The document defines and explains key concepts related to how the Internet works. It describes the Internet as a global network of interconnected computer networks that uses standard protocols to provide information and communication services. It then defines domain names and IP addresses, explaining that domain names make addresses easier for people to remember while IP addresses are unique strings of numbers that identify devices. It also describes how data is broken into packets and sent over the network, with routers directing packets to their destinations.

1. The Internet
A global computer network providing a variety
of information and communication facilities,
consisting of interconnected networks using
standardized communication protocols. (1)Source)

2. Contents
•Domain Names and
IP Addresses
•Domain Names and IP Addresses:
The Link
•Data
Packets and
Packet
Switching
•Function of
Routers
•Sources
•Image Sources

3. Domain Names and IP Addresses
• Domain names: the part of a network
address which identifies it as belonging
to a particular domain. (3)source)
• IP Addresses: a unique string of
numbers separated by full stops that
identifies each computer using the
Internet Protocol to communicate over a
network. (4)source)
Actual Oxford Dictionary Definitions

4. Domain Names and IP Addresses
The Link
• An IP address which is made up of numbers (eg. 212.58.246.10) allows you to establish a link to
a network or device and get data from it.
• These numbers are not easy to remember and the above IP Address has a domain name label of
ww.BBC.co.uk.
• The domain name is a word or line which could be a company name or subject with one or more
pages.
• When typing a domain name which is easy to remember into a browser it converts it back into the
IP Address behind the scenes and lets you view the page.
IP Address = Domain Name
(3) Image source)

5. Data Packets and Packet Switching
• Data Packets: A data packet is what the data file is broken down
into so that it can be transferred to someone else over a network.
By taking a large file and breaking it into smaller data packets, this
allows it to transfer it between the networks quicker. In the example
on the teach-ict.com website it explains that a 2MB file would be
broken into chunks of 512 bytes in size. I have shown this in the
table below that 4096 packets would be sent.
• Packet Switching: It is a way of breaking down files into smaller
packets to be able to send them across a network e.g. 4096 packets
have been sent and each one is given a reference number so the
data is then reassembled once it has been received.
Calculator
from source 6
‘How are you?’ is
broken into 3
packets and given
a reference
number 1, 2, 3.
Image
source 6

6. Function of Routers
• Routers are used to transfer
data between devices.
• The data packets are
transferred from one router to
another through the networks.
• The router makes sure the
information goes where it is
supposed to and doesn’t let it
go somewhere it isn’t supposed
to.
• It makes sure the information
gets to the target.
(5)sources)images 4+5)

7. Sources for Points of Reference
1. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/Internet
2. http://www.teach-ict.com/gcse_computing/ocr/215_communications_networking/IP_and_DNS/miniweb/3. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/domain-name
4. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/IP-address?q=IP+address
5. http://computer.howstuffworks.com/internet/basics/internet-infrastructure3.htm
6. http://www.matisse.net/bitcalc/?input_amount=1&input_units=megabytes&notation=legacy

8. Image Sources
1. Front page - http://dheoalfarisi87.blogspot.co.uk/2013/09/definition-internet-and-intranet.html
2. Front page - http://www.yourdictionary.com/images/articles/lg/234.Internet.jpg
3. Domain Names and IP Addresses: The link - http://www.bbc.co.uk/
4. Router: http://www.homeserverland.com/2009/05/securing-your-whs-and-network-part-8/
5. Router: http://www.techiwarehouse.com/engine/a27dabad/Home-Network-Router-Settings
6. Data packets: http://www.c-jump.
com/CIS24/Slides/Networking/N01_0270_ip_data_packets.htm