The document provides formulas for calculating various metrics related to metal forming processes including: 1. Cutting force and stripping force formulas which calculate these values based on shear area, shear strength, and total cutting length. 2. A formula for calculating flat blank length which factors in leg lengths, bend radius, correction factor, and bend angle. 3. A table with correction factor values for different ratios of bend radius to material thickness when calculating flat blank length.

1. Useful formulas:-1. Cutting force
2. Stripping force
3. Flat blank length
4. Correction factor for flat blank length
5. Pre-form for full circle forming
6. Number of drawing process
7. Draw clearance
8. Number of draw reduction
9. Draw reduction percentage
10. Area of flat ring
11. Area of Cylinder
12. Area of fillet
13. Area of invert fillet
14. Area of hemisphere
15. Area of spherical ring & dish
F= A x Tß
F = Cutting force
S = Material thickness
Cutting force L = Total cutting length
A = L x S = Shear area
Tß = Shear strength
Note : Shear strength = 80% of tensile strength
P= ( L x S x Tß ) / 10
P = Stripping force
S = Material thickness
Stripping force L = Total cutting length
A = L x S = Shear area
Tß = Shear strength
L = a + ( R + q x s/2 )( Pi x ° / 180)
L = Flat blank length
a, b = Length of legs
R = Bend radius
q = Correction factor ( refer to table below )
° = Bend angle
Pi = 3.1416
Correction factor q
Ratio R : s 5.0 3.0 2.0 1.2 0.8 0.5
Correction factor Correction
factor
1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5
R = Bend
radius
S = Material thickness
E = ( D + s ) 0.707