A little review literature about the psychosocial impact of the breast cancer in women, speccialy in the moment post-mastectomy, and the importance of the nursing role.
The document discusses several common myths about cancer, including that cancer is contagious, that family history alone determines cancer risk, and that positive thinking can cure cancer. It explains that while some cancers are caused by viruses, cancer itself is not contagious. It also notes that lifestyle factors account for about 40% of cancers, and while family history increases risk, it does not guarantee that someone will develop cancer. The document seeks to dispel misconceptions about cancer treatments, prognoses, and living with cancer.
This document discusses four levels of breast cancer prevention and control: primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primordial prevention aims to discourage risk factors in children through education to reduce obesity and delay menarche. Primary prevention reduces incidence through health promotion, education on modifiable risk factors, lifestyle changes like exercise and diet, and chemoprevention for high-risk groups. Secondary prevention focuses on early diagnosis through screening methods like breast self-exam, mammography, and treatment if cancer is found, such as lumpectomy, mastectomy, and adjuvant therapies.
Breast cancer develops from breast tissue and is one of the most common types of cancer in women. Some signs and symptoms include a lump in the breast, changes to the skin on the breast, or fluid coming from the nipple. Risk factors include female sex, older age, family history, and certain genetic mutations. Diagnosis involves exams, mammograms, and other scans. Treatment options include surgery to remove tumors, medication like chemotherapy or hormone therapy, and radiation.
This document provides information about breast cancer including causes and risk factors, diagnosis, treatment options, and the role of the immune system. It discusses that breast cancer starts in breast tissues and can be ductal or lobular. Risk factors include lack of exercise, poor diet, alcohol, tobacco, and older age. Early detection through mammograms and self-exams is key. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or targeted therapy. The immune system plays a role in limiting cancer growth but may require support through medications during treatment. Support groups and alternative therapies can help patients.
A study of breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah,Kota ...Nurul Natasha Huda
This study aimed to assess breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A questionnaire was distributed to 150 females to gather information on their knowledge of breast cancer risks, symptoms, screening methods, and history of mammography use. The results found that while most respondents knew some breast cancer risks and symptoms, only 40% practiced breast self-exams regularly. Additionally, just 20% had received a prior mammogram. The study concluded that breast cancer awareness and screening practices in this population remain low overall. Increasing education about mammography screening guidelines and availability could help improve early detection.
Here are slides from my 10-minute talk on breast cancer screening for an AACR webinar (Feb 16, 2017). I'll share the webinar link when that becomes available.
Metastatic breast cancer occurs when breast cancer spreads from the breast to other organs in the body such as the bones, liver, lungs or brain. It is considered incurable and treatment aims to prolong life and maintain quality of life through a variety of options. Treatments include hormone therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery depending on the characteristics of the cancer. Patient education is important so individuals understand their options and can properly manage symptoms and treatment side effects. While metastatic breast cancer has no cure, maintaining a positive attitude can help improve quality of life for those living with this chronic disease.
The document discusses several common myths about cancer, including that cancer is contagious, that family history alone determines cancer risk, and that positive thinking can cure cancer. It explains that while some cancers are caused by viruses, cancer itself is not contagious. It also notes that lifestyle factors account for about 40% of cancers, and while family history increases risk, it does not guarantee that someone will develop cancer. The document seeks to dispel misconceptions about cancer treatments, prognoses, and living with cancer.
This document discusses four levels of breast cancer prevention and control: primordial, primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primordial prevention aims to discourage risk factors in children through education to reduce obesity and delay menarche. Primary prevention reduces incidence through health promotion, education on modifiable risk factors, lifestyle changes like exercise and diet, and chemoprevention for high-risk groups. Secondary prevention focuses on early diagnosis through screening methods like breast self-exam, mammography, and treatment if cancer is found, such as lumpectomy, mastectomy, and adjuvant therapies.
Breast cancer develops from breast tissue and is one of the most common types of cancer in women. Some signs and symptoms include a lump in the breast, changes to the skin on the breast, or fluid coming from the nipple. Risk factors include female sex, older age, family history, and certain genetic mutations. Diagnosis involves exams, mammograms, and other scans. Treatment options include surgery to remove tumors, medication like chemotherapy or hormone therapy, and radiation.
