The World Food Programme (WFP) is the largest humanitarian organization that provides food aid to over 86 million people in emergencies worldwide, including in Haiti, where a significant portion of the population lives below the poverty line. The WFP responds to crises caused by factors like political turmoil and natural disasters, initiating emergency operations and logistical support to deliver aid effectively. Despite complications from gang violence, infrastructure challenges, and prior food crises, the WFP managed to feed 700,000 people in Haiti by the end of 2008 and continues to focus on long-term food security initiatives.

1. World Food Programme The Provision of Food Aid in Emergency Situations in Haiti

2. What is the WFP? UN division for the provision of food aid to those unable to provide enough food to feed themselves and their family Largest humanitarian organisation in the world Headquarters in Rome Provides food to 86.1 million people in 80 countries

3. Save lives and protect livelihoods in emergencies Prepare for emergencies Restore and rebuild lives after emergencies Reduce chronic hunger and undernutrition everywhere Strengthen the capacity of countries to reduce hunger Mission Statement

4. • Oils, grains, flours, beans, salt • Dietary supplements for malnutrition • High energy snacks • Whenever possible bought from local producers using monetary donations from governments and organisations

5. A typical WFP aid pack

6. WHAT CAUSES FAMINE AND STARVATION? WAR POVERTY FLOODS & DROUGHTS

7. HUNGER AND HEALTH CARE? Increases risk of infection eg. tuberculosis Deficiency diseases eg. scurvy Diarrhoea Dehydration Coma Miscarraige Heart Failure Death

8. Emergency Response Rapid Response Programmes and Emergency Operation Plans

9. Rapid Response WFP Country Director for in the affected nation declares an emergency Opens local WFP and WFP-affiliated food stores Requests redirection of global WFP stores to the affected areas Director draws up an Emergency Operation (EMOP) to direct initial response

10. logistics How are global food stores redirected to disasters?

11. ~30x Around thirty storage vessels at sea at any one time Aid is delivered to those who need it by any means available

13. + Repair roads, bridges etc. + Build warehouses to store food + Evacuate the malnourished + De-mine aid routes What Other Aid Do WFP Provide?

14. Republic of Haiti Caribbean nation Shares the island of Hispaniola with the Dominican Republic Former French colony First black nation to achieve independence Presidential republic 76 percent of Haitians live with less than US$2 per day and 56 percent on less than US$1 per day

15. Florida Dominican Republic Cuba HAITI

16. A troubled Nation... 2004 Haitian Rebellion • Long history of political turmoil • President Aristide elected in 2001 for the second time • Aristide became unpopular with US and French economic interests • September 2003, gang leader Amiot Metayer found killed with heart cut out, his brother blames Artiside after crackdowns on gang violence • These gangs along with opposition groups mount rebellion against Aristide’s government • Aristide flees Haiti as rebels approach capital, claims the US supported the rebellion • US and UN step in, occupy Haiti and stabilise the country until elections in ’06 Haitian Flooding & Storms • Like most of the caribbean, lies in the RSMC Miama hurricane basin • Subject every year to severe tropical storms and cyclones • Deforestation worsens the resulting floods • Flimsy shanty towns easily demolished by the high winds and flooding • Densely populated urban areas regularly hit • Hurricane Jeanne leaves 3,000 dead in 2004 • Struck again by 4 hurricanes in August-September 2008 killing over 300, leaving 800,000 in need of humanitarian aid

18. World Food Crisis Western farming subsidies caused developing countries to become dependent on importing food from the West. Inflation of global food prices due to various factors inc. droughts and overpopulation therefore led to an uncontrollable rocketing of food costs in countries like Haiti, leading to starvation and unrest.

19. WFP response in haiti

20. emop prro EMERGENCY OPERATION PROTRACTED RELIEF & RECOVERY OPERATION leads into

21. PRRO : Food Assistance for the Relief and Protection of Vulnerable Groups Exposed to Food Insecurity • PRROs are proposed with detailed logistics, budgets and expected results and submitted to the Executive Board for approval • This PRRO was approved by the board and began operation January 1st 2008 and will conclude Dec 31st ’09 • Budget ~US$75mil, providing 80,000 tons of food to 6 of the 10 departments of Haiti • Sept 08’ following the storms, Country Director submits EMOP calling for US$499,996 of food aid based on estimated no. of ppl. affected x food requirements x duration of dependency + logistical costs • Joined in Nov ’08 another project costing another US$30mil providing a further 25,000 tons of food aid to the flood victims

22. SUCCESSES, COMPLICATIONS & MISTAKES

23. AID AND ACCESSIBILITY Flood Damaged Roads Mountainous Terrain Gang Violence & Theft Damaged Ports Locating Displaced Populations Danger of Further Disasters Weak National Government

24. Agriculture & Deforestation Deforestation on the island worsened environmental impact of floods, topsoil across the country was destroyed and Q4 crop yields were 20% below that of 2007, following the floods...

25. Hazards & Lack of Infrastructure In the first days following the floods, roads were so badly damaged and land so water-logged helicopters were often unable to deliver any supplies to isolated & rural areas

26. Social Unrest & Gangs Warehouses full of donated rice stolen by organised, armed gangs planning to sell them on were found in the western city of Carrefour

27. Bureaucracy Prior to the floods, initial supplies of WFP aid intended to support Haiti through the world food crisis wasted in harbors as government bureaucracy intended to quell corruption left tons of food rotting on freighters for days

28. Economics & The Food Crisis Food price crisis hadn’t been effectively controlled before the storms hit, worsened by political instability sparked by ousting of the president following riots, contributing to overall hunger on the island. High fuel prices also delayed the transportation of food aid to remote, inland areas. Ousted President Edouard-Alexis

29. Logistical Difficulties Difficult logistical decisions delayed the provision of infrastructure and delivery of aid eg. delays when the UN could not decide which of 8 destroyed bridges should be replaced

30. However without the WFP and other food aid orgs the food security situation in Haiti would be far worse...

31. The WFP fed 700,000 people in Haiti by the end of 2008... WFP now focuses on food-for-work and school meals programmes to improve long term food security following the emergency situations of that year...

32. Thank you! wfp.org/how-to-help

33. 1,2,4,7: http://www.wfp.org/photos 3: http://www.photographersdirect.com 5: http://community.webshots .com/user/stovetop91 6: http://www.alifeofben evolence.com/tag/world-food-programme/ 8: http:// www.youtube.com/user/transafrik 9: http://unusual-things.bl ogspot.com 10: http://www.reseaucitadelle.blogspot.com 11: http ://www.abcnews.go.com/ 12: hhtp://dr1. com 13: Ghosts of Cité Soleil © Independen t Pictures 2006 14: http://blog.cl eveland.com/world_impact/2009/01/large_ KENYA_PIRACY-Dec12-08_Meye.jpg 15: © AF P Photo 16: http://blog.syracuse.com/news/20 07/08/large_082807Bridge2 MG.jpg 17: FEWS.NET 18: http://5starsurf.com/images/Kabic-Overhead.jpg