This study is a qualitative research with case study strategy that aims to describe the understanding of Mathematics teacher about the learning process based on 2013 Curriculum (K13) 2017 Revision. The subjects of this study are a Mathematics teacher who has status as a Civil Servant and Honorary at SMAN 1 Wuryantoro, Wonogiri Regency. The result of this study is generally, the understanding of the two Mathematics teachers about the learning process based on K13 2017 Revision have been appropriate to the guidelines K13 2017 Revision by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Indonesia. However, the Honorary teacher's understanding of the learning process has not been appropriate to the Assessment Guidelines by Educators and the High School Education.
The purpose of this study is to find out the critical thinking skills indicators and aspects of prospective elementary school teachers in mathematics-science integration lectures on electrical circuits and mathematical logic lesson. This research uses random sampling technique in which 30 first semester students were chosen randomly from one of university in Padang region West Sumatera Indonesia. This research uses Research and Development (R & D). The critical thinking skills are seen from processes, observations, and tests. The process of critical thinking skills of prospective elementary school teachers on the average of critical thinking skills indicator is 84% in strategies and tactics, 80% in advanced clarification and 83% in elementary clarification, basic support, and inference. The result of observing the critical thinking skills of prospective elementary school teachers on the average of each lectures is significantly increased to be 81.9%. The results of pre-test and post-test were increased significantly. It is shown from N-gain of 0.7 to be medium category.
The main obstacle of children with special needs to advance is access to education as high as possible not to the disability, but to social acceptance of the community. This study aims 1) To determine the acceptability of children with special needs in the inclusive elementary school environment. It includes principals, teachers, learners, and parents. 2) To determine the factors those influence the acceptance of children with special needs in the inclusive elementary school environment. This is an interactive qualitative research. The research site is Wirosaban Elementary School, Yogyakarta City. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis technique is analytic descriptive data analysis. The results show: 1) Acceptability of children with special needs in inclusive school environment is quite good after going through various processes. School trying to accept children with special needs even though the school realized its service on some things still not maximal 2) There are four factors that affect the school environment perception of children with special needs. These factors are: knowledge and insight factor on inclusive education, b. environmental support factor outside the school, c. facilities factor, d. the persistence factor of the guardians of the special needs students.
This exploratory study was aimed at evaluating a module on the basis of the constructivist learning strategies to enhance the students’ motivation in Statistics learning. The design and development followed the Universal Design of Learning principles. The design included flexible instructional materials, techniques, and strategies for differentiating instruction which benefited the students of English Education Department taking the Statistics course. The study used a survey covering of 33 students. The students’ and teacher’ responses to questionnaires revealed that the students’ motivation and satisfaction increased toward the Statistics course in which Universal Design of Learning using various means of representation, action, and engagement was applied. It also suggested that the module was effective and that the Universal Design of Learning Model from the learners’ viewpoint put more emphasis on instruction. Its content was suitable in designing and developing module on Statistics in the higher educational context in Indonesia. The study results are expected to reveal information on how to further improve the Statistics teaching and learning quality. The implications of the research are provided along with suggestions.
This research aims to understand the influence process of science skill and motivation learning with creativity learn. Data about the process of scince skill, motivation and creativity learn collected by test questioner instrument. Data analysis with regression analysis and correlation. Research shows that: There is the influence of skill process of science to the process of creativity learn with correlation coefficient r=0.634, there is the influence of motivation learn students to creativity learning with correlation coefficient r=0.55, the process of science skills and motivation to study for students influence of creativity learn with correlation coefficient r=0.935. This study concluded that skill process of science and the motivation to study student could creative learning.
Critical thinking of students is needed in 21st century learning, the fact is the acquisition in the field is still low. Therefore this study aims to improve students' critical thinking skills using the inquiry model assisted with the ethnoconstructivism module. Methodology uses a quantitative design of a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design with a total sample of 64 students taken by purposive sampling technique. There were significant differences in terms of students' critical thinking between the control class and the experimental class. It can be underlined that the inquiry model with ethnoconstructivism has a significant influence on the way students think about cultural values compared to traditional groups.
This research aimed to analyze the effectivity of students’ worksheet based on multiple representation in order to increase creative thinking skills for second years students of junior high school. It used quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group design. The population of this research was students of class VII SMPN 3 Langsa, academic year of 2017/2018. Then, the samples were students of class VII-1 and VII-2 elected using simple random sampling method. Basically, the effectivity can be seen from students’ creative thinking skills analyzed by using average n-gain and independent sample T test. Furthermore, the result showed that there was an average difference for n-gain and significant score between control class and experiment class. Therefore, the students’ worksheet based on multiple representations can be used for increasing creative thinking skills of students.
The purpose of this study was to investigate student scientific attitudes toward civic education lesson through inquiry-based learning. The samples in this study were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Interactive data analysis consists of two stages: data collection and data display. The data were gathered by observation and interviews. Statistical results indicated that the student scientific attitudes towards civic education were a positive. Inquiry-based learning enhances student scientific attitude, where the most visible indicator of scientific attitudes is students' curiosity. Building scientific attitude can provide a logical solution to the problem student faced in their daily life and has scientific thinking skills. Creating and using science concepts related to students’ lives and interests will provide opportunities for a student to build their scientific attitude through meaningful learning activities. Scientific attitudes are grown through a series of experiences that students discover on their own during the learning process.
An Inquiry-based approach (IBA) is a teaching approach that promotes students' active learning and inquiry. This study examined the effectiveness of IBA as a tool for teaching Geography and explored the students' perceptions when they were taught using IBA. The investigation was carried out in one secondary school in Brunei Darussalam. A total of twenty students aged between 15 to 16 years old were selected as participants. This research adopted a qualitative approach using an action research. Data was collected from lesson observations, focus group interview, and achievement tests. The findings showed that there were remarkable improvements in the students' achievement tests. IBA successfully had helped students to develop some personal and inter-personal skills and encouraged them to become independent learners. However, there were some issues identified in this study. Obtaining information for their research was a challenge for many students, as they had limited access to computers and the Internet outside the school. The findings also revealed that the role of the teacher as the facilitator in IBA could be a challenge to the teacher herself.
The purpose of this study is to find out the critical thinking skills indicators and aspects of prospective elementary school teachers in mathematics-science integration lectures on electrical circuits and mathematical logic lesson. This research uses random sampling technique in which 30 first semester students were chosen randomly from one of university in Padang region West Sumatera Indonesia. This research uses Research and Development (R & D). The critical thinking skills are seen from processes, observations, and tests. The process of critical thinking skills of prospective elementary school teachers on the average of critical thinking skills indicator is 84% in strategies and tactics, 80% in advanced clarification and 83% in elementary clarification, basic support, and inference. The result of observing the critical thinking skills of prospective elementary school teachers on the average of each lectures is significantly increased to be 81.9%. The results of pre-test and post-test were increased significantly. It is shown from N-gain of 0.7 to be medium category.
The main obstacle of children with special needs to advance is access to education as high as possible not to the disability, but to social acceptance of the community. This study aims 1) To determine the acceptability of children with special needs in the inclusive elementary school environment. It includes principals, teachers, learners, and parents. 2) To determine the factors those influence the acceptance of children with special needs in the inclusive elementary school environment. This is an interactive qualitative research. The research site is Wirosaban Elementary School, Yogyakarta City. Data collection techniques are interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis technique is analytic descriptive data analysis. The results show: 1) Acceptability of children with special needs in inclusive school environment is quite good after going through various processes. School trying to accept children with special needs even though the school realized its service on some things still not maximal 2) There are four factors that affect the school environment perception of children with special needs. These factors are: knowledge and insight factor on inclusive education, b. environmental support factor outside the school, c. facilities factor, d. the persistence factor of the guardians of the special needs students.
This exploratory study was aimed at evaluating a module on the basis of the constructivist learning strategies to enhance the students’ motivation in Statistics learning. The design and development followed the Universal Design of Learning principles. The design included flexible instructional materials, techniques, and strategies for differentiating instruction which benefited the students of English Education Department taking the Statistics course. The study used a survey covering of 33 students. The students’ and teacher’ responses to questionnaires revealed that the students’ motivation and satisfaction increased toward the Statistics course in which Universal Design of Learning using various means of representation, action, and engagement was applied. It also suggested that the module was effective and that the Universal Design of Learning Model from the learners’ viewpoint put more emphasis on instruction. Its content was suitable in designing and developing module on Statistics in the higher educational context in Indonesia. The study results are expected to reveal information on how to further improve the Statistics teaching and learning quality. The implications of the research are provided along with suggestions.
This research aims to understand the influence process of science skill and motivation learning with creativity learn. Data about the process of scince skill, motivation and creativity learn collected by test questioner instrument. Data analysis with regression analysis and correlation. Research shows that: There is the influence of skill process of science to the process of creativity learn with correlation coefficient r=0.634, there is the influence of motivation learn students to creativity learning with correlation coefficient r=0.55, the process of science skills and motivation to study for students influence of creativity learn with correlation coefficient r=0.935. This study concluded that skill process of science and the motivation to study student could creative learning.
Critical thinking of students is needed in 21st century learning, the fact is the acquisition in the field is still low. Therefore this study aims to improve students' critical thinking skills using the inquiry model assisted with the ethnoconstructivism module. Methodology uses a quantitative design of a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest non-equivalent control group design with a total sample of 64 students taken by purposive sampling technique. There were significant differences in terms of students' critical thinking between the control class and the experimental class. It can be underlined that the inquiry model with ethnoconstructivism has a significant influence on the way students think about cultural values compared to traditional groups.
This research aimed to analyze the effectivity of students’ worksheet based on multiple representation in order to increase creative thinking skills for second years students of junior high school. It used quasi-experiment with nonequivalent control group design. The population of this research was students of class VII SMPN 3 Langsa, academic year of 2017/2018. Then, the samples were students of class VII-1 and VII-2 elected using simple random sampling method. Basically, the effectivity can be seen from students’ creative thinking skills analyzed by using average n-gain and independent sample T test. Furthermore, the result showed that there was an average difference for n-gain and significant score between control class and experiment class. Therefore, the students’ worksheet based on multiple representations can be used for increasing creative thinking skills of students.
