Specific requirements in the revised EPBD concerning building automation and control systems (BACS) will ensure that the European Union reduces building energy consumption significantly further and faster than if the Directive was implemented without BACS. In this webinar of the BACS Academy, Paul Waide, the author of the recent study “The impact of the revision of the EPBD on energy savings from the use of building automation and controls”, will provide the attendants with valuable information on how to effectively transform words into actions.
Smart, Energy-Saving Homes: What's Stopping Us?Leonardo ENERGY
Smart, energy-saving homes utilise network connectivity, big data and powerful data processing. They can manage and automate services such as lighting, heating/cooling and washing in order to reduce energy consumption and provide load flexibility to the grid. Despite recent gains in building envelope and appliance efficiency, further opportunities remain to improve whole-building system efficiency through smart homes. However, there are significant barriers:
• High costs and unclear benefits: smart devices cost more and suffer
from a lack of consumer confidence about their benefits.
• Privacy, trust and security: consumers are concerned about misuse of data in the cloud, and hacking of data and devices.
• Complexity and technology risk: smart homes involve new and complex technologies which many consumers fear may not work as intended and are difficult to operate. Problems of interoperability between new and legacy devices are common and this tends to increase consumer concerns.
This webinar will examine these barriers and suggest a number of policy solutions. It is presented by the EDNA Annex (Electronic Devices and Networks Annex - https://edna.iea-4e.org) of the IEA’s 4E Technology Collaboration Programme.
Smart4RES - Data science for renewable energy predictionLeonardo ENERGY
Recording at https://youtu.be/kn8X6kIfo6I
The prediction of Renewable Energy Source (RES) production is a worldwide challenge for Smart Grids. In this webinar, you will learn next-generation solutions proposed by the European Project Smart4RES:
· Future power system applications based on RES forecasting,
· Innovative weather and RES forecasting products to increase performance by 10-20%.
What's the right method to find how much energy smart meters save? Leonardo ENERGY
Smart meters are a critical part of the energy transition, but how much energy does their installation save? Measuring savings from smart meters is not easy. How do we model smart metered households’ counterfactual consumption? How much energy would these households have consumed had their supplier not installed a smart meter?
Andrew Schein from the Behavioural Insights Team (BIT) and Kevin Gornall from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) will explain how the impact of smart meters on household energy consumption can be accurately analysed, drawing on the recently published guidance BIT developed for BEIS and energy suppliers.
Peer-to-Peer energy trading and community self-consumptionLeonardo ENERGY
Electricity markets are experiencing a shift to a more decentralized structure. While peer-to-peer (P2P) markets are a promising strategy to grant consumers and small-scale producers a more active role in energy markets, in reality they face multiple complex barriers. As one of the first local P2P energy markets worldwide actually deployed, the Quartierstrom project explores the feasibility and impact of a P2P energy market in the real world in a pilot with 37 households.
Advanced weather forecasting for RES applications: Smart4RES developments tow...Leonardo ENERGY
Recording at: https://youtu.be/45Zpjog95QU
This is the 3rd Smart4RES webinar that will address technological and market challenges in RES prediction and will introduce the Smart4RES strategy to improve weather forecasting models with high resolution.
Through wind and solar applications, Innovative Numerical Weather Prediction and Large-Eddy Simulation approaches will be presented.
Review: Potential Ecodesign regulation for economic cable conductor sizing in...Leonardo ENERGY
Increasing the conductor cross sectional area (CSA) of a cable reduces its energy losses. The most economic CSA is that for which the cable investment cost is equal to the total lifetime cost of energy losses.
Cable sizing is subject to regulation through national building codes, but these only take safety and aspects of functionality into account, not energy efficiency. These mandatory cable sizing prescriptions have given rise to the general misconception that following them precisely is best practice. The notion that the regulations are only the bare minimum requirement is often disregarded. As a result, economic cable sizing is not usually even taken into consideration during installation design or energy management initiatives.
Economic cable sizing cannot be derived just from the physical design parameters, but depends on the load profile of the electrical circuit in which the cable is used. Consequently, it is not the cable and its current-carrying capacity that should be regulated, but the choice of the cable cross section in the context of the electrical circuit and its load profile – in other words the installed cable system.
