The document discusses the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and its Fifth Assessment Report. It describes the IPCC's role in comprehensively and objectively assessing scientific information on climate change, risks, impacts, and response options. It provides details on the structure of the IPCC, the five assessment reports it has published to date, and the review and approval process for its reports.
The IPCC put out a statement challenging assertions made in a New Scientist article about its decisions related to the geographical range of authors and use of non-peer-reviewed literature.
The IPCC put out a statement challenging assertions made in a New Scientist article about its decisions related to the geographical range of authors and use of non-peer-reviewed literature.
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
Artificial Reefs by Kuddle Life Foundation - May 2024punit537210
Situated in Pondicherry, India, Kuddle Life Foundation is a charitable, non-profit and non-governmental organization (NGO) dedicated to improving the living standards of coastal communities and simultaneously placing a strong emphasis on the protection of marine ecosystems.
One of the key areas we work in is Artificial Reefs. This presentation captures our journey so far and our learnings. We hope you get as excited about marine conservation and artificial reefs as we are.
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Willie Nelson Net Worth: A Journey Through Music, Movies, and Business Venturesgreendigital
Willie Nelson is a name that resonates within the world of music and entertainment. Known for his unique voice, and masterful guitar skills. and an extraordinary career spanning several decades. Nelson has become a legend in the country music scene. But, his influence extends far beyond the realm of music. with ventures in acting, writing, activism, and business. This comprehensive article delves into Willie Nelson net worth. exploring the various facets of his career that have contributed to his large fortune.
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Introduction
Willie Nelson net worth is a testament to his enduring influence and success in many fields. Born on April 29, 1933, in Abbott, Texas. Nelson's journey from a humble beginning to becoming one of the most iconic figures in American music is nothing short of inspirational. His net worth, which estimated to be around $25 million as of 2024. reflects a career that is as diverse as it is prolific.
Early Life and Musical Beginnings
Humble Origins
Willie Hugh Nelson was born during the Great Depression. a time of significant economic hardship in the United States. Raised by his grandparents. Nelson found solace and inspiration in music from an early age. His grandmother taught him to play the guitar. setting the stage for what would become an illustrious career.
First Steps in Music
Nelson's initial foray into the music industry was fraught with challenges. He moved to Nashville, Tennessee, to pursue his dreams, but success did not come . Working as a songwriter, Nelson penned hits for other artists. which helped him gain a foothold in the competitive music scene. His songwriting skills contributed to his early earnings. laying the foundation for his net worth.
Rise to Stardom
Breakthrough Albums
The 1970s marked a turning point in Willie Nelson's career. His albums "Shotgun Willie" (1973), "Red Headed Stranger" (1975). and "Stardust" (1978) received critical acclaim and commercial success. These albums not only solidified his position in the country music genre. but also introduced his music to a broader audience. The success of these albums played a crucial role in boosting Willie Nelson net worth.
Iconic Songs
Willie Nelson net worth is also attributed to his extensive catalog of hit songs. Tracks like "Blue Eyes Crying in the Rain," "On the Road Again," and "Always on My Mind" have become timeless classics. These songs have not only earned Nelson large royalties but have also ensured his continued relevance in the music industry.
Acting and Film Career
Hollywood Ventures
In addition to his music career, Willie Nelson has also made a mark in Hollywood. His distinctive personality and on-screen presence have landed him roles in several films and television shows. Notable appearances include roles in "The Electric Horseman" (1979), "Honeysuckle Rose" (1980), and "Barbarosa" (1982). These acting gigs have added a significant amount to Willie Nelson net worth.
Television Appearances
Nelson's char
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Natural farming @ Dr. Siddhartha S. Jena.pptxsidjena70
A brief about organic farming/ Natural farming/ Zero budget natural farming/ Subash Palekar Natural farming which keeps us and environment safe and healthy. Next gen Agricultural practices of chemical free farming.
3. The role of the IPCC is …
“… to assess on a comprehensive, objective, open
and transparent basis the scientific, technical and
socio-economic information relevant to understanding
the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate
change, its potential impacts and options for
adaptation and mitigation.”
Principles Governing IPCC Work, paragraph 2
Source: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles.pdf
4. The role of the IPCC is …
“… to assess on a comprehensive, objective, open
and transparent basis the scientific, technical and
socio-economic information relevant to understanding
the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate
change, its potential impacts and options for
adaptation and mitigation.”
