This document discusses pathways to success for REDD+ (Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) programs. It notes that REDD+ now has broad support but countries need to rapidly share lessons learned and develop a common vision for national REDD+ programs. Countries start REDD+ readiness activities from different points due to varying land use trends, deforestation drivers, and governance situations. Crucial early activities include transparent stakeholder consultations to develop an inclusive approach to REDD+ planning and implementation.
The document discusses using the OSIRIS tool to compare different designs for reference emission levels and incentive systems for REDD+. It provides an overview of the Terrestrial Carbon Group, key policy considerations in designing REDD+ systems, and outputs from the OSIRIS tool. The OSIRIS tool allows flexible inputs to model and compare REDD+ approaches in terms of their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity.
Choosing the Clean Path for Fueling Our Transportation FutureLiz Barratt-Brown
The document discusses the environmental impacts and policy implications of expanding production of high-carbon fuels like tar sands and oil shale. It argues that developing these fuels undermines efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve climate goals. Tar sands extraction in particular has significant land use and water impacts. Increased reliance on high-carbon fuels could make an 80% reduction in transportation emissions by 2050 impossible and undermine energy security goals by locking in long-term dependence on oil. Alternative solutions are needed that reduce oil use and avoid environmentally destructive sources of fuel.
Tower Resources is an AIM-listed oil and gas exploration company focused on Africa and the Middle East. It currently has projects in Namibia and Western Sahara. In Namibia, Tower has a 30% interest in three offshore blocks covering 12,000 square kilometers. Recent 3D seismic data and analysis has identified multiple prospects and leads with over 9 billion barrels of potential oil resources. Tower plans to participate in an exploration well in Namibia in 2013 to test some of the largest identified prospects. The company raised $9.2 million in funding in July 2012 for its work programs.
This document discusses REDD+, a mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. It notes that past policies have failed to stop deforestation, and additional incentives are needed to encourage forest conservation. REDD+ aims to provide payments from polluters in advanced countries to support conservation and sustainable forest management in developing countries. The document summarizes key COP meetings that advanced REDD+ and established safeguards. It also provides examples of a REDD+ pilot project in Nepal that measured forest carbon, distributed payments to communities, and found social and environmental co-benefits of the program.
The document discusses a proposed merger between Cortona Resources Limited and Unity Mining Limited that would create a mid-tier gold mining company. The merger would combine Cortona's Dargues Reef Gold Project in New South Wales with Unity's Henty gold mine in Tasmania. The combined entity would have gold resources over 735,000 ounces and reserves over 350,000 ounces. The merger is expected to provide financial strength, increased production scale, and exposure to multiple gold projects and exploration opportunities in Australia and Africa.
Jason Cox, Dynegy, Inc. - Speaker at the marcus evans Generation Summit 2012, held in San Antonio, TX, delivered his presentation entitled Enigma, Paradox or Conundrum? The Asset Manager’s Challenge to Do More with Le$$
Apache Corporation had significant exploration and development successes in Australia in 2007. Key discoveries included the Julimar natural gas field in the Carnarvon Basin, which had estimated reserves of 650 billion cubic feet. Apache also advanced development of the Van Gogh and Pyrenees oil fields in the Exmouth Basin, which are expected to add substantial production volumes. Apache's portfolio in Australia provides opportunities for future growth through further appraisal and development as well as an inventory of exploration prospects.
Opportunity and Risk of REDD+, Green Economy, and Sustainable DevelopmenttheREDDdesk
The document discusses opportunity and risk of REDD+, green economy, and sustainable development. It outlines that properly managed, REDD+ and a green economy can provide new business opportunities in Indonesia, such as ecotourism and value-added forestry industries, while conserving the environment. However, challenges include the sustainability of international commitments, government policy changes, and private sector involvement. The document recommends mitigating risks by changing to an ownership culture, balancing economic growth and environmental protection, prioritizing education, and providing incentives for private sector participation.
The document discusses using the OSIRIS tool to compare different designs for reference emission levels and incentive systems for REDD+. It provides an overview of the Terrestrial Carbon Group, key policy considerations in designing REDD+ systems, and outputs from the OSIRIS tool. The OSIRIS tool allows flexible inputs to model and compare REDD+ approaches in terms of their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity.
Choosing the Clean Path for Fueling Our Transportation FutureLiz Barratt-Brown
The document discusses the environmental impacts and policy implications of expanding production of high-carbon fuels like tar sands and oil shale. It argues that developing these fuels undermines efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve climate goals. Tar sands extraction in particular has significant land use and water impacts. Increased reliance on high-carbon fuels could make an 80% reduction in transportation emissions by 2050 impossible and undermine energy security goals by locking in long-term dependence on oil. Alternative solutions are needed that reduce oil use and avoid environmentally destructive sources of fuel.
Tower Resources is an AIM-listed oil and gas exploration company focused on Africa and the Middle East. It currently has projects in Namibia and Western Sahara. In Namibia, Tower has a 30% interest in three offshore blocks covering 12,000 square kilometers. Recent 3D seismic data and analysis has identified multiple prospects and leads with over 9 billion barrels of potential oil resources. Tower plans to participate in an exploration well in Namibia in 2013 to test some of the largest identified prospects. The company raised $9.2 million in funding in July 2012 for its work programs.
This document discusses REDD+, a mechanism for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. It notes that past policies have failed to stop deforestation, and additional incentives are needed to encourage forest conservation. REDD+ aims to provide payments from polluters in advanced countries to support conservation and sustainable forest management in developing countries. The document summarizes key COP meetings that advanced REDD+ and established safeguards. It also provides examples of a REDD+ pilot project in Nepal that measured forest carbon, distributed payments to communities, and found social and environmental co-benefits of the program.
The document discusses a proposed merger between Cortona Resources Limited and Unity Mining Limited that would create a mid-tier gold mining company. The merger would combine Cortona's Dargues Reef Gold Project in New South Wales with Unity's Henty gold mine in Tasmania. The combined entity would have gold resources over 735,000 ounces and reserves over 350,000 ounces. The merger is expected to provide financial strength, increased production scale, and exposure to multiple gold projects and exploration opportunities in Australia and Africa.
Jason Cox, Dynegy, Inc. - Speaker at the marcus evans Generation Summit 2012, held in San Antonio, TX, delivered his presentation entitled Enigma, Paradox or Conundrum? The Asset Manager’s Challenge to Do More with Le$$
Apache Corporation had significant exploration and development successes in Australia in 2007. Key discoveries included the Julimar natural gas field in the Carnarvon Basin, which had estimated reserves of 650 billion cubic feet. Apache also advanced development of the Van Gogh and Pyrenees oil fields in the Exmouth Basin, which are expected to add substantial production volumes. Apache's portfolio in Australia provides opportunities for future growth through further appraisal and development as well as an inventory of exploration prospects.