This document provides information about breast cancer including causes and risk factors, diagnosis, treatment options, and the role of the immune system. It discusses that breast cancer starts in breast tissues and can be ductal or lobular. Risk factors include lack of exercise, poor diet, alcohol, tobacco, and older age. Early detection through mammograms and self-exams is key. Treatment depends on cancer type and stage but may include surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, or targeted therapy. The immune system plays a role in limiting cancer growth but may require support through medications during treatment. Support groups and alternative therapies can help patients.
A study of breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah,Kota ...Nurul Natasha Huda
This study aimed to assess breast cancer awareness among females in Pasar Siti Khatijah, Kota Bharu, Kelantan. A questionnaire was distributed to 150 females to gather information on their knowledge of breast cancer risks, symptoms, screening methods, and history of mammography use. The results found that while most respondents knew some breast cancer risks and symptoms, only 40% practiced breast self-exams regularly. Additionally, just 20% had received a prior mammogram. The study concluded that breast cancer awareness and screening practices in this population remain low overall. Increasing education about mammography screening guidelines and availability could help improve early detection.
Here are slides from my 10-minute talk on breast cancer screening for an AACR webinar (Feb 16, 2017). I'll share the webinar link when that becomes available.
Metastatic breast cancer occurs when breast cancer spreads from the breast to other organs in the body such as the bones, liver, lungs or brain. It is considered incurable and treatment aims to prolong life and maintain quality of life through a variety of options. Treatments include hormone therapy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery depending on the characteristics of the cancer. Patient education is important so individuals understand their options and can properly manage symptoms and treatment side effects. While metastatic breast cancer has no cure, maintaining a positive attitude can help improve quality of life for those living with this chronic disease.
Breast Cancer Awareness Month - ROJoson's Lecture - 16oct22Reynaldo Joson
This document discusses promoting breast health awareness during Breast Cancer Awareness Month. It covers advisories on breast cancer risk assessment, examination, and screening tests. The author advocates for regular breast self-exams, specialist evaluations, and following screening guidelines based on risk level. Myths about breast cancer causes and diagnostics are debunked. Early detection through awareness, self-exams and medical exams increases chances of successful treatment if cancer is found. Maintaining breast wellness requires education to overcome fear and promote healthy habits.
The document discusses cancer treatment facilities and incidence in Lao PDR. It notes that Lao PDR does not have cancer registries or adequate cancer treatment facilities. Patients must travel to neighboring countries for surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The most common cancers are estimated to be lung, stomach, liver and colorectal cancers in males and breast, cervical, stomach and colorectal cancers in females based on data from Vietnam. The document calls for increasing cancer awareness, training medical professionals, and establishing basic cancer treatment facilities in Lao PDR.
According to Dr. Vo Dang Hung, Director of TMMC Healthcare's Oncology Center. Breast Cancer is the most popular cancer among women. Know your risks and get frequent Breast Cancer Screenings to protect yourself.
Breast cancer is a disease where breast cells grow out of control, affecting over 200,000 people per year in the US, most commonly in those over age 50. The document outlines the main types of breast cancer, symptoms, risk factors, screening recommendations including mammograms, and various treatment options like surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and radiation. Screening is important to check for breast cancer before any problems arise, with mammograms recommended every two years for women ages 50-74.
For more information, visit https://www.timberlandmedical.com
Timberland Medical Centre is a private hospital that has been in operation since 1994. We are strategically located at the 3rd Mile roundabout on Jalan Rock, Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Our hospital is 10 minutes from the Kuching International Airport and 15 minutes from the Central Bus Terminal. We continually seek to improve and upgrade our services and facilities, as we strive to provide the best medical care for our patients and customers.
Why go for Early Breast Cancer Screening?Anita Arora
In cases of breast cancer there are numerous inevitable factors that lead to its onset like aging, genetic disorders and gender. Being a female is a big risk factor as the presence of estrogen and progesterone can result in breast cancer cells growth. In such cases early detection and breast cancer screening goes a long way in ensuring that the patient can undergo a successful treatment.
This document discusses breast cancer awareness and prevention. It notes that many young girls are unaware of their risk of breast cancer. Regular self-exams and clinical exams starting at age 20 along with annual mammograms after age 40 can help detect cancer early. While several factors increase breast cancer risk, 80% of breast lumps are benign and 90% of early-stage cancers are curable. The document provides information on risk factors, symptoms to watch for, screening recommendations, and statistics on breast cancer.
The document discusses breast cancer awareness and prevention. It notes that 13.2% of women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime, making it the second most common cancer in women after skin cancer. The text provides information on breast self-exams, risk factors, myths and facts about the disease. It also profiles several famous women who fought breast cancer and encourages annual clinical exams and healthy lifestyle practices to reduce risks.
