If you are interested in the topic please register to the ALIAS network:
http://network.aliasnetwork.eu/
to download other materials and get information about the ALIAS project (www.aliasnetwork.eu).
A presentation by Ronald Salis (Solution Sales Manager: T-Systems South Africa (Pty)Ltd), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Cost Effective Public Transport Management Systems" on 12 May 2016 hosted by University of Johannesburg. The theme of the presentation was: "Cost Effective APTMS"
AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable p
A presentation by Ronald Salis (Solution Sales Manager: T-Systems South Africa (Pty)Ltd), at the Transport Forum SIG: "Cost Effective Public Transport Management Systems" on 12 May 2016 hosted by University of Johannesburg. The theme of the presentation was: "Cost Effective APTMS"
AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable predictive maintenance of airplanes. AI algorithms analyze the flight data like route distance, altitudes, mileage, fuel use, aircraft type, weather conditions and a lot of other data points.AI in aviation has the potential to increase urban air mobility, improve airline safety, automate flight scheduling, and enable p
Will SES require a new legal framework by F. RutaALIAS Network
If you are interested in the topic please register to the ALIAS network:
http://network.aliasnetwork.eu/
to download other materials and get information about the ALIAS project (www.aliasnetwork.eu).
The object of the hackathon was to demonstrate thought leadership through the sharing of knowledge, best practices, and networking on topics and themes related to digital innovation in supply chain management and operations. The hackathon competition was meant to inspire, empower and enable emerging talent to innovate by developing new solutions, approaches, and applications to existing challenges in the supply chain.
Our application, Trux, which stood for Transportation Reusability User Experience, is aimed at understanding and correcting structured traffic congestion for companies within the supply chain and operations areas of the import and export industry. Trux helps commercial businesses who seek to better understand how new technology and innovation will impact their supply chain.
The advantages of Trux , allows entities like the Port of Los Angeles to monitor trucks in route from their location to the warehouse to the port and vice versa. Allows a one-hour window period for given location(e.g. warehouse) pickup. Uses a 10-minute window for Drop-off at Port Of Los Angeles with respect to
Trux uses jQuery, Javascript, AngularJS, C#/.NET, Visual Studio & Data from Port Of Los Angeles, CA.
Navigating the Skies: Challenges and Opportunities in Air Traffic ManagementILAM INDIA
In the dynamic world of aviation, the efficient management of air traffic is crucial to ensure safety, reduce delays, and optimize the use of airspace. As technology advances and air travel continues to grow, the aviation industry faces both challenges and opportunities in the realm of Air Traffic Management (ATM). In this blog, we will explore the key issues and potential advancements shaping the future of ATM.
Aircraft Rotable Components - MRO Cost Models / SAP Preventive and Predictive...Frank A.
A rapid repair loop is a key component of an agile supply chain. It is also one of the most direct ways to save money in high-tech, high-pressure sectors. Put differently, the only way to compensate for a sub-optimized repair loop is to spend more money on new stock.
Rebalancing NextGen to Transform the National Airspace System 08152013Ronald Stroup
Provides insights based on domain stakeholder information in an integrated portfolio to support effective decision-making in modernizing the National Airspace System
Paola Tomasello - Liabilities of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS): th...ALIAS Network
Drones (namely RPAS) have been chosen as case study to test the Legal Case, the novel methodology, developed by the ALIAS Project, to proactively address liability of new aviation technologies. This presentation shows how the methodology has been applied to address liability issues of drones. It presents the step 1 of the Legal Case process, dealing with the human factors analysis of drones. This intends to define task allocation between the remote pilot and the drone in order to derive task responsibilities of all actors involved in drones operations.
Will SES require a new legal framework by F. RutaALIAS Network
If you are interested in the topic please register to the ALIAS network:
http://network.aliasnetwork.eu/
to download other materials and get information about the ALIAS project (www.aliasnetwork.eu).
The object of the hackathon was to demonstrate thought leadership through the sharing of knowledge, best practices, and networking on topics and themes related to digital innovation in supply chain management and operations. The hackathon competition was meant to inspire, empower and enable emerging talent to innovate by developing new solutions, approaches, and applications to existing challenges in the supply chain.
