Theravada Buddhism is a more conservative subdivision that closely follows the original teachings of Siddhartha Gautama, who lived in Nepal in the 6th-4th century BCE. It is most prominent in Southeast Asian countries such as Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, and Laos. Theravada Buddhism believes in the four noble truths about dukkha (suffering), its causes, its cessation, and the path to its cessation through the noble eightfold path. Key doctrines include anatta (no soul), impermanence, karma, and samsara (cyclical rebirth). Followers seek nirvana through mastery of Buddhist truths and observ
Buddhism Report Grade 11
Content
Buddhism Definition and History
Buddhism Types and Subdivision
Life of Buddha
The Sutras
Non-cannonical/Noncannonical Buddhist Texts
The Tripitaka (Pali Canon)
Beliefs and Doctrines
Law of Dependent Origination
Pratityasamutpada
Impermanence of Things
Four Noble Truths
Eight Fold Path
Worship and Observances
Women in Buddhism
Mahayana Buddhism
Paramitas
Six Paramitas
Suitable for JC RE course. Full powerpoint for use with Chapter on World Religions: Christianity. Best used as a revision aid for 3rd years, as goes into more detail than needed for younger years.
Buddhism Report Grade 11
Content
Buddhism Definition and History
Buddhism Types and Subdivision
Life of Buddha
The Sutras
Non-cannonical/Noncannonical Buddhist Texts
The Tripitaka (Pali Canon)
Beliefs and Doctrines
Law of Dependent Origination
Pratityasamutpada
Impermanence of Things
Four Noble Truths
Eight Fold Path
Worship and Observances
Women in Buddhism
Mahayana Buddhism
Paramitas
Six Paramitas
Suitable for JC RE course. Full powerpoint for use with Chapter on World Religions: Christianity. Best used as a revision aid for 3rd years, as goes into more detail than needed for younger years.
Chapter 5 BUDDHISMChapter Overview Buddhism was born in th.docxchristinemaritza
Chapter 5 BUDDHISM
Chapter Overview
Buddhism was born in the fifth-century BCE in the foothills of the Himalayas. It spread from India throughout Asia, developing a variety of schools and different practices. It has more recently become popular in the West.
The goals of the chapter are:
1. To sketch a biography of Siddhartha, founder of Buddhism
2. To lay out the foundational tenets of Dharma, especially the Four Noble Truths, and the Eightfold Path
3. To illustrate key philosophical concepts such as karma, reincarnation, and nirvana
4. To illustrate lay and monastic practices within Buddhism
5. To explain distinctions between important expressions of Buddhism namely, Theravada and Mahayana, with examples of significant schools within Mahayana
Students should find the chapter section on the life of the Buddha lively and engaging. It is helpful to remind them that “the Buddha” (“one who has awakened” or “enlightened”) is a religious title and not a proper name. (The “u” in Buddha is pronounced like the “oo” in “good,” not like the “oo” in “food.”)
Given its origins in India and subsequent spread throughout Asia, Buddhism presents a challenge with respect to vocabulary from different Asian languages. Both Pali and Sanskrit were used in Indian Buddhism.
The life and legend of the Buddha
Scholarly debate continues about the exact dates of the Buddha’s life; he most likely lived for about eighty years during the fifth century BCE. Historically, verifiable details of his life are sparse; more important for understandings of Buddhism are the many ways followers have recalled his life in various sacred biographies. These sacred biographies describe the life of child named Siddhartha, born to Maya and Shuddhodana, who was a chief of the Shakya clan in northern India in the foothills along the Himalayas. Maya dreamed that a white elephant entered her womb. At the time of Siddhartha’s birth, priests foretold that this child would become either a great king or a person who would renounce earthly life in order to share his enlightenment with the rest of the world.
The sacred biographies of the Buddha provide a useful basis for comparison with other sacred biographies, such as the biblical accounts of the lives of Moses and Jesus. It is also useful to remind students that Buddhism develops within the context of Hinduism, building upon and challenging some of its ideas.