Breast cancer is a disease where cells in the breast grow out of control. There are two main types: invasive ductal carcinoma, where cancer cells grow outside the ducts into the breast tissue, and invasive lobular carcinoma, where cells spread from the lobules into nearby breast tissue.
The incidence of breast cancer is higher in developed nations due to dietary and lifestyle factors, though rates are increasing in developing countries as well. Risk factors include lack of breastfeeding, lower parity, and shorter duration of breastfeeding. Warning signs include new lumps, skin changes, nipple discharge, and breast or nipple pain. Evaluation involves clinical exams, mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy. Self breast exams are important for early
Breast Cancer Prevention with Physical Activity and ExerciseDarryl Edwards
How breast cancer can be prevented through physical activity and exercise.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer globally what can we do to help prevent it? What are the main risk factors? What are the roles of physical activity and exercise in breast cancer prevention?
View the full post at: https://www.primalplay.com/blog/the-benefits-of-physical-activity-for-breast-cancer-prevention
A 45-year-old woman presented with cervical cancer. She had a history of multiple sexual partners and smoking. Her recent Pap smear showed atypical cells and a repeat test confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Scans showed the disease had spread widely in her pelvic cavity. Her diagnoses included decisional conflict about treatment, pain from metastasis and surgery, and risk for skin issues from radiation. Her plan was to receive radiation therapy while managing pain and skin integrity. She was referred to support groups to help her cope.
There are two groups of women referred for breast imaging - asymptomatic women who undergo screening mammography to detect small abnormalities, and women with symptoms who receive diagnostic mammography and additional imaging of areas of concern. Mammography is the most sensitive exam for early breast cancer detection in women age 40 and over. Breast cancer risk increases with age and family history, and screening mammography can reduce mortality by detecting cancers earlier.
Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control and can begin in different parts of the breast such as the lobules, ducts, or connective tissue. Signs of breast cancer include breast lumps, nipple discharge, or changes in breast appearance. Risk factors include being female, increasing age, family history, obesity, alcohol consumption, and not being physically active. Prevention methods consist of maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, limiting alcohol intake, and avoiding unnecessary radiation exposure. In Iraq, breast cancer rates have been increasing from 2000-2009 with the highest incidence rates among women ages 50-59.
This document discusses cancer causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that cancer is the second leading cause of death in most Western countries. The causes of cancer vary and can include genetic and environmental factors like chemicals, viruses, radiation, and inherited genes. Symptoms depend on the cancer type but may include lumps, changes in moles or bowel habits, bleeding, cough, or general symptoms like weight loss. Diagnosis involves screening tests, imaging, biopsies, and determining how far cancer has spread. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and palliative care, with the goal of curing early-stage cancers when possible or slowing cancer growth and relieving symptoms.
Awareness session on breast cancer awareness on 21st oct 2021 at Mehran university, Jamshoro organized by American institute of Chemical engineering society AIChE MUET chapter
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. In India, rates are increasing, with one woman being diagnosed every four minutes. Breast cancer incidence is rising in younger Indian women between ages 30-40. There are several types of breast cancer, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the most common globally and in India. Indian women experience significant psychosocial distress from breast cancer due to factors such as fear of recurrence, changes to body image, and relationship and employment issues. More efforts are needed in India to increase awareness of breast cancer risks, screening, and support services to help reduce the physical and emotional burden of the disease.
Breast Cancer Awareness Month - ROJoson's Lecture - 16oct22Reynaldo Joson
This document discusses promoting breast health awareness during Breast Cancer Awareness Month. It covers advisories on breast cancer risk assessment, examination, and screening tests. The author advocates for regular breast self-exams, specialist evaluations, and following screening guidelines based on risk level. Myths about breast cancer causes and diagnostics are debunked. Early detection through awareness, self-exams and medical exams increases chances of successful treatment if cancer is found. Maintaining breast wellness requires education to overcome fear and promote healthy habits.
The document discusses cancer treatment facilities and incidence in Lao PDR. It notes that Lao PDR does not have cancer registries or adequate cancer treatment facilities. Patients must travel to neighboring countries for surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy. The most common cancers are estimated to be lung, stomach, liver and colorectal cancers in males and breast, cervical, stomach and colorectal cancers in females based on data from Vietnam. The document calls for increasing cancer awareness, training medical professionals, and establishing basic cancer treatment facilities in Lao PDR.
