The document discusses the rise and fall of past empires and nations throughout history including the Babylonian Empire, Greek Empire, Roman Empire, early Islamic Empire, and factors that influenced their success and decline. It argues that strong economy, patriotism, education, constitution, and law and order were important for nations to rise, while issues like improper economic management, lack of unity, failing to continue education, constitution based on personal agendas instead of religion, and weak law and order led to decline. It concludes by suggesting Pakistan must restore investor confidence, reform education, and improve security and legal processes to rise again.

1. The RISE AND FALL OF NATIONS: The Muslim Era Group Members: Fowz Masood (E08-041) Khawaja Ameer Hamza (E08-052) Faizan Suhail (E08-035) Muhammad Nauman (E08-075) Arslan Maqsood Abbasi(E08-021)

7. Expansion in Rightly guided caliphate.

8. Expansion in Umayyad Period

9. Islamic nation today

16. Factors involved in decline of Muslims