The purpose of this study was to investigate student scientific attitudes toward civic education lesson through inquiry-based learning. The samples in this study were selected using stratified random sampling technique. Interactive data analysis consists of two stages: data collection and data display. The data were gathered by observation and interviews. Statistical results indicated that the student scientific attitudes towards civic education were a positive. Inquiry-based learning enhances student scientific attitude, where the most visible indicator of scientific attitudes is students' curiosity. Building scientific attitude can provide a logical solution to the problem student faced in their daily life and has scientific thinking skills. Creating and using science concepts related to students’ lives and interests will provide opportunities for a student to build their scientific attitude through meaningful learning activities. Scientific attitudes are grown through a series of experiences that students discover on their own during the learning process.
An Inquiry-based approach (IBA) is a teaching approach that promotes students' active learning and inquiry. This study examined the effectiveness of IBA as a tool for teaching Geography and explored the students' perceptions when they were taught using IBA. The investigation was carried out in one secondary school in Brunei Darussalam. A total of twenty students aged between 15 to 16 years old were selected as participants. This research adopted a qualitative approach using an action research. Data was collected from lesson observations, focus group interview, and achievement tests. The findings showed that there were remarkable improvements in the students' achievement tests. IBA successfully had helped students to develop some personal and inter-personal skills and encouraged them to become independent learners. However, there were some issues identified in this study. Obtaining information for their research was a challenge for many students, as they had limited access to computers and the Internet outside the school. The findings also revealed that the role of the teacher as the facilitator in IBA could be a challenge to the teacher herself.
In many schools, the vision mission just "exists" and not become a guideline especially implementation of learning. The school just execute school routine without knowing the meaning of implementation. This is unfortunate, because the vision and mission are a unique destination that covers the activity and can be utilized as the power of quality of the service organization. How is the capacity of school management in developing the vision and mission? The goal of the research is to describe and analyze the capacity of school management in developing the vision and mission. This study used a qualitative approach with case studies. Data collection methods used are interviews, observation, and study of the document/artifact. The validity of the data is done with credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results show that schools which establish vision and mission based on noble values of the founders have a strong base for the development.
Despite its central place in the mathematics curriculum the notion of mathematical proof has failed to permeate the curriculum at all scholastic levels. While the concept of mathematical proof can serve as a vehicle for inculcating mathematical thinking, studies have revealed that students experience serious difficulties with proving that include (a) not knowing how to begin the proving process, (b) the proclivity to use empirical verifications for tasks that call for axiomatic methods of proving, and (c) resorting to rote memorization of uncoordinated fragments of proof facts. While several studies have been conducted with the aim of addressing students’ fragile grasp of mathematical proof the majority of such studies have been based on activities that involve students reflecting and expressing their level of convincement in arguments supplied by the researchers, thereby compromising the voice of the informants. Further, research focus has been on the front instead of the back of mathematics. Hence, there is a dearth in research studies into students’ thinking processes around mathematical proof that are grounded in students’ own proof attempts. Therefore current investigations should aim at identifying critical elements of students’ knowledge of the notion of proof that are informed by students’ actual individual proof construction attempts.
This research aimed to find out the constraints occurring in the implementation of craft and entrepreneurship education. This research employed qualitative research method. The research was taken place in three schools in DKI Jakarta as the beneficiaries of entrepreneurship program grant from the government. Data was collected through interview and observation. The result of research showed the less optimum implementation of craft and entrepreneurship education. The constraints the teacher encountered in the implementation of Craft and Entrepreneurship subject were: teacher having no background of Entrepreneurship Education, No Subject Teacher Discussion (MGMP) group available and no supporting activity for Craft and Entrepreneurship subject. Therefore, this research recommended the reinforcement of entrepreneurship education learning through establishing MGMP team, teacher training, and sustainable integration of entrepreneurship subject and program.
Assessment of Prospective Teachers Attitudes towards Teaching Profession: The...iosrjce
Quality education is an indispensable instrument for national development. However the provision of
quality education depends largely on the quality of teachers. Similarly, teacher education programme is
designed to produce teacher with requisite training and sound professional background which requires a
favourable attitude and certain specific competencies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the
Northwest University, Kano prospective teachers’ attitudes towards profession of teaching. Field of study,
gender and level of study’s influence on their attitude were also examined. A descriptive survey design was
adopted with a sample of 220 prospective teachers selected using a stratified random sampling technique.
Professional Attitude Scale for Prospective Teachers (PASPT) constructed and validated by the researchers was
used to collect data. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Independent Sample t-test
to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that prospective teachers have positive
attitude towards the profession. Similarly, asignificant gender difference was observed in their attitudes towards
the profession. However theresults further showed no significant difference in the prospective teachers’
attitudes towards the profession in relation to field of study and level of study.The implication is that,
thisfavourable attitude towards teaching profession will bring about professional competence in the future
practice.The study recommended among others, that further study should be conducted to investigate the factors
responsible for the favourable or unfavourable attitude of prospective teachers towards teaching profession
which will provide an insight on how stakeholders can bring attitudinal change towards the teaching profession.
Students’ Engagement in Scientific Approach Based Learning and Its Effect on ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of research & method in education. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced research & method in education concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Inquiries into the nature and effects of cognitive and learning style constructs are mounting daily, regardless of criticism and confusion about the boundaries, natures and to some extent overlapping issues of these two constructs. These issues raise several questions about the credibility of these two constructs with regard to further research, application and development. Therefore, there is a need to crystallize their natures to pave the way for further research and for a better understanding of individual’s learning. The current scientific review strengthens the concept of these two constructs as separate and independent, each contributing in its own way to different fields of human learning. Both constructs have different histories and schools of thought directed toward different ends. The relationship of these constructs undeniably establishes their usefulness and value as research subjects. However, specific concerns is required in defining cognitive and learning styles which may hinder the credibility and usefulness of further research, including valid and reliable measurements, cohesive theory, application oriented studies, use of multiple methods in research, and the origin and development of these constructs. This article explores the discourse in these fields and highlights potential issues with the constructs to assist researchers in constructing a more comprehensive understanding of the research framework.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
Impact of Reading Behaviour on Teacher Efficacy among Arts and Science Colleg...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of research & method in education. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced research & method in education concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
The previous research result showed that the learning model based on the investigation could increase the students’ critical thinking skills. The aim of this research was to measure the effectiveness of the using of problem-based learning model to increase the students’ critical thinking skills. The research design was quasi-experiment by using post-test only design. The population of this research was the eleventh grade students of science which contained 124 students of SMAN 6 and SMAN 7 Kupang that were chosen randomly. The treatment that was given in this research was problem-based learning model for the experiment class and conventional model for the control class whereas the given materials were the reaction rate. The instrument that was used in this research previously validated by two experts of theory and material. The result of this research showed that the students who studied in experiment class had different critical thinking skills better that the students who studied using conventional model.
Cognitive dimensions development is one of the objective of education. This research aimed to identify the structure, evaluate the focus, analyze the conformity toward the referred adoption standard, and evaluate the emphasis of thinking skill order of cognitive processes in the e-textbook for 4th grade students. Evaluation was carried out for the curriculum 2013 e-textbooks published in 2014, including theme 2, 3 and 4. Identification of cognitive process dimensions was carried out using revised Bloom’s taxonomy, while the conformity was anayzed using Alzu’bi’s preference. Statistical analysis was carried out with chi-square test. The result showed that the structure of cognitive dimensions in three examined e-textbooks were not consistent one another. Theme 2 emphasized on the high order thinking skill focused on the creating dimension. Theme 3 emphasized on the low order thinking skill focused on the understanding dimension. While theme 3 facilitated both thinking skill orders with a little tendency to the evaluating dimension. There was no conformity of the cognitive dimensions structure of the three themes toward the referred adoption standard. Statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference on the structure of cognitive dimensions between themes, and between each themes and the referred adoption standard.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions of students from high school, who are the current generation Z, about the accounting profession. This study uses questionnaires that are shared online with data processing using factor analysis and one way ANOVA different tests. The comparison test was done between indicators of grade, major, school type, as well as variables, which include structure, precision, solitary, interest, and remaining variables. The interest in the accounting profession is found in social students (from high schools) and business administration students (from vocational schools). Other results also show that students in Private Vocational and Public High Schools have the most significant potential to be interested in the accounting profession. This research is limited to different test methods. Future studies can conduct a causal analysis of the factors that influence the choice of students in choosing the accounting profession. This research contributes to the investigation of students' perceptions of the accounting profession, which was conducted for the first time in Indonesia, especially in secondary schools in East Java.
This study aimed to produce a suitable module to improve the understanding
of environmental care concepts and attitudes of fourth-grade elementary
school students and determine the module’s effectiveness. The data
collection instruments consisted of a teacher interview guide, a student
preliminary study questionnaire, a media expert validation questionnaire,
material and instrument experts, a teacher response questionnaire, a student
response questionnaire, and environmental care attitude assessment
questionnaire, and a concept understanding ability test. The feasibility
assessment uses assessments from media experts, learning material experts,
and learning instruments. The practicality assessment of the module consists
of a teacher response questionnaire and a student response questionnaire.
The data analysis of the module’s effectiveness on the ability to understand
the concept and attitude of caring for the environment was analyzed using
the t-test and MANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of
the study showed that: i) The module met the eligibility criteria based on the
results of assessments from media experts, learning materials experts, and
learning instruments that get an assessment in the “very feasible” category to
use; ii) The module met the practicality criteria based on the results of the
teacher response questionnaire assessment and the student response
assessment questionnaire who received an assessment in the “very feasible”
category; iii) The module was effective in increasing students’
understanding of concepts and environmental care attitudes. The
effectiveness is shown from the t-test and MANOVA test results with a
significance level of 0.001.