According to Dr. Vo Dang Hung, Director of TMMC Healthcare's Oncology Center. Breast Cancer is the most popular cancer among women. Know your risks and get frequent Breast Cancer Screenings to protect yourself.
Breast cancer is a disease where breast cells grow out of control, affecting over 200,000 people per year in the US, most commonly in those over age 50. The document outlines the main types of breast cancer, symptoms, risk factors, screening recommendations including mammograms, and various treatment options like surgery, chemotherapy, hormone therapy and radiation. Screening is important to check for breast cancer before any problems arise, with mammograms recommended every two years for women ages 50-74.
For more information, visit https://www.timberlandmedical.com
Timberland Medical Centre is a private hospital that has been in operation since 1994. We are strategically located at the 3rd Mile roundabout on Jalan Rock, Kuching, Sarawak, East Malaysia. Our hospital is 10 minutes from the Kuching International Airport and 15 minutes from the Central Bus Terminal. We continually seek to improve and upgrade our services and facilities, as we strive to provide the best medical care for our patients and customers.
Why go for Early Breast Cancer Screening?Anita Arora
In cases of breast cancer there are numerous inevitable factors that lead to its onset like aging, genetic disorders and gender. Being a female is a big risk factor as the presence of estrogen and progesterone can result in breast cancer cells growth. In such cases early detection and breast cancer screening goes a long way in ensuring that the patient can undergo a successful treatment.
This document discusses breast cancer awareness and prevention. It notes that many young girls are unaware of their risk of breast cancer. Regular self-exams and clinical exams starting at age 20 along with annual mammograms after age 40 can help detect cancer early. While several factors increase breast cancer risk, 80% of breast lumps are benign and 90% of early-stage cancers are curable. The document provides information on risk factors, symptoms to watch for, screening recommendations, and statistics on breast cancer.
The document discusses breast cancer awareness and prevention. It notes that 13.2% of women will be diagnosed with breast cancer in their lifetime, making it the second most common cancer in women after skin cancer. The text provides information on breast self-exams, risk factors, myths and facts about the disease. It also profiles several famous women who fought breast cancer and encourages annual clinical exams and healthy lifestyle practices to reduce risks.
Breast cancer is a disease where cells in the breast grow out of control. There are two main types: invasive ductal carcinoma, where cancer cells grow outside the ducts into the breast tissue, and invasive lobular carcinoma, where cells spread from the lobules into nearby breast tissue.
The incidence of breast cancer is higher in developed nations due to dietary and lifestyle factors, though rates are increasing in developing countries as well. Risk factors include lack of breastfeeding, lower parity, and shorter duration of breastfeeding. Warning signs include new lumps, skin changes, nipple discharge, and breast or nipple pain. Evaluation involves clinical exams, mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy. Self breast exams are important for early
Breast Cancer Prevention with Physical Activity and ExerciseDarryl Edwards
How breast cancer can be prevented through physical activity and exercise.
Breast cancer is the most common cancer globally what can we do to help prevent it? What are the main risk factors? What are the roles of physical activity and exercise in breast cancer prevention?
View the full post at: https://www.primalplay.com/blog/the-benefits-of-physical-activity-for-breast-cancer-prevention
A 45-year-old woman presented with cervical cancer. She had a history of multiple sexual partners and smoking. Her recent Pap smear showed atypical cells and a repeat test confirmed squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. Scans showed the disease had spread widely in her pelvic cavity. Her diagnoses included decisional conflict about treatment, pain from metastasis and surgery, and risk for skin issues from radiation. Her plan was to receive radiation therapy while managing pain and skin integrity. She was referred to support groups to help her cope.
There are two groups of women referred for breast imaging - asymptomatic women who undergo screening mammography to detect small abnormalities, and women with symptoms who receive diagnostic mammography and additional imaging of areas of concern. Mammography is the most sensitive exam for early breast cancer detection in women age 40 and over. Breast cancer risk increases with age and family history, and screening mammography can reduce mortality by detecting cancers earlier.
Breast cancer is a disease in which cells in the breast grow out of control and can begin in different parts of the breast such as the lobules, ducts, or connective tissue. Signs of breast cancer include breast lumps, nipple discharge, or changes in breast appearance. Risk factors include being female, increasing age, family history, obesity, alcohol consumption, and not being physically active. Prevention methods consist of maintaining a healthy weight, regular exercise, limiting alcohol intake, and avoiding unnecessary radiation exposure. In Iraq, breast cancer rates have been increasing from 2000-2009 with the highest incidence rates among women ages 50-59.
