This document discusses different methods of assessment including objective tests, subjective tests, performance tests, oral reasoning, observation, and self-reports. It provides examples and purposes of each method. Objective tests have single correct answers and are used to evaluate factual knowledge. Subjective tests are evaluated through opinions, examples, or rubrics. Performance tests evaluate skills through activities. Oral reasoning and observation are used to assess critical thinking and behavior. Self-reports evaluate learning through student reflections. The key principle is that the assessment method should match the stated learning objectives.

1. b. The Principle of
Appropriateness of
Assessment

2. Evaluation procedures and techniques
should be selected in terms of the
clearly stated objectives
(Gronlund, 1991 )

3. The clearer the objectives are in
teacher’s mind, the greater the
chance of making a wise decision to
choose appropriate assessment
procedures and techniques in
assessing students’ learning.

4. General formats of
assessment Instruments
1. Objective test
2. Subjective test
3. Performance test
4. Oral Reasoning
5. Observation
6. Self Reports

5. Objective test
are those that require one and
only one correct answer and no
other possible answers.
Reganit, et al. (2004)
is made up of items for which
correct responses maybe set up in
advance

6. Type of objective test item
formats
1. Supply type
2. Matching type
3. Alternative-response type
4. Labeling
5. Enumeration
6. Multiple Choice

7. Subjective test
are evaluated by giving an opinion
about the issue, concept, ideas and
the like.
Example:rubrics
Test reliability
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8. Performance test
this test is used when the objective
of the lesson requires that at the end
of the lesson the students are
required to perform in an activity.
Determine whether students have
acquired the necessary skills to do the
tasks in the learning activity.

9. Oral Reasoning
when the instructional objectives
states that “at the end the lesson,
pupils orally defend their stand on the
issue.
Determine students’ critical
thinking and other meta-cognitive
processes and oral presentation

10. Observation
Reed and Bergemann (2001)
is one of effective means of
learning...... how students respond to
the learning environment.
this can be done by teacher, co-
students or even by parents.

11. Example:
Observation checklist or Rating scales
Determine students’ performance,
behaviour, skills, values, and
achievement.
these are considered as non-test
assessment instrument
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12. Self-Reports
students may be required to write
personal opinions, journals and
reflections about the learning activity.
evaluate whether or not these students
have learned the concepts though in the
classroom.
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13. it also contain personal account of
students’ participation and involvement in
the teaching and learning processes.
the teachers practice this method,
comply with the requirement that
“evaluation should allow students to
evaluate themselves”
(ipsative assessment)

14. Thank you for
listening!!!!!!