Opportunity and Risk of REDD+, Green Economy, and Sustainable DevelopmenttheREDDdesk
The document discusses opportunity and risk of REDD+, green economy, and sustainable development. It outlines that properly managed, REDD+ and a green economy can provide new business opportunities in Indonesia, such as ecotourism and value-added forestry industries, while conserving the environment. However, challenges include the sustainability of international commitments, government policy changes, and private sector involvement. The document recommends mitigating risks by changing to an ownership culture, balancing economic growth and environmental protection, prioritizing education, and providing incentives for private sector participation.
The document discusses international and national institutional arrangements for REDD+. At the international level, the main institutions are the UNFCCC, the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), UN REDD, and the World Bank's Forest Investment Program. The FCPF has two mechanisms, the Readiness Fund and Carbon Fund. Nationally, countries are establishing REDD+ committees and designating lead agencies to develop strategies, reference scenarios, and monitoring systems. Effective national frameworks require legislation, policies, stakeholder engagement, and coordination across sectors that impact forests.
The document describes a new hotel concept called SLEEP@ FREE located at airports. It offers free accommodation to travelers with revenue generated from additional paid services and advertising space. In the first year, over 1500 users took advantage of the free accommodation, peaking on holiday dates. The majority of income came from advertising, with additional revenue from normal business activities and franchised services on site. The future plans to expand to new airports in 2009 through partnerships with low initial investment and profit from services, franchising, advertising commissions, and annual royalties.
Mexico has opportunities to pursue REDD+ conservation and low carbon development. It can build institutional capacity, improve existing programs like payments for ecosystem services, promote sustainable forest management, and improve monitoring of land use change using its national forest inventory. Mexico's GHG emissions include around 10% from land use and forestry, mainly from deforestation and degradation. The country is developing a national REDD+ strategy with implementation at different scales, from community projects to national programs. This will help transition Mexico's forest sector from a source of emissions to a carbon sink through activities like reforestation, sustainable forest management, and payments for environmental services.
The document discusses Brazil's use of pilot projects to test methods for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). It notes that pilots must be carefully nested within state, national, and global carbon accounting and regulatory frameworks. Successful pilots engage a variety of stakeholders and address key issues within Brazil like ranching, logging, land ownership and monitoring, reporting and verification of emissions reductions. Pilots are an important part of developing the tools and lessons needed to build large-scale REDD programs.
This document discusses approaches to establishing a baseline or reference emission level (REL) for measuring reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from forestry projects. It presents three common methods for projecting business-as-usual emissions: using historic data, modeled projections, or negotiated levels. Nested RELs set baselines at multiple scales from project to national. Key challenges include measuring forest carbon stocks and developing RELs simply yet credibly across scales in a transparent process.
This document discusses financing for the Berau Forest Carbon Program (BFCP) in Indonesia. BFCP aims to reduce deforestation and emissions while improving livelihoods. It requires $50 million in "core funding" by 2010 to achieve key outcomes through 2015. TNC will contribute $10 million and seek $2 million in private funds and $48 million in public funds. Public funding sources for REDD include commitments from several countries totaling $3.5 billion from 2010-2013. However, funding has not yet flowed to Indonesia at the level expected. Challenges include lack of GOI coordination, competing funds, scaling plans, and donor interests being spread thinly. Additional issues concern transparency, accountability, and
The document discusses mapping the solidarity economy in Philadelphia. It provides examples of solidarity economy organizations in Philadelphia, including conservation land trusts, community gardens, worker cooperatives, food cooperatives, artists' cooperatives, daycare/educational cooperatives, social enterprises, community supported agriculture, community currencies, self-help programs, fair trade/ethical purchasing, housing cooperatives, settlement houses, eco-villages, community financing, gender/minority financing, and community development corporations. It describes the process used to identify and map these organizations and some challenges encountered.
1) The document describes a modeling system called Amazon Scenarios that is used to simulate baseline deforestation rates and potential emissions reductions from REDD+ projects in the Brazilian Amazon.
2) The model takes into account factors like protected areas, indigenous lands, roads, soils and historical deforestation patterns to generate high and low estimates of business-as-usual deforestation under different policy scenarios.
3) Results from the Amazon Scenarios model have been used to estimate baseline deforestation and emissions reductions for several specific REDD+ projects in Brazil, including in the states of Amazonas, Rondonia, Acre, and Mato Grosso.
Role of Non wood forest produce (NWFP) in providing livelihoodsBhomik Shah
This presentation discusses the role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in the sustainability of REDD+ projects. It notes that REDD+ projects can increase livelihood opportunities by linking climate change mitigation to livelihood generation through activities like NWFP collection. The presentation examines the global status of REDD+ projects and how India can benefit from other countries' experiences. It argues that for REDD+ projects to succeed, they must build on community interests, and that allowing regeneration and NWFP collection is important for co-benefits to communities and the holistic sustainability of REDD+ projects.
This document discusses international perspectives on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). It notes that Indonesia is a world leader in implementing NAMA approaches for REDD+. It also discusses how several countries have submitted NAMA plans based on COP 15 guidelines and how Brazil has conducted a low-carbon emissions study. The document argues that the current forest definition under the UNFCCC is problematic and that REDD+ does not adequately address the drivers of deforestation. It advocates for a total accounting approach within variable landscapes called Reduced Emissions from All Land Use (REALU).
Presentation on REDD application for Pakistan Saadullah Ayazsaadayaz
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD/REDD+) has the potential to help Pakistan mitigate climate change. Forests represent a significant carbon stock and sink, but Pakistan is losing about 2,700 hectares of forest per year through deforestation. If this deforestation could be fully avoided and compensated through REDD+, it could generate $94.74 million to $315.8 million annually for Pakistan depending on the price of carbon credits. However, there are also risks involved and Pakistan would need to improve its capacity and address drivers of deforestation before implementing a REDD+ program.
Reduced emissions from all land uses - A broader perspective on REDD+: presen...SIANI
Seminar on Landscapes in a Carbon Focused World 26 October 2012
SIANI, Focali & Naturskyddsföreningen organized a one-day seminar in Gothenburg.
Summary: Vietnam has been targeted as one the REDD+ pilot program countries with great willingness to mitigate emission from carbon dioxide by avoiding deforestation. However, being a country with a diverse landscape and scattered deforestation and reforestation the REDD+ approach is not obvious. This study suggests a landscape approach to quantify emission from broadening the REDD+ scope to include other relevant landscapes. Land cover conversion and land use change in tropical forest margins affects both carbon stocks and profitability. Where the carbon stocks generally decrease during land use conversion and profitability (from the perspective of the actors) increases, the ratio of these changes is indicative of an opportunity cost of foregoing the change. The OPCOST model of Opportunity Costs Analysis used in this study combines information on land cover types (typical C stock densities and Net Present Value) with a land use change matrix for a certain period. This model has proven to be a very useful tool for providing a science-based carbon offset price estimation that is important for decision making for any conversion of forestland into non-forest land.
Matilda Palm's research included financial mechanisms related to climate and forest as well as landscape rehabilitation in developing countries with a special focus on degraded and marginal lands. Palm has a masters and PhD in physical geography, did a postdoc at World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) in Vietnam and is currently doing a postdoc at Physical Resource Theory at Chalmers.
