subjects'
opinions, behavior, experiences, or phenomenon. This is good to
understand at the individual level but can be of concern for
interview bias as well as may be out of alignment with the
research problem statement depending o the added details
absent in the scenario. Observation is effective when the
researcher is trying to understand an on going process or
behavior of an unfolding situation or event, there is physical
evidence or products or outcomes that can be seen and/or
written or data collection methods seem inappropriate. The
concern with this approach is the time demanded of the
researcher required. Document analysis is helpful for
researchers to understand and categorize primary sources or
original accounts from people who had personal experiences
with this topic. The concern with this approach is the
conclusions drawn from the documents analyzed. When
selecting the appropriate data collection method there are a few
considerations that must be employed, however, the most
important consideration is for the researcher to clearly define
the phenomenon to be studied and the alignment of the study
(Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). For researcher regarding the
analyzation of the influence of high school principals'
leadership styles and academic achievement in their schools
observation would be the best approach because it. isa less
direct method than interviews or focus groups and pays careful

5. attention tot he participant's behaviors and activities in order to
gather the data regarding influence of leadership types on
academic success.
References:
Steffes, D. & Jacobs, J. (2021). Introduction to sampling, data
collection, and data analysis. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.),
GCU doctoral research: Foundations and Theories.
https://lc.gcumedia.com/webbooks/gcu-doctoral-
research-introduction-to-sampling-data-collection-and-data-
analysis/v1.1/#/chapter/6
Do you agree with stacy – yes or no and why?
Ka Response- Using qualitative methodology, researchers can
analyze the influence of high school principals’ leadership
styles and academic achievement in their schools through the
following data collection methods; focus groups,
questionnaires, instruments, observations, and field notes
(Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). These primary sources are resources
collected by the research. When selecting the appropriate data
source there are several considerations to gauge. The most
important consideration is for the researcher to clearly define
the phenomenon to be studied and the alignment of the study
(Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). For this caliber of research, the
qualitative data collection method that appears the most
appropriate is a focus group. A focus group invites multiple
individuals to engage in group discussion on the phenomenon
(Steffes & Jacobs, 2021). In this case the phenomenon is the
relationship between principal leadership styles and academic
achievement in their schools. The focus group style would allow
researchers to bring together different constituents whether
parents, subordinates or students to answer questions centered
around the leadership style of the principals. A potential

6. concern with establishing focus groups is group think, resulting
from the dominance of outspoken participants.
With the other data collection methods (questionnaires,
instruments, observations and field notes) I would have
concerns about bias, interviewer effect, response rate, filter
responses and selective results. With interviews and field notes,
the risk of bias is high. Elements of bias are dependent on the
structure of the interview method. During the interview process
interviewees responses can also be influenced by the conduct of
the interviewer (known as interviewer effect). When
administering questionnaires, a major concern is always
response rate. Depending on the style of questionnaire the rate
of response can range from 10% to 89% (Steffes & Jacobs,
2021).
References:
Steffes, D. & Jacobs, J. (2021). Introduction to sampling, data
collection, and data analysis. In Grand Canyon University (Ed.),
GCU doctoral research: Foundations and Theories.
https://lc.gcumedia.com/webbooks/gcu-doctoral-
research-introduction-to-sampling-data-collection-and-data-
analysis/v1.1/#/chapter/6
Do you agree with Ka yes or no and why ??