This document provides background information on William Congreve's play "The Way of the World". It summarizes the plot, characters, and key events in each of the four acts. The main characters include Mirabell and Millamant, who are in love but face opposition from Millamant's guardian Lady Wishfort. Mirabell hatches an intricate plot involving disguises and deception to win Millamant's hand. The play satirizes the ideas of marriage, adultery, and inheritance prevalent during the Restoration period in England.
Christopher Marlowe was an influential English dramatist, poet and translator during the Elizabethan era. He was born in Canterbury around 1564 and was baptized on February 26, 1564, making him just two months older than William Shakespeare. As one of the foremost Elizabethan tragedians, Marlowe is known for his plays in blank verse like Tamburlaine the Great and Doctor Faustus, as well as for his mysterious death at a young age.
Contains a crisp overview of Marlowe as a playwright and briefly discusses the plot surrounding one of his most successful plays 'Tamburlaine'. The PowerPoint also consists of Major themes in the play, the criticism it received and the lasting impact it had on literature.
The Way of the World is a Restoration comedy written by William Congreve in 1700. It is set in London and focuses on the romantic intrigues between several characters of high society, led by the scheming Mirabell who plots to win the hand and inheritance of the wealthy Millamant from her controlling Aunt Lady Wishfort. Other characters include the married Fainall and his mistress Marwood, Millamant's bumbling suitors Witwoud and Petulant, and servants like Foible who aid Mirabell's complex plot. Issues of reputation, social etiquette, marriage, adultery, and inheritance are comically explored.
The document provides biographical information about William Congreve, an English playwright and poet born in 1670. It notes that he was educated at Trinity College Dublin and became a disciple of John Dryden. Congreve wrote several acclaimed comedies during the Restoration period, including The Old Bachelor, The Double-Dealer, Love for Love, and The Way of the World. Though he never married, he had a romance with the Duchess of Marlborough. Congreve suffered from poor eyesight and died in 1729, being buried at Westminster Abbey.
Restoration comedies were English plays written between 1660-1710 following a ban on theater during the Puritan rule. Known as "comedy of manners," these plays were notable for their risqué depictions of sex and affairs. Writers like William Wycherley, George Etherege, William Congreve, and Aphra Behn created works like The Country Wife, The Man of Mode, The Way of the World, and The Rover that featured the amorous adventures of characters in high society and mocked social conventions of the time.
Alexander Pope was an 18th century English poet best known for his satirical verse and translation of Homer's works. He was born into a Catholic family at a time when Catholics faced significant legal restrictions. His education ended early due to Pott's disease, but he was a prolific self-educated reader of classical texts. His most famous works included Essay on Criticism, The Rape of the Lock, and translations of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. Though his religious background and poor health isolated him, Pope was a highly influential poet and considered a master of Neoclassical style during his lifetime.
John Milton was an English poet, historian, and political writer born in London in 1608. He studied at St. Paul's School and Christ's College, Cambridge, where he took his M.A. in 1632. Milton wrote numerous poetry and prose works reflecting his passion for freedom and political views, including Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes. Considered his masterpiece, Paradise Lost chronicles the biblical story of Adam and Eve's temptation and expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton dictated the epic poem while blind in his later years. He died in London in 1674 at the age of 65.
Christopher Marlowe was an influential English dramatist, poet and translator during the Elizabethan era. He was born in Canterbury around 1564 and was baptized on February 26, 1564, making him just two months older than William Shakespeare. As one of the foremost Elizabethan tragedians, Marlowe is known for his plays in blank verse like Tamburlaine the Great and Doctor Faustus, as well as for his mysterious death at a young age.
Contains a crisp overview of Marlowe as a playwright and briefly discusses the plot surrounding one of his most successful plays 'Tamburlaine'. The PowerPoint also consists of Major themes in the play, the criticism it received and the lasting impact it had on literature.
The Way of the World is a Restoration comedy written by William Congreve in 1700. It is set in London and focuses on the romantic intrigues between several characters of high society, led by the scheming Mirabell who plots to win the hand and inheritance of the wealthy Millamant from her controlling Aunt Lady Wishfort. Other characters include the married Fainall and his mistress Marwood, Millamant's bumbling suitors Witwoud and Petulant, and servants like Foible who aid Mirabell's complex plot. Issues of reputation, social etiquette, marriage, adultery, and inheritance are comically explored.
The document provides biographical information about William Congreve, an English playwright and poet born in 1670. It notes that he was educated at Trinity College Dublin and became a disciple of John Dryden. Congreve wrote several acclaimed comedies during the Restoration period, including The Old Bachelor, The Double-Dealer, Love for Love, and The Way of the World. Though he never married, he had a romance with the Duchess of Marlborough. Congreve suffered from poor eyesight and died in 1729, being buried at Westminster Abbey.
Restoration comedies were English plays written between 1660-1710 following a ban on theater during the Puritan rule. Known as "comedy of manners," these plays were notable for their risqué depictions of sex and affairs. Writers like William Wycherley, George Etherege, William Congreve, and Aphra Behn created works like The Country Wife, The Man of Mode, The Way of the World, and The Rover that featured the amorous adventures of characters in high society and mocked social conventions of the time.
Alexander Pope was an 18th century English poet best known for his satirical verse and translation of Homer's works. He was born into a Catholic family at a time when Catholics faced significant legal restrictions. His education ended early due to Pott's disease, but he was a prolific self-educated reader of classical texts. His most famous works included Essay on Criticism, The Rape of the Lock, and translations of Homer's Iliad and Odyssey. Though his religious background and poor health isolated him, Pope was a highly influential poet and considered a master of Neoclassical style during his lifetime.
John Milton was an English poet, historian, and political writer born in London in 1608. He studied at St. Paul's School and Christ's College, Cambridge, where he took his M.A. in 1632. Milton wrote numerous poetry and prose works reflecting his passion for freedom and political views, including Paradise Lost, Paradise Regained, and Samson Agonistes. Considered his masterpiece, Paradise Lost chronicles the biblical story of Adam and Eve's temptation and expulsion from the Garden of Eden. Milton dictated the epic poem while blind in his later years. He died in London in 1674 at the age of 65.