Click to view the video of the presentation
This document discusses bamboo carbon forestry projects. It notes that bamboo projects can generate significant carbon credits, with examples in China generating 630,000 tons of CO2 over 30 years and a project in Nicaragua generating 800,000 tons over 20 years. However, average bamboo projects typically generate around 200 tons of CO2 per hectare. The document also discusses carbon methodologies and markets that bamboo carbon projects can engage in, and estimates Cameroon's bamboo potential could contribute almost 5% to its national emissions reductions target. It promotes realizing this potential through agroforestry and forestry projects.
Presention by Vincent Kasulu, UN-REDD Programme.
Scope of the global climate agreement, Forest Day 3.
Sunday, December 13th, 2009.
Copenhagen, Denmark.
The role of mangroves in the fight against climate changeCIFOR-ICRAF
Vietnam is one of the few tropical countries that has increased its forest cover over the past several years, so it plays a unique and important role in global discussions on the importance of forests in combating climate change, sustaining people’s livelihoods and safeguarding biodiversity. Vietnam is also one of five countries expected to be most affected by climate change, due to its long coastline and stretched natural resources.
CIFOR scientist Daniel Murdiyarso gave this presentation on the importance of mangroves for climate change mitigation and adaptation at a journalist training workshop on ‘Investing in coastal ecosystems’ held on 27–29 March 2012 in Da Nang City, Vietnam. Media plays a critical role in informing and influencing public perception, as well as informing policymakers. But aside from limited coverage, most environmental articles, and those on climate change and REDD in particular, are of low quality in Vietnam, most notably in objective reporting of scientific findings. To address these gaps and in response to requests, CIFOR organised a series of media trainings in Vietnam in association with Transparency International, IUCN, UN-REDD and the National Journalism Association.
The document discusses using the OSIRIS tool to compare different designs for reference emission levels and incentive systems for REDD+. It provides an overview of the Terrestrial Carbon Group, key policy considerations in designing REDD+ systems, and outputs from the OSIRIS tool. The OSIRIS tool allows flexible inputs to model and compare REDD+ approaches in terms of their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity.
This document provides an overview of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) in Ghana. It describes the rationale for REDD+ to reduce carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. It outlines Ghana's vision for REDD+ to reduce emissions by 40% over 10 years while enhancing forest carbon stocks and ecosystem services. Ghana's REDD+ readiness process involves 3 phases from 2008-2036 for preparation, early implementation, and performance-based payments. Key frameworks for implementation include Ghana's R-PP and participation in the FCPF and UN-REDD programs. Criticisms and the way forward are also discussed.
JICA's forestry activities in Africa focus on REDD+, resilience in the Sahel and Horn of Africa, regional cooperation, technology, and capacity building. Key areas include:
- REDD+ projects in 6 countries supporting strategies, MRV, and pilot projects.
- A new African Initiative to strengthen resilience to climate change in 15 Sahel and Horn countries.
- Supporting regional bodies COMIFAC and SADC to coordinate conservation, forests, and climate change.
- Promoting Japanese satellite monitoring and private sector partnerships for REDD+.
- Over 550 African trainees since 2009 in areas like remote sensing and sustainable forestry.
GHGs Inventory support initiatives under UN REDDtheREDDdesk
The UN-REDD Programme provides support for REDD+ initiatives under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. It is a partnership between FAO, UNDP, and UNEP that provides technical assistance to countries for REDD+ readiness. FAO plans to support greenhouse gas inventories in 6 countries initially to assess carbon stock changes and emission factors. The inventories will follow Annex I reporting requirements under the Convention. Significant technical expertise on GHG inventories also exists within UNDP and UNEP from their support of national communications. With additional funding, the UN-REDD Programme could expand its GHG inventory activities to 15-20 or more countries.
The document discusses REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and provides information about the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF). The FCPF is a global partnership that aims to pilot REDD readiness and carbon finance activities. It has two mechanisms - a Readiness Fund to help countries prepare national REDD strategies, and a Carbon Fund to pay countries for verified emission reductions. The FCPF has 37 participating countries and works closely with other REDD partners like the UN-REDD Programme to help operationalize REDD.
Forest sector solutions such as conservation, restoration, and improved management of forests can help countries cost-effectively deliver up to a third of GHG emission mitigation needed by 2030 to keep temperature increases below 2°C.
This webinar highlights cost-effective solutions in forest conservation, restoration and management that can be included in national climate plans for large-scale reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and removal of carbon from the atmosphere.
Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/04/webinar-enhancing-ndcs-opportunities-forest-and-land-use
The document discusses international and national institutional arrangements for REDD+. At the international level, the main institutions are the UNFCCC, the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF), UN REDD, and the World Bank's Forest Investment Program. The FCPF has two mechanisms, the Readiness Fund and Carbon Fund. Nationally, countries are establishing REDD+ committees and designating lead agencies to develop strategies, reference scenarios, and monitoring systems. Effective national frameworks require legislation, policies, stakeholder engagement, and coordination across sectors that impact forests.
The document describes a new hotel concept called SLEEP@ FREE located at airports. It offers free accommodation to travelers with revenue generated from additional paid services and advertising space. In the first year, over 1500 users took advantage of the free accommodation, peaking on holiday dates. The majority of income came from advertising, with additional revenue from normal business activities and franchised services on site. The future plans to expand to new airports in 2009 through partnerships with low initial investment and profit from services, franchising, advertising commissions, and annual royalties.
Mexico has opportunities to pursue REDD+ conservation and low carbon development. It can build institutional capacity, improve existing programs like payments for ecosystem services, promote sustainable forest management, and improve monitoring of land use change using its national forest inventory. Mexico's GHG emissions include around 10% from land use and forestry, mainly from deforestation and degradation. The country is developing a national REDD+ strategy with implementation at different scales, from community projects to national programs. This will help transition Mexico's forest sector from a source of emissions to a carbon sink through activities like reforestation, sustainable forest management, and payments for environmental services.
The document discusses Brazil's use of pilot projects to test methods for reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD). It notes that pilots must be carefully nested within state, national, and global carbon accounting and regulatory frameworks. Successful pilots engage a variety of stakeholders and address key issues within Brazil like ranching, logging, land ownership and monitoring, reporting and verification of emissions reductions. Pilots are an important part of developing the tools and lessons needed to build large-scale REDD programs.
This document discusses approaches to establishing a baseline or reference emission level (REL) for measuring reductions in greenhouse gas emissions from forestry projects. It presents three common methods for projecting business-as-usual emissions: using historic data, modeled projections, or negotiated levels. Nested RELs set baselines at multiple scales from project to national. Key challenges include measuring forest carbon stocks and developing RELs simply yet credibly across scales in a transparent process.
