Volcanoes are mountains with openings at the top that allow ash, gases, and hot magma to escape during eruptions. There are different types of volcanoes such as cone volcanoes, calderas, and volcanic fields. Volcanic eruptions can destroy property, kill animals and people, and disrupt lives by damaging infrastructure and the economy. Lava is formed from crystals, volcanic glass, and bubbles that rise from magma chambers within the Earth due to pressure from surrounding solid rock. Many volcanoes are located near Auckland, New Zealand.