The study investigated the effectiveness of the project writing training
developed and implemented for pre-service primary teachers. A case study
was adopted in the research. The participants of the study were 17 students
of the department of primary school teaching at nine different universities in
Turkey. In this context, an online project preparation training was given to
participant pre-service primary teachers. The prepared training was
presented to pre-service teachers as theoretical and practical. At the end of
this process, pre-service teachers were provided to prepare project proposals
under the guidance of academic consultancy. A semi-structured interview
form developed by the researchers was used to collect the research data. The
obtained data were subjected to descriptive and content analysis. Within the
scope of the research, it was determined that the participant pre-service
teachers had positive opinions about the planning of the developed education
and its contribution to them. It was concluded that some of the participants
had negative opinions about the duration, timing and onlineness of
the training.
This qualitative research emphasized learning strategies in the process of full
engagement by students and discovering the implementation of learning,
science process skills, and learners' creativity. The selection of contextual
teaching and learning methods due to teachers having a role more in strategy
affairs while learners were more focused on self-actualization of practice in
their groups. Here, there was an interaction between teachers and learners to
complement each other. The participant was student of class five Elementary
School/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ma'arif 37 Sunan Kalijogo, Ambulu, Jember
Regency, Indonesia. Methods of data collection were interviews,
observations, and documentation. Data collection was related to natural
science subjects. The study results showed the procedures for implementing
contextual teaching and learning in natural science subjects. Applying
contextual teaching and learning methods was very effective in natural
science subjects. The findings of this study showed that improving the
quality of learning and learning support facilities can realize the ability of
competence of students and teacher professionalism.
In many schools, the vision mission just "exists" and not become a guideline especially implementation of learning. The school just execute school routine without knowing the meaning of implementation. This is unfortunate, because the vision and mission are a unique destination that covers the activity and can be utilized as the power of quality of the service organization. How is the capacity of school management in developing the vision and mission? The goal of the research is to describe and analyze the capacity of school management in developing the vision and mission. This study used a qualitative approach with case studies. Data collection methods used are interviews, observation, and study of the document/artifact. The validity of the data is done with credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results show that schools which establish vision and mission based on noble values of the founders have a strong base for the development.
Despite its central place in the mathematics curriculum the notion of mathematical proof has failed to permeate the curriculum at all scholastic levels. While the concept of mathematical proof can serve as a vehicle for inculcating mathematical thinking, studies have revealed that students experience serious difficulties with proving that include (a) not knowing how to begin the proving process, (b) the proclivity to use empirical verifications for tasks that call for axiomatic methods of proving, and (c) resorting to rote memorization of uncoordinated fragments of proof facts. While several studies have been conducted with the aim of addressing students’ fragile grasp of mathematical proof the majority of such studies have been based on activities that involve students reflecting and expressing their level of convincement in arguments supplied by the researchers, thereby compromising the voice of the informants. Further, research focus has been on the front instead of the back of mathematics. Hence, there is a dearth in research studies into students’ thinking processes around mathematical proof that are grounded in students’ own proof attempts. Therefore current investigations should aim at identifying critical elements of students’ knowledge of the notion of proof that are informed by students’ actual individual proof construction attempts.
This research aimed to find out the constraints occurring in the implementation of craft and entrepreneurship education. This research employed qualitative research method. The research was taken place in three schools in DKI Jakarta as the beneficiaries of entrepreneurship program grant from the government. Data was collected through interview and observation. The result of research showed the less optimum implementation of craft and entrepreneurship education. The constraints the teacher encountered in the implementation of Craft and Entrepreneurship subject were: teacher having no background of Entrepreneurship Education, No Subject Teacher Discussion (MGMP) group available and no supporting activity for Craft and Entrepreneurship subject. Therefore, this research recommended the reinforcement of entrepreneurship education learning through establishing MGMP team, teacher training, and sustainable integration of entrepreneurship subject and program.
Assessment of Prospective Teachers Attitudes towards Teaching Profession: The...iosrjce
Quality education is an indispensable instrument for national development. However the provision of
quality education depends largely on the quality of teachers. Similarly, teacher education programme is
designed to produce teacher with requisite training and sound professional background which requires a
favourable attitude and certain specific competencies. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the
Northwest University, Kano prospective teachers’ attitudes towards profession of teaching. Field of study,
gender and level of study’s influence on their attitude were also examined. A descriptive survey design was
adopted with a sample of 220 prospective teachers selected using a stratified random sampling technique.
Professional Attitude Scale for Prospective Teachers (PASPT) constructed and validated by the researchers was
used to collect data. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics and Independent Sample t-test
to test the hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. Findings revealed that prospective teachers have positive
attitude towards the profession. Similarly, asignificant gender difference was observed in their attitudes towards
the profession. However theresults further showed no significant difference in the prospective teachers’
attitudes towards the profession in relation to field of study and level of study.The implication is that,
thisfavourable attitude towards teaching profession will bring about professional competence in the future
practice.The study recommended among others, that further study should be conducted to investigate the factors
responsible for the favourable or unfavourable attitude of prospective teachers towards teaching profession
which will provide an insight on how stakeholders can bring attitudinal change towards the teaching profession.
Students’ Engagement in Scientific Approach Based Learning and Its Effect on ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of research & method in education. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced research & method in education concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
Inquiries into the nature and effects of cognitive and learning style constructs are mounting daily, regardless of criticism and confusion about the boundaries, natures and to some extent overlapping issues of these two constructs. These issues raise several questions about the credibility of these two constructs with regard to further research, application and development. Therefore, there is a need to crystallize their natures to pave the way for further research and for a better understanding of individual’s learning. The current scientific review strengthens the concept of these two constructs as separate and independent, each contributing in its own way to different fields of human learning. Both constructs have different histories and schools of thought directed toward different ends. The relationship of these constructs undeniably establishes their usefulness and value as research subjects. However, specific concerns is required in defining cognitive and learning styles which may hinder the credibility and usefulness of further research, including valid and reliable measurements, cohesive theory, application oriented studies, use of multiple methods in research, and the origin and development of these constructs. This article explores the discourse in these fields and highlights potential issues with the constructs to assist researchers in constructing a more comprehensive understanding of the research framework.
International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
Impact of Reading Behaviour on Teacher Efficacy among Arts and Science Colleg...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSRJRME) is an open access journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of research & method in education. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced research & method in education concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas.
The previous research result showed that the learning model based on the investigation could increase the students’ critical thinking skills. The aim of this research was to measure the effectiveness of the using of problem-based learning model to increase the students’ critical thinking skills. The research design was quasi-experiment by using post-test only design. The population of this research was the eleventh grade students of science which contained 124 students of SMAN 6 and SMAN 7 Kupang that were chosen randomly. The treatment that was given in this research was problem-based learning model for the experiment class and conventional model for the control class whereas the given materials were the reaction rate. The instrument that was used in this research previously validated by two experts of theory and material. The result of this research showed that the students who studied in experiment class had different critical thinking skills better that the students who studied using conventional model.
Cognitive dimensions development is one of the objective of education. This research aimed to identify the structure, evaluate the focus, analyze the conformity toward the referred adoption standard, and evaluate the emphasis of thinking skill order of cognitive processes in the e-textbook for 4th grade students. Evaluation was carried out for the curriculum 2013 e-textbooks published in 2014, including theme 2, 3 and 4. Identification of cognitive process dimensions was carried out using revised Bloom’s taxonomy, while the conformity was anayzed using Alzu’bi’s preference. Statistical analysis was carried out with chi-square test. The result showed that the structure of cognitive dimensions in three examined e-textbooks were not consistent one another. Theme 2 emphasized on the high order thinking skill focused on the creating dimension. Theme 3 emphasized on the low order thinking skill focused on the understanding dimension. While theme 3 facilitated both thinking skill orders with a little tendency to the evaluating dimension. There was no conformity of the cognitive dimensions structure of the three themes toward the referred adoption standard. Statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference on the structure of cognitive dimensions between themes, and between each themes and the referred adoption standard.
The purpose of this study is to analyze the perceptions of students from high school, who are the current generation Z, about the accounting profession. This study uses questionnaires that are shared online with data processing using factor analysis and one way ANOVA different tests. The comparison test was done between indicators of grade, major, school type, as well as variables, which include structure, precision, solitary, interest, and remaining variables. The interest in the accounting profession is found in social students (from high schools) and business administration students (from vocational schools). Other results also show that students in Private Vocational and Public High Schools have the most significant potential to be interested in the accounting profession. This research is limited to different test methods. Future studies can conduct a causal analysis of the factors that influence the choice of students in choosing the accounting profession. This research contributes to the investigation of students' perceptions of the accounting profession, which was conducted for the first time in Indonesia, especially in secondary schools in East Java.
This study aimed to produce a suitable module to improve the understanding
of environmental care concepts and attitudes of fourth-grade elementary
school students and determine the module’s effectiveness. The data
collection instruments consisted of a teacher interview guide, a student
preliminary study questionnaire, a media expert validation questionnaire,
material and instrument experts, a teacher response questionnaire, a student
response questionnaire, and environmental care attitude assessment
questionnaire, and a concept understanding ability test. The feasibility
assessment uses assessments from media experts, learning material experts,
and learning instruments. The practicality assessment of the module consists
of a teacher response questionnaire and a student response questionnaire.
The data analysis of the module’s effectiveness on the ability to understand
the concept and attitude of caring for the environment was analyzed using
the t-test and MANOVA test with a significance level of 0.05. The results of
the study showed that: i) The module met the eligibility criteria based on the
results of assessments from media experts, learning materials experts, and
learning instruments that get an assessment in the “very feasible” category to
use; ii) The module met the practicality criteria based on the results of the
teacher response questionnaire assessment and the student response
assessment questionnaire who received an assessment in the “very feasible”
category; iii) The module was effective in increasing students’
understanding of concepts and environmental care attitudes. The
effectiveness is shown from the t-test and MANOVA test results with a
significance level of 0.001.
The study investigated the effectiveness of the project writing training
developed and implemented for pre-service primary teachers. A case study
was adopted in the research. The participants of the study were 17 students
of the department of primary school teaching at nine different universities in
Turkey. In this context, an online project preparation training was given to
participant pre-service primary teachers. The prepared training was
presented to pre-service teachers as theoretical and practical. At the end of
this process, pre-service teachers were provided to prepare project proposals
under the guidance of academic consultancy. A semi-structured interview
form developed by the researchers was used to collect the research data. The
obtained data were subjected to descriptive and content analysis. Within the
scope of the research, it was determined that the participant pre-service
teachers had positive opinions about the planning of the developed education
and its contribution to them. It was concluded that some of the participants
had negative opinions about the duration, timing and onlineness of
the training.