This document discusses cancer causes, risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It notes that cancer is the second leading cause of death in most Western countries. The causes of cancer vary and can include genetic and environmental factors like chemicals, viruses, radiation, and inherited genes. Symptoms depend on the cancer type but may include lumps, changes in moles or bowel habits, bleeding, cough, or general symptoms like weight loss. Diagnosis involves screening tests, imaging, biopsies, and determining how far cancer has spread. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and palliative care, with the goal of curing early-stage cancers when possible or slowing cancer growth and relieving symptoms.
Awareness session on breast cancer awareness on 21st oct 2021 at Mehran university, Jamshoro organized by American institute of Chemical engineering society AIChE MUET chapter
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. In India, rates are increasing, with one woman being diagnosed every four minutes. Breast cancer incidence is rising in younger Indian women between ages 30-40. There are several types of breast cancer, with invasive ductal carcinoma being the most common globally and in India. Indian women experience significant psychosocial distress from breast cancer due to factors such as fear of recurrence, changes to body image, and relationship and employment issues. More efforts are needed in India to increase awareness of breast cancer risks, screening, and support services to help reduce the physical and emotional burden of the disease.
Treatment of breast cancer by chemotherapy AsifaKanwal1
This document discusses the treatment of breast cancer using chemotherapy. It begins with an introduction to breast cancer, its causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and general treatment options. It then focuses on chemotherapy as a treatment, describing the different types of chemotherapy drugs used to treat breast cancer like doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and epirubicin. It discusses how these drugs work and their common side effects. The document provides details on chemotherapy regimens and administration methods like intravenous or oral routes. Overall, it provides a comprehensive overview of chemotherapy as a treatment for breast cancer.
1. Breast cancer develops from mutations in genes controlling cell growth and health. Abnormal cells divide uncontrollably, forming tumors that can be benign or malignant.
2. Malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread via the lymphatic system to other parts of the body. Breast cancer refers specifically to malignant tumors in the breast.
3. Treatment plans consider cancer type, stage, hormone sensitivity, and patient history. Early detection through education and screening as well as primary and adjuvant therapies can help improve outcomes for breast cancer.
The human being is fighting against several types of cancer for decades. Breast cancer is something that is spreading its claw day by day. Not only women but men also have this deadly cancer. Nusuki always has worked for the social cause, and this time it is no different too. In this October, as known as the month of International Breast Cancer Month, Nusuki is taking a step forward to support the person with breast cancer.
Breast cancer develops from breast tissue and is one of the most common types of cancer in women. Some signs and symptoms include a lump in the breast, changes to the skin on the breast, or fluid coming from the nipple. Risk factors include female sex, older age, family history and certain genetic mutations. Diagnosis involves exams, mammograms, and other scans. Treatment options include surgery to remove tumors, medication like chemotherapy or hormone therapy, and radiation therapy.
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters...
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters...
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters...
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference!
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundationsemualkaira
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters..
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters.
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation a...semualkaira
As an Obstetrics & Gynaecology, member of National Breast Cancer Foundation and a woman I find it very important to raise awareness about the importance of early detection of Breast Cancer. Make a difference! Spread the word about mammograms and encourage communities, organisations, your friends and family memebrs to get involved! Your help matters...
A study of lifestyle of women in breast cancer in kailash cancer hospital and...Samit Shah
This document summarizes a study conducted on women with breast cancer at the Kailash Cancer Hospital and Research Center in Goraj, India. The study was conducted by Archana Bhatt and Anita Rakhe to fulfill their master's degree requirements. It examines the situation of women diagnosed with breast cancer, including their physical and mental health, family support, and treatment experiences. Key findings included that most participants were illiterate and complained of tumors in their breasts. The document provides context on breast cancer risks, symptoms, screening and theories of progression. It aims to understand patient experiences and provide recommendations to support women's healthy and happy lives.
Running head INEFFECTIVE CANCER TREATMENTS LEADING TO DEATHS1.docxcowinhelen
Running head: INEFFECTIVE CANCER TREATMENTS LEADING TO DEATHS 1
INEFFECTIVE CANCER TREATMENTS LEADING TO DEATHS 18
Ineffective Cancer treatments leading to deaths
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Abstract
The main focus of the report will be to research on the various methods through which cancer can be treated with a keen eye on why some methods are ineffective and lead to death. A discussion on different cancer treatment will be done followed by the types of cancer that cause millions of death today. Presentation of answers to the research questions will be done in line with ineffective cancer treatment methods. Relevant literature review will be conducted and used to support the claims of ineffective cancer treatments. Lastly, recommendations on the best cancer treatment will be done.