This document discusses financing for the Berau Forest Carbon Program (BFCP) in Indonesia. BFCP aims to reduce deforestation and emissions while improving livelihoods. It requires $50 million in "core funding" by 2010 to achieve key outcomes through 2015. TNC will contribute $10 million and seek $2 million in private funds and $48 million in public funds. Public funding sources for REDD include commitments from several countries totaling $3.5 billion from 2010-2013. However, funding has not yet flowed to Indonesia at the level expected. Challenges include lack of GOI coordination, competing funds, scaling plans, and donor interests being spread thinly. Additional issues concern transparency, accountability, and
The document discusses mapping the solidarity economy in Philadelphia. It provides examples of solidarity economy organizations in Philadelphia, including conservation land trusts, community gardens, worker cooperatives, food cooperatives, artists' cooperatives, daycare/educational cooperatives, social enterprises, community supported agriculture, community currencies, self-help programs, fair trade/ethical purchasing, housing cooperatives, settlement houses, eco-villages, community financing, gender/minority financing, and community development corporations. It describes the process used to identify and map these organizations and some challenges encountered.
1) The document describes a modeling system called Amazon Scenarios that is used to simulate baseline deforestation rates and potential emissions reductions from REDD+ projects in the Brazilian Amazon.
2) The model takes into account factors like protected areas, indigenous lands, roads, soils and historical deforestation patterns to generate high and low estimates of business-as-usual deforestation under different policy scenarios.
3) Results from the Amazon Scenarios model have been used to estimate baseline deforestation and emissions reductions for several specific REDD+ projects in Brazil, including in the states of Amazonas, Rondonia, Acre, and Mato Grosso.
Role of Non wood forest produce (NWFP) in providing livelihoodsBhomik Shah
This presentation discusses the role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in the sustainability of REDD+ projects. It notes that REDD+ projects can increase livelihood opportunities by linking climate change mitigation to livelihood generation through activities like NWFP collection. The presentation examines the global status of REDD+ projects and how India can benefit from other countries' experiences. It argues that for REDD+ projects to succeed, they must build on community interests, and that allowing regeneration and NWFP collection is important for co-benefits to communities and the holistic sustainability of REDD+ projects.
This document discusses international perspectives on Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) and Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+). It notes that Indonesia is a world leader in implementing NAMA approaches for REDD+. It also discusses how several countries have submitted NAMA plans based on COP 15 guidelines and how Brazil has conducted a low-carbon emissions study. The document argues that the current forest definition under the UNFCCC is problematic and that REDD+ does not adequately address the drivers of deforestation. It advocates for a total accounting approach within variable landscapes called Reduced Emissions from All Land Use (REALU).
Presentation on REDD application for Pakistan Saadullah Ayazsaadayaz
Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD/REDD+) has the potential to help Pakistan mitigate climate change. Forests represent a significant carbon stock and sink, but Pakistan is losing about 2,700 hectares of forest per year through deforestation. If this deforestation could be fully avoided and compensated through REDD+, it could generate $94.74 million to $315.8 million annually for Pakistan depending on the price of carbon credits. However, there are also risks involved and Pakistan would need to improve its capacity and address drivers of deforestation before implementing a REDD+ program.
Reduced emissions from all land uses - A broader perspective on REDD+: presen...SIANI
Seminar on Landscapes in a Carbon Focused World 26 October 2012
SIANI, Focali & Naturskyddsföreningen organized a one-day seminar in Gothenburg.
Summary: Vietnam has been targeted as one the REDD+ pilot program countries with great willingness to mitigate emission from carbon dioxide by avoiding deforestation. However, being a country with a diverse landscape and scattered deforestation and reforestation the REDD+ approach is not obvious. This study suggests a landscape approach to quantify emission from broadening the REDD+ scope to include other relevant landscapes. Land cover conversion and land use change in tropical forest margins affects both carbon stocks and profitability. Where the carbon stocks generally decrease during land use conversion and profitability (from the perspective of the actors) increases, the ratio of these changes is indicative of an opportunity cost of foregoing the change. The OPCOST model of Opportunity Costs Analysis used in this study combines information on land cover types (typical C stock densities and Net Present Value) with a land use change matrix for a certain period. This model has proven to be a very useful tool for providing a science-based carbon offset price estimation that is important for decision making for any conversion of forestland into non-forest land.
Matilda Palm's research included financial mechanisms related to climate and forest as well as landscape rehabilitation in developing countries with a special focus on degraded and marginal lands. Palm has a masters and PhD in physical geography, did a postdoc at World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF) in Vietnam and is currently doing a postdoc at Physical Resource Theory at Chalmers.
Click to view the video of the presentation
This document discusses bamboo carbon forestry projects. It notes that bamboo projects can generate significant carbon credits, with examples in China generating 630,000 tons of CO2 over 30 years and a project in Nicaragua generating 800,000 tons over 20 years. However, average bamboo projects typically generate around 200 tons of CO2 per hectare. The document also discusses carbon methodologies and markets that bamboo carbon projects can engage in, and estimates Cameroon's bamboo potential could contribute almost 5% to its national emissions reductions target. It promotes realizing this potential through agroforestry and forestry projects.
Presention by Vincent Kasulu, UN-REDD Programme.
Scope of the global climate agreement, Forest Day 3.
Sunday, December 13th, 2009.
Copenhagen, Denmark.
The role of mangroves in the fight against climate changeCIFOR-ICRAF
Vietnam is one of the few tropical countries that has increased its forest cover over the past several years, so it plays a unique and important role in global discussions on the importance of forests in combating climate change, sustaining people’s livelihoods and safeguarding biodiversity. Vietnam is also one of five countries expected to be most affected by climate change, due to its long coastline and stretched natural resources.
CIFOR scientist Daniel Murdiyarso gave this presentation on the importance of mangroves for climate change mitigation and adaptation at a journalist training workshop on ‘Investing in coastal ecosystems’ held on 27–29 March 2012 in Da Nang City, Vietnam. Media plays a critical role in informing and influencing public perception, as well as informing policymakers. But aside from limited coverage, most environmental articles, and those on climate change and REDD in particular, are of low quality in Vietnam, most notably in objective reporting of scientific findings. To address these gaps and in response to requests, CIFOR organised a series of media trainings in Vietnam in association with Transparency International, IUCN, UN-REDD and the National Journalism Association.
The document discusses using the OSIRIS tool to compare different designs for reference emission levels and incentive systems for REDD+. It provides an overview of the Terrestrial Carbon Group, key policy considerations in designing REDD+ systems, and outputs from the OSIRIS tool. The OSIRIS tool allows flexible inputs to model and compare REDD+ approaches in terms of their effectiveness, efficiency, and equity.
This document provides an overview of REDD+ (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) in Ghana. It describes the rationale for REDD+ to reduce carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. It outlines Ghana's vision for REDD+ to reduce emissions by 40% over 10 years while enhancing forest carbon stocks and ecosystem services. Ghana's REDD+ readiness process involves 3 phases from 2008-2036 for preparation, early implementation, and performance-based payments. Key frameworks for implementation include Ghana's R-PP and participation in the FCPF and UN-REDD programs. Criticisms and the way forward are also discussed.
JICA's forestry activities in Africa focus on REDD+, resilience in the Sahel and Horn of Africa, regional cooperation, technology, and capacity building. Key areas include:
- REDD+ projects in 6 countries supporting strategies, MRV, and pilot projects.
- A new African Initiative to strengthen resilience to climate change in 15 Sahel and Horn countries.