This qualitative research emphasized learning strategies in the process of full
engagement by students and discovering the implementation of learning,
science process skills, and learners' creativity. The selection of contextual
teaching and learning methods due to teachers having a role more in strategy
affairs while learners were more focused on self-actualization of practice in
their groups. Here, there was an interaction between teachers and learners to
complement each other. The participant was student of class five Elementary
School/Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Ma'arif 37 Sunan Kalijogo, Ambulu, Jember
Regency, Indonesia. Methods of data collection were interviews,
observations, and documentation. Data collection was related to natural
science subjects. The study results showed the procedures for implementing
contextual teaching and learning in natural science subjects. Applying
contextual teaching and learning methods was very effective in natural
science subjects. The findings of this study showed that improving the
quality of learning and learning support facilities can realize the ability of
competence of students and teacher professionalism.
Value clarification technique (VCT) and teaching and contextual learning (CTL) are learning models that are rarely compared in history learning. Hence, the purpose of this study was to find: i) The differences in student learning outcomes using the VCT model and the CTL learning model; ii) Differences in student learning outcomes between the use of the VCT learning model and CTL learning model for students who have high learning motivation; iii) Differences in learning outcomes between the use of VCT and CTL learning models for students who have low learning motivation; and iv) The interaction effect between the use of learning models and students' learning motivation on learning outcomes. This study employed a quasi-experimental quantitative approach with a 2×2 factorial design. The data analysis technique used a two-way analysis of variance at a significance level (α) of 0.05. The population in this study was all students of class X of social science (IPS). The study's research showed that: i) There were significant differences in learning outcomes between students who used the VCT and CTL learning models; ii) There were differences in learning outcomes between the used of the VCT and CTL learning models for students who have high learning motivation; iii) There were differences in learning outcomes between the used of the VCT and CTL learning models for students who have low learning motivation; and iv) The used of the VCT and CTL learning models for students with high learning motivation was associated with better learning outcomes.
The purpose of this research is to know the teaching material condition in classes and the need of PBL-based on civic education; to know the development of PBL-based civic education; to know the effectiveness of PBLbased civic education for fourth-grade students of elementary school as textbooks to improve students’ civic knowledge. This book is written based on PBL syntax as a student learning activity. The method of this research uses Borg and Gall techniques modified by Sukmadinata which consists of three namely preliminary study, product development, and product effectiveness test. The result of this research is the necessary analysis on preliminary study. It shows that the civic material based on PBL is needed in the teaching learning process as a companion book. The validation result in product development trials indicates appropriateness. In the effectiveness experiment shows that there are differences and get it if the development between pre-test and posttest in the experiment class is more than control class. Therefore, the teaching material civic education is highly effective to improve the civic knowledge of students.
This study aims to identify publication trends and recommendations for problem-based science learning research in elementary schools. We used a mixed-methods research design in which descriptive, qualitative, and bibliometric analyses were used to look at the data. We selected the sample by using the purposive sampling technique. Secondary data contains Sintaindexed research articles published in the Google Scholar database. Data were analyzed using content analysis and the VOS-Viewer. The results of the analysis show that between 2017 and 2021, 98 articles have been published with the keywords [problem-based learning] and [IPA or science learning] in national and international journals with research settings in Indonesia. Most publications occurred in 2020. The keywords that appear the most in the published articles obtained are [problem-based learning], [learning outcomes], [critical thinking skills], and [science learning]. The keyword [Tri Hita Karana], or three causes of well-being, appears, but with weak nodes. These keywords appear in many publications whose research settings are in Bali because they are ethnoscientific findings from that area. Weak nodes have several conjectures, namely that this theme has been researched to saturate or that research on this theme is still rarely carried out. This research contributes ideas for future research involving the theme of problem-based learning in science.
Teaching Design Strategies in Higher Educationijtsrd
Higher education is one such activity which can convert population into human resource. Country's strength in the world today is its young population and will determine its future progress. Education not only improves the facilities and skills of people but also dramatically contributes to their physical well being. The new teaching pedagogy lays emphasis on applying higher level thinking skills through relevant design projects, improving team working skills and awareness of issues relating to ethics and professionalism. Outcome based educational experience to the students at all levels. Teaching design technology in the classroom can combine a personalized learning experience for each student, based on each student's strengths. But active learning technologies also reduce the teaching workload in higher level education. This paper starts with nature of higher education statement and the motivation for this study. Next, teaching design strategies, learning paradigm, theories, evaluation performance are described. Analysis of teaching techniques and conclusion are followed in the last section. Moe Moe Thu | Reenu | Su Wityi Aung "Teaching Design Strategies in Higher Education" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-5 , August 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd26602.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/education/26602/teaching-design-strategies-in-higher-education/moe-moe-thu
Advances in technology and the implementation of online learning require
all parties in educational institutions, especially teachers, to be able to use
technology. Digital literacy skills are needed to support the learning process.
The purpose of this study was to measure the digital literacy skills of
teachers through the Rasch model from a gender perspective during the
coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic at Senior High
School/Madrasah Aliyah Negeri Palembang, Indonesia. A quantitative
research method using Rasch analysis was applied. The results showed that
the ability of teachers in digital literacy can be categorized as very high
(three people), high (28 people), moderate (63 people), and low (two people)
and showed that there are no question items that only favor one of the
genders. The results showed that the male teachers in this study had a lower
level of digital literacy skills than the female teachers.
Instructional media functioning to deliver the lesson has a very important role. There are a lot of instructional media used in learning process; one of those is interactive multimedia. This study aims to find out students response toward game based interactive media as instructional media in elementary school. The method used in this study was descriptive qualitative. The sample in this study was 10 students 5th grade elementary school. The data collecting methods were interview, observation and questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed by using interactive analysis consist of data collecting, data reduction, data presenting and conclusion. The result of this study shows that the student gave a good response toward game-based interactive multimedia. The students like and support the use of game based interactive multimedia as instructional media. Students felt that it was easier to understand lesson because the lesson was delivered not only through text, but also picture, audio, video and animation. The game in interactive media make the student be entertained and active in learning process. It is suggested that the teacher cooperate with the expert in education technology to improve interactive multimedia as interaction media.
Knowledge, skills, and attitudes of teachers in developing critical thinking
skills are very much needed to train students' basic thinking skills.
This descriptive quantitative study described the knowledge, skills, and
attitudes of teachers in developing critical thinking skills in elementary
school students. The data collection employed a questionnaire with a Likert
scale. The questionnaire was distributed online using Google Form during
teacher professional development training. Respondents in this study were
366 elementary school teachers spread across 23 provinces in Indonesia. The
data obtained were analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. The results of
this study indicated the knowledge, skills, and attitudes of teachers in
developing critical thinking in elementary school students are a good
category. Description knowledge, skills, and attitudes of a good teacher
impact the designed learning process. However, this study only described
teachers' knowledge, skills, and attitudes in developing critical thinking
skills, which the basis for implementing learning in elementary schools. The
application of critical thinking learning by elementary school teachers can be
used for further research.
This study was intended to depict how Critical Literacy Pedagogy (CLP) principles were incorporated in EFL reading class in Indonesian secondary school and the students’ Critical Thinking (CT) were fostered during learning process. This study was a classroom practice-based model of how the principles were transferred into the detailed teaching syntax in an Islamic senior high school in West Java Indonesia. As a case study elaborating how a phenomenon happened, this study explored teaching steps, teacher-students dialogues, questions and the way the questions posed reflecting students’ CT skills, and students’ engagement in the learning process. The use of Indonesian folklores containing controversy predicted to enable students develop their thinking skills became novelty of the study. In addition, three times interventions were designed in which each intervention consisted of (a) teaching critical thinking concept explicitly and implicitly, (b) seven steps of teaching reading procedure incorporating CLP principles (explaining author’s purpose, activating students’ prior knowledge, reading text loudly, discussing text in group, exploring the text in class activities in which Critical Literacy Questions and CT Questions are incorporated, answering comprehension questions in group, and reflection, and (c) CT skills discussion. This study provides an alternative model of teaching CT in Indonesia context.
This study purposed to investigate researching anxiety of pre-service teachers
that might want to explain why they are able to learn successfully in the
context of difference in program of study. There were 15 pre-service teachers
in M.Ed. program of teaching science and mathematics voluntary
participated. Learning Anxiety Questionnaire (LAQ) was employed their
anxiety towards learning through Google Form. The study revealed that preservice
teachers
had
anxiety
at
medium
level.
However,
some
of
item
present
they
had
different
level
of
anxiety.
The
effective
learning
for
decreasing
level
anxiety
needs
to
be
more
discussed.
Teacher Professional Competence and Elementary School Student Creativity in S...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: The implementation of the 2013 Curriculum in the primary school education system in
Indonesia aims to develop students' creativity as one of the 21st-century skills. This research describes the
correlation between the teachers’ professional competence and the primary school students’ creativity. The
problem in this research is whether the students’ creativity is correlated with the teachers’ professional
competence in primary schools. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires to 1281 students in 26
primary schools. The teachers’ professional competence questionnaire consists of 6 items while the students’
creativity questionnaire consists of 14 items. The research samples were taken at simple random. The data
analysis method used Spearman correlation description analysis. Based on the results of the Spearmen
correlation test, it was found that: (1) there was a significant correlation between the teachers’ professional
competence and the elementary school students’ creativity; (2) category of correlation between the teachers’
professional competence and the students’ creativity was weak; (3) the direction of the correlation between the
teachers’ professional competence and the students’ creativity was positive. The correlation between the
teachers’ pedagogic competence and the students’ creativity shows the need for efforts to increase the teachers’
professional competence to increase the primary school students’ creativity.
KEYWORDS -competence, creativity, primary school, professional, teacher
This study aimed to produce a learning path that can help students
understand the concept of percent using the context of an egg rack. This
study used a design research method through the Indonesian Realistic
Mathematics Education approach which was carried out at Elementary
School No. 2 Gumawang, Indonesia. Data were obtained through
observation, photos, video recordings, student activity sheets, and field
documentation. The result of the research was a learning trajectory
consisting of three activities; first, students explore their knowledge of egg
racks which are very close to students' self-life, secondly, students change
the problem into a bar form based on students' knowledge of egg racks, then
students change the problem into fractions and students change the fraction
with the denominator one hundred, third, students solve the percent problem
in a more complicated form. The activities that have been produced and
tested on percent learning using the context of an egg rack, can help students
to better understand the concept of percent.
In the 21st-century, we need a generation who can read and face the challenges of the times. The research aimed to master patterns of science with the next generation science standards (NGSS) standards of junior high school students in north coastal areas of Java Island. The research method is quantitative expose-facto and subjects were 228 students determined by purposive sampling. The students who come from Tegal, Pekalongan, Pati and Demak Regencies north coastal Java Island, Indonesia. The results showed a significant difference between the achievement of students in Tegal, Pekalongan, Pati, and Demak Regencies (p=0.012; ∝=0.05). Based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, there was a significant difference between the groups of students’ achievements in mastery of science oriented NGSS. It can be concluded that the achievement among students from four different regions is quite significant. Students from families with middle and upper economic levels have low achievement but students with low economic levels have high academic achievement.
Biology learning in the 21st century leads to the empowerment of metacognitive skills. Increased metacognitive skills can support concept understanding and maximize the students’ retention of concepts. This research aimed at investigating the effect of project-based learning strategy on metacognitive skills, concept understanding and retention of class X students of Senior High School 1 Kairatu, West Seram District, Maluku. This research is a quasi-experimental research using pre test-post test nonequivalent control group design. The samples of this research were all students of classX1 of Senior High School 1 Kairatu. The data obtained in this research were the learning results of metacognitive skills, concept understanding, and retention of the students. The data were analyzed by using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The research results showed that the implementation of project-based learning strategy had a significant effect on students’ metacognitive skills, concept understanding, and retention. Furthermore, the results of post hoc LSD test showed some differences in the notation between the project-based learning strategy and the conventional learning strategy. These results indicated that the learning stages of projectbased learning strategy could empower the students’ metacognitive skills, concept understanding, and retention.
This study examined the effect of Guided-Discovery (GD) technique on
Colleges of Education Social Studies students’ learning outcome in Nigeria.
The study employed 2x2x2 randomized research design. A total of 100
students participated in the study, consisted of 50 GD and 50 Lecture
Technique. Social Studies Performance Tests (SSPT) was used to collect
data. It was designed using National Commission for Colleges of Education
curriculum and validated by four Social Studies experts. The reliability value
of 0.82 was obtained for the instrument using Cronbach Alpha. ANOVA and
t-test were used for data analyses. This study found that GD technique of
teaching Social Studies was next in producing higher significant effect in
students’ learning outcome than LT. Gender has no significant interactive
effect on students’ learning outcome in Social Studies. The mode of entry
had no significant interactive effect in the learning outcome of Colleges of
Education Social Studies Students. The study concluded that GD was found
to be more effective in enhancing Social Studies Students’ learning outcome
in Colleges of Education. It was recommended that GD technique should be
used in teaching Social Studies in Colleges of Education.
Similar to The mathematics teachers' understanding of learning process based on 2013 curriculum 2017 revision (20)
This study aimed to i) analyse learning problems in science at boarding schools for junior high school students and ii) determine the effectiveness of science learning in the context of Islamic teachings using the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, -religion (STEM-R) approach to improve reflective and critical thinking skills. The research method applied in this study was a sequential exploratory mixed method. The research design consisted of five stages: i) qualitative data gathering, ii) qualitative data analysis, iii) quantitative data gathering, iv) quantitative data analysis, and v) data interpretation. The subjects of this study were 192 students from boarding schools and were divided into 6 groups. The research results obtained were the school, parents, science teachers and religion teachers’ vision and mission causing students to like or dislike science. An excellent teacher is viewed by students as someone who can make learning enjoyable, exhibit creativity in presenting educational material, possess the ability to motivate, link science and religion, engage in investigative activities, infuse humour, establish connections between science and everyday life, and communicate concepts effectively. Moreover, distinctions in reflective thinking and critical thinking abilities were observed between the experimental group and the control group. Learning that connects science and Islamic religion and examines STEM-R aspects is able to develop students' thinking skills.
This study aims to reveal the profile of open-start problem-solving with ethnomathematics regarding student learning styles. This research is a qualitative research study on 3 out of 31 students of Junior High School of 3 Magetan taken by purposive sampling. The three students carried out four stages: understanding the problem, planning problem-solving strategies, implementing problem-solving strategies, and reviewing again. The results of the research show that students with a visual learning style solve problems by understanding problems through writing known and being asked and drawing illustrations, planning problem-solving strategies by making examples, carrying out solving strategies by working on the calculation process; students with an auditory learning style solve problems by understanding problems through writing known and being asked, planning strategies by making problems and formulating formulas used, implementing solutions by doing calculations and reviewing; students with a kinesthetic learning style solve problems by understanding issues through writing known and being asked, making examples and writing the formulas used, carrying out solving strategies by applying the calculation process and reviewing the results obtained. However, of the three styles, the results of the accepted work were not correct because they did not write down the conclusions and were not thorough enough.
The volunteer function inventory (VFI) is an assessment tool to measure individual volunteer motivation. VFI measures individual motivation to volunteer by examining the functional motives of each volunteer. This research aimed to adapt the VFI to the Indonesian language. VFI consists of 30 items divided into five dimensions. This study utilized a non-experimental quantitative research method. Samples were acquired by accidental random sampling with N = 176. In this study, reliability testing was carried out with items and dimensions of Cronbach's α. Validity tests were examined using construct validity and item analysis. The results of the Indonesian version of VFI showed high reliability and validity. Besides, the item analysis also shows that the quality of each item is excellent. The Indonesian version of VFI will be suitable for various education fields in Indonesia to measure the students' voluntary willingness in community development activities, for example, in measuring the impact of volunteerism in the Merdeka Belajar Kampus Merdeka (MBKM) social activities and other activities within the communities.
Digital history-based project-based learning (PjBL) in history learning is a learning medium that can provide a special attraction for students who can improve historical concept skills and historical awareness. However, there are still many teachers who have not used it, so it is very important to study it. This research aims to analyze the influence of the digital history based PJBL model in improving historical concept skills and historical awareness. The method used is quasi-experimental with two classes, experimental and control. The population used class XI high school students in Lampung, Indonesia and the sample size was 213. Cluster random sampling was used to determine sampling, while data collection was in the form of test instruments. The test instrument questions were analyzed using the gain score and Kruskal-Walli’s test to determine the increase in historical concept skills and historical awareness with the help of statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) 26. The research results confirmed that digital history based PjBL was effective in increasing historical concept skills and historical awareness with a high score, making it the best choice to overcome obstacles in history learning.
This study aims to determine how using an active learning model based on the three higher education principles can improve students' active learning. Qualitative research methods were applied in this study, with data collection through interviews, literature study, and observation. The results showed that active learning based on the three higher education principles was included in the "good" or "acceptable" category. The application of this model can make this campus a place with a positive academic atmosphere that enhances and supports collaboration, discussion, and positive and critical thinking. The novelty of this research lies in the use of active learning with mini-research projects, which are developed based on university principles and embody it. The hope is that this can help solve problems in the student learning process at the State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The expected implication is that the university's policy supports applying the model to resolve learning problems and build real scientists for students.
Integration of information and communication technology (ICT) in teacher education is a means to support the teaching and learning process. Good teaching by utilizing technology certainly requires changes, especially in the realm of pedagogy, but teachers apparently do not have enough ability to optimize ICT in the learning process. In fact, ICT has the potential to provide various benefits for teachers and students, including joint learning areas, cooperative and collaborative learning opportunities. Therefore, this research aims to identify the use of mobile learning application (MLA) and its impact as a form of ICT integration in learning. The method used is literature study, by taking data from various relevant scientific articles and books. Data analysis uses descriptive analysis from the results of the synthesis of several literature reviews obtained. The research results show that a number of 10 main articles and 15 relevant supporting articles as well as several book sources show that mobile-based learning with smartphone devices is becoming a trend at various levels of education, both academic and vocational.
Incorporating ethnoscience into lessons through the ethnoscience-students’ worksheet (ESW) is one method to improve student interest in science learning while introducing them to the local culture. However, no research was reported the effects of ESW on students' responses and the factors that influence ESW implementation in science learning. In order to better understand how students learn through ESW, this study investigated the relationship between ethnoscience context, science learning, and the implementation of students’ worksheets. Seventy-two students participated in the survey after they studied ethnoscience learning through ESW. Students’ responses are more influenced by science learning. In addition, the ethnoscience-integrated students’ worksheets (SW) variable indirectly affects students’ responses. Additionally, ESW affects students' responses more significantly than science learning and ethnoscience. This research provides insightful implications for educators on planning, designing, and practicing ESW to enhance students’ problem-solving motivation and academic achievement. Furthermore, to contribute significantly to future researchers, further research employed the structural equation model through covariance analysis, also known as confirmatory factor analysis (CFA).
This research aimed to assess the readiness of Indonesian pre-service science teachers by examining their perceptions of impending challenges, desired competencies, and anticipated instructional methodologies in preparing for the challenges of Society 5.0. Using a quantitative survey research methodology, 884 pre-service science teachers from 16 universities were surveyed. The research instrument's validity and reliability were assessed utilizing the Rasch model. Inferential statistics were employed to assess the readiness of pre-service science teachers for future challenges, taking into account their backgrounds. The test outcomes showed the Cronbach's Alpha coefficient reached 0.92, is deemed "excellent", affirming the instrument's high reliability. The findings of the study revealed that the majority of teachers share a consistent perception of future challenges and recognize the importance of mastering 21st-century skills, particularly critical thinking, creative thinking, communication, and collaboration. However, respondents believe that the current learning process does not adequately train these skills. They expressed a desire for an alternative learning method that can enhance their skills while accommodating their diverse backgrounds, including place of residence, economic background, and technological proficiency. Further research is needed to identify alternative teaching methods that can effectively foster these abilities in diverse backgrounds.
The issue of psychological well-being in education has emerged as an increasingly critical topic in recent years. This is due to the significance of psychological well-being in enhancing the performance of e ducational institutions, encompassing students, teachers, and the process of formulating school policies. This study sought to discover recent research on psychological well-being from an academic perspective. A total of 27 research articles were successfully gathered and reviewed based on the established criteria. This article review was conducted utilizing two databases (SCOPUS and WoS) and the following keywords: "psychological well-being" combined with "AND" and other search terms such as "school", "teacher", and "student". This systematic review offers a synthesis of results that can serve as the initial step in developing constructs of psychological well-being in educational institutions, thus implying the importance of psychological well-being for teachers and students. The results of the analysis from this systematic literature review have been discussed and concluded in this study.
This study aims to investigate Indonesian senior high school teachers’ perceptions of using the first language (L1) when teaching English because Indonesian teachers tend to have negative perceptions toward the application of the L1, while the L1 is needed in a situation where Indonesian students have limited skills in English. The semi-structured interview was applied to collect data, while thematic analysis was used to analyse it. The result showed that the teachers have three different positions in perceiving the use of the L1: the virtual position, maximal, and optimal positions. Although they have different perceptions toward the application of the L1, a major insight can be concluded about the limited use of the L1 for specific reasons, such as considering teachers’ and students’ English abilities, learners’ needs, and the type and the difficulty of the given task or assignment. The L1 can be functioned as scaffolding in three aspects: when teaching grammar, vocabulary, and when giving instructions. Teachers may consider this study’s results as the information to use the L1 in classrooms. This may also be beneficial for Indonesian educational stakeholders and the government to specifically define what type of scaffolding that teachers can use the L1 to teach English.
The Smile project is an engineering service-learning initiative carried out through collaboration between Chouaib Doukkali University in Morocco and Pusan National University in South Korea. Since 2016, this project has been conducted annually for engineering students from both universities. Participants are selected through an oral interview, ensuring representation from different majors, years, and genders. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the project transitioned to an online mode starting from 2020. The objective of this article is to investigate the impact of the service-learning approach on learning and its potential for enhancing engineering education. This study aims to compare the face-to-face and online implementations of the Smileproject as examples of this educational approach. The analysis demonstrates a strong positive effect of engineering service-learning as a learning approach, leading to the improvement of engineering students' skills and competencies. Notably, there is minimal difference between the two implementation modes of this learning approach.
Assessment is an important component of learning which aims to determine student achievement in learning. However, the pandemic has changed how assessment is carried out, prompting teachers to look for new strategies in carrying out mathematics learning assessments under any conditions, whether in normal conditions or during a pandemic. This study described the strategies used by high school mathematics teachers in assessing mathematics learning during the pandemic towards the post-pandemic period. This type of research is descriptive exploratory research with a qualitative approach. The subjects in this study were three mathematics teachers, three principals, and three vice principals from a public senior high school in Yogyakarta City, Indonesia. Qualitative data were collected by means of questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed qualitatively according to Bogdan and Biklen. The results of the study reveal that the mathematics teacher’s strategy for carrying out assessments during a pandemic includes: i) determining the appropriate online assessment platform that suits the needs; ii) assessment based on student participation; iii) using various of online assessment methods; iv) prioritizing academic integrity and honesty in the assessment implementation; and v) carry out the management and reporting of data on the results of the assessment in accordance with established procedures.
This study examined the role of technology integration and teachers' professional competence in developing 21st-century learning. Present studies show a significant gap between technology integration and teachers’ competency in developing 21st-century learning. This study highlights the pivotal roles of technology integration and teacher competence in modern education. In an era where technology has transformed teaching and learning, understanding the synergy between these two factors is crucial for educational advancements. The study employs a descriptive quantitative approach. It seeks to understand the current state of technology integration and teacher competence by collecting data from in-service teachers within the English teacher's forum. The data collection methods encompass questionnaires and interviews to gain comprehensive insights into the subject matter. The research design of this study primarily relies on a descriptive approach, which involves the systematic collection and analysis of data to describe and understand the existing situation. The data-gathering process, through questionnaires and interviews, ensures a comprehensive exploration of the research questions. The results show that technology integration and teacher competency significantly influence the development of 21st-century learning.
Aware of the various issues involved in assessing learning, but also of the difficulties encountered in classroom practice of this pedagogical act, we set out in this article to explore and analyze the assessment practices of secondary school mathematics teachers and the conceptions they underlie. The study was conducted from a systemic perspective. We therefore targeted three aspects in our study: the conceptual, the institutional, and the docimological. Analysis of the attitudes declared by a random sample of mathematics teachers enabled us to confirm that pedagogical, and in particular cognitive, issues do not represent a priority for them in assessment practices. They focus more on the organizational aspect of examinations, with a remarkable lack of concern for docimological considerations to give credibility to the assessments carried out.
This study aimed to investigate decreasing student academic stress in distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, transition period, and new normal era by giving a self-help module to students. This research employed an experimental approach with a group pre-test post-test design with quantitative analytics. The perceived academic stress scale (PASS) and module evaluation scale were utilized to assess students' academic stress levels and their understanding of the module. The subjects consisted of one male student and thirty-seven female students, as the school was dominated by female students. This study indicated that students' academic stress levels during the pandemic and the new normal were in the medium range (18.82 - 19.97). The results showed that there was no significant difference in academic stress between the pandemic and the transition period (t = 1.322, p > 0.05) and the data between the pandemic and the new normal (t = -1.426, p > 0.05), while between the transition period and the new normal, it showed a significant difference (t = -4.189, p < 0.05). The study recommends that schools develop future guidance and counseling programs to help students cope with stress and build resilience. This study's findings can inform policy decisions and academic interventions to support students' mental health and academic success during challenging times.
The aim of this research is to investigate the influence of flipbook learning media, learning interest, and learning motivation on junior high school students' learning outcomes. The method used is the regression method with a quantitative approach. This research was conducted at Junior High School1 Yogyakarta with a sample of 64 class VIII social studies students. Data collection consists of interviews, observations, and documentation. Prerequisite test analysis consists of tests for normality, multicollinearity, and heteroscedasticity. Hypothesis testing using simple regression, and multiple regression. The research results show that there is an influence: i) flipbook learning media on learning outcomes with a tcount of 73.33, a significance value of 0.000 < 0.005, ii) interest in learning on learning outcomes with a tcount of 33.678, a significance value of 0.000 < 0.005, iii) learning motivation on learning outcomes with a tcount of 30.678, a significance value of 0.000 < 0.005, and iv) flipbook learning media, learning interest, and learning motivation together on learning outcomes with Fcount 47.879 > Ftable 2.77 with a significance of 0.000 < 0.005. The conclusion is that the use of flipbook learning media, increasing interest in learning, and strengthening learning motivation can support each other to achieve optimal learning outcomes for students.
Hybrid project-based learning effectively develops academic writing skills in preparation for a gradual return to face-to-face instruction after a two-year pandemic triggered by Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Since this hybrid project-based learning initiative is a pioneering effort, it is essential to reflect on the program's successes and identify areas for improvement. This case study aims to explore the lecturers' and students' reflections on using hybrid project-based learning in academic writing courses. In-depth interviews and end-of-semester reflection were utilized to obtain data. Thematic analysis was conducted using the qualitative data analysis (QDA)miner lite software for data reduction. the findings revealed three prominent themes that emerged in this lecturers’ reflections: i) integrating varied learning modalities; ii) fostering critical thinking and involvement; and iii) improving competencies, as they were also crucial to boosting professional development. Meanwhile, students portray hybrid project-based learning as challenging and rewarding and fosters a sense of value and acceptability among students. This research has transformative implications for curriculum development and instructional practices in higher education, especially academic writing.
Intrapreneurship skill has considered as the alternative learning outcomes of entrepreneurship education. However, entrepreneurship teachers need a complex learning program to develop intrapreneurship among business students. At the same time, The Ministry of Education and Culture of The Republic of Indonesia recommends university teachers implement case methods to deliver complex learning environments and build critical skills among students. Therefore, this study aims to i) examine the effect of micro small medium enterprise (MSME) cases on the intrapreneurship of business students, ii) investigate the influence of MSME cases on flow experience in entrepreneurship education and iii) investigate the effect of flow experience during entrepreneurship education on intrapreneurship skill. We used field experiments on entrepreneurship and digital business student in business development courses. The result indicates that the case method effectively developed student intrapreneurship skill and flow experience during the course positively impacting student intrapreneurship skill.
Mathematical beliefs and metacognitive knowledge play significant roles in solving mathematical problems; thus, this study aims to investigate the influence of middle school students' beliefs on their metacognitive knowledge when solving geometry problems. This study utilizes both quantitative and qualitative research methods. A linear regression test was used to determine the effect of middle school students' beliefs on their metacognitive knowledge. The results of the quantitative research analysis were followed up with a qualitative research approach to describe the metacognitive knowledge of students who have high and low confidence in solving geometric problems. This research involved 352 middle school students in the Tarakan area. Based on the results of linear regression, it is known that the beliefs of middle school students have a positive effect on their metacognitive knowledge when solving geometric problems. In addition, it was found that students with different beliefs could solve a given geometry problem, but the approach to solving it varied among subjects. Middle school students have diverse beliefs, but these variations do not affect their capacity to apply their metacognitive knowledge at every stage
of solving mathematical problems.
A comprehensive examination of the impact of instructional leadership provided by school principals on teacher commitment was carried out across different nations, including Indonesia. This research employed a literature review approach, scrutinizing journal articles that delved into the connection between the instructional leadership of school principals and teacher commitment. After applying predefined criteria to 120 chosen articles in this domain, only 15 articles met the specified criteria and were subsequently incorporated into the review. The findings of the literature review revealed that the instructional leadership of school principals and the resulting organizational commitment have a positive, and mostly said statistically significant, effect on teacher organizational commitment in various countries.
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2. J. Edu. & Learn. ISSN: 2089-9823
The mathematics teachers' understanding of learning process based on … (Ikhsan Abdul Latif)
141
Indonesian government to fit the progress of the times. The K13 2017 Revision is expected to be more
capable of producing students with 21st Century skills. It equips students in developing life skills and careers,
learning and innovation, and technology because the concept of 21st Century learning was characterized by
training and developing the 21st Century skills, which were life and career skill, learning and innovation
skills, and also information, media and technology skills [4].
Learning activities based on the K13 2017 Revision should be a focus on enabling students and
integrating 4C skills, literacy, HOTS, and character education. Active learning can make a course more
enjoyable for both teachers and students, and most importantly, can cause students to think at a higher level
[5]. The 4C skill consists of critical thinking and problem solving, communication, creative and innovative,
and collaborative. Critical thinking is the basis of the ability to think creatively and reflectively [6]. Literacy
has a goal for students to read and make reading as a habit and lifestyle. HOTS is one component of the
creative thinking skills and critical thinking [7]. These skills have to include sub-skills such as analysis,
synthesis, and evaluation, which are the highest levels in Bloom’s cognitive taxonomy [8].
One of the vital factors and generally discussed in relation to the quality of education is the teacher
[9]. To enable the curriculum to take effects, teachers as the implementers should show their readiness,
willingness, and absolute capability to implement the curriculum by changing their mindset from old and
traditional views of learning to modern pedagogic dimension [10]. Teachers’ competence is the most
important component in the implementation of the K13 [11]. The K13 2017 Revision will not work if
teachers as planners and curriculum implementers have low competence. Competence has a positive and
significant effect on teacher performance. It means that the higher competence may increase teacher
performance [12]. Teachers are key to student learning, and efforts to improve teacher quality [13].
Teacher's understanding of learning affects the way the teacher carries out the lesson. There is clear evidence
that ways of understanding learning and teaching mediate teaching practices [14]. However, the teachers’
weakness of knowledge and understanding about the pedagogical practices promoted by the new
curriculum and the nature of the competencies, together with their narrow interpretation of these, seems to
have influenced, if not overtly encouraged, the retention of traditional approaches to pedagogy [15]. Based on
this, this study aims to describe the teachers' understanding of the implementation of learning based on the
K13 2017 Revision.
2. RESEARCH METHOD
This research is a qualitative research. Qualitative research has been described as work done to
understand the meaning that is socially constructed by individuals in interaction with their world [16].
Qualitative research methods for the interpretation and analysis of texts already existing or transcribed from
talk, observation or video can be used to explore meanings of social and bodily phenomena as how and why
human beings act as they do, within their natural context [17]. The strategy used in this research is a case
study. A case study through which to examine the roles of gatekeepers, reflexive practice and patience in
ethical qualitative research more broadly [18]. To obtain valid data in qualitative research, the research data
is tested its validity using triangulation technique. Triangulation refers to using more than one particular
approach when doing research in order to get richer, fuller data and/or to help confirm the results of the
research [19]. This study uses data triangulation. Data triangulation refers to using multiple data sources in
time (gathering data in different times of the day or at different times in a year), space (collecting data on the
same phenomenon in multiples sites or test for cross-site consistency) and person (gathering data from
different types or level of people e.g. individuals, their family members and clinicians) [20]. Researchers
compare and check data interviews that have been done in different time to obtain valid research data.
A qualitative sampling plan describes how many observations, interviews, focus group discussions
or cases are needed to ensure that the findings will contribute rich data [21]. Data collection methods most
commonly used in qualitative research are individual or group interviews (including focus groups),
observation, and document review [22]. The purpose of this study is the description of Mathematics teachers'
understanding of learning implementation based on the K13 2017 Revision. The technique of collecting data
in this study used interview method. The interview was conducted three times with each research subject.
The subjects of this research are two mathematics teachers at SMAN 1 Wuryantoro, Wonogiri Regency. The
first subject is a civil servant math teacher, while the second subject is the honorary math teacher. The first
subject is called T1 and the second subject becomes T2.
3. RESULTS AND ANALYSIS
3.1. T1
The T1 explains that learning activities on K13 are carried out through the introduction, the
contents, and evaluation. Learning activities should integrate 21st Century skills consisting of 4C, literacy,
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HOTS, and character education. The introduction contains preparing students physically and psychologically,
providing motivation to learn, giving apperception, explaining the learning objectives, and conveying the
activities that will be done. The contents activities are carried out in accordance with the learning methods
that have been planned in the RPP. In this activities also conducted the assessment of learning using
assessment for learning. The final activity of learning is the evaluation. In those activities, teachers and
students reflect on evaluating the results and activities that have been done. After that, the teacher provides
feedback, assigns the task, and informs the lesson plan of the next meeting.
The main teacher's activity of before starting the learning is preparation the students physically and
psychologically so that students feel ready and comfortable to follow the learning process. According to T1,
the physical and psychological activity of preparing students is done by giving questions about the condition
of the students and the class, then inviting students to talk about the problems in life that are not related to the
learning materials. Talking with students makes students feel comfortable to learn with the teacher.
After preparing students physically and psychologically, teachers need to provide learning
motivation. Motivation constitutes one of the significant backbones of the learning process in student life
[23], so teachers need to provide a good learning motivation to make interesting learning process. According
to T1, the activities of providing learning motivation to students is done by conveying the importance of
learning linear program materials and Mathematics in life. The Benefit of linear program and Mathematics in
life is students can have the ability to think to organize and orderly. Based on the answers, it can be
concluded that the learning motivation is appropriate with the Regulation of the Minister of Education and
Culture (RMEC) Number 22 of 2016 because the students' learning motivation is given by conveying the
benefits and application of teaching materials contextually.
The teacher's activity after giving learning motivation is apperception. Apperception is an
introduction delivered by a teacher in learning by linking the previous material with the material to be
studied. According to T1, apperception is given to students by asking questions about prerequisite materials
in the linear program then conveying the benefits of the linear program in daily life. Prerequisite materials in
the linear program are line equation, linear inequality, and linear inequality system. The benefits of a linear
program in daily life are determining the most effective way in a company. Determining the most effective
way is the work of a thinker. A thinker has a higher salary than a worker or a person who only executes the
work. Based on the answers it can be concluded that apperception according to T1 os appropriate with
regulations of the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because apperception is given by asking questions that relate
previous knowledge with the material to be studied.
The next activity is delivery the purpose of learning. According to T1, the learning objectives or
basic competencies are presented to students at the beginning of the chapter by displaying the learning
objectives or basic competencies in the linear program materials using Microsoft PowerPoint. The learning
objectives delivered using Microsoft PowerPoint aims to let students know the expected process and
objectives of the basic competence of the linear program, that is Basic Competencies 3.2 and 4.2.
The final of the learning introduction activity is delivery the material coverage and description of
the learning activities to be undertaken. According to T1, learning activities are delivered after conveying the
learning objectives or basic competencies. Description of learning activities delivered by displaying material
using Microsoft PowerPoint and delivering directly to students related to the material or sub-chapters, tasks,
and activities to be done on linear program materials.
According to T1, the contents of learning activities are based on the syntax of the planned learning
method. The main approach in K13 is scientific or 5M so that learning activities are prepared by the scientific
approach. However, the contents of learning activities that have been conducted by T1 are consistent with the
syntax of the planned learning method only at the beginning of the semester caused by the National
Examination and the students' ability to be active in learning. Based on the answer, it can be concluded that
the learning activities are appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 and The Guidance of
Implementation Skills in 21st Century of 2013 Curriculum in Senior High School is the learning activities
focus on facilitating students to be active. However, T1's understanding of the K13 2017 Revision approach
is less appropriate because a scientific approach is not the only approach can be used in learning.
Based on to T1, assessment of learning achievement is not only done with the assessment of
learning but also assessment for learning. The assessment for learning aims to know the weakness of students
and teachers in implementing learning. Students are given 2 or 3 items to know the level of understanding of
learning materials. Based on the answers it can be concluded that the assessment of learning outcomes
according to T1 is appropriate with the Guidelines for Assessment by Educators and High School Education
because the assessment used is the assessment for learning or assessment conducted during the learning
process and followed efforts to improve the learning process.
According to T1, learning reflection is done by asking students questions about what they have
learned, not understood, and already understood. Feedback is the student's answer to reflection questions and
4. J. Edu. & Learn. ISSN: 2089-9823
The mathematics teachers' understanding of learning process based on … (Ikhsan Abdul Latif)
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suggestions on learning activities. Based on the answers it can be concluded that the reflection of learning
according to T1 is appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because learning reflection is done by
evaluating the series of activities and learning outcomes.
According to T1, follow-up activities are done by assigning tasks to the students to do the questions
as homework. After that, the teacher submits the material to be discussed at the next meeting then ask
students to find and read the material to be discussed at the next meeting. Based on the answers it can be
concluded that follow-up activities according to T1 is appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016
because follow-up activities are done in the form of assignment, both individual and group tasks.
Adjusting T1, the plan of learning activities for the next meeting is delivered after reflecting on the
lesson. In conveying the lesson plans, the teacher presents the material to be discussed at the next meeting.
Learning activities are recommended to integrate 21st Century skills. According to T1, 4C
integration is done by asking students to ask (critical), grouping (collaborative), arguing or communicating
the answers in front of the class (communicative), and making uncommon questions (critical and creative).
Integration of literacy movement is done by assigning tasks to students to search for material in the library
and internet. The LOTS question is conveyed by giving simple questions such as variables, coefficients,
while HOTS questions are inserted in the items of test or evaluation. The LOTS query is a simple question or
a question of facts, for example, questions about inequality, variables, and coefficients. The character
education is done by giving learning motivation and at the end of learning or during evaluation. The
integration of character education delivered during the learning motivation is done by conveying the
importance of Mathematics and having an orderly and disciplined attitude. At the end of learning or
evaluation, character education integration is done by conveying the character in learning Mathematics that is
order and discipline. The integration of 21st Century skills is also appropriated with The Guidance of
Implementation Skills in 21st Century of 2013 Curriculum Senior High School, The Concept and Guidelines
for Strengthening Character Education, and the School Literacy Movement Guidance at Senior High School.
3.2. T2
T2's explains that the learning activities on K13 are carried out through the introduction, contents,
and evaluation activities. Learning activities should integrate on 21st Century skills consisting of 4C, literacy,
HOTS, and character education. The introduction learning activities or opening activities are conducted by
preparing students physically and psychologically, providing learning motivation, giving apperception,
explaining learning objectives, and conveying the scope of material and description of activities to be
performed. The contents activities are carried out based on the learning methods that have been planned in
the RPP. The evaluation or closing activities are carried out by reflecting, providing feedback, assigning
tasks, and informing the lesson plans of the next meeting.
According to T2, the introduction or opening of lessons is done by preparing students physically and
psychologically. Prepare students physically done by asking the condition or news of students, then doing
attendance by asking who is absent or not. Preparing students psychologically is done by providing
motivation to students.
Motivation is a fundamental element of students' learning; teachers can assist in increasing and
developing motivation for optimal achievement in the classroom [24]. According to T2, providing learning
motivation to students is done by conveying the benefits of the linear program in daily life. Delivering it
program can make students do not think that the material learned in the classroom is separate from their life.
Based on these answers can be concluded that the motivation to learn according to T2 is appropriate with the
RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because student learning motivation is given by conveying the advantages and
application of teaching materials contextually.
According to T2, apperception is given to students by delivering prerequisite material at
the previous meeting. The teacher asks questions related to prerequisite or material at the previous
meeting on linear program material to know the students' understanding of the linear program material.
Based on the answers it can be concluded that apperception according to T2 is appropriate with the RMEC
Number 22 of 2016 because apperception is given by asking questions that relate previous knowledge with
the material to be studied.
The learning objectives need to be submitted to the students, therefore, students know the expected
demands at the end of the lesson. According to T2, the learning objectives and Basic Competence are
delivered directly to students at the beginning of the lesson. The learning objectives and Basic Competence
are delivered early in the course of the learning with the aim that the students have a picture of the expected
demands or expected outcomes in the Basic Competence or linear program material.
According to T2, the scope of the material and the description of the learning activities are delivered
early in the lesson by conveying directly to the students about the materials to be discussed at the meeting
that day. In addition to delivery the materials, the teacher also conveys the activities to be undertaken.
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144
T2 explains that T2 seeks to carry out the learning content activity that is appropriate with the
syntax of predetermined learning methods. Learning activities are also organized based on student conditions
and learning materials. Learning activities are directed at encouraging the students to be active and have a
passion for learning. The contents activities based on the student's cognitive stages according to the level of
Anderson to be achieved. Based on the answers, it can be concluded that the learning activities according to
the T2 is appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 and The Guidance of Implementation Skills in 21st
Century of 2013 Curriculum in Senior High School because the learning activities focus on facilitating
students to be active.
According to T2, learning assessments are derived from daily assessments, tests, and assignments.
Each teacher should assess and memorize the abilities and character of each student in each lesson. Based on
the answers it can be concluded that the assessment of learning according to T2 is not appropriate with the
Guidelines for Assessment by Educators and High School Education because T2 assessment is the only
assessment of learning or assessment that conducted after the learning process finished without effort to
improve the learning process.
According to T2, learning reflection is done by reminding of the material that has been discussed at
the meeting that day. Tha reflection can also be done by giving a test to determine the level of student
understanding. The feedback is the process of explaining to students what can be done in learning or outside
learning. Based on the answers it can be concluded that the reflection of learning according to T2 is less
appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because the reflection of learning should be done by teachers
and students to evaluate the series of activities and learning outcomes or achievement.
According to T2, follow-up activities are done at the end of the learning by assigning tasks to the
students with the aim of preparing the students to have activities at home, so that on the learning activities at
the next meeting, students are ready and have an idea of the material to be discussed. Many of the tasks
assigned to students are given to the students based on their abilities so that the tasks can motivate the
students because the students can do the task. The number of items given is one or two questions. Based on
the answers it can be concluded that follow-up activities according to T2 is appropriate with the RMEC
Number 22 of 2016 because follow-up activities are done in the form of assignment, both individual
and group tasks.
According to T2, the plan of learning meeting plan is delivered at the end of the lesson by delivering
it directly to the students. The teacher presents the material to be discussed at the next meeting then asks the
students to study in advance or prepare the equipment to be used on the next meeting material.
According to T2, 4C integration in learning activities based on learning materials. In the discussion,
students are asked actively to find and try the problem solving themselves by way of literacy or browsing. In
4C, teachers provide material accompanied by stimuli related to contextual issues. The literacy movement is
integrated into the learning by assigning tasks to the students to find the material to be discussed at the next
meeting. HOTS integration is done by guiding the students or giving an illustration of the flow of thinking to
solve the problem or understand the concept of the material discussed. The character education is integrated
by giving a reprimand to students who behave less well. Character education written in attitude assessment is
only a small part that represents student activities.
4. CONCLUSION
T2's explains that the learning activities on K13 are carried out through the introduction, contents,
and evaluation activities. Learning activities should integrate on 21st Century skills consisting of 4C, literacy,
HOTS, and character education. The introduction learning activities or opening activities are conducted by
preparing students physically and psychologically, providing learning motivation, giving apperception,
explaining learning objectives, and conveying the scope of material and description of activities to be
performed. The contents activities are carried out based on the learning methods that have been planned in
the RPP. The evaluation or closing activities are carried out by reflecting, providing feedback, assigning
tasks, and informing the lesson plans of the next meeting.
According to T2, the introduction or opening of lessons is done by preparing students physically and
psychologically. Prepare students physically done by asking the condition or news of students, then doing
attendance by asking who is absent or not. Preparing students psychologically is done by providing
motivation to students.
Motivation is a fundamental element of students' learning; teachers can assist in increasing and
developing motivation for optimal achievement in the classroom [24]. According to T2, providing learning
motivation to students is done by conveying the benefits of the linear program in daily life. Delivering it
program can make students do not think that the material learned in the classroom is separate from their life.
Based on these answers can be concluded that the motivation to learn according to T2 is appropriate with the
6. J. Edu. & Learn. ISSN: 2089-9823
The mathematics teachers' understanding of learning process based on … (Ikhsan Abdul Latif)
145
RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because student learning motivation is given by conveying the advantages and
application of teaching materials contextually.
According to T2, apperception is given to students by delivering prerequisite material at the
previous meeting. The teacher asks questions related to prerequisite or material at the previous meeting on
linear program material to know the students' understanding of the linear program material. Based on the
answers it can be concluded that apperception according to T2 is appropriate with the RMEC Number 22
of 2016 because apperception is given by asking questions that relate previous knowledge with the material
to be studied.
The learning objectives need to be submitted to the students, therefore, students know the expected
demands at the end of the lesson. According to T2, the learning objectives and Basic Competence are
delivered directly to students at the beginning of the lesson. The learning objectives and Basic Competence
are delivered early in the course of the learning with the aim that the students have a picture of the expected
demands or expected outcomes in the Basic Competence or linear program material.
According to T2, the scope of the material and the description of the learning activities are delivered
early in the lesson by conveying directly to the students about the materials to be discussed at the meeting
that day. In addition to delivery the materials, the teacher also conveys the activities to be undertaken. T2
explains that T2 seeks to carry out the learning content activity that is appropriate with the syntax of
predetermined learning methods. Learning activities are also organized based on student conditions and
learning materials. Learning activities are directed at encouraging the students to be active and have the
passion for learning. The contents activities based on the student's cognitive stages according to the level of
Anderson to be achieved. Based on the answers, it can be concluded that the learning activities according to
the T2 is appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 and The Guidance of Implementation Skills in 21st
Century of 2013 Curriculum in Senior High School because the learning activities focus on facilitating
students to be active.
According to T2, learning assessments are derived from daily assessments, tests, and assignments.
Each teacher should assess and memorize the abilities and character of each student in each lesson. Based on
the answers it can be concluded that the assessment of learning according to T2 is not appropriate with the
Guidelines for Assessment by Educators and High School Education because T2 assessment is the only
assessment of learning or assessment that conducted after the learning process finished without effort to
improve the learning process.
According to T2, learning reflection is done by reminding of the material that has been discussed at
the meeting that day. Tha reflection can also be done by giving a test to determine the level of student
understanding. The feedback is the process of explaining to students what can be done in learning or outside
learning. Based on the answers it can be concluded that the reflection of learning according to T2 is less
appropriate with the RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because the reflection of learning should be done by teachers
and students to evaluate the series of activities and learning outcomes or achievement.
According to T2, follow-up activities are done at the end of the learning by assigning tasks to the
students with the aim of preparing the students to have activities at home, so that on the learning activities at
the next meeting, students are ready and have an idea of the material to be discussed. Many of the tasks
assigned to students are given to the students based on their abilities so that the tasks can motivate the
students because the students can do the task. The number of items given is one or two questions. Based on
the answers it can be concluded that follow-up activities according to T2 is appropriate with the
RMEC Number 22 of 2016 because follow-up activities are done in the form of assignment, both individual
and group tasks.
According to T2, the plan of learning meeting plan is delivered at the end of the lesson by delivering
it directly to the students. The teacher presents the material to be discussed at the next meeting then asks the
students to study in advance or prepare the equipment to be used on the next meeting material.
According to T2, 4C integration in learning activities based on learning materials. In the discussion,
students are asked actively to find and try the problem solving themselves by way of literacy or browsing. In
4C, teachers provide material accompanied by stimuli related to contextual issues. The literacy movement is
integrated into the learning by assigning tasks to the students to find the material to be discussed at the next
meeting. HOTS integration is done by guiding the students or giving an illustration of the flow of thinking to
solve the problem or understand the concept of the material discussed. The character education is integrated
by giving a reprimand to students who behave less well. Character education written in attitude assessment is
only a small part that represents student activities.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to say thank you SMAN 1 Wuryantoro, Wonogiri Regency for giving the research
permission.
7. ISSN: 2089-9823
J. Edu. & Learn. Vol. 13, No. 1, February 2019 : 140 – 146
146
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