Approximately 8% of the electrical energy generated in the EU gets lost in the network between generation and end-use. Of this 8%, around 6% represents losses in the transmission and distribution network and 2% is behind-the-meter. Of the latter, 1.5% can be attributed to non-residential buildings – around 50 TWh per year – and the remaining 0.5% to residential buildings.
In this webinar, the editors of the Green Book on the “Electricity Supply Systems of the Future” will describe their long journey to summarize the collective knowledge acquired in CIGRE Study Committees. This journey can never be over, as visions become realities or become obsolete and new challenges and developments unavoidably appear. Nevertheless, the Green Book provides CIGRE’s unique and unbiased technical views for the current and future state of electricity supply systems. It also shows the value of global collaborative work of numerous experts from industry and academia mobilized within the CIGRE community. CIGRE is the foremost authority for end-to-end power system expertise.
Dynamic Line Rating: Principles - Applications - BenefitsLeonardo ENERGY
Video recording at https://youtu.be/xzWoQkVVhFc
This webinar introduces the physics of Dynamic Line Rating (DLR), and calculation methods based on CIGRE and IEEE standards. Various approaches are discussed: direct measurement technologies (sensors) as well as weather model-based simulations. We describe applications implemented by grid operators for some years already. These illustrate how Dynamic Line Rating data have been integrated into grid operators’ tools and processes, in particular how forecasts are used. Furthermore, some analytics will be shared that demonstrate the benefits of Dynamic Line Rating for reducing OPEX and CAPEX. This includes examples on increasing cross-border trading, reducing investment on new line infrastructure and reducing congestions, which helps to make decisions on reinforcement and investment.
Smart, Energy-Saving Homes: What's Stopping Us?Leonardo ENERGY
Smart, energy-saving homes utilise network connectivity, big data and powerful data processing. They can manage and automate services such as lighting, heating/cooling and washing in order to reduce energy consumption and provide load flexibility to the grid. Despite recent gains in building envelope and appliance efficiency, further opportunities remain to improve whole-building system efficiency through smart homes. However, there are significant barriers:
• High costs and unclear benefits: smart devices cost more and suffer
from a lack of consumer confidence about their benefits.
• Privacy, trust and security: consumers are concerned about misuse of data in the cloud, and hacking of data and devices.
• Complexity and technology risk: smart homes involve new and complex technologies which many consumers fear may not work as intended and are difficult to operate. Problems of interoperability between new and legacy devices are common and this tends to increase consumer concerns.
This webinar will examine these barriers and suggest a number of policy solutions. It is presented by the EDNA Annex (Electronic Devices and Networks Annex - https://edna.iea-4e.org) of the IEA’s 4E Technology Collaboration Programme.
Smart4RES - Data science for renewable energy predictionLeonardo ENERGY
Recording at https://youtu.be/kn8X6kIfo6I
The prediction of Renewable Energy Source (RES) production is a worldwide challenge for Smart Grids. In this webinar, you will learn next-generation solutions proposed by the European Project Smart4RES:
· Future power system applications based on RES forecasting,
· Innovative weather and RES forecasting products to increase performance by 10-20%.
What's the right method to find how much energy smart meters save? Leonardo ENERGY
Smart meters are a critical part of the energy transition, but how much energy does their installation save? Measuring savings from smart meters is not easy. How do we model smart metered households’ counterfactual consumption? How much energy would these households have consumed had their supplier not installed a smart meter?
Andrew Schein from the Behavioural Insights Team (BIT) and Kevin Gornall from the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) will explain how the impact of smart meters on household energy consumption can be accurately analysed, drawing on the recently published guidance BIT developed for BEIS and energy suppliers.
Peer-to-Peer energy trading and community self-consumptionLeonardo ENERGY
Electricity markets are experiencing a shift to a more decentralized structure. While peer-to-peer (P2P) markets are a promising strategy to grant consumers and small-scale producers a more active role in energy markets, in reality they face multiple complex barriers. As one of the first local P2P energy markets worldwide actually deployed, the Quartierstrom project explores the feasibility and impact of a P2P energy market in the real world in a pilot with 37 households.
Advanced weather forecasting for RES applications: Smart4RES developments tow...Leonardo ENERGY
Recording at: https://youtu.be/45Zpjog95QU
This is the 3rd Smart4RES webinar that will address technological and market challenges in RES prediction and will introduce the Smart4RES strategy to improve weather forecasting models with high resolution.