- Supporting regional bodies COMIFAC and SADC to coordinate conservation, forests, and climate change.
- Promoting Japanese satellite monitoring and private sector partnerships for REDD+.
- Over 550 African trainees since 2009 in areas like remote sensing and sustainable forestry.
GHGs Inventory support initiatives under UN REDDtheREDDdesk
The UN-REDD Programme provides support for REDD+ initiatives under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change. It is a partnership between FAO, UNDP, and UNEP that provides technical assistance to countries for REDD+ readiness. FAO plans to support greenhouse gas inventories in 6 countries initially to assess carbon stock changes and emission factors. The inventories will follow Annex I reporting requirements under the Convention. Significant technical expertise on GHG inventories also exists within UNDP and UNEP from their support of national communications. With additional funding, the UN-REDD Programme could expand its GHG inventory activities to 15-20 or more countries.
The document discusses REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation) and provides information about the Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF). The FCPF is a global partnership that aims to pilot REDD readiness and carbon finance activities. It has two mechanisms - a Readiness Fund to help countries prepare national REDD strategies, and a Carbon Fund to pay countries for verified emission reductions. The FCPF has 37 participating countries and works closely with other REDD partners like the UN-REDD Programme to help operationalize REDD.
Forest sector solutions such as conservation, restoration, and improved management of forests can help countries cost-effectively deliver up to a third of GHG emission mitigation needed by 2030 to keep temperature increases below 2°C.
This webinar highlights cost-effective solutions in forest conservation, restoration and management that can be included in national climate plans for large-scale reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and removal of carbon from the atmosphere.
Learn more: https://www.wri.org/events/2020/04/webinar-enhancing-ndcs-opportunities-forest-and-land-use
Presentation by Ken Andrasko, World Bank
Tim Clairs, UN-REDD
Ruben Lubowski, Environmental Defense Fund
Scope of the global climate agreement, Forest Day 3
Sunday, 13 December 2009
Copenhagen, Denmark
This document discusses setting up an interim international mechanism to support REDD+ activities between now and a long-term international REDD+ mechanism. It proposes establishing a REDD+ fund with three windows to support a phased approach. The first window would support readiness activities, the second would support implementation of REDD+ strategies through results-based finance, and the third window would support implementation through payments for verified emission reductions. It also discusses establishing national REDD+ governance structures based on principles like developing national trust funds and transitioning to direct access to funds over time. Overall, the document argues for coordinating and strengthening existing REDD+ initiatives through an interim international arrangement until a long-term mechanism is agreed.
Legal Frameworks for Sustainable Development: Legal Best Practices from the N...Bernhard J Smid
Presentation at the seminar "Legal Frameworks for Sustainable Development", held at FGV, during #Rioplus20. The seminar was held in partnership with the Centre for International Environmental Studies (CIES - The Graduate Institute, Genebra); Pace Law School (NY); the Brazilian American Institute for Law and the Environment (BAILE); the International Development Law Organization (IDLO); and the Center for International Sustainable Development Law (CISDL).
The document summarizes the current status of Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions (NAMAs) in Papua New Guinea (PNG). It discusses PNG's institutional framework for NAMAs, including the establishment of the Office of Climate Change and Development to coordinate climate actions. It outlines key developments in mitigation actions to date, focused on forestry and agriculture through REDD+ programs, as well as some clean development mechanism projects. It recognizes the need to develop a NAMA strategy and engage more stakeholders to advance climate mitigation across broader sectors of the economy.
Analyzing possible impacts of REDD+ initiatives on the ground: lessons from S...CIFOR-ICRAF
This presentation gives an overview of research around the pilot REDD+ program in São Félix do Xingu, Brazil. It describes conventional land and forest use strategies of small and large landholders in the project area, and addresses how these behaviours could be affected by the introduction of a proposed municipality-wide REDD+ pilot project.
Maria Fernanda Gebara gave this presentation on 18 June 2012 at a panel discussion organised by CIFOR and partners at the ISEE 2012 Conference at Rio, which convened under the topic "Ecological Economics and Rio+20: Challenges and Contributions for a Green Economy". The panel was titled ‘A comparison of intervention strategies and impacts of four incipient REDD+ initiatives in the Brazilian Amazon’. For more information, visit http://www.cifor.org/rio20/
1. Integrated rural development projects from the 1960s-1970s and integrated conservation and development projects from the 1980s onward provide lessons for REDD+ project design. Both suffered from trying to accomplish too much too fast and a lack of understanding of local socio-political contexts.
2. Landscape-scale projects since the mid-1990s in places like the Congo Basin aim to balance conservation and development goals across larger geographies. They emphasize long timeframes, capacity building, and addressing threats at multiple scales.
3. Conditional cash transfer programs demonstrate the potential for incentives to change behaviors like education enrollment, but designing effective programs requires defining clear target populations and conditions.
Indonesia has seen high rates of deforestation from 1990-2006, with predicted high emissions from land use change and peat fires up to 2020 if no action is taken. Indonesia's emission reduction plan through supported NAMAs (Nationally Appropriate Mitigation Actions) aims to reduce emissions by 26% below business as usual by 2020, with potential to reach 36% reduction through activities like land allocation, fire prevention, peatland rehabilitation, and sustainable forest management. The Ministry of Forestry of Indonesia has outlined priority policies from 2010-2014 to strengthen forest protection and management, as well as empower communities and undertake climate change mitigation and adaptation efforts, supported through international cooperation programs.
Brazil has several national policies and programs related to REDD+. The document outlines billions of dollars allocated to various organizations for projects related to protected areas, reducing deforestation, and forest recovery. It also discusses Brazil's voluntary commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions between 36.1-38.9% by 2020 across key sectors like reducing deforestation, restoring grazing lands, and improving energy efficiency. A draft bill proposes a national REDD+ system with safeguards and a national registry to establish reference levels for biomes, states, and municipalities. Changes to Brazil's Forest Code include forgiving illegal occupations until 2008 and allowing compensation of legal reserves across state lines.
The document outlines lessons learned for implementing large-scale REDD+ programs based on experiences in Indonesia. Three key points are: 1) Strong core teams are needed to manage complex REDD+ programs involving many partners. 2) Problems should be solved through joint problem-solving involving stakeholders. 3) Breakthrough knowledge management is required to integrate information and make good decisions.
This document discusses lessons learned from past integrated rural development programs, integrated conservation and development projects, landscape-level projects, and global health initiatives that can inform the design of REDD+ projects. Key lessons include: projects need to be carefully phased, start simply, and build local capacity gradually; conservation objectives often had tenuous links to development goals and were difficult to measure; and working at multiple scales, strengthening policies and capacity, and ensuring local participation are important for long-term success. Recurring themes across different program types are the need for adequate timeframes, funding, and capacity building at multiple levels.
The document discusses the legal and institutional structures needed to support REDD+ programs through three stages of development:
1) Readiness stage requires national REDD+ strategies and establishing monitoring, reporting and verification systems with support from multilateral funders.
2) Early implementation stage involves incentives for landholders and expanding protected areas using funding from multilateral and some private sources.