Introduction
Cancer is an ailment caused by the unrestrained division of abnormal cells in the body. The cancer cells are malignant meaning they can spread from the origin to distant organs and tissues. The disease can be genetically hereditary hence can be crossed over from one generation to another. Some of the forms of cancer treatment include targeted therapy, hormone therapy, chemotherapy, precision medicine, surgery, immunotherapy, and stem cell transplant. Some of the common types of this disease include lung, liver, stomach, and bowel cancers.
Cancer is also called as malignancy which means abnormal cells growth. More than 100 types of cancer are found in this world today, including breast cancer (widely spread among women), skin cancer (found in the person of almost every age), lung cancer (common among smokers), colon cancer, lymphoma and prostate cancer. Each kind of cancer has varying symptoms. Cancer differs with respect to the cell it affects first. The uncontrollable division of cells harm the body and form lumps and the masses of tissues which are known as tumors. The tumor grows in size and sometimes even intervene the digestive system, circulatory system, excretory system and nervous system. In the case of leukemia, cancer inhibits the normal blood functioning which is caused due to the abnormal cell division into the blood stream. Cancer also causes the systems of the body to secrete hormones that alter the body functioning. Tumors that do not grow and remain limited to one spot are considered to slightly less harmful and benign. The sign of the more dangerous and malignant cells is:
1. The harmful cancerous cells move from one spot to another throughout the body using blood as a medium and invade the organs and the healthy tissues of the body.
2. These cells grow and divide rapidly, they make blood vessels of their own which are used by them in the process of feeding, called as angiogenesis.
Then comes a stage is known as metastasized in which the tumor spread successfully to the other parts of the body, penetrating into the healthy tissues of the body and damaging them badly. The process is known as metastasis. It cause ...
Cancer is caused by uncontrolled cell growth and can affect people of all ages. While genetics play a small role, environmental factors are responsible for the vast majority of cancers. Some known causes of cancer include tobacco use, certain infections, radiation, poor diet/obesity, and environmental pollutants. There is no single cause of cancer for most individuals, as cancer is usually the result of multiple factors. Certain inherited genetic mutations do significantly increase cancer risk for some people. Prolonged exposure to carcinogens like asbestos can also cause specific types of cancer. Overall, cancer remains a major public health problem worldwide.
Women face several common health issues and risks. Their reproductive systems make them prone to infections, fibroids, cysts, and cancers. The top five health problems for women are heart disease, polycystic ovarian syndrome, osteoporosis, depression, and cancer. Heart disease risks include obesity, stress, and inactivity. PCOS causes cysts on the ovaries and related issues. Osteoporosis weakens bones over time. Depression is linked to hormonal and lifestyle factors. Cancers like breast and cervical cancer are also major risks. Screening, lifestyle changes, and awareness can help reduce risks.
The Ecology of Breast Cancer - The Promise of Prevention and the Hope for Hea...v2zq
This chapter discusses the history of perspectives on breast cancer and argues that an ecological or systems perspective is most appropriate. Breast cancer has been documented since ancient Egypt, but its causes were not well understood. Early theories focused on humoral imbalances or localized factors. Later, hormones and the host environment were recognized as important influences. Currently, some view cancer as a disease of aberrant cells while others argue it is a tissue-based disease involving changes in the cellular environment. An ecological perspective acknowledges cancer as a multi-factorial, multi-stage process resulting from interactions between genetic and environmental factors at multiple levels.
Breast cancer is the type of cancer that starts in the breast. It can start in one or both breasts. Cancer starts when cells begin to grow out of control. It is important to understand that most breast lumps are benign and not cancer.
Breast cancer starts in the breast tissue and can spread to other parts of the body. There are two main types: ductal carcinoma, which starts in the ducts, and lobular carcinoma, which starts in the lobules. Symptoms vary but may include breast swelling, nipple discharge, breast pain, and breast lumps. Risk factors include gender, age, family history, dense breast tissue, and radiation exposure. Treatment options are surgery to remove the breast, chemotherapy using drugs to stop cancer cell growth, and radiation therapy using x-rays or implants to kill cancer cells. Prevention methods include limiting alcohol, controlling weight, and breastfeeding.