Through wind and solar applications, Innovative Numerical Weather Prediction and Large-Eddy Simulation approaches will be presented.
Review: Potential Ecodesign regulation for economic cable conductor sizing in...Leonardo ENERGY
Increasing the conductor cross sectional area (CSA) of a cable reduces its energy losses. The most economic CSA is that for which the cable investment cost is equal to the total lifetime cost of energy losses.
Cable sizing is subject to regulation through national building codes, but these only take safety and aspects of functionality into account, not energy efficiency. These mandatory cable sizing prescriptions have given rise to the general misconception that following them precisely is best practice. The notion that the regulations are only the bare minimum requirement is often disregarded. As a result, economic cable sizing is not usually even taken into consideration during installation design or energy management initiatives.
Economic cable sizing cannot be derived just from the physical design parameters, but depends on the load profile of the electrical circuit in which the cable is used. Consequently, it is not the cable and its current-carrying capacity that should be regulated, but the choice of the cable cross section in the context of the electrical circuit and its load profile – in other words the installed cable system.
Approximately 8% of the electrical energy generated in the EU gets lost in the network between generation and end-use. Of this 8%, around 6% represents losses in the transmission and distribution network and 2% is behind-the-meter. Of the latter, 1.5% can be attributed to non-residential buildings – around 50 TWh per year – and the remaining 0.5% to residential buildings.
In this webinar, the editors of the Green Book on the “Electricity Supply Systems of the Future” will describe their long journey to summarize the collective knowledge acquired in CIGRE Study Committees. This journey can never be over, as visions become realities or become obsolete and new challenges and developments unavoidably appear. Nevertheless, the Green Book provides CIGRE’s unique and unbiased technical views for the current and future state of electricity supply systems. It also shows the value of global collaborative work of numerous experts from industry and academia mobilized within the CIGRE community. CIGRE is the foremost authority for end-to-end power system expertise.
Dynamic Line Rating: Principles - Applications - BenefitsLeonardo ENERGY
Video recording at https://youtu.be/xzWoQkVVhFc
This webinar introduces the physics of Dynamic Line Rating (DLR), and calculation methods based on CIGRE and IEEE standards. Various approaches are discussed: direct measurement technologies (sensors) as well as weather model-based simulations. We describe applications implemented by grid operators for some years already. These illustrate how Dynamic Line Rating data have been integrated into grid operators’ tools and processes, in particular how forecasts are used. Furthermore, some analytics will be shared that demonstrate the benefits of Dynamic Line Rating for reducing OPEX and CAPEX. This includes examples on increasing cross-border trading, reducing investment on new line infrastructure and reducing congestions, which helps to make decisions on reinforcement and investment.
A review of systems approaches in Ecodesign and Energy LabellingLeonardo ENERGY
It is widely recognised that there are substantial energy savings to be made from considering an energy system – how products are combined and operated – in addition to those from each product.
Recent ecodesign and energy label regulations and the ecodesign and energy label working plan which is currently in development are not adopting these approaches. The European Copper Institute wishes to understand why this is and if there is evidence to support challenging this omission. They commissioned this research to look into the experience with developing system related ecodesign and energy labelling regulations to date.
Systems have increasingly been studied explicitly, rather than as an ‘added benefit’ to a basically product based approach. This is in recognition of the additional energy savings which are accessible via a system approach.
This project has reviewed studies on eight product groups, most of them ecodesign and energy labelling preparatory or review studies:
* Walk-in cold rooms (WICRs)
* WICRs
* Case study method for heating systems
* Lighting systems
* “points system” approach
* Pumps
* Heater and water heater package energy label
* Heater and water heater package energy label
* Solar Photovoltaics (PV) (system energy label)
* Solar PV (system energy label)
* Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS)
* Power cables
Power to the people: shifting control over electricity to citizens and consumersLeonardo ENERGY
Efficient electricity prices are only the first step to unleashing the potential for consumers to help drive the energy transition. In this webinar, David Robinson from the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies will present on how consumers can help decarbonize the electricity system and how to engage the demand side through a combination of price and non-price incentives.