3) Payment for performance stage necessitates international rules for emissions trading, oversight, and standards as well as national laws governing participation in carbon markets and verification procedures. International and national regulatory bodies are also needed.
1) The document describes a modeling system used to simulate spatially explicit baselines of deforestation and forest degradation in the Brazilian Amazon to support REDD projects.
2) The model is calibrated using historical deforestation patterns and considers factors like protected areas, infrastructure, and soil quality. It generates baselines at different resolutions from 100m to 1km.
3) The model allows simulation of different policy scenarios like full enforcement of forest code or state-level zoning plans to estimate reduced emissions and carbon stocks compared to business-as-usual baselines.
1) Three alternative methods for predicting deforestation rates at the district level in East Kalimantan were compared: simple historical rate, historical rate adjusted based on reference regions determined by cluster analysis, and spatially explicit modeling of future rates.
2) The predicted deforestation amounts from 2006-2009 generated by each method were compared to actual deforestation over that period. The reference region method, which used the historical rate of similar reference regions, performed best with errors less than 20% of actual deforestation.
3) The presenter suggested using the reference region method for sub-national scale RELs, while using a combination of modeled projections and book-keeping of planned events for project scales.
This document summarizes the baseline deforestation rates projected for the Cordillera Azul REDD project area in Peru from 2008-2017. Historic deforestation trends were analyzed using satellite imagery from 1989-2003 to model baseline rates for districts surrounding the project area. Baseline projections estimated annual deforestation rates of 0.3-0.9% for the project area, which is higher than Peru's national average deforestation rate of 0.1%. The multi-stakeholder project aims to reduce deforestation through conservation and protection activities in the 1.4 million hectare Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul.
- Indigenous lands in the Amazon account for 27% of the total area of Amazonas state in Brazil, playing an important role in protecting the forest.
- Traditional peoples in the Amazon depend on the forest for their livelihoods and have historically conserved the Amazon forest through their stewardship of the land.
- Programs like Bolsa Floresta provide payments to local communities in exchange for conserving the forest through reduced deforestation, benefiting biodiversity, ecosystem services, and climate change mitigation. The program supports over 6,000 families across 14 conservation units.
This document discusses partnerships for REDD+ programs and benefit sharing arrangements. It finds that effective partnerships are characterized by common expectations, communication, fully bargained agreements, incentives, legal recognition, mutual respect, understanding of conflicts, practicality, self-determination, trust, and verifiable obligations. Context also matters - where communities rely heavily on forests, clear understanding is most important. Benefit sharing arrangements should be open, verifiable, and promote social and economic development through cash payments, assistance, or alternative benefits. Identifying legitimate beneficiaries and mechanisms to transfer benefits requires learning from other experiences and considering transaction costs and capacity.
The document summarizes a manual for conducting social impact assessments of land-based carbon projects. It outlines 7 stages of social impact assessment: 1) original conditions study and stakeholder identification, 2) social reference scenario, 3) project design and theory of change, 4) negative impacts and mitigation, 5) indicator selection, 6) monitoring plan, and 7) data analysis and reporting. It emphasizes using a theory of change approach to link project activities to outcomes and impacts. Participatory methods are recommended for cost-effective data collection. The manual was field tested in 2019 and will be published in early 2011.
This document discusses building a REDD strategy for Mato Grosso State in Brazil. It provides context on Mato Grosso's geography, economy, and deforestation rates. A process is outlined for developing the state's REDD strategy from 2007-2010, which includes establishing baselines and targets, technical frameworks, programs and projects. Key components of the planned REDD plan are described, such as scope, legal frameworks, and funding strategies. Main challenges are identified, including integrating with federal efforts, adopting technical guidance, and defining a funding strategy.
The document summarizes actions taken by the state government of Amazonas, Brazil to reduce deforestation and address climate change between 2003-2010. It notes that deforestation decreased 73.94% while GDP increased in Amazonas during this period. Key actions included establishing protected areas, implementing programs like Bolsa Floresta to support sustainable communities, and developing legal and policy frameworks around ecosystem services and REDD+.
This document discusses three main topics: policies, institutions and coordinating mechanisms; finances and financial management; and low carbon development strategies. It likely focuses on climate change mitigation and outlines the key factors that need to be addressed at a strategic policy level to support a transition to a low carbon economy and sustainable development.
The Berau Forest Carbon Program is a REDD+ demonstration project in Berau district, Indonesia that aims to reduce deforestation and forest degradation emissions by 20 million tons of CO2 per year. The program will test strategies like sustainable forest management, oil palm best practices, and community livelihood improvements over 5 years. It seeks $50 million in funding to manage 800,000 hectares of land and benefit 5,000 communities while documenting lessons for national REDD+ policies. Challenges include securing funding and enhancing local capacity under Indonesia's developing REDD+ framework.
The Global Environment Facility (GEF) unites 182 member governments and partners to address global environmental issues like biodiversity, climate change, land degradation, and forests. It is the largest financier of forests, investing $1.5 billion to supplement over $4.5 billion in co-financing for over 300 forest conservation and management projects. GEF provides grants to developing countries for sustainable forest management and REDD+ projects that generate multiple environmental benefits. It works through 10 implementing agencies and focuses on reducing deforestation pressures while strengthening policies to reduce emissions and increase carbon sinks from land use.
The document discusses WWF's Forest Carbon Initiative (FCI) and its strategy for engaging with REDD+ between 2010-2013. The strategy focuses on 5 components: 1) influencing global REDD+ policy, 2) supporting national REDD+ readiness, 3) implementing early action REDD+ projects, 4) mobilizing REDD+ financing, and 5) developing MRV systems. The goal is to help ensure REDD+ effectively reduces emissions and benefits biodiversity, livelihoods and indigenous peoples' rights.
1. Forest Carbon Partnership Facility
Pathways to Success on REDD+:
Countries Learning from Each Other
Ken Andrasko
World Bank/Environment Dept./FCPF program
At TNC REDD eX conference, Cancun, Mexico July 13-16, 2010
www.forestcarbonpartnership.org
2. REDD + is ... a policy rocket with broad support:
Now what??
The Good News:
• REDD+ is likely to happen.
• Serious discussion of up‐scaling
and funding.
• We are slowly invenJng how to
do REDD+, at project and
naJonal scales.
The Other News:
• But we need to harvest lessons
faster, & apply them at larger
scales.
• We need to share experience &
rapidly develop a vision of what
naJonal REDD+ looks like.