Similar to The psychosocial impact of the breast cancer patients (20)
Muktapishti is a traditional Ayurvedic preparation made from Shoditha Mukta (Purified Pearl), is believed to help regulate thyroid function and reduce symptoms of hyperthyroidism due to its cooling and balancing properties. Clinical evidence on its efficacy remains limited, necessitating further research to validate its therapeutic benefits.
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune DiseaseHealth Advances
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Basavarajeeyam is a Sreshta Sangraha grantha (Compiled book ), written by Neelkanta kotturu Basavaraja Virachita. It contains 25 Prakaranas, First 24 Chapters related to Rogas& 25th to Rasadravyas.
Adhd Medication Shortage Uk - trinexpharmacy.comreignlana06
The UK is currently facing a Adhd Medication Shortage Uk, which has left many patients and their families grappling with uncertainty and frustration. ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, is a chronic condition that requires consistent medication to manage effectively. This shortage has highlighted the critical role these medications play in the daily lives of those affected by ADHD. Contact : +1 (747) 209 – 3649 E-mail : sales@trinexpharmacy.com
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
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Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
The psychosocial impact of the breast cancer patients
1. THE PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT OF THE BREAST CANCER PATIENTS
POST-MASTECTOMY
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n this theoretical work, my subject is the psychosocial impact of the breast cancer patients, especially in the
moment of the post-mastectomy. The breast cancer can be defined as an overgrowth of breast cells. This type of
cancer can grow in the cells that line the ducts or in the cells that line the lobules. The lobule is the gland where
occur the milk production and the duct does the connexion between the lobule and the nipple. Breast cancer can start in
other tissues, but this is more uncommon.
All tumours can be classified in benign or malign. In benign tumours, there are a growth abnormally of the cells and
the formation of the lump. This type of tumour doesn't grow up uncontrollably and doesn't metastasize to other parts of the
body. The fibro adenoma is the most common benign breast tumour; it can be treatable through the simple surgery that
removes the lump. In malign tumours, the cancer cells can be able to spread beyond the breast. For example, a simple one
cancer cell can grow up and develop another cancer cells. After this, they invade surrounding tissues and can spread through
the lymph nodes, and metastasize to other sites of the body, and the probability of forming other tumour is highest.
The breast cancer can be classified in two types, according to its origin: ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma.
Another way to classify the breast cancer is through the potential of invasion or not. For example, the ductal carcinoma can
be divided in ductal carcinoma in situ or invasive ductal carcinoma. In ductal carcinoma in situ, there are the growth of cancer
cells inside of the duct, while in the invasive ductal carcinoma, these cancer cells can invade the surrounding tissues of the
duct, and provoke the metastasis of the tumour. The same happens in the lobular carcinomas. There are another types of
breast cancer, but they are more uncommon.
The worldwide incidence of the female breast cancer has been increasing over the years. The countries with the
highest rate of this type of cancer are United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. In Europe, the first three
countries with the highest rate of female breast cancer are Belgium, Denmark and France, with more than 120 cases per
100.000 women.
There are many risk factors that increase the probability of the female breast cancer. The most common are: the
gender, the most significant risk factor for developing breast cancer is being a woman; the age, the probability to have a
diagnosis of breast cancer increases exponentially with the age, especially after the 50 years old; hormonal factors, such as
exposure to the oestrogen and progesterone hormones for long and uninterrupted periods, nulliparity, first pregnancy after
the age 30, not having breastfed or breastfeeding, early menstruation (before age 12) and late menopause (after age 50);
previous breast conditions, such as background of the breast tumours; family history, especially in the first and seconddegree relatives, in clinical backgrounds of the mother, sister or aunt; and non-reproductive lifestyles factors, such as
overweight or obesity, diet rich in fats, sedentary life, addictions, like drugs, tobacco or alcohol consumption, shift work and
radiation exposure, for example in medical exams like X-rays.
The treatment of the breast cancer can be done in different ways, such as the surgery, the chemotherapy, the
radiotherapy and the hormonal therapy. There are many types of surgery, according to the stage of the breast cancer, but
the most common are the mastectomy and the lumpectomy. In the mastectomy, occurs the removal of the breast and the
lymph nodes. The procedure of the mastectomy can be done in different ways, according with the stage of the breast
cancer. Therefore, if the lymph nodes aren't metastasized, the surgeon just removes the breast. In lumpectomy, it's just
removed the lump and surrounding tissues. This surgery is done through the little incision in the lump area.
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2. All process of the breast cancer doesn't affect just the physical side; it provokes a great psychosocial impact in these
women, and they experience many feelings and emotional changes. The most common feelings that they experience are
the stress, the anxiety and the fear. They can have many reasons for the fear, such as: the treatment and the consequences
of that; the impact that this condition can provoke in their life; the pain; the recurrence, to other words, the probability the
live this experience again; and the death. In many cases of female breast cancers, these feelings provoke mental diseases,
like depression.
The adaptation to a new body image is the big challenge to these women. Many women may feel differently about
their body post-mastectomy. And this aspect have the great psychosocial impact because, in many cultures, the breast
symbolize the femininity, for it sexual and attractive meaning, and the reproduction, through the meaning of life, the
experience of the motherhood and the area where is done the procedure of the breastfeeding. With the loss of the breast,
they may feel too the loss of their identity as a woman.
The reintegration in family life and the rehabilitation work are two other challenges in women' life. During the
experience of the breast cancer, they loss their individual's roles. The marital role is one of the most significant changes.
Breast cancer's treatments have many physical consequences, such as the loss of breast, the loss of hair, with the use of the
chemotherapy, and the increase of the weight, consequence too the decrease of the physical activity. Women feel
uncomfortable with their self image, and, consequently, it can provoke conflicts in the couple. It is common the decrease of
the sexual satisfaction and the loss of the sexual attraction. In some cases, husbands don't want touch in the woman's
breast. In other cases, the women don't want to be touched in this area. Other individual's roles have challenges, such as the
familiar role, with less presence with the family during this transition; professional role, with the loss of the job; and social
role.
The way that they lead with this condition is through the coping strategies. The coping strategies are ways that
people use to solve their problems and manage their stress. In breast cancer condition, the most typically coping strategies
are the negation, the revolt, the isolation, the depression, and, at the end, the acceptance of their condition. The most of
these coping strategies have a wrong use by the women. Therefore, all of the psychosocial impact, with the using of wrong
coping strategies, provokes a destruction of quality of life, being urgent an adequate nursing care.
The nursing role is very important in the care of the women with breast cancer. The goals of nursing intervention
must be: the encouragement of the women changes their psychosocial aspects, the upgrade of the current lifestyle and the
improvement of the quality of life. Nurses should provide an atmosphere of acceptance, openness and availability as well as
privacy for patient. The promotion of the calm and quiet environment is very important too. Nurses must explore with these
women previous methods of dealing with life problems and encourage to identify their own strengths and abilities. The
nurses should also encourage the women with breast cancer to communicate, specifically to talk about their feelings and
fears. Nurses must arrange social support, involving the husband, family and friends in the care. And, at the end, nurses
should encourage the participation in breast cancer support groups.
To finish, women with breast cancer suffer, besides of the physical side, a great psychosocial impact, that can be
solved for the better way with the support of the multidisciplinary team, including the nursing care, that will arrange
strategies to the patient have a better quality of life.
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3. REFERENCES:
American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer Facts & Figures 2011-2012. Atlanta: American Cancer Society,
Inc, 2012.
American Cancer Society. Breast Cancer. Atlanta: American Cancer Society, Inc, 2013;
Arroyo, J.; López, M. Psychological Problems Derived from Mastectomy: A Qualitative Study. International
Journal of Surgical Oncology. 2011;
Compas, B.; Luecken, L. Psychosocial Adjustment to Breast Cancer. American Psychological Society.
2002;
Dahl, C.; Reinersten, K.; Nesvold, I. A Study of Body Image in Long-Term Breast Cancer Survivors. Journal
Cancer. 2010;
Fallbjork, U.; Rasmussen, B.; Karlsson, S.; Salander, P. Aspects of body image after mastectomy due to
breast cancer e A two-year follow-up study. European Journal of Oncology Nursing. 2012;
Gumus, A.; Çam, O. Effects of Emotional Support-Focused Nursing Interventions on the Psychosocial
Adjustment of Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention, Vol. 9, 2008;
National Cancer Institute. What you need to know about breast cancer. National Institutes of Health. 2012;
Paiva, L.; Dantas, D; Silva, F. [et. al]. Body image and sexuality of women who underwent a radical
mastectomy: integrative review. Journal of Nursing UFPE Online, 2013;
Shoma, A. [et. al]. Body image disturbance and surgical decision making in Egyptian post menopausal
breast cancer patients. World Journal of Surgical Oncology, 2009.
Name: Mónica Soares Pinto Roque
Date: Wednesday, 13th November 2013
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