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THE CIVIL WAR:
THREE KEY BATTLES IN 1863
Peter Bourque Jonathan Macnally| Professor Haas | HIST 415 Civil War
• April 30 to May 6, 1863
• General Lee fought an
army twice the size of
his own
• May 2: Jackson attacked
Hookers line and nearly
destroyed them
• Lee attacked hooker and
pushed them across the
Rappahannock to gain
strategic initiative.
BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
• Lee gained confidence
by beating an army
twice its size
• Jackson was killed
which was a large
blow to the
Confederate army
• Lee gained strategic
initiative that would
bring him North to
Gettysburg
BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
• Stonewall Jackson was
actually wounded by his own
men, had his arm amputated
from the injuries and soon
after died of pneumonia
• Before Gettysburg, The Battle
of Chancellorsville was the
most deadly with casualties
totaling over 30,000
• Jacksons death proved to be
a great cost to the
Confederates as he was
known to be an excellent
General being one on their
brightest stars beside Lee.
BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
• Lincolns relief of Command of
General Hooker can be related to a
number of Generals who have
been fired in US History
• General of the Army during the
Korean War, Douglas MacArthur
was relived of duty for ignoring
intelligence indicating massive
Chinese involvement
• Admiral Husband Kimmel and
Walter Short were also relieved
after the attack on Pearl Harbor,
both were found to have put in
poor effort when preparing for war
after being warned on multiple
occasion of potential threats
BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
• Battle lasted 3 days from July 1st –
July 3rd fought in/around
Gettysburg, Pennsylvania
• This was General Lee’s second
attempt of Invading the North after
his Victory in Chancellorsville
• Lincoln ordered Major General
Joseph Hooker (Later replaced by
Meade) to pursue Lee’s army who
was highly concentrated in
Gettysburg.
• The fighting eventually ended in a
Confederate defeat resulting in Lee
and his army retreating to Virginia
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
• The Confederacy had been negatively
effected both militarily and politically.
• After Lee’s retreat, Confederate Vice
President Alexander Stephens was sent to
negotiate peace terms, but after hearing
the result at Gettysburg, Lincoln denied his
wish to pass through Union Lines.
• This news reached London which
effectively ended any potential European
involvement
• Lincolns Gettysburg Address was an
inspirational speech which restated his
philosophies on basic human equality and
announced the war as a “new birth of
freedom” both of which were advocated in
the Declaration of Independence
• Involved the highest number of
casualties of any other battle during
the war totaling about 50,000
• It proved to the north that Lee really
wasn’t invincible
• Even though Lee was defeated, his
army was still intact and strong
• This battle is often referred to as the
“turning point” of the war because it
was the last attempt of a full scale
invasion of the North.
• Following a number of Union losses, if
Meade’s Army were to be destroyed
at Gettysburg, possible peace
negotiations may have taken place,
effectively dividing the nation
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
• Lincolns Gettysburg Address
relates to many other
Presidential speeches on
freedom.
• President Roosevelt’s Four
Freedoms speech in which he
stated the “United States was
fighting for universal freedoms
that all people possessed”
• Recent Presidential speeches
about democracy to citizens of
other countries by presidents
Obama and Reagan can also
relate to Lincolns Gettysburg
Address as they intend to
preserve and promote
Democracy
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
• March and April 1863: Grant tries
to take Vicksburg from the North
• April 16, 1863: Grant sends
riverboats to run guns on Vicksburg.
He also secures a river crossing and
marches up the East side of the
Mississippi rover.
• May 1863: Grant attacked Vicksburg
• May-July 1863: The Union Army
surrounded Vicksburg and cut them
off from the rest of the world.
Soldiers and residents moved into
caves to get away from the attacks.
• July 4, 1863: Vicksburg surrendered
to the Union army.
BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
• During the Vicksburg Campaign:
• Grant won the battle at Fort Gibson
• Grant ran Johnsons troops out of
Jackson
• The Union army took back control
of the Mississippi River
• Union Army won the battle of
Vicksburg and took control of the
city
• With control of the Mississippi, the
Union army had the Confederate
troops at the brink of destuction.
BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
• Union was able to gain
control of the Mississippi
• The townspeople and
soldiers dug caves and
moved into them
• The Confederate army was
cut off and nearly starved
to death
BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
• Battle of Khe Sahn
• Northern Vietnam troops
tried to take over Khe
Sahn to have a stronghold
over the South
• The US troops built up the
airstrip and troops
• If the North had taken over
Khe Sahn they would have
been in a good position to
take over the South
• US Troops fought off the
Northen troops to protect
South Vietnam.
WORKS CITED
"Battle of Chancellorsville." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 12 July 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-chancellorsville>.
"Battle of Khe Sanh." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 12 July 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/battle-of-khe-sanh>.
Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations, Web. 12 July 2015.
<http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/gettysburg.html?tab=facts>.
"Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum." Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential
Library and Museum. Web. 11 July 2015.
<http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/fourfreedoms>.
McPherson, James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford UP, 1988.
Print.
"Obama and Reagan's Speeches about Freedom." Cato Institute., 18 Nov. 2009. Web. 11 July 2015.
<http://www.cato.org/blog/obama-reagans-speeches-about-freedom>.
"Vicksburg Campaign." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 12 July 2015.
<http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/vicksburg-campaign>.