Achieving REDD+ is a learning-by-doing endeavor for countries
4. Three major levers of forest based mi2ga2on,
each with different characteris2cs
Project Catalyst slide, Copenhagen 2009
Reduced
Forest-based abatement deforestation and
potential forest degradation
Gt CO2e / yr 8 (REDD)
LARGEST
6
Enhancement of
Forest Carbon
Stocks & A/R
3 MEDIUM
2
1 Conservation &
2015 2020 2030 Sustainable
Management of
Forests
SMALLEST
Source: McKinsey Global GHG Abatement Cost Curve v2.0; Project Catalyst analysis 4
5. Only 30 countries cover 90 percent of deforestaJon and 80
percent of carbon stock. (ForestaJon is more concentrated)
Project Catalyst slide, Copenhagen, 2009
Emissions from deforestation
Gt CO2e
0.5 0 0
0.1
90%
Brazil Indonesia Other top 20 Remaining 9 Next (54) China and Rest of S. Total
deforestation with >1% of high/medium India hemisphere
countries total ABG deforestation developing
carbon stock countries countries
3V
80%
12 4 4
ABG Carbon stock
FRA 2005, % of total
Source: Houghton; FAO FRA 2005; Hooijer, A. et al., PEAT-CO2, Delft Hydraulics report Q3943
(2006); Project Catalyst analysis 5
6. Challenge: How to rapidly build REDD+
capacity in countries ..
. . . while integraJng REDD+ into
naJonal development plans, and
altering land use incenJves and
behavior
… for lasJng transformaJon to low‐
carbon development paths ?
6
8. Countries Start From DisJnct SituaJons:
Land Use Trends, DeforestaJon Drivers, Governance
Relative
Forest
Disclaimer: maps are for illustrative
cover
Suriname: purposes only. World Bank has no
2000 – 3000 ha views on national boundaries
DR: 0%)
Indonesia:
1,800,000 ha
DR: 1.5 – 2%)
Panama: 48,000 ha
DR: 0.8 – 1.1%) Ghana: 120,000 ha
DR: 1.6 – 2.0 %)
Guyana:
Absolute deforestation:
20 – 30,000 ha,
Deforestation
rate (DR: 0.1 – 0.3%)
Time
The countries on the transitional curve…
8
Courtesy of Juergen Blaser, of FCPF Technical Advisory panel
9. REDD Readiness AcJviJes (per FCPF )
Contents of Readiness PreparaJon Proposal (R‐PP):
Component 1: Organize and Consult
1a. Na2onal Readiness Management Arrangements
1b. Stakeholder Consulta2on and Par2cipa2on
Component 2: Prepare the REDD plus Strategy
2a. Assessment of Land Use, Forest Policy and Governance
2b. REDD Strategy Op2ons
2c. REDD Implementa2on Framework
2d. Social and Environmental Impacts
Component 3: Develop a Reference Scenario
Component 4: Design a Monitoring System
4a. Emissions and Removals
4b. Other Benefits and Impacts
Component 5: Schedule and Budget
Component 6: Monitoring & EvaluaJon of program
9
10. REDD+ requires strongly interrelated program components.
Inadequate design of one leads to unsustainable
or unmarketable REDD
Stakeholder Consulta2ons
MRV System
Assessment of REDD+
Design:
DeforestaJon Strategy
Drivers +
Governance and Programs Measure and
report on change
Establish reference scenario over Jme
10
High quality MRV may be required for participation in global REDD markets
& avoidance of REDD tonne price discounting.
11. REDD Readiness AcJviJes (per FCPF )
• Contents of Readiness Prepara2on Proposal (R‐PP):
Component 1: Organize and Consult
1a. Na2onal Readiness Management Arrangements
1b. Stakeholder Consulta2on and Par2cipa2on
Component 2: Prepare the REDD plus Strategy
2a. Assessment of Land Use, Forest Policy and Governance
2b. REDD Strategy Op2ons
2c. REDD Implementa2on Framework
2d. Social and Environmental Impacts
Component 3: Develop a Reference Scenario
Component 4: Design a Monitoring System
4a. Emissions and Removals
4b. Other Benefits and Impacts
Component 5: Schedule and Budget
Component 6: Monitoring & EvaluaJon of program
12. Inclusive consultaJons on REDD+
are criJcal early need to forge a common vision on REDD+
INSIGHT: Transparent early consultations
with major stakeholders offers promise of
REDD+ becoming more inclusive than
previous land use dialogues.
• Consultations will require new openness from
governments and stakeholders… and need to
broaden over time.
Examples:
• Panama included IP leaders in formulaJon of R‐PP, and in naJonal
delegaJon to COP14 Poznan, 2008
• Ghana, Nepal, DRC offer detailed mulJ‐stakeholder consultaJon plans. 14 12
13. ParJcipaJon in REDD Design Can Challenge TradiJonal
RelaJonships Between Governments & Stakeholders
• Issue of REDD system design can inherit pre‐exisJng failures, unresolved
governance, land tenure uncertainty.
• Or, be fresh start.
15. Consultations in Preparation and Refinement of
DRC’s R-PP: Seeking a Consensual Plan
Since April 2009, Since January 2010, >100
National REDD R-PP validation
people refined R-PP via workshop
Coordination consulted 4 consultation had 80 participants
> 700 people. workshops.
16. REDD Readiness AcJviJes (per FCPF )
• Contents of Readiness Prepara2on Proposal (R‐PP):
Component 1: Organize and Consult
1a. Na2onal Readiness Management Arrangements
1b. Stakeholder Consulta2on and Par2cipa2on
Component 2: Prepare the REDD plus Strategy
2a. Assessment of Land Use, Forest Policy and Governance
2b. REDD Strategy Op2ons
2c. REDD Implementa2on Framework
2d. Social and Environmental Impacts
Component 3: Develop a Reference Scenario
Component 4: Design a Monitoring System
4a. Emissions and Removals
4b. Other Benefits and Impacts
Component 5: Schedule and Budget
16
17. Linking SubnaJonal Pilot Projects to NaJonal REDD:
e.g., Indonesia (e.g., Berau), DRC, Brazil, Mexico
National Baseline,
ISSUES TO RESOLVE:
Accounting &
monitoring
• Harmonizing reference
scenarios & MRV between:
• NaJonal scale,
Inter-regional
• SubnaJonal regions, strategy and
• REDD projects. policies
• Use registry of acJviJes?
• Who owns emissions
REGION 1: REGION 3:
reducJons? baseline & REGION 2: baseline &
policies baseline & policies
• How revenues would be policies
shared?
• How acJviJes are regulated? Adapted from: Andrea Cattaneo, Woods Hole Research Center
18. REDD+ requires unprecedented naJonal
planning across sectors.
Requires integrated vision of how REDD+ fits into
emerging national, low-carbon development strategy.
• Mainstreaming REDD+ may require putting REDD at
the center of national development policy
• . . . elevated to highest levels of government.
Examples:
• DRC Congo’s REDD unit using its R‐PP to coordinate across ministries,
donors, and FCPF and UN‐REDD programs.
• Guyana developing Low Carbon Development Strategy led by its President.
18
19. CoordinaJng NaJonal REDD AcJviJes: DemocraJc
Republic of Congo example
Harmonized Components
REDD Activities and Funding of Readiness
Coordinated via Single Country (UN-REDD / FFCPF)
Readiness Preparation In Country’s FCPF R-PP:
Proposal: (R-PP)
Management of Readiness
UN‐REDD
REDD Strategy OpJons
DRC’s
naJonal REDD ImplementaJon
process Framework
and
FCPF Reference Scenario
workplan
Other NaJonal Monitoring System
Donors
20. What REDD Strategy Makes Sense for Each Region &
Its DeforestaJon Drivers & Governance Status ??