Presentation the future of bioenergy in urban energy systemsLeonardo ENERGY
The future urban energy systems can move to directions in which bioenergy will play a key role, for example as fuel for space heating, for (back-up) electricity generation, and for mobility (biofuels). A competitive deployment of bioenergy requires sufficient availability of biomass and acceptable costs. As result of the uncertainty in the price developments of bioenergy, the view on the future is uncertain as well. Also in the recent study "Urban electrification - impact of electrification of urban infrastructure on costs and carbon footprint" results were strongly dependent on assumptions on the availability and costs for bioenergy.
In this interactive workshop, we sketched the landscape of bioenergy in relation to the urban energy system and develop a joint view on bioenergy availability and cost. The workshop covered the following aspects:
* Which types of bioenergy carriers are most suitable in the urban energy system?
* What could be the availability of those bioenergy carriers?
* What would be typical costs per type of resource and what are the drivers and uncertainties?
* What is the role of policy in the cost development of bioenergy and how can the cost gap be bridged?
* Presents the results of the European Power Quality Survey.
* Estimates costs of wastage generated by inadequate power quality.
* Involved interviews and web-based submissions over 2 years in 8 European countries.
* Concludes that PQ costs in Europe are responsible for a serious reduction in industrial performance.
* Economic impact exceeds €150bn.
Webinar recording available at
Power system flexibility relates to the ability of the power system to manage changes.
Solutions providing advances in flexibility are of utmost importance for the future power system. Development and deployment of innovative technologies, communication and monitoring possibilities, as well as increased interaction and information exchange, are enablers to provide holistic flexibility solutions. Furthermore, development of new methods for market design and analysis, as well as methods and procedures related to system planning and operation, will be required to utilise available flexibility to provide most value to society.
However, flexibility is not a unified term and is lacking a commonly accepted definition.
The flexibility term is used as an umbrella covering various needs and aspects in the power system. This situation makes it highly complex to discuss flexibility in the power system and craves for differentiation to enhance clarity. In this work, the solution has been to differentiate
the flexibility term on needs, and to categorise flexibility needs in four categories.
Here, flexibility needs are considered from over-all system perspectives (stability, frequency and energy supply) and from more local perspectives (transfer capacities, voltage and power quality). With flexibility support considered for both operation and planning of the power system, it is required in a timescale from fractions of a second (e.g. stability and frequency support) to minutes and hours (e.g. thermal loadings and generation dispatch) to months and years (e.g. planning for seasonal adequacy and planning of new investments).
Using human-centred design to improve energy efficiency programsLeonardo ENERGY
Human-centred design is being used to make the NSW energy savings scheme more effective. We started with research that identified six key insights for improved scheme operation. It found that the scheme is complex and its fragmented tools and systems create unnecessary barriers to entry. We then used workshops to develop six corresponding opportunities for improved service delivery. To scale up we need streamlined manual processes, more collaboration and improved digital systems. This is especially relevant given recent announcements that the scheme is being extended to 2050.
This talk will present the research, and will place it in the context of changes announced as part of the NSW Energy Strategy. It will explore small, medium and long term changes to scheme delivery identified through the HCD process and our proposed next steps.
The NSW Energy Savings Scheme started in 2009. It has so far delivered projects that will save 27,000 gigawatt hours of energy and $5.6 billion in bill savings over their lifetimes.
In 2011, the European Commission concluded in its white paper “Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area” that the phase-out of fossil fuels driven cars by 2050 was necessary to achieve its energy and climate objectives. In 2019, as part of the European Green Deal, the Commission is proposing to revise the regulation on CO2 standards for cars and vans, to ensure a clear pathway towards zero-emission mobility.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to road transport have grown since 1990 by 20.5%, and now account for one-fifth of EU GHG emissions – and they keep growing. The picture is similar regarding final energy consumption. Road transport uses 24% of EU final energy, having grown by 28% since 1990.
The good news is that a zero-emission technology is ready today for market uptake: the battery electric vehicle. From day one this vehicle completely cuts local GHG and air pollutant emissions and emits three times less GHG emissions on a well-to-wheel basis. On a life cycle basis (“cradle to grave”), a battery electric vehicle also generates significantly less GHG emissions than cars using gasoline or diesel. Moreover, the full decarbonisation of the electricity system, which is foreseen well before 2050, will enable battery electric vehicles to make transport fully climate-neutral.
Electrifying road transport is also the fastest and most cost-effective way to achieve energy efficiency goals because it is the asset with the highest replacing rate (average car ownership period 5-7 years1)and is currently at least 2.5 times more efficient than alternative technologies.