Our application, Trux, which stood for Transportation Reusability User Experience, is aimed at understanding and correcting structured traffic congestion for companies within the supply chain and operations areas of the import and export industry. Trux helps commercial businesses who seek to better understand how new technology and innovation will impact their supply chain.
The advantages of Trux , allows entities like the Port of Los Angeles to monitor trucks in route from their location to the warehouse to the port and vice versa. Allows a one-hour window period for given location(e.g. warehouse) pickup. Uses a 10-minute window for Drop-off at Port Of Los Angeles with respect to
Trux uses jQuery, Javascript, AngularJS, C#/.NET, Visual Studio & Data from Port Of Los Angeles, CA.
Navigating the Skies: Challenges and Opportunities in Air Traffic ManagementILAM INDIA
In the dynamic world of aviation, the efficient management of air traffic is crucial to ensure safety, reduce delays, and optimize the use of airspace. As technology advances and air travel continues to grow, the aviation industry faces both challenges and opportunities in the realm of Air Traffic Management (ATM). In this blog, we will explore the key issues and potential advancements shaping the future of ATM.
Aircraft Rotable Components - MRO Cost Models / SAP Preventive and Predictive...Frank A.
A rapid repair loop is a key component of an agile supply chain. It is also one of the most direct ways to save money in high-tech, high-pressure sectors. Put differently, the only way to compensate for a sub-optimized repair loop is to spend more money on new stock.
Rebalancing NextGen to Transform the National Airspace System 08152013Ronald Stroup
Provides insights based on domain stakeholder information in an integrated portfolio to support effective decision-making in modernizing the National Airspace System
Paola Tomasello - Liabilities of Remotely Piloted Aircraft Systems (RPAS): th...ALIAS Network
Drones (namely RPAS) have been chosen as case study to test the Legal Case, the novel methodology, developed by the ALIAS Project, to proactively address liability of new aviation technologies. This presentation shows how the methodology has been applied to address liability issues of drones. It presents the step 1 of the Legal Case process, dealing with the human factors analysis of drones. This intends to define task allocation between the remote pilot and the drone in order to derive task responsibilities of all actors involved in drones operations.
GridMate - End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid...ThomasParaiso2
End to end testing is a critical piece to ensure quality and avoid regressions. In this session, we share our journey building an E2E testing pipeline for GridMate components (LWC and Aura) using Cypress, JSForce, FakerJS…
Goodbye Windows 11: Make Way for Nitrux Linux 3.5.0!SOFTTECHHUB
As the digital landscape continually evolves, operating systems play a critical role in shaping user experiences and productivity. The launch of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 marks a significant milestone, offering a robust alternative to traditional systems such as Windows 11. This article delves into the essence of Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, exploring its unique features, advantages, and how it stands as a compelling choice for both casual users and tech enthusiasts.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024Neo4j
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Sudheer Mechineni, Head of Application Frameworks, Standard Chartered Bank
Discover how Standard Chartered Bank harnessed the power of Neo4j to transform complex data access challenges into a dynamic, scalable graph database solution. This keynote will cover their journey from initial adoption to deploying a fully automated, enterprise-grade causal cluster, highlighting key strategies for modelling organisational changes and ensuring robust disaster recovery. Learn how these innovations have not only enhanced Standard Chartered Bank’s data infrastructure but also positioned them as pioneers in the banking sector’s adoption of graph technology.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
Removing Uninteresting Bytes in Software FuzzingAftab Hussain
Imagine a world where software fuzzing, the process of mutating bytes in test seeds to uncover hidden and erroneous program behaviors, becomes faster and more effective. A lot depends on the initial seeds, which can significantly dictate the trajectory of a fuzzing campaign, particularly in terms of how long it takes to uncover interesting behaviour in your code. We introduce DIAR, a technique designed to speedup fuzzing campaigns by pinpointing and eliminating those uninteresting bytes in the seeds. Picture this: instead of wasting valuable resources on meaningless mutations in large, bloated seeds, DIAR removes the unnecessary bytes, streamlining the entire process.