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) is considered the father of English poetry. He wrote some of the earliest poems in English, including The Canterbury Tales. The document provides biographical details about Chaucer, an overview of his major works, and a description of the characters from The Canterbury Tales that go on a pilgrimage and tell stories. Some of the most prominent characters described are the Knight, the Prioress, the Monk, the Friar, the Pardoner, the Wife of Bath, and the Miller. The document emphasizes Chaucer's important contributions to literature as one of the first authors to use English as a language of poetry and to portray realistic characters and contemporary life.
12 S2015 Age of Shakespeare -Jacobean drama and masques Robert Ehrlich
The succession of James VI of Scotland as James Iand ruling out of other claims for the throne held for so long by Elizabeth. The changes in drama favored by James and his wife Anne.
The document provides an overview of William Congreve's play "The Way of the World". It summarizes the plot, which involves two lovers, Mirabell and Millamant, trying to gain the approval of Millamant's aunt Lady Wishfort for their marriage in order to receive Millamant's inheritance. It also outlines the main characters and themes of the play, such as marriage, love, deception, and social class, situating it in the context of Restoration comedy during the late 17th century in England.
This document summarizes key aspects of Victorian novels and two famous Victorian authors, Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy. It notes that the Victorian era saw the rise of the novel as the dominant literary form. Victorian novels tended to focus on daily life and emphasize moral messages. They also featured omniscient narrators, complex plots, and character development. The document then provides details on some of Dickens' and Hardy's most famous novels, including their themes, styles, and how they reflected the social issues and philosophies of the time. In conclusion, it states that the Victorian era marked the golden age of the novel as an art form capable of reflecting modern complexities.
it includes introduction of elizabethan era with its background and prominent feactures. literature of this era and unversity wits are dominant fectures and most dominated genre is drama. globe theatre is also prominent
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) is considered the father of English poetry. He lived during the reigns of King Edward III and King Richard II, dying the year after King Henry IV took the throne. His most famous work is The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of 29 pilgrims traveling to Canterbury Cathedral. The stories provide a vivid social chronicle of 14th century English life, with realistic portrayals of characters from different classes and occupations. Chaucer used his skills in characterization, humor, and language to establish English as a literary language and usher in the Renaissance in English literature.
Volpone pretends to be on his deathbed in order to dupe three men - Voltore, Corbaccio, and Corvino - who each believe they will inherit his fortune. His servant Mosca encourages this deception. Mosca also convinces Corbaccio to disinherit his son Bonario in favor of Volpone. When the scheme is uncovered in court, Volpone, Mosca, and the other dupes receive punishment.
Charles Lamb was an English essayist and poet in the late 18th and early 19th centuries best known for his Essays of Elia and the children's book Tales from Shakespeare co-authored with his sister Mary Lamb. Lamb was part of a major literary circle and befriended writers like Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Hazlitt. Though his poems received little attention, his prose writing, particularly the Essays of Elia published from 1820-1825, were very popular for their personal and conversational tone. Two remarkable essays from the collection are "Dream Children; A Reverie" about loss and family and "The Praise of Chimney-Sweepers" satirizing child
Charles Lamb was an English essayist, poet, and critic from the Romantic period. He worked as a clerk at the East India Company for over 30 years. Lamb is best known for his collection of essays titled Essays of Elia, which featured autobiographical sketches and reflections in a unique and humorous style. The essays explore themes of memory, family, and the passing of time. Lamb also wrote literary criticism and worked with his sister Mary to adapt Shakespeare's plays for children in their popular book Tales from Shakespeare. Lamb's personal essays are renowned for their delicate wit and ability to find profound meaning in ordinary things.
Ben Jonson was an influential English playwright, poet, and actor. Some of his most famous plays include Volpone, The Alchemist, and Epicoene or The Silent Woman. Volpone, set in Venice, is about a rich man who pretends to be dying in order to inherit money from others. The Alchemist is considered Jonson's best comedy, depicting human folly. Epicoene was originally performed in 1609 but was unsuccessful, though it gained popularity after the English Restoration.
William Congreve was a 17th century English playwright born in 1670 in Yorkshire, England. He was educated at Kilkenny College and Trinity College Dublin. After graduating, he studied law while being influenced by writers like Plato, Aesop, and Shakespeare. He held several government posts and wrote poems and plays in his spare time, gaining recognition for his lyric skills. His most famous works included the comedies The Old Bachelor, Love for Love, and The Way of the World. Congreve suffered from poor eyesight his whole life and died in 1729 at the age of 59 after an accident with his coach.
The document summarizes the Age of Johnson in 18th century English literature. It introduces influential figures of the time like Samuel Johnson, a poet, critic, and author known for his Dictionary of the English Language. It also discusses prominent poets such as Robert Burns, Thomas Gray, William Cowper, and Oliver Goldsmith, as well as prose writers like Johnson, Edmund Burke, Edward Gibbon, and James Boswell. The Age of Johnson was a period of transition between classicism and romanticism in English poetry and prose.
William Congreve was an Irish-born playwright known for his comedies in the late 17th century. His masterpiece, The Way of the World, was considered controversial at the time for being overly complicated. The plot follows the young lovers Mirabell and Millamant who wish to marry, against the wishes of Lady Wishfort. They encounter opposition from the cynical Fainall and Mrs. Marswood, who wish to destroy the young couple's plans for their own selfish interests. Ultimately, Mirabell and Millamant triumph, representing true love over the hypocrisy and opportunism that defined many marriages during Congreve's time.
The document summarizes the Oxford Movement, a 19th century movement within the Church of England. It was led by John Keble, John Henry Newman, and others who wanted to emphasize the church's Catholic heritage and oppose liberalism. The movement published tracts and translations of early Christian writings. Though primarily religious, it influenced later Victorian literature through inspiring the Pre-Raphaelites and poets like Hopkins. Newman eventually left the Church of England and joined the Catholic Church.
The Importance Of Being Earnest As A Comedy Of MannersAsari Bhavyang
The document provides details about Asari Bhavayang's course assignment on analyzing Oscar Wilde's play "The Importance of Being Earnest" as a comedy of manners. It includes biographical information about Wilde, definitions of comedy and comedy of manners, and an analysis of how the play satirizes Victorian norms and values through its use of language, irony, farce, and a focus on the flaws and weaknesses of the aristocratic characters. The complex plot and lack of emotion in the characters are also discussed as elements that make the play an example of the comedy of manners genre. References are provided at the end from literary encyclopedias and analysis websites.
Victorian poetry was written during Queen Victoria's reign from 1837 to 1901. It is characterized by its focus on sensory elements and recurring themes of religion/science conflicts. Victorian poetry can be divided into two groups: High Victorian poetry which was more intellectual, and Pre-Raphaelite poetry which drew from medieval myths. Major poets included Alfred Lord Tennyson, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and Matthew Arnold. They explored themes like morality, feminism, and criticism of contemporary society.
The document provides an overview of the Theatre of the Absurd and Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot. It explains that Theatre of the Absurd explores the absurdity of existence in a godless universe where life has no purpose or meaning. Waiting for Godot follows two homeless men, Vladimir and Estragon, who pass the time waiting endlessly and in vain for someone named Godot to arrive. Their dialogue shows how they try to maintain their friendship and identity through memory and conversation to avoid confronting the meaninglessness of their existence.
The document provides historical context on the Elizabethan period from 1558-1603 in England. It discusses the Tudor dynasty beginning with Henry VII, the rise of the middle class, developments in religion and commerce, and influential figures like William Shakespeare. Specifically regarding literature in the Elizabethan era, it notes the flourishing of drama and poetry including sonnets and works by Edmund Spenser. Major playwrights of the time included Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and the "University Wits". Theatres grew more popular as tragedy and comedy developed from classical influences.
Dramas staged between 1660 and 1700 are called ‘Restoration Dramas’. The dramatic literature of the period was dominated by comedies called ‘Comedy of manners’. Actually ‘Restoration Comedy’ is used as a synonym for “Comedy of Manners”. The plot of the comedy, often concerned with scandal, was traditionally less important than its witty dialogues.
The comedy of manners was first developed in the new comedy of the Ancient Greek Playwright Menander. His style, elaborate plots, and stock characters were imitated by the Roman playwrights Plautus and Terence, whose comedies were widely known and copied during the Renaissance. The best-known comedies of manners, however, may well be those of the French playwright Moliere.
Oscar Wilde and William Congreve are the most celebrated authors of ‘Comedy of Manners’.
William Congreve wrote the comedy of manners play The Way of the World in 1700. The play follows the romantic exploits of Mirabell who is in love with Millamant but faces opposition from her guardian Lady Wishfort, who wants to marry Mirabell herself. It involves schemes and manipulation between the characters as they try to outwit each other for financial and romantic gain. In the end, Mirabell and Millamant prevail by outsmarting their opponents and securing Lady Wishfort's blessing for their marriage.
The document summarizes Act 2 through Act 5 of The Way of the World play. Some key events include:
- Mrs. Fainall and Mrs. Marwood discuss manipulating men, while hiding their attraction to Mirabell.
- It is revealed that Mrs. Marwood is Fainall's mistress. Mirabell tells Mrs. Fainall of his plan to marry Millamant against her aunt's wishes.
- Mirabell's scheme involves having Waitwell woo Lady Wishfort disguised as Mirabell's uncle to get in her good graces. This plan is overheard by Mrs. Marwood.
- In the end, Mirabell protects Mrs. Fainall by having
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) is considered the father of English poetry. He wrote some of the earliest poems in English, including The Canterbury Tales. The document provides biographical details about Chaucer, an overview of his major works, and a description of the characters from The Canterbury Tales that go on a pilgrimage and tell stories. Some of the most prominent characters described are the Knight, the Prioress, the Monk, the Friar, the Pardoner, the Wife of Bath, and the Miller. The document emphasizes Chaucer's important contributions to literature as one of the first authors to use English as a language of poetry and to portray realistic characters and contemporary life.
12 S2015 Age of Shakespeare -Jacobean drama and masques Robert Ehrlich
The succession of James VI of Scotland as James Iand ruling out of other claims for the throne held for so long by Elizabeth. The changes in drama favored by James and his wife Anne.
The document provides an overview of William Congreve's play "The Way of the World". It summarizes the plot, which involves two lovers, Mirabell and Millamant, trying to gain the approval of Millamant's aunt Lady Wishfort for their marriage in order to receive Millamant's inheritance. It also outlines the main characters and themes of the play, such as marriage, love, deception, and social class, situating it in the context of Restoration comedy during the late 17th century in England.
This document summarizes key aspects of Victorian novels and two famous Victorian authors, Charles Dickens and Thomas Hardy. It notes that the Victorian era saw the rise of the novel as the dominant literary form. Victorian novels tended to focus on daily life and emphasize moral messages. They also featured omniscient narrators, complex plots, and character development. The document then provides details on some of Dickens' and Hardy's most famous novels, including their themes, styles, and how they reflected the social issues and philosophies of the time. In conclusion, it states that the Victorian era marked the golden age of the novel as an art form capable of reflecting modern complexities.
it includes introduction of elizabethan era with its background and prominent feactures. literature of this era and unversity wits are dominant fectures and most dominated genre is drama. globe theatre is also prominent
Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) is considered the father of English poetry. He lived during the reigns of King Edward III and King Richard II, dying the year after King Henry IV took the throne. His most famous work is The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a group of 29 pilgrims traveling to Canterbury Cathedral. The stories provide a vivid social chronicle of 14th century English life, with realistic portrayals of characters from different classes and occupations. Chaucer used his skills in characterization, humor, and language to establish English as a literary language and usher in the Renaissance in English literature.
Volpone pretends to be on his deathbed in order to dupe three men - Voltore, Corbaccio, and Corvino - who each believe they will inherit his fortune. His servant Mosca encourages this deception. Mosca also convinces Corbaccio to disinherit his son Bonario in favor of Volpone. When the scheme is uncovered in court, Volpone, Mosca, and the other dupes receive punishment.
Charles Lamb was an English essayist and poet in the late 18th and early 19th centuries best known for his Essays of Elia and the children's book Tales from Shakespeare co-authored with his sister Mary Lamb. Lamb was part of a major literary circle and befriended writers like Samuel Taylor Coleridge and William Hazlitt. Though his poems received little attention, his prose writing, particularly the Essays of Elia published from 1820-1825, were very popular for their personal and conversational tone. Two remarkable essays from the collection are "Dream Children; A Reverie" about loss and family and "The Praise of Chimney-Sweepers" satirizing child
Charles Lamb was an English essayist, poet, and critic from the Romantic period. He worked as a clerk at the East India Company for over 30 years. Lamb is best known for his collection of essays titled Essays of Elia, which featured autobiographical sketches and reflections in a unique and humorous style. The essays explore themes of memory, family, and the passing of time. Lamb also wrote literary criticism and worked with his sister Mary to adapt Shakespeare's plays for children in their popular book Tales from Shakespeare. Lamb's personal essays are renowned for their delicate wit and ability to find profound meaning in ordinary things.
Ben Jonson was an influential English playwright, poet, and actor. Some of his most famous plays include Volpone, The Alchemist, and Epicoene or The Silent Woman. Volpone, set in Venice, is about a rich man who pretends to be dying in order to inherit money from others. The Alchemist is considered Jonson's best comedy, depicting human folly. Epicoene was originally performed in 1609 but was unsuccessful, though it gained popularity after the English Restoration.
William Congreve was a 17th century English playwright born in 1670 in Yorkshire, England. He was educated at Kilkenny College and Trinity College Dublin. After graduating, he studied law while being influenced by writers like Plato, Aesop, and Shakespeare. He held several government posts and wrote poems and plays in his spare time, gaining recognition for his lyric skills. His most famous works included the comedies The Old Bachelor, Love for Love, and The Way of the World. Congreve suffered from poor eyesight his whole life and died in 1729 at the age of 59 after an accident with his coach.
The document summarizes the Age of Johnson in 18th century English literature. It introduces influential figures of the time like Samuel Johnson, a poet, critic, and author known for his Dictionary of the English Language. It also discusses prominent poets such as Robert Burns, Thomas Gray, William Cowper, and Oliver Goldsmith, as well as prose writers like Johnson, Edmund Burke, Edward Gibbon, and James Boswell. The Age of Johnson was a period of transition between classicism and romanticism in English poetry and prose.
William Congreve was an Irish-born playwright known for his comedies in the late 17th century. His masterpiece, The Way of the World, was considered controversial at the time for being overly complicated. The plot follows the young lovers Mirabell and Millamant who wish to marry, against the wishes of Lady Wishfort. They encounter opposition from the cynical Fainall and Mrs. Marswood, who wish to destroy the young couple's plans for their own selfish interests. Ultimately, Mirabell and Millamant triumph, representing true love over the hypocrisy and opportunism that defined many marriages during Congreve's time.
The document summarizes the Oxford Movement, a 19th century movement within the Church of England. It was led by John Keble, John Henry Newman, and others who wanted to emphasize the church's Catholic heritage and oppose liberalism. The movement published tracts and translations of early Christian writings. Though primarily religious, it influenced later Victorian literature through inspiring the Pre-Raphaelites and poets like Hopkins. Newman eventually left the Church of England and joined the Catholic Church.
The Importance Of Being Earnest As A Comedy Of MannersAsari Bhavyang
The document provides details about Asari Bhavayang's course assignment on analyzing Oscar Wilde's play "The Importance of Being Earnest" as a comedy of manners. It includes biographical information about Wilde, definitions of comedy and comedy of manners, and an analysis of how the play satirizes Victorian norms and values through its use of language, irony, farce, and a focus on the flaws and weaknesses of the aristocratic characters. The complex plot and lack of emotion in the characters are also discussed as elements that make the play an example of the comedy of manners genre. References are provided at the end from literary encyclopedias and analysis websites.
Victorian poetry was written during Queen Victoria's reign from 1837 to 1901. It is characterized by its focus on sensory elements and recurring themes of religion/science conflicts. Victorian poetry can be divided into two groups: High Victorian poetry which was more intellectual, and Pre-Raphaelite poetry which drew from medieval myths. Major poets included Alfred Lord Tennyson, Elizabeth Barrett Browning, and Matthew Arnold. They explored themes like morality, feminism, and criticism of contemporary society.
The document provides an overview of the Theatre of the Absurd and Samuel Beckett's play Waiting for Godot. It explains that Theatre of the Absurd explores the absurdity of existence in a godless universe where life has no purpose or meaning. Waiting for Godot follows two homeless men, Vladimir and Estragon, who pass the time waiting endlessly and in vain for someone named Godot to arrive. Their dialogue shows how they try to maintain their friendship and identity through memory and conversation to avoid confronting the meaninglessness of their existence.
The document provides historical context on the Elizabethan period from 1558-1603 in England. It discusses the Tudor dynasty beginning with Henry VII, the rise of the middle class, developments in religion and commerce, and influential figures like William Shakespeare. Specifically regarding literature in the Elizabethan era, it notes the flourishing of drama and poetry including sonnets and works by Edmund Spenser. Major playwrights of the time included Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson, and the "University Wits". Theatres grew more popular as tragedy and comedy developed from classical influences.
Dramas staged between 1660 and 1700 are called ‘Restoration Dramas’. The dramatic literature of the period was dominated by comedies called ‘Comedy of manners’. Actually ‘Restoration Comedy’ is used as a synonym for “Comedy of Manners”. The plot of the comedy, often concerned with scandal, was traditionally less important than its witty dialogues.
The comedy of manners was first developed in the new comedy of the Ancient Greek Playwright Menander. His style, elaborate plots, and stock characters were imitated by the Roman playwrights Plautus and Terence, whose comedies were widely known and copied during the Renaissance. The best-known comedies of manners, however, may well be those of the French playwright Moliere.
Oscar Wilde and William Congreve are the most celebrated authors of ‘Comedy of Manners’.
William Congreve wrote the comedy of manners play The Way of the World in 1700. The play follows the romantic exploits of Mirabell who is in love with Millamant but faces opposition from her guardian Lady Wishfort, who wants to marry Mirabell herself. It involves schemes and manipulation between the characters as they try to outwit each other for financial and romantic gain. In the end, Mirabell and Millamant prevail by outsmarting their opponents and securing Lady Wishfort's blessing for their marriage.
The document summarizes Act 2 through Act 5 of The Way of the World play. Some key events include:
- Mrs. Fainall and Mrs. Marwood discuss manipulating men, while hiding their attraction to Mirabell.
- It is revealed that Mrs. Marwood is Fainall's mistress. Mirabell tells Mrs. Fainall of his plan to marry Millamant against her aunt's wishes.
- Mirabell's scheme involves having Waitwell woo Lady Wishfort disguised as Mirabell's uncle to get in her good graces. This plan is overheard by Mrs. Marwood.
- In the end, Mirabell protects Mrs. Fainall by having
The document provides a summary and analysis of William Congreve's play "The Way of the World". It summarizes each of the five acts in the play, describing the key plot developments and interactions between characters in each act. The play involves the romantic intrigues between Lady Wishfort, Millamant, Mirabell and others, and culminates in Mirabell and Millamant's relationship being approved by Lady Wishfort.
The way of the world Presented by Monir HossenMonir Hossen
This document provides an overview and summary of William Congreve's play "The Way of the World". It begins with an introduction to the class and instructor. It then provides a biography of Congreve and historical context of the Restoration period in England. The bulk of the document summarizes the key elements of the play, including the plot, characters, themes, and classification as a "comedy of manners". It concludes with remarks about Congreve and Restoration theatre. Overall, the document serves as a guide to understanding Congreve's influential comedy through summarizing its essential background and content.
The Way of the World Presented by Monir Hossen Monir Hossen
This document provides an overview of William Congreve's play The Way of the World through a lecture presented by Monir Hossen. It includes sections on Congreve's biography, the historical context of Restoration drama, a plot summary of The Way of the World, descriptions of key characters, and discussions of the themes of comedy of manners and Restoration theatre. The document analyzes Congreve's work through an educational lens to provide students with background information and critical analysis of The Way of the World.
The document provides character summaries for a play. It describes Mirabell as a charming but cynical womanizer. Millamant is a young lady in love with Mirabell. Fainall is a man about town who married for money. Mrs. Fainall is his wife and was formerly Mirabell's mistress. Mrs. Marwood is Fainall's current mistress who has unreturned feelings for Mirabell. Young Witwoud is a foppish suitor of Millamant's. Lady Wishfort is a vain 55-year-old woman who is Millamant's guardian and had feelings for Mirabell. Sir Wilfull is Lady Wishfort's nephew and her choice to marry Millamant. Waitwell
These chapters cover Elinor and Marianne Dashwood's arrival in London to stay with Mrs. Jennings. Marianne hopes to see Willoughby but grows distressed as he avoids her. At a party, Willoughby treats Marianne coldly. Marianne then receives a letter revealing Willoughby is engaged to another woman. The sisters learn he will soon marry Miss Grey, devastating Marianne and signaling the end of her romance with Willoughby.
Elinor and Lucy have a private conversation to discuss Lucy's secret engagement to Edward Ferrars. Lucy is relieved that Elinor is not angry about the engagement. They discuss practical matters, including how to get Edward more money from his mother, who would disapprove of the match. Lucy proposes getting Edward's brother John to give him the living at Norland, but Elinor points out the flaws in this plan.
The Dashwood family moves to Barton Cottage. They are visited by their cousin Sir John Middleton and his wife Lady Middleton. Sir John is kind but Lady Middleton is cold. The Dashwoods are introduced to Mrs. Jennings and Colonel Brandon at Barton Park. Marianne sprains her ankle on a walk and is rescued by the charming Mr. Willoughby, with whom she develops a strong attachment. Elinor is more cautious in her assessment of Willoughby.
- The Vicar of Wakefield lives happily with his family until he offends a neighbor and loses his fortune.
- They move to a new home but troubles continue as his daughters attract unsuitable suitors.
- After many twists of fortune involving deceit, elopement and imprisonment, it is eventually revealed that the vicar's fortunes are restored and his family finds happiness.
Charles Dickens was a famous English writer born in 1812 in Portsmouth, England. He began his career as a journalist and went on to write famous novels that highlighted social problems of Victorian England. One of his most famous works was Oliver Twist, published in 1837, which told the story of an orphan boy living in a workhouse. Oliver Twist goes on to experience many hardships as he encounters thieves, is kidnapped, and tries to find his identity and family. Though originally meant to portray the poor social conditions of the time, Oliver Twist became one of Dickens' most beloved stories, known for its compelling characters like Oliver, Nancy, and Fagin. Dickens died in 1870 as one of England's
1) Edward Ferrars visits the Dashwood sisters at their home in Barton Cottage. Marianne notices Edward is wearing a ring with a lock of hair that may belong to Elinor.
2) The Dashwoods receive visitors including Sir John, Mrs. Jennings, and the Palmers. Mrs. Palmer shares what she knows of Willoughby from speaking to Colonel Brandon.
3) Mrs. Palmer invites the Dashwood sisters to visit her home for Christmas and shares more information about Willoughby, piquing Elinor's curiosity about his relationship with Marianne.
The document summarizes the female characters in Henry Fielding's novel Tom Jones. It describes 12 characters:
1) Sophia Western, the heroine, who is drawn to the gentlemanly Tom Jones despite believing him to be low-born.
2) Bridget Allworthy, Squire Allworthy's unmarried sister who marries Captain Blifil and is later revealed to be Tom Jones's mother.
3) The vicious flirt Lady Bellaston who tries to sabotage the relationship between Tom and Sophia.
4) Sophia's loyal servant Honour Blackmore who stays by her mistress's side.
5) Jenny Jones, initially believed to be Tom's mother,
Literary project sense and-sensibility - isabela bJuliana Paniago
The book Sense and Sensibility tells the story of the Dashwood sisters - Elinor, Marianne, and Margaret - who must leave their family home of Norland Park and move to a small cottage in Devon after their father passes away. Marianne falls in love with the handsome John Willoughby, while Elinor grows close to Edward Ferrars, though they are separated when Elinor's family must move. The sisters adjust to their new life in Devon, but secrets and misunderstandings threaten their hopes for romance.
Rip Van Winkle is a kind but lazy man who lives with his domineering wife in a village at the foot of the Catskills in colonial America. One day, escaping his wife's harassment, Rip meets a strange man who leads him to a group of ghostly figures playing ninepins. Rip drinks their liquor and falls into a deep sleep. Upon waking 20 years later, Rip discovers that the American Revolution has occurred and his wife has died, leaving him free to live happily with his daughter.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
2. WILLIAM CONGREVE
• William Congreve (24 January 1670 – 19 January 1729) was an
English playwright and poet of the Restoration period.
• He is known for his clever, satirical dialogue and influence on the
comedy of manners style of that period. He was also a minor political
figure in the British Whig Party.
• Congreve, English dramatist who wrote comedies such as Love for
Love (1695) and The Way of the World (1700).
• His elegant satire represents the peak of Restoration drama. He also
wrote a tragedy, The Mourning Bride (1697).
3. THE WAY OF THE WORLD
• TheWay of theWorld is a play written byWilliamCongreve. It premiered in early
March 1700 in the theatre in Lincoln's Inn Fields in London.
• It is widely regarded as one of the best Restoration comedies and is still
occasionally performed. Initially, however, the play struck many audience members
as continuing the immorality of the previous decades, and was not well received.
• The main theme of the play is Marriage,Adultery, and Inheritance.
• Marriage and adultery are of course main themes in TheWay of theWorld, and it
seems that characters have much more of a problem with the potential for a tainted
reputation than with any moral or emotional imperative not to cheat on their
spouse.
• The Prologue was a conventional requirement for all plays.This one was delivered
by the sixty-five-year-old Betterton, the grand old man of the Restoration stage.
4. CHARACTERS :
• Mirabell: A young man-about-town, in love with Millamant.
• Millamant: A young, very charming lady, in love with, and loved by,
Mirabell. She is the ward of LadyWishfort because she is the niece
of Lady Wishfort's long-dead husband. She is a first cousin of Mrs.
Fainall.
• Fainall: A man-about-town. He and Mirabell know each other well,
as people do who move in the same circles. However, they do not
really like each other. Fainall married his wife for her money.
5. • Mrs. Fainall (ARABELLA): Wife of Fainall and daughter of Lady
Wishfort. She was a wealthy young widow when she married Fainall. She
is Millamant's cousin and was Mirabell's mistress, presumably after her
first husband died.
• Mrs. Marwood: Fainall's mistress. It does appear, however, that she was,
and perhaps still is, in love with Mirabell.This love is not returned.
• Young Witwoud: A fop. He came to London from the country to study
law but apparently found the life of the fashionable man-about-town
more pleasant. He has pretensions to being a wit. He courts Millamant,
but not seriously; she is merely the fashionable belle of the moment.
6. • Petulant: A young fop, a friend of Witwoud's. His name is indicative of
his character.
• Lady Wishfort: A vain woman, fifty-five years old, who still has
pretensions to beauty. She is the mother of Mrs. Fainall and the
guardian of Millamant. She is herself in love with Mirabell, although she
is now spiteful because he offended her vanity.
• Sir Wilfull Witwoud: The elder brother of Young Witwoud, he is forty
years old and is planning the grand tour of Europe that was usually
made by young men to complete their education. He is Lady Wishfort's
nephew, a distant, non-blood relative of Millamant's, and Lady
Wishfort's choice as a suitor for Millamant's hand.
7. • Waitwell: Mirabell's valet. At the beginning of the play, he has
just been married to Foible, Lady Wishfort's maid. He
masquerades as Sir Rowland, Mirabell's nonexistent uncle, and
encourages Lady Wishfort.
• Foible: Lady Wishfort's maid, married to Waitwell.
• Mincing: Millamant's maid.
8. THE PROLOGUE
• The Prologue was a predictable obligation for all plays. This one
was delivered by the sixty-five-year-old Betterton, the grand old
man of the Restoration stage. Congreve did not keep the
promises he made in this prologue:
• He swears he'll not resent one hissed-off scene,
Nor, like those peevish wits, his play maintain,
Who, to assert their sense, your taste arraign.
• The dedicatory letter indicates that he did arraign the taste of
his audience because it did not approve his play (although his
scenes were not hissed).
9. • The actor who plays Fainall delivers the prologue in which
Congreve complains about the high expectations of the
audience and the general inability of the poet to please
everyone. Congreve also promises that his play will be full of
jokes but won’t try to reform the audience.
10. The Plot Of The Way Of The World
ACT -1 : The first act is setup on Chocolate house; a men’s club where they tend to Hangout,
drink & gamble.
• Mirabell is loosing cards to Mr. Fainall , where he tells him Mrs.Millament has refused him in front of public the day before.
• Millamant is heir to a fortune where half of her fortune 6000 pounds is in control of her aunt and guardian Lady Wishfort , so
for impressing lady Wishfort Mirabell flatters her but Mrs.Marwood friend of Lady Wishfort reveals her of the flattery and not
depicting it out of love. Angry Lady Wishfort starts hating Mirabell and doesn’t approve of their marriage proposal, which was
a huge problem for them.
• Soon hearing Waitwell married Foible, which is all part of Mirabell’s scheme. Mirabell tells Fainall that Millamant puts up
with Witwound & Petulant two fools as described by him yet he loves her despite all her flaws.
• A letter arrives from Sir Witfull Witwoud to his half brother Witwoud who is at the bar with his friend Petulant, being made
fun by Mirabell and Fainall.
• As the plot advances Mirabell learns that Lady Wishfort plans to marry her niece to Mirabell’ Uncle who is coming to London
to disinherit him.
• The men went to a Mall where they might meet the ladies , Mirabell deserts Petulant & witwound for Petulant’s alleged
catcalling and his ignorance toward women.
11. ACT -2 :The Act is set in St James park amongst the Beau Monde where they meet the
ladies.
• Mrs.Fainall and Mrs. Marwood discuses how nasty men could be, while we see that they both were attracted towards Mirabell. Mirabell
and Fainall meets the Lady and they all splits up.
• In the Next Scene we see Fainall and Mrs.Marwood are lovers and they quarrel to which Marwood cries but hides her tear on arrival of
Mirabell & Mrs.Fainall. We also know her that Mirabell and Mrs.Fainall once had an affair ,Mrs.Fainall reveals that she despises her
husband and only married him because Mirabell told her too. Mirabell tells her the details of the intrigue that was undergone:
• Mirabell’s servant Waitwell has married Foible maid to Lady Wishfort. Waitwell will pretend to be Mirable’s uncle Sir Rowland and woo
Lady Wishfort. When she will discover his identity she will be so embarrassed she will allow Millamant to marry Mirabell, to save her
reputation.
• Millamant arrives their with full sail, here we see the would be lover’s together for the first time. As usual Witwoud followed her , on
talking to Millamant alone Mirable asked why does she hangout with this fool she replies that he finds Mirabell Tiresome and lefts.
• Following the end of the act we see newly wed servants Waitwell and Foible. Foible knowing all the plans actively participating in it, tells
him that she showed Sir Rowland Lady Wishfort’s picture to incite the flames of desire for her and report this impatience to lady Wishfort.
While Mirable was giving money to foible Mrs. Marwood happens to see them both together. She runs home to prepare to transform
Waitwell to Sir Rowland.
The Act closes with Waitwell Singing a Couplet
12. • ACT -3 :This Act takes place in Lady Wishfort’s House
• The Scene starts with Lady wishfort anxiously bidding her servant peg to do her makeup before Sir Rowland arrives. Mrs.Marwood arrives and tells Lady Wishfort
her servant Foible meeting with Mirabell. She tells her to hide in the closet while questions foible.
• Foible does a masterful job lying saying Mirabell insulted her by calling her old and tells Sir Rowland will be here soon. Lady Wishfort nervous and in need of
makeup so that she looks catchy in his eyes rather than show her desperation for having a Husband and ‘break Decorum’. Her fears are calmed as Foible tells that
lusty Sir Rowland will take her by Storm and leaves.
• Mrs.Fainall enters and tells Foible that she knows about the plot against Lady Wishfort. Foible tells her that Mrs.Marwood has kept and eye on her expressing her
worry and also revealing the fact that Mrs.Marwood likes Mirabell who cant stand her , to her surprise Mrs.Marwood who was hiding in the closet heard all of it
and when they leave goes to report about the plot to Lady Wishfort suggesting Millamant to be married off to Sir Wilfull. Lady Wishfort likes the idea.
• Milamant enters with her maid Mincing. Mrs.Marwood cruelly tells her love pretence was found out and they fought over it and they both say of hating Mirabell.
• After Milamant and Mincing exited from there, enters Sir Wilfull Witwound who gets to know that his half brother Witwound and Peulance makes fun of his
countryside manners to which he tackles them and decides to stay in London for a while and learning their lingo.
• After everyone leaves for dinner .Marwood tells Fainall of Mirable’s Plot. He is upset over his wife’s secret love choice. Marwood wants to prevent Mirabell of
getting any fortune from Milamant’s suggesting a plan blackmailing Lady Wishfort of her daughter’s doing to which she will so enraged to save her daughter’s
reputation. However worried Marwood Milamant says that marrying Sir Wilfull Witwoud as it would mean they will lose the fortune. She writes a Letter of her
daughter revealing it to Lady Wishfort.
The Act ends with a couplet by the nefarious Fainall ,telling the husband’s they must endure and not be too wise or too foolish or else they would suffer.
13. ACT - 4 : Still Inside the house of Lady Wishfort
• In a very funny scene foible tells Lady Wisfort that Sir Wilfull Witwoud is drunk and she tells her to bring Millamant so that she wont be
left along with Sir Rowland.
• A very intoxicated and reluctant Wilfull accompanied by Mrs.Fainall urges him to pursue Milamant but in his drunk condition could not
match her wits gets seen away by Milamant as Mirabell enters.
• The next scene the famous Proviso Scene, in which Milamant and Mirabell set conditions for their marriage where Milamant wants
freedom and doesn’t only stick to a life abiding only as a wife and whereas Mirabell wants that Milamant will not be slave to silly fashion
and wont be involved in any scandal before their marriage. With the two agreeing it Mrs.Fainall is happy for them both but rushes them
out as Lady Wishfort comes .Milamant says she loves Mirabell
• A fight broke out between Drunk Petulant and Wilfull where intoxicated petulant rudely proposes to Milamant ,he and witwound insults
each other and Petulant who once used to defend Milamant’s Beauty tells her “Fight for yourself Next time Yourself” and leaves.
Witwound says its all because of Fainall.
• Waitwell enters as Sir Rowland. He pretends to be madly in love with Lady Wishfort and she quickly agrees to marry him
• Foible tells her a letter has come for her and she goes to get it
• She returns with the letter , Waitwell reads the letter with her and to Lady Wishforts horror the plot uncovers. Waitwell thinking fast hurls
all the blame towards Mirabell and he promises to prove his veracity by bringing her the balckbox which contains all the dealings of his
estate.
