This document discusses three main styles of writing used in research: MLA, APA, and Chicago/Turabian. It provides details on the origins and guidelines of each style. For MLA, it describes how MLA began and its focus on literature and language. It provides an example of an MLA formatted paper. For APA, it discusses how APA developed its uniform style and how education institutions commonly use it. It also provides an example APA formatted paper. Finally, it describes how the Chicago Manual of Style and Turabian manual relate and differ, particularly regarding footnotes, and provides an example of a Chicago/Turabian formatted paper.

1. THE STANDARD
STYLES
OF WRITING

2. THE STANDARD STYLES OF WRITING
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to
1.Differentiate the styles of research writing and
2.Apply the styles of research writing in the proposed
research study

3. Opening Activity
Think about any topic that you can passionately talk about. Then, in
the space provided below, write a formal essay about the topic as if
you are writing an academic paper. Provide a title for your work as
well. Afterwards, each student will share his or her work to the
class.

4. Different Styles of
Research Writing
Modern Language Association
(MLA) Style
American Psychological
Association (APA) Style
Chicago Style of Turabian

5. - American professional organization for scholars of literature and language
based in New York City
- Publishes the MLA stylebook titled MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly
Publishing with its first edition printed in 1985 and thirds edition in 2008
- Began in 1883 at Purdue University as a discussion group for literature and
modern language
- At present, several regional associations compose the MLA
Modern Language Association

6. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

7. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

8. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

9. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

10. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

11. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

12. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

13. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

14. Formatting a Paper Using the MLA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

15. American Psychological Association (APA)
- Developed its own uniform style of formatting written works
- Originally, the style book was provided to their associates as a guide for
composing scientific publications, articles, handbooks, journals, and the like for
the organization
- 1929 when the original APA style guidelines featured in a magazine write-up
- 1959 when an official APA style manual became publicly available
- Practicality it brings, many education institutions use it as the standard for writing
research papers

16. Formatting a Paper Using the
APA Style
by Peter Gallagher and Brian Scott

27. Chicago Style and Turabian Style
- University of Chicago Press manages the standards and rules for
the Chicago style.
- The Chicago Manual of Style (“CMS” or “CMOS”) – principal
handbook
- Produced the original Chicago Style Manual in 1906
- A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations
(Kate Turabian – senior disquisition assistant and developed the
Turabian manual as a supplement to the Chicago Style manual)

28. Chicago Style and Turabian Style
- Will often hear that both styles are the same because they have
identical but slightly refined rules
- Turabian style permits the use of footnotes for citing sources,
which splits it from other styles on writing formal papers
- Chicago style are typically less formal papers not designed for
publication
- Versatile to deal with any style of paper (research papers, essays,
reports, theses, or dissertations)

29. Formatting A paper using the
chicago style or turabian
by peter gallagher and brian scott