Principles Governing IPCC Work, paragraph 2
Source: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles.pdf
5. The role of the IPCC is …
“… to assess on a comprehensive, objective, open
and transparent basis the scientific, technical and
socio-economic information relevant to understanding
the scientific basis of risk of human-induced climate
change, its potential impacts and options for
adaptation and mitigation.”
Principles Governing IPCC Work, paragraph 2
Source: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles.pdf
6. The role of the IPCC (continued)
“IPCC reports should be neutral with respect to policy,
although they may need to deal objectively with
scientific, technical and socio-economic factors
relevant to the application of particular policies.”
Principles Governing IPCC Work, paragraph 2
Source: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles.pdf
7. The role of the IPCC (continued)
“IPCC reports should be neutral with respect to policy,
although they may need to deal objectively with
scientific, technical and socio-economic factors
relevant to the application of particular policies.”
Principles Governing IPCC Work, paragraph 2
Source: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/ipcc-principles/ipcc-principles.pdf
14. IPCC reports
Five assessment reports (1990, 1995, 2001, 2007, 2013-14)
1992 supplementary report and 1994 special report
15. IPCC reports
Five assessment reports (1990, 1995, 2001, 2007, 2013-14)
1992 supplementary report and 1994 special report
Nine special reports (1997, 1999, 2000, 2005, 2011, 2012)
16. IPCC reports
Five assessment reports (1990, 1995, 2001, 2007, 2013-14)
1992 supplementary report and 1994 special report
Nine special reports (1997, 1999, 2000, 2005, 2011, 2012)
Guidelines for national GHG inventories, good practice
guidance (1995, 2006, 2013)
17. IPCC reports
Five assessment reports (1990, 1995, 2001, 2007, 2013-14)
1992 supplementary report and 1994 special report
Nine special reports (1997, 1999, 2000, 2005, 2011, 2012)
Guidelines for national GHG inventories, good practice
guidance (1995, 2006, 2013)
Six technical papers (1996-2008)
18. The first four assessment reports
• FAR (1990) – led to UNFCCC
• SAR (1995) – input for Kyoto Protocol
• TAR (2001) – focused attention on impacts of
climate change and need for adaptation
• AR4 (2007) – input for decision on 2ºC limit; basis
for post Kyoto Protocol agreement
20. 2007
AR5 Synthesis Report
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and Albert Arnold
(Al) Gore Jr. were awarded the Nobel Peace Prize
"for their efforts to build up and disseminate greater knowledge about
man-made climate change, and to lay the foundations for the
measures that are needed to counteract such change".
23. AR5 statistics
•836 authors from 85 countries
•(incl 301 DC/EIT, 179 women, 529 new)
•>30,000 papers cited
•~5,000 pages
•~143,000 comments from > 2000 expert reviewers
24. Topics often in the news
• Balance of reports
• Selection of authors
• Grey literature
• Review process
• Confidentiality of drafts
• Approval process
• Errors
• www.ipcc.ch
26. Peer reviewed and internationally available scientific technical and socio-economic
literature, manuscripts made available for IPCC review and selected non-peer
reviewed literature produced by other relevant institutions including industry
IPCC
approves
outline
Governments, organizations
nominate experts
Bureaux select Authors
Scoping
Authors
prepare 1st
-order
DRAFT
Expert Review
Authors
prepare 2nd
-
order
DRAFT
Government and
Expert Review
WG/IPCC
accepts/approves
report and SPM
Authors
prepare
FINAL
DRAFT
Final distribution
and Government
Review of SPM
Publication
of report
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34. Topics often in the news
• Balance of reports
• Selection of authors
• Grey literature
• Review process
• Confidentiality of drafts
• Approval process
• Errors
• www.ipcc.ch
35.
36. More on IPCC process
• www.ipcc.ch
• > News and Outreach
• >Outreach
• >Materials
• Factsheets
37. Future work of the IPCC
- Bigger role for developing countries
- Make reports more accessible
38. What next for the IPCC?
• 42nd
Session – October 2015, Dubrovnik tbc
- Election of new Bureau
• Meeting on communications – early 2016
• Preparing for the Sixth Assessment Report
39. Thank you – Questions?
jlynn@wmo.int
www.ipcc.ch
40.
41. IPCC Working Group I, Figure SPM.1a
Observed globally averaged combined land and ocean surface temperature anomaly 1850-2012