On 28 November 2019 the European Parliament declared a climate emergency and its Members asked for immediate and ambitious action to limit the effects of climate change2. Battery electric vehicles are ready to contribute to addressing this challenge. What is needed now is to accelerate the deployment of full electric vehicles.
Copper is one of the main materials that makes this transition possible. On average a battery electric vehicle requires three times more copper than a vehicle driven by a combustion engine. Half of it is in the battery system, mainly as foil in the anode of the cell working as current collector and heat dissipator. About one quarter is in the drive motors and their control system, and the other quarter is in wire harness, connectors and electronics. In addition, copper plays a role in the charging infrastructure and in the generation of renewable electricity to power the vehicles.
A policy perspective on Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS)Leonardo ENERGY
Improved management of technical building systems (TBS) can offer a cost-effective potential to reduce building energy consumption, improve the quality of life of occupants and facilitate the integration of renewable energy systems by providing flexibility to the connected energy grids.
Multiple policy initiatives related to BACS currently exist or are under development. This presentation will give an overview and some examples of European policy tools and/or local implementations. The most relevant policy tools that can help contribute accessing these savings potentials are the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD), the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), Ecodesign Directive (ED) and Energy Labelling Regulation (ELR).
Some examples of existing policy will be given and reference will be made to the recently completed Smart Readiness Indicator study and the ongoing Ecodesign BACS preparatory study.
Five actions fit for 55: streamlining energy savings calculationsLeonardo ENERGY
During the first year of the H2020 project streamSAVE, multiple activities were organized to support countries in developing savings estimations under Art.3 and Art.7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED).
A fascinating output of the project so far is the “Guidance on Standardized saving methodologies (energy, CO2 and costs)” for a first round of five so-called Priority Actions. This Guidance will assist EU member states in more accurately calculating savings for a set of new energy efficiency actions.
This webinar presents this Guidance and other project findings to the broader community, including industry and markets.
AGENDA
14:00 Introduction to streamSAVE
(Nele Renders, Project Coordinator)
14:10 Views from the EU Commission and the link with Fit-for-55 (Anne-Katherina Weidenbach, DG ENER)
14:20 The streamSAVE guidance and its platform illustrated (Elisabeth Böck, AEA)
14:55 A view from industry: What is the added value of streamSAVE (standardized) methods in frame of the EED (Conor Molloy, AEMS ECOfleet)
14:55 Country experiences: the added value of standardized methods (Elena Allegrini, ENEA, Italy)
The recordings of the webinar can be found on https://youtu.be/eUht10cUK1o
Peer-to-peer energy trading using blockchainsLeonardo ENERGY
Rapid penetration of distributed generation technologies, combined with grid constraints, and disillusionment with non-consumer centric business models, is leading many to explore radically different configurations of the energy system. One such model, ‘transactive energy’, focuses on peer-to-peer energy trading with the role of the energy company replaced with a trustless transaction layer based on distributed ledger (blockchain) technologies. The proponents of transactive energy argue that it provides social, environmental, economic, and energy systems benefits. This lecture will provide a broad introduction to the field, before discussing the opportunities and limitations of this approach within the energy transition.
Heating without the hot air: Principles for smart heat electrificationLeonardo ENERGY
Heating in buildings is responsible for almost a third of total EU energy demand. And most of that heat is met by burning fossil fuels. In order to decarbonise heating, electrification is seen by many as a key strategy. The transformative challenge of the electrification of heating should not be underestimated. It will require strategic, ongoing policy and governance support. It requires a well-coordinated approach that cuts across several areas — buildings, individual and district heating systems, the power sector and existing heating fuel supply infrastructure. In this webinar, Dr. Jan Rosenow and Dr. Richard Lowes present pragmatic principles and policies for smart electrification of heating in Europe.
The webinar will be based on a recent RAP report which can be freely downloaded at https://www.raponline.org/knowledge-center/heating-without-hot-air-principles-smart-heat-electrification/
Presented by Pete Scarpelli, Schneider Electric, Demand Response Resource Center, France at the IEA DSM Programme workshop in Vienna, Austria on 1 April 2009.
AURES II - Renewable energy Auction Database and overview of auction schemes ...Leonardo ENