5. A tile is a manufactured piece of
hard-wearing material such
as ceramic, stone, or even glass.
Tiles are generally used for
covering roofs, floors, walls, showers,
or other objects such as tabletops.
Introduction
6. Historically, man has desired to create living
spaces which were beautiful, durable, and user
friendly. with that in mind, ceramic tile has been
made by man for 4000 years.
Beautiful tiled surfaces have been found in the
oldest pyramids, the ruins of Babylon, and ancient
ruins of Greek cities.
Decorative tile work was invented in the near east,
where it has enjoyed a longer popularity and
assumed a greater variety of design than anywhere
in the world.
During the Islamic period, all methods
of tile decoration were brought to perfection in
Persia.
Introduction
7. Glazed bricks relief tile wall,
the Ishtar gate at Babylon,
Painted and glazed
around 575 B.C. ,Iraq.
tile of around 880
B.C, Nimrud.
glazed bricks relief tile
wall,
from the palace of
Persepolis around 518
B.C. Iran
Relief tile of the
early 13th century,
Afghanistan
8. In Europe decorated tiles did not come into general
use outside Moorish Spain until the second half of
the 12th century.
The tile mosaics of Spain and Portugal,
the maiolica floor tiles of renaissance Italy,
the faiences of Antwerp, the development of tile
iconography in England and in the Netherlands,
and the ceramic tiles of Germany are all prominent
landmarks in the history of ceramic tile.
9. Encaustic tile Maiolica tile
Tile setting of the Maiolica tile
of the 13th of the 16th
18th century, setting of the
century, century,
the Netherlands 18th century,
England Italy Italy
11. The raw materials used to create tiles are all found in
the ground.
These raw materials, like clay is quarried and refined.
They are then mixed.
A dry mixture of clay, Magnesium silicate and other
ingredients are pressed into a mould, and then fired
at an extremely high temperature.
The ingredients used in this process are slightly wet.
They are forced through a nozzle, which forms the
tile’s shape.
Other methods of creating tiles are slush mould and
beehive kilns.
12. There are many types of tiles used for residential
and commercial applications.
1. Roof tiles
2. Floor tiles
3. Pebble tiles
4. Ceiling tiles
5. Wall tiles
14. Roof tiles are designed mainly to keep
out rain, and are traditionally made
from locally available materials such
as clay or slate.
Flat tiles - the simplest type, which
are laid in regular overlapping
Roofing tiles
16. These are commonly made of ceramic or
stone.
Recent technological advances have
resulted in rubber or glass tiles for floors as
well.
17. Pebble Tiles is a composite
material made up of marble pebbles
or pieces of natural stone in different
sizes, bound together with a
transparent white or colored resin.
18. Ceiling tiles are type of tiles used for covering
ceilings of rooms.
Suspended ceilings
Acoustic Ceilings
Decorative Ceiling Tile
19. The concept behind using wall tiles is
decorating the interior of a home without
adding much stuff to the home.
20.
21. Uses:
Here are some places around the
home that can benefit from tile
applications.
COUNTER
BATHROOM
BACKSPLASH
FLOORING
WALL ACCENTS
EXTERIOR
22. COUNTER
Ceramic tile is among the most common
materials for kitchen countertops.
Because it's hard and water-resistant, it holds
up extremely well to the moist and often
humid environment of the kitchen.
23. BATHROOM:
Mostly used on floor
They are also commonly used in walls.
24. BACKSPLASH :
Almost all backsplashes are made of tile because
of its natural water resistance.
Some people prefer stone or marble, but these
are expensive materials.
25. FLOORING :
Tile is one of the cheapest flooring options,
especially compared to popular materials
such as hardwood and marble.
Most tiles can withstand heavy use in living
rooms and the heat and moisture of
bathrooms.
26. WALL ACCENTS:
Small decorative tiles make great accents for
walls, counters, and flooring.
They usually come in stronger, deeper
colours and feature interesting patterns,
often to complement the colour of bigger
tiles.
27. EXTERIOR:
Some tiles can actually be used on the
exterior walls of your home.
These are usually decorative ones made to
look like natural materials, such as wood and
stone.
They make great alternatives to exterior
painting, since they don't fade and can
withstand most outdoor elements.
29. Enamels consist of high grade bases like zinc
oxide or lead oxide ground in oil or varnish.
Enamel paint is the type of paint usually used
in painting wherein you are aiming for a
shiny, opaque and hard finish.
They dry slowly leaving a hard tough and
elastic film which is smooth and durable.
It painted surfaces are washable and are not
affected by acids, alkalies, gases or steam.
They are more costly than ordinary paints yet,
because of there durability
30. A general formulation will include Resin,
Solvent, Pigment.
31. There are many uses of enamel paint, such as
in:
High Humidity Areas
Furniture
Outdoor Structures
Vehicles
Models
Woodwork
Concrete Flooring
32. In high humidity areas things are also painted
with enamel paint.
33. Enamel can be used to paint furniture a solid
color. Because enamel paint dries to a hard
surface, such as tables and chairs.
34. Enamel's tough, waterproof character makes
it suitable for use on a variety of outdoor
structures that have to withstand sun
exposure, wind and rain.
35. Enamel paint is also used for vehicles, such
as bikes, motorcycles and cars.
Cars and motorcycles use specialized, oil-
based enamel paint for their surface. People
who paint their own bicycles also use enamel
paint for its ease of application and ability to
protect the metal from corrosion.
36. Enamel paint is used for plastic and metal
models because it gives them the smooth,
shiny finish.
37. Enamel paint is often used to paint
woodwork. Wood can rot if exposed to
moisture for a long period without protection.
Enamel paint is waterproof, durable.
38. Enamel paint is used for indoor concrete
flooring. Enamel specially designed for
concrete can withstand the wear that a floor
would be exposed to as well as protect the
concrete from moisture that can lead to
cracking.