Siddhartha’s father, who was the equivalent of a king or a feudal lord, tried his best to protect his son from the troubles of the world and to make a good life for him in their palace. All of this was to encourage his son to aspire to kingship. Stories tell of Siddhartha’s life of leisure in a palace with female musicians and a harem of dancers. He married and had a son. But Siddhartha was curious about the outside world, and he left his home to take a chariot ride. The gods arranged for Siddhartha to witness the Four Sights: a bent aged man, a sick person, a corpse, and f ...
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Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
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Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
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2. BUDDHISM
Is a religion of around 500 million
people or around 7℅ to 8℅ of the
world’s population. Buddhism
followers are mostly found in
Asian continent with China having
the largest population at around
244 million or 18℅ of its total
population.
3. ASIAN COUNTRIES THAT HAVE THE HIGHEST BUDDHIST
MAJORITY IN TERMS OF POPULATION.
•1. Cambodia 97℅
•2. Thailand 90℅
•3. Myanmar 80℅
•4. Bhutan 75℅
•6.Sri Lanka 75℅
•7.Laos 66℅
4. Buddhism is one of the most practical
among the world’s great religion because
its belief system intends to meet the basic
needs of human needs and solve human
kind spiritual problem without depending
on supernatural forces (Brown 1973).
9. Siddhartha Gautama, who would one day become known
as Buddha (“enlightened one” or “the awakened”), lived in
Nepal during 6th to 4th century B.C. Siddhartha (which means
“he who achieves his alm”) Gautama to a large clan called
the Shakyas in Lumbini,(today,modern Nepal) in the 6th
century B.C. His mother died seven days after giving birth to
him, but a holy man prophesized great things for young
Siddhartha: He would be either a great king or military leader
or he would be a great spiritual leader.
10. To keep his son from witnessing the meseries and
suffering of the world, Siddhartha’s father raised him
in opulence in a palace build just for the boy and
sheltered him from knowledge of religion and human
hardship. According to custom, he married at the age
of 16, but his life of total seclusion continued for
another 13 years. But Siddhartha got to the point of
his life that he wants to experience the life outside in
the real world.
12. The prince reached his late 20’s with little experience
of the work outside the walls of his opulent palace, but
one day he ventured out beyond the palace walls and
was quickly confronted the realities of human frailty: He
saw a very old man, and Siddhartha’s charioteer
explained that all people grow old. Questions about all
he had not experienced led him to take more journeys of
exploration, and on these subsequent trips he
encountered a diseased man, a decaying corpse and an
ascetic. The charioteer explained that the ascetic had
renounced the world to seek release from the human
fear of death and suffering.
13. As a summary, Siddhartha found out that the reality of life
has a beginning and ending. He found out the different
stages of person’s life from birth, sickness, old age to ultimate
deat. The Buddha is undoubtedly one of the most influential
figures in world history, and his teachings have affected
everything from a variety of other faiths (as many Buddha) to
literature to philosophy, both within India and to the farthest
reaches of the Western world.
14. Tipitaka and their contents
• 1. Sulta Pitaka ( Discouses) - Buddha‘s doctrinal
discourses: short poem to long prose narratives
about Siddhartha’s previous lives.
2. Vinaya Pitaka (Discipline)- Rules of discipline:
stories that illustrate Buddhist moral principles.
3. Abhidhamma Pitaka (Ultimate Doctrine)-
Systematic analysis of the categories of Buddhist
thought.