In this work, we equipped AFL, a popular fuzzer, with DIAR and examined two critical Linux libraries -- Libxml's xmllint, a tool for parsing xml documents, and Binutil's readelf, an essential debugging and security analysis command-line tool used to display detailed information about ELF (Executable and Linkable Format). Our preliminary results show that AFL+DIAR does not only discover new paths more quickly but also achieves higher coverage overall. This work thus showcases how starting with lean and optimized seeds can lead to faster, more comprehensive fuzzing campaigns -- and DIAR helps you find such seeds.
- These are slides of the talk given at IEEE International Conference on Software Testing Verification and Validation Workshop, ICSTW 2022.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
zkStudyClub - Reef: Fast Succinct Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge Regex ProofsAlex Pruden
This paper presents Reef, a system for generating publicly verifiable succinct non-interactive zero-knowledge proofs that a committed document matches or does not match a regular expression. We describe applications such as proving the strength of passwords, the provenance of email despite redactions, the validity of oblivious DNS queries, and the existence of mutations in DNA. Reef supports the Perl Compatible Regular Expression syntax, including wildcards, alternation, ranges, capture groups, Kleene star, negations, and lookarounds. Reef introduces a new type of automata, Skipping Alternating Finite Automata (SAFA), that skips irrelevant parts of a document when producing proofs without undermining soundness, and instantiates SAFA with a lookup argument. Our experimental evaluation confirms that Reef can generate proofs for documents with 32M characters; the proofs are small and cheap to verify (under a second).
Paper: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1886
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Why You Should Replace Windows 11 with Nitrux Linux 3.5.0 for enhanced perfor...SOFTTECHHUB
The choice of an operating system plays a pivotal role in shaping our computing experience. For decades, Microsoft's Windows has dominated the market, offering a familiar and widely adopted platform for personal and professional use. However, as technological advancements continue to push the boundaries of innovation, alternative operating systems have emerged, challenging the status quo and offering users a fresh perspective on computing.
One such alternative that has garnered significant attention and acclaim is Nitrux Linux 3.5.0, a sleek, powerful, and user-friendly Linux distribution that promises to redefine the way we interact with our devices. With its focus on performance, security, and customization, Nitrux Linux presents a compelling case for those seeking to break free from the constraints of proprietary software and embrace the freedom and flexibility of open-source computing.
Alt. GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using ...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
2. Unless controllers (and service providers):
• Speak loudly about the beneficial
role of air traffic control
• Use terminology that is understood by
the powerful lobby groups such as
airlines
• Make significant changes to more strategic
and interoperable control practices
the existing role of air traffic control in air traffic
management will be phased out!
Warning
3. • Future ATM is now (being designed)
• ICAO Global Concept is being interpreted by
those outside of ATC – especially “users”
• Organizations that phased out the flight
engineer, introduced fly-by-wire, etc now
have massive government funding to
redefine ATM
• Airlines are doing what Service Providers
should have been doing
Why
4. Future ATM
• The whole ATM system will be performance based, and changes based on
performance cases (which includes safety cases).
• A high level of automation will be required in meeting the highest ATM performance
requirements.
• Air Traffic control (reactive, tactical) will be replaced by Air Traffic Management
(proactive, strategic).
• Management by Trajectory will form the basis of all controllers’ activities.
• Airspace will be dynamic (move around).
• UAV in non-segregated airspace.
• Less controllers needed
• Local/Regional Implementation
– Airports will be controlled from a remote facility (virtual towers).
– Completely automated separation provision.
5. Procedural
Estimate the
current and
planned a/c
positions
Past
Radar
Know the
current
and
estimate
planned
a/c
positions
Today
Trajectory
Know & share the
current and
planned a/c
positions
A320
Future
6. Current situation
Procedur
al
Estimate the
current and
planned a/c
positions
Past -Prisoner of an old system
-Which is working in isolation
-FPL and FMS information
only known to my unit (if
at all)
-Too much housekeeping tasks
-Radio communication
-Strip updates
-HMI updates
-Phone coordination with
adjacent sectors
Radar
Know the
current
and
estimate
planned
a/c
positions
Today
7. Trajectory
Know & share the
current and
planned a/c
positions
A320
Future
Current situation
-I have to make up for the
Antiquated system – by inventing
work around and deviation from
the rules to make it work
-Airspace is not really available on
a need basis
-Airport have limited capacity
-Financial issues are more important
than generating capacity
13. Risks
• Current system is understaffed
– (+15% for transition phase)
• Involvement of human operators is
crucial
– Challenge for validation (ANSP)
– High risk for SESAR
• Final result of SESAR is not what is
required in OPS room, due to a strong
industrial influence
14.