Himalaya Mountains: NEPAL
Exploitation for fuelwood
Siliwak and Middle Hills:
Community forestry innovation
Terai Lowland Forest:
Larger-scale agriculture;
immigration; recent conflict
Total Area: 147,181 Sq. Km. Population: 24 M
21. Linking REDD to Low Carbon Development
Strategy: Finding Feasible Options (DRC example)
From: “Democratic Republic of Congo’s REDD+ Potential,” December 2009
High
AfforestaJon
Fuelwood for
Fossil Fuel
Intensified
Subsistence Agriculture
Agriculture
Scale of GHG
Commercial
Agriculture
Mitigation
(extensive)
other
Irrigated other
Agriculture
Low Feasibility of REDD Option High
23. REDD Readiness AcJviJes (per FCPF )
• Contents of Readiness Prepara2on Proposal (R‐PP):
Component 1: Organize and Consult
1a. Na2onal Readiness Management Arrangements
1b. Stakeholder Consulta2on and Par2cipa2on
Component 2: Prepare the REDD plus Strategy
2a. Assessment of Land Use, Forest Policy and Governance
2b. REDD Strategy Op2ons
2c. REDD Implementa2on Framework
2d. Social and Environmental Impacts
Component 3: Develop a Reference Scenario
Component 4: Design a Monitoring System
4a. Emissions and Removals
4b. Other Benefits and Impacts
Component 5: Schedule and Budget
23
25. Reference Case: Global Requirements & Guidance Likely Different
from NaJonal & Project Needs. HarmonizaJon is Challenging.
Global
Global Objective
Target Reference Reference
Case?: Case ??
‐ Via nego2a2ons? (independent,
‐ ‐ via analy2c via remote
Regional method? sensing?)
Reference
Case: 4‐5
countries Issues:
National
- National scale probably key
Implementation
for REDD and FCPF
Reference Case ??:
Subna;onal - To implement - Policy discussion focusing
Reference global case on global scale to date
Case
Subna;onal
- How resolve relation
Reference Case between
global, national & project??
27. Subnational Reference Case, Driven by Development Plans:
Brazilian Amazon Baseline GHG emissions 2007-2050
Amazon Basin Business as Usual
Deforestation
Scenario = 2.6 million km2 deforested by 2050
Soares-Filho et al. 2006
Issues:
≅ 47 billions of - How find
tons of Carbon project in
≅ 172.3 billions of national refer.
tons of CO e
2
case?
225 tC/ha - Use project or
large-scale
Carbon Stock resolution &
Saatchi et al., 2007 data?
0 tC/ha
28. SimAmazonia Model Results: Opportunity Cost of Land for Soy, Logging, Cattle
(Soares-Filho et al. 2006)
> US$ 13 per ton
US$ 8-13 per ton
US$ 3-8 per ton
US$ 3-0 per ton deforested
Paved road
US$ 0 per ton Cerrado biome Unpaved road
Custo de oportunidade
29. Expanding SimAmazonia Model to All of Brazil:
Low Carbon Country Case Study, World Bank et al.
Source: Britaldo Soares Filho
772 units
772
Amazônia
Caatinga
Cerrado
Pantanal
Scenarios of
carbon Mata Atlântica
emissions from
expanding crops Pampa
for biofuels
1x1 km = 4500x4500 = 20 M cells
31. CCI Guyana Proposal: Transparent, NaJonally Sustainable,
And InternaJonally Acceptable MRV System
ReporJng:
NaJonal Measurement System for
Forest Carbon NaJonal
Economic Development
Data Strategy
Models Outputs
CollecJon Policy
ReporJng
Satellite Data Algorithms Emissions ReporJng NaJonal
Accounts
Ground Data Data Fusion Removals To meet internaJonal
obligaJons under UNFCCC
Climate Data Raster Mapping (Emissions EsJmates
Environment and and ProjecJons) &
Forest ClassificaJon Visuals to enter Carbon Markets
SpaJal Analysis
Land
Management
InformaJon
Management
PracJces
32. Budget: EsJmated Cost of REDD+, Early
EsJmates (Sathaye, Andrasko et al., in press)
Components of RED FCPF 2010 FCPF 2008 Eliasch
Readiness Estimates in 9 Estimate Estimate: High
National R-PPs (Average, in (in ‘000)
(‘000) ‘000)
REDD management and $3,530 $525 + 365 $2,000
consultations
Develop REDD strategy $1,920 $450 $1,000
Environmental and social $1,440 $50 -
impacts assessment of REDD
strategy
REDD implementation $1,200 $341 $1,500
framework
Develop reference scenario $2,020 $ 516 $4,000
Design REDD MRV system $6,960 $1,008 -
TOTAL (without annual MRV $17,260 $3,250 $8,500
costs)
Source: TNC, 2010 (average of 9 submitted country Readiness Preparation Proposals, on www.forestcarbonpartners.org);
FCPF, 2008; Eliasch, 2008 as summarized in FCPF, 2008.
33. REDD TargeJng & Modeling Task: Overlaying
Dynamic Land Use, Benefits, & Governance Issues
• REDD Opportunities Vary by Deforestation Threat
Opportunity Cost (OC) of Land, & C Density Class,
Carbon Density, and Threat of for East Kalimantan
Deforestation (Gibbs and Brown,
2007)
• Can we identify high priority
interventions, with low barriers
to implementation?
• What are priority governance
concerns with these targeted
lands and REDD strategies?
• What are the capacity building
and investment needs?
• What are the potential risks,
environmental and social, and
economic?
Gibbs, H. and S. Brown. 2007. Geographical Distribution
of Biomass Carbon in Tropical Southeast Asian Forests:
A Database. ORNL/CDIAC.
34. How Can FCPF and REDD+ Contribute to Low Carbon
Development Strategies?
• Provide best pracJces for stakeholder consultaJon and
parJcipaJon
• Encourage cross‐sectoral naJonal REDD management structure.
• Share early methods for reference scenario sekng for forest cover
change over Jme: historic and future forecasJng
• Share design for MRV (measurement, reporJng and verificaJon) of
REDD+ within LCDS context;
– Help encourage high‐quality, internaJonally consistent MRV
– Help countries produce compliance‐grade REDD+ carbon assets.
• Nest REDD+ within a broader vision of naJonal development,
reached via consensus process – instead of carbon cowboy deals.
• Provide global plamorm for experimentaJon, pilot methods
development, and carbon finance pilots – leading to confidence in
REDD+ over Jme.
35. Bonom‐line: Major new REDD+ ideas and pilots are
emerging from the countries – not top‐down.
FCPF provides a useful plamorm for sharing
knowledge and experience
FCPF example:
• Brazil is sharing Amazon Fund experience with
FCPF countries, inc. Indonesia & DRC.
• Vietnam + Mekong Basin countries, and Congo
Basin countries, exploring regional cooperaJon on
reference scenarios + MRV.
• Indonesia issued naJonal regulaJons managing
REDD process, followed by DRC and others.
35