15. The first basket, the Sulta Pitaka, contains the
conventional teaching delivered by Siddhartha
on different occasions. Discourses of
Siddhartha’s disciples such as those of Sariputa,
Mogallan, Amanda,a re also part of the Sultan
Pitaka. It is divided into 5 collections namely,
20. The second basket, the
Vinaya Pitaka, contains the
disciplinary code required
of Buddhist monks
(bhikkhus) and nuns
(bhikkhunis). Various rules
and regulations must be
followed by the monastic
community. It consist of the
five books , namely
25. The third basket, Pitaka is a work of moral psychology.
The reflective philosophies of Siddhartha’s teaching are
contained bin the Abhidhamma Pitaka that is strictly a
Theravada collection. It is composed of seven books,
works namely,
• Dhammasangani (Enumeration of Phenomena)
• Vibhanga (The book of the treatises)
• Katha Vathu (Point of Cortroversy)
• Puggala Pannati (Description of Individuals)
• Dhatu Katha (Discussion with reference to elements)
• Yamaka (The book of Pairs)
27. •He never intended to start a new religion
especially so that his teachings are focused
primary on ethics, and self- understanding as
people work for their salvation on their own
without needing the assistance of any supreme
being.
28. •He did not claim to be a
saviour but a guide and a
teacher as he apointed the
way of others to follow
and gain spiritual bliss and
doing so.
29. •Another unique feature of Buddhism is the
belief that soul or atman do not exist as
people live in a state of nonsoulness or
anatman/anatta. Do not preach humans have
an external life and indestructible soul.
30.
31.
32.
33. •Impermanence or anitya /annica
state that all conditioned things are
transitory and passing.
35. The first Noble Truth
The origin of the problem the dukhha,
suffering can be experienced
throughout the different stages of a
person’s life from birth, sickness, old
age to ultimate death.
36. The Second Noble Truth
The cause of suffering or
samodaya-in craving or desire (or
tanha) in the perpetual thirst of
human to consumed things,
experiences, or ideas.
37. THE THIRD NOBLE TRUTH
Is a cessation or nirodha to suffering and
bondage by eliminating craving and desire .
By dropping the bonds of craving , one gets
to be released from the fundamental nature
of reality.
38. THE FOURTH NOBLE TRUTH
The path or magga leading to the
termination of craving and desire to
eventual cessation of pain.
41. THREE ASPECTS OF SAMMA
•Path of wisdom- this includes
right view and right intention
42. • Path of morality- this
includes right speech,
right action, and livelihood
43. • Path of meditation- it
consists of right effort,
right mindfulness, right
concentration.
44. REBIRTH OR SAMSARA
The mastery of the various truths and
observance of the path would lead the
person to break the bond that binds him
or her life and obtain release from from
the eternal cycle of death.
46. • Law of Dependent Organization or Paticca -
Is one of the most insightful teachings of
Siddhartha
• Impermanence of Things- is an unavoidable
fact of human existence
• Samsara- a being escape of all phenomena
• Nirvana- a person’s mind is at perfect peace,
called arhat or one who is “worthy of honor”.
47. WORSHIP &
OBSERVANCES
Stupas are commemorative
monuments that contained
sacred relics associated with
Siddhartha himself. In Tibet the
stupa was transformed into a
chorten and in the Southeast
and East Asia called Pagoda.
48. SUBDIVISIONS
The subdivision of Theravada that existed during the early
history of Sri Lanka can be traced from the three monasteries
of Mahavihara, Abhayagirivihara and Jetavana Mahavihara or
“Great monastery” of Anuradhapura was founded by King
Devanampiya Tissa who ruled between 307 B.C.E to 267
B.C.E. Abhayagiri Dagaba was the King Mahesena who ruled
277 B.C.E and 304 C.E.
49. WAR AND VIOLENCE
In Buddhism, war is evil or
akusala as some scholar state that
it has no rationalization in
Siddhartha’s teaching.
50. WOMAN IN BUDDHISM
•Siddhartha slowed woman to participate in the
sangha although there were some stipulations.
•Woman’s principle was to become a faithful
and devoted housewives subject to the whims
or husbands.
51. Within the sangha, Siddhartha recognized
the potential and value of bhikkunis who
where also expert in teaching the dhama.
These include,
•Dammadina
•Khema
•Uppalavanna
52. Siddhartha acknowledged that man
is not always wise as woman is also
wise . The fundamental teachings of
Buddhism are closely tied to the life
of Siddhartha Gautama who was
born between 563 B.C.E to 480 B.C.E
in Lumbini in the foothills of the
Nepalese Himalayas.