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Three key battles in 1863

  • 1. THE CIVIL WAR: THREE KEY BATTLES IN 1863 Peter Bourque Jonathan Macnally| Professor Haas | HIST 415 Civil War
  • 2. • April 30 to May 6, 1863 • General Lee fought an army twice the size of his own • May 2: Jackson attacked Hookers line and nearly destroyed them • Lee attacked hooker and pushed them across the Rappahannock to gain strategic initiative. BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
  • 3. • Lee gained confidence by beating an army twice its size • Jackson was killed which was a large blow to the Confederate army • Lee gained strategic initiative that would bring him North to Gettysburg BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
  • 4. • Stonewall Jackson was actually wounded by his own men, had his arm amputated from the injuries and soon after died of pneumonia • Before Gettysburg, The Battle of Chancellorsville was the most deadly with casualties totaling over 30,000 • Jacksons death proved to be a great cost to the Confederates as he was known to be an excellent General being one on their brightest stars beside Lee. BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
  • 5. • Lincolns relief of Command of General Hooker can be related to a number of Generals who have been fired in US History • General of the Army during the Korean War, Douglas MacArthur was relived of duty for ignoring intelligence indicating massive Chinese involvement • Admiral Husband Kimmel and Walter Short were also relieved after the attack on Pearl Harbor, both were found to have put in poor effort when preparing for war after being warned on multiple occasion of potential threats BATTLE OF CHANCELLORSVILLE
  • 6. • Battle lasted 3 days from July 1st – July 3rd fought in/around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania • This was General Lee’s second attempt of Invading the North after his Victory in Chancellorsville • Lincoln ordered Major General Joseph Hooker (Later replaced by Meade) to pursue Lee’s army who was highly concentrated in Gettysburg. • The fighting eventually ended in a Confederate defeat resulting in Lee and his army retreating to Virginia BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
  • 7. BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG • The Confederacy had been negatively effected both militarily and politically. • After Lee’s retreat, Confederate Vice President Alexander Stephens was sent to negotiate peace terms, but after hearing the result at Gettysburg, Lincoln denied his wish to pass through Union Lines. • This news reached London which effectively ended any potential European involvement • Lincolns Gettysburg Address was an inspirational speech which restated his philosophies on basic human equality and announced the war as a “new birth of freedom” both of which were advocated in the Declaration of Independence
  • 8. • Involved the highest number of casualties of any other battle during the war totaling about 50,000 • It proved to the north that Lee really wasn’t invincible • Even though Lee was defeated, his army was still intact and strong • This battle is often referred to as the “turning point” of the war because it was the last attempt of a full scale invasion of the North. • Following a number of Union losses, if Meade’s Army were to be destroyed at Gettysburg, possible peace negotiations may have taken place, effectively dividing the nation BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
  • 9. • Lincolns Gettysburg Address relates to many other Presidential speeches on freedom. • President Roosevelt’s Four Freedoms speech in which he stated the “United States was fighting for universal freedoms that all people possessed” • Recent Presidential speeches about democracy to citizens of other countries by presidents Obama and Reagan can also relate to Lincolns Gettysburg Address as they intend to preserve and promote Democracy BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG
  • 10. • March and April 1863: Grant tries to take Vicksburg from the North • April 16, 1863: Grant sends riverboats to run guns on Vicksburg. He also secures a river crossing and marches up the East side of the Mississippi rover. • May 1863: Grant attacked Vicksburg • May-July 1863: The Union Army surrounded Vicksburg and cut them off from the rest of the world. Soldiers and residents moved into caves to get away from the attacks. • July 4, 1863: Vicksburg surrendered to the Union army. BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
  • 11. • During the Vicksburg Campaign: • Grant won the battle at Fort Gibson • Grant ran Johnsons troops out of Jackson • The Union army took back control of the Mississippi River • Union Army won the battle of Vicksburg and took control of the city • With control of the Mississippi, the Union army had the Confederate troops at the brink of destuction. BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
  • 12. • Union was able to gain control of the Mississippi • The townspeople and soldiers dug caves and moved into them • The Confederate army was cut off and nearly starved to death BATTLE OF VICKSBURG
  • 13. BATTLE OF VICKSBURG • Battle of Khe Sahn • Northern Vietnam troops tried to take over Khe Sahn to have a stronghold over the South • The US troops built up the airstrip and troops • If the North had taken over Khe Sahn they would have been in a good position to take over the South • US Troops fought off the Northen troops to protect South Vietnam.
  • 14. WORKS CITED "Battle of Chancellorsville." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 12 July 2015. <http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/battle-of-chancellorsville>. "Battle of Khe Sanh." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 12 July 2015. <http://www.history.com/topics/vietnam-war/battle-of-khe-sanh>. Council on Foreign Relations. Council on Foreign Relations, Web. 12 July 2015. <http://www.civilwar.org/battlefields/gettysburg.html?tab=facts>. "Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum." Franklin D. Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum. Web. 11 July 2015. <http://www.fdrlibrary.marist.edu/fourfreedoms>. McPherson, James M. Battle Cry of Freedom: The Civil War Era. New York: Oxford UP, 1988. Print. "Obama and Reagan's Speeches about Freedom." Cato Institute., 18 Nov. 2009. Web. 11 July 2015. <http://www.cato.org/blog/obama-reagans-speeches-about-freedom>. "Vicksburg Campaign." History.com. A&E Television Networks, Web. 12 July 2015. <http://www.history.com/topics/american-civil-war/vicksburg-campaign>.

Editor's Notes

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