The document summarizes key facts about planets and dwarf planets in our solar system. It provides details on the composition of atmospheres, notable features, moons, and other characteristics for each celestial body. Planets are divided into inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars) and outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune). Dwarf planets include Pluto, Ceres, and Eris. Key facts are given for each object's size, composition, rotational properties, and number of moons. The document serves as a reference for basic information about bodies in our solar system.

1. The Solar System Done By: Sally Park 8b

2. Planets Inner Planets:Outer Planets: Mercury • Jupiter Venus • Saturn Earth • Uranus Mars • Neptune Dwarf Planets: • Plato • Ceres • Eris

3. Mercury Mercury has no substantial atmosphere. Mercury’s atmosphere is composed of helium and sodium. Mercury’s surface was shaped by three processes. They are impact cratering, volcanism, and tectonic activity. Impact cratering is where large objects struck the surface resulting in crater formation. Volcanism is where lava flooded the surface. Tectonic activity is where the planet's crust moved in order to adjust to the planetary cooling and contracting.

4. Venus Venus is referred to as the Evening Star because it is the brightest planet that can be viewed from Earth. Venus’s atmosphere is composed of carbon dioxide and sulfuric acid. Retrograde rotation refers to the Venus because it is the opposite of the seven other planets. A day in the Venus is longer than a year in the Venus is because it revolves around the Sun on the circular orbit, and also it rotates very slowly. If you were standing on Venus, you’ll see the Sun rising from the west, and sets in the east. It is because the Venus rotates on its axis in the clockwise direction. The Venus is the hottest planet in the Solar system, because its atmosphere is composed of sulfuric acid, which traps heat. Also as it is the secondly closest planet from the Sun, it would receive more heat.

5. Earth Earth’s atmosphere is made up of 21% oxygen, 78% nitrogen, 9% argon, and 0.1% water vapor, carbon dioxide and other gases. The atmosphere helps to absorb harmful solar radiation before it can reach the surface of the Earth. Also it protects us from metors. The rotational tilt of the Earth is 23.5 degree angle. Earth has a molten iron-nickel and the rapid spin of the Earth along with the liquid makes the hot metallic core causes a magnetic field to surround the Earth. The satellite of the Earth is the Moon.

6. Mars The meteorites, which is piece of the Mars, was found on the Earth. On that meteorites, the scientists found the evidence for the tiny ancient bacteria and other signs, which shows that life have once existed on Mars. Mars’s primary element for the atmosphere is the carbon dioxide. Mars appears to be red because its surface is mostly covered with various rocks and a soil which is rich in an iron-laden clay, and that makes Mars to appear to be red in color. Olympus Mons are the volcano created by volcanic and tectonic activity, which is the largest volcano in the solar system. Mars has two satellites, which are Phobos and Deibos.

7. Jupiter Jupiter’s rapid rotation causes its shape to be flatten at the poles and bulge at the equator. Jupiter’s atmosphere is thought to be composed of hydrogen, helium, sulfur, and nitrogen. The Giant Red Spot is the hurricane-like storm, which is the oval features in the atmosphere. Jupiter has 50 named moons, and 13 moons which are not given names yet. One of its moon’s name is Io, is volcanically active.

8. Saturn Saturn’s atmosphere is made up of hydrogen and helium. Its rings are caused by particles from broken satellites, and those rings are composed of rocks from the broken satellites and ice. Saturn could float in water because its density is very low. Seasons on Saturn lasts very long.

9. Uranus The rotational tilt of the Uranus is 98 degree that it seems to be rotating on its size. Uranus’s atmosphere is made up of hydrogen, helium, and methane. Uranus has 27 known satellites.

10. Neptune Neptune’s atmosphere is made up of ammonia, helium, and methane. Neptune has 13 known satellites. Triton is the largest satellite of Neptune. astronomers believe Triton became a satellite because of the Triton's retrograde orbit, its density, and its composition.

11. Pluto Pluto’s three moons are Charon, Nix, and Hydra Scientists have learned about Pluto by using a spectroscope, is that there are methane frost on Pluto and water frost on Charon. It is unusual about Charon that it shares atmosphere with Pluto.

12. Ceres One revolution takes approximately 4.6 Earth years. Ceres was once considered an asteroid because there was no dwarf planets at that time. Mixture of water ice, carbonates, and clay could be found on the Ceres’s surface.

13. Eris Eris’s original name was Xena. Eris’s one revolution takes 557 Earth years. Eris’s moon’s name is Dysnomian. Eris was not considered to be a planet because it didn’t meet one of the requirements that a planet must clear out its orbit.