Lady Wishfort agrees ,the scene ends with a couplet by Waitwell finished by Foible.
14. ACT – 5: Still in Lady Wishfort’s house the final Part Unfolds
• As the Act begins Lady Wishfort is raging at Foible threatening her with jail, where her husband is at and leaves.
Mrs.Fainall tells her Mirabell freed Waitwell. Foible tells Mrs.Fainall about Mrs. Marwood and Mr.Fainall illicit relationship
where she and mincing where sworn secrecy by Marwood. eventually shocked but seeks to use this information as an
advantage.
• Fainall has demanded her fortune threatening divorce. Milamant agrees to marry Sir Wilfull to save her own fortune.
• Lady Wishfort and Mrs.Marwood enters next, she thanks Marwood for uncovering the plots and starts attacking her
daughter. Mrs.Fainall tells her that Mrs.Marwood is like a leech sucking on the blood of his mother for her benefit.
• Fainall now enters as the absolute villan depicted and dictating terms to Lady Wishfort that she can’t marry on her own
without her consent , Mrs.Fainall whole fortune to be transferred to his name and Milamant must give her 6000 pounds
which she has forfeited by disobedience. He gives him time to draw up all the necessary papers and we see Lady
Wishfort turning to Mrs.Marwood for Comfort and comparing Mr.Fainall as a barbarian compared to Arabella’s previous
husband Languish.
15. • Milamant and Wilfull enters, saying they will marry while Mirabell was standing outside. Happy to hear it Lady Wishfort sends for Mirabell
and tells him he will forgive him if he gives up the agreement with Milamant to which he already did.
• The Evil Duo Marwood and Fainall enters with Papers for Lady Wishfort to sign disbelieving the sham Milamant marrying Wilfull .He now
threatens to publicly disgrace the name of Mrs.Fainall if she doesn’t transfer her fortune under his name. Lady Wishfort scared by it askes
for Mirabell ‘s help to which he agreed on a condition that he can marry her , lady Wishfort agrees and Mirabell calls Mincing and foible to
uncover the secret affair between Fainall and Marwood.
• Fainall still tries to expose her wife shame in loving Mirabell
• Waitwell brings the Black Box as promised which contains all the deed of Arabella Languish’s property Before marrying Fainall, Mirabell
and Arabella suspected that Fainall might try to cheat her, so Arabella agreed to sign over her fortune to Mirabell as a
precaution. As her trustee, Mirabell still controls her fortune and the legally binding document thus pre-empts Fainall’s claim on
his wife’s fortune. Both Fainall and Marwood vowing revenge leaves.
• Sir Wilfull moves from Milamant’s way and both the lovers comes together, Mirabell tells Lady Wishfort not to worry about
Fainall as he would need his wife’s money to survive and returns Mrs.Fainall deed of trust suggesting she can use it to “live
Easily Together” i.e. have some power in their marriage.
The act ends with a quatrain against the evils of Adultery
16. CENTRAL THEME
a. Jealousy, Deceit, and Intrigue: In Congreve’s play, jealousy, deceit, and
intrigue are important and interrelated plot devices that drive the action of the play by
creating conflict between characters.
b. Men vs. Women : With its several references to sex taking place inside and
outside the marriage, Congreve’s play would have riveted the attention of a Restoration
audience very much interested to know the gossip of who’s sleeping with whom and what
really goes on between married and unmarried men and women behind closed doors.
c. Wits and Fools: This type of instruction is exactly what he proceeds to give
through the repartee, or witty dialogue, of the fools of the play,
mainly Witwoud, Petulant, and Sir Wilfull. These comedic minor characters
often don’t fully grasp the significance of the drama going on
between Mirabell and Fainall but provide comedic relief with their well-timed
puns and “raillery,” or good-humored teasing, of other characters.
17. d. Female (in)dependence: The Way of the World is notable for its
positive portrayal of independent, intelligent women.
e. Love and Money: Money is a distinct concern for several of the
characters in Congreve’s play. Though greed does exist in the play. Fainall wants
all of Wishfort’s fortune or as much as he can swindle. Congreve draws a more
important connection between familial and romantic love and the desire for
money as a means of financial security.
This is an interesting coupling because it suggests that the sentiment of love
itself is not enough to build a romantic relationship on or to protect family
bonds. Money is actually an essential ingredient of love as money provides for a
comfortable life, which then allows one to enjoy one’s love.
18. QUOTES ANALYSIS
1. Mrs. Marwood (Act II, Scene I) :
“But say what you will, 'tis better to be left than never to have
been loved. To pass our youth in dull indifference, to refuse the
sweets of life because they once must leave us, is as preposterous
as to wish to have been born old, because we one day must be old.”
..
19. 2. Millament (Act II, Scene II) :
“One no more owes one's beauty to a lover than
one's wit to an echo”
..
20. 3. Witwoud (Act I, Scene II)
"Friendship without freedom is as dull as love without
enjoyment, or wine without toasting.“
..
21. 4. Mirabell (Act II, Scene II)
"A fellow that lives in a windmill, has not a more
whimsical dwelling than the heart of a man that is
lodged in a woman.“
..
22. THE WAY OF THE WORLD
AS
A COMEDY OF MANNER
• A comedy of manners, also called a Restoration comedy, was a theatrical form
that satirized the social manners of the time, primarily those of the upper class.
Horace's Satires, published around 35 BCE, and Shakespeare's Much Ado About
Nothing, published in 1598, are considered early versions of the comedy of
manners genre. The most famous examples of comedy of manners plays from that
era are William Wycherley's The Country Wife, William Congreve's The Way of the
World, and Molière's The School for Wives etc.
• Comedy of manners are usually set in locations exclusive to upper classes, like
fashionable homes and private clubs. They include stock characters, especially the
fop (a foolish man overly concerned with fashion), elegant young ladies, and older
people attempting to live like or reclaim their youths. These plays are often
centered around love and adultery and include gossip, eavesdropping, and
scheming. Conversation is often witty and ironic.