15. QUESTIONS:
•Who is responsible for the decisions of automation
•Who is responsible in case of failure (redundancy), taking into account that impact of
failure is/might be more damaging
•COTS (commercial off the shelf) and certification?
•ATCOs will decide on scenarios proposed by WHAT IF tools
what happens if ATCO will override the machine or machine overrides ATCO
•Delegation of separation
Can the system be held liable?
What if an aircraft looses it's precision functions
What if something is not working according to scenario brake and vacate does
not work, longer runway occupancy
•Which state will be responsible in case of an accident
A German ATCO controlling the flow of traffic (scenario based) from
Scandinavia to Spain (accident happens over France)
•Who controls the system (fully automated/remote tower) of system
•Who looks out of the tower?
16. There is a lot of prospective work from a legal point
of view needed already now in the development
phase of SESAR and NEXTGEN
Safety will become an inherent property of the
system
Delegation of separation
Automation of separation
No more sovereign airspace in the ATM
management
Failure will have a bigger destruction power
(network effect)
Design will have to cater for the end result
ARE WE (as Aviation community) ready for it?
The reason that the need has become so urgent is that the means exist to phase out air traffic control as we know it.
Controllers will remember that there have been statements since the 1970’s that computers will replace air traffic controllers but these claims have been dismissed as fantasy.
However things have changed over the thirty years since these statements were first made – and now even some of IFATCA’s experts on future ATM are warning that unless action is taken by controllers and service providers that controllers and service providers will be increasingly ignored and eventually (say by 2035) phased out.
Air Traffic Control is increasingly being seen, for example by airline management, as an impediment to efficient operations - and not the enabler of efficient operations. Air traffic control now has to justify its existence.
In explaining its role – both current and future roles – terminology that is understood must be used. It is no longer enough to simply say “for safety” – as safety can be accomplished in various ways. Terminology must evolve so that the role is understood by the people making decisions – and the powerful lobby groups – and most of these have accounting and legal backgrounds and not aviation backgrounds.
Air traffic control has to become much more strategically based in order to deliver the efficiencies expected. Likewise the inability of adjacent service providers being fully interoperable and working together to solve traffic flow problems has to be overcome.
Time is in fact running out quickly.
What has changed? Why is the need so urgent?
Future ATM is in fact on the drawing boards now – or some elements already starting to be used.
The ICAO Global ATM Concept has been accepted for some years now – and now especially “users” are interpreting it as best suits their viewpoint – and they are the main “voices” as controllers and service providers have been almost silent.
For example, mainly airlines have influenced the European Commission to spend vast sums of government money on changing ATM. The recipients of this money include organisations that have a demonstrated ability to initiate considerable change (unlike most service providers). The flight deck has been considerably changed over the last 30 years. The flight engineer has gone, fly-by-wire (once a very novel futuristic idea) has been implemented in a large percentage of commercial airliners, auto-land and auto-take off are being recommended as being more cost effective and perhaps even safer than manual operations, there have been massive improvements in the navigation systems, engines and other aspects of individual aircraft operation. This expertise has been focussed essentially “inside the aircraft” – however now its focus has shifted to “outside the aircraft” or how aircraft interact with other aircraft – and the potential for radical change exists. Think what has happened over thirty years on the flight deck – and now think of that same effort over the next thirty years on ATM.
Another example, which has been experienced around the world, airlines have discovered that by acting together they can more easily and effectively (from their perspective) overcome the problems that they have been asking the service providers for years to fix – but the service providers have not done so. This is especially true when multiple service providers are involved in a particular problem.
In fact, it is not that the alternative to air traffic control as it is today is cheap – but rather than in the light of so little change over so long a time that the airlines in frustration find that solving the problem themselves may be more effective. In addition the perception of the cost of air traffic control – both direct costs and indirect costs – is seen as so significant that airlines are considering that it may be cheaper in the long run for them to do it themselves – and of course get as much government funding for the change as possible.
Holy trinity
The third chapter of the IFATCA Statement is: Human and Technology.
IFATCA has been stressing to outside groups these points:
FIRST of ALL
Controllers are not against change! Controllers are simply not happy with the changes imposed on them – where technology fails to deliver as promised.
SECOND
Humans will be necessary in the operational areas, including Controllers for many years – but as the technology and systems evolve the role of the humans will evolve.
THIRD
In order to meet the increasing safety and other performance targets of ATM, an increasing level of automation will be required – however the human shall at all times remain the manager of and not the servant of the automation. In basic terms this means that the human will choose what is to be done, delegate the execution of the task(s) to the automation and be able to intervene if required. This affects selection, training, recency requirements and possibly even ratings and endorsements.
Representatives of the humans who will operate the automation must be involved throughout the design, simulation, implementation and review of the automation.
IFAT FIRST of ALL
Controllers are not against change! Controllers are simply not happy with the changes imposed on them – where technology fails to deliver as promised.
IFATCA is convinced, and has previously stated, that even with advanced automation starting to be introduced widely, through various projects such as SESAR and NEXTGEN, that in the future there will be a need to have traditionally trained and selected ATCOs in the system until at least 2020. A potential reduction of workforce per movements will not become a reality before 2030 (it is not likely that the numbers of ATCOs will decrease, but rather each ATCO will handle significantly increased numbers of aircraft). So, industry has to accept, and be prepared for the scenario, that a potential reduction in ATCO numbers due to automation will not be possible until after a further generation of ATCOs; (the ATCOs working the future system are currently in pre-school or primary school age or are not yet born!).
During the transition phase from the current to future systems, there is a need for more than the minimum numbers of ATCOs (we have never seen optimum staffing levels) to handle the day-to-day traffic. If SESAR and NEXTGEN are to be introduced in a promising way, then there is a need to involve the current workforce in validation, "modelling", conceptual work and simulation, which all require work outside of the control centers. Further, the introduction of Safety Management Systems and the moving from the current ‘technology driven’ to a ‘performance driven’ approach to ATC will require more experts with an operational background outside of the control centers. We estimate that there is a need for at least an additional 15% above the minimum staff numbers required just to handle the traffic.
SECOND
Humans will be necessary in the operational areas, including Controllers for many years – but as the technology and systems evolve the role of the humans will evolve
Humans and Automation
In order to meet the increasing safety and other performance targets of ATM, an increasing level
of automation will be required – however the human shall at all times remain the manager of (and
not the servant of) the automation. In basic terms this means that the human will choose what is
to be done, delegate the execution of the task(s) to the automation and be able to intervene if
required.
The automation support of the human roles within ATM must be developed and implemented in a
way that fosters trust and confidence by the human in the automation functions. Experience
(both good and bad) regarding the successful implementation of automation to the cockpit will be
used in designing automation in other areas of ATM, especially for air traffic controllers. Highreliability
systems such as fly-by-wire, full automatic landing, etc have been implemented in
aircraft and a similar rigor is required in the development of ground-based automation, especially
when the automation function (or failure) will have consequences for multiple aircraft at a time.
The tasks and nature of human roles within ATM will evolve with the automation. For air traffic
controllers this will involve changes such as reduction/removal of “house-keeping” tasks such as
frequency changes, the delegation of specific tasks or responsibilities to other agents (both
human and automation), adjustments in work-style to support a more strategic trajectory
management traffic flow, changes to the staffing required at positions, etc. It is important to make
sure that the job satisfaction and pride remains high and the overall human experience in the
future system, while different, will not be any less attractive or important than it is today.
The humans’ role in the system will be by design, and not become a residual task such as “the
human does whatever the automation can’t complete”. The ATM system design approach will
ensure that the strengths of the human and of the automation are both maximized while the
weakness of the human and the automation are both minimized. Degraded and Recovery modes
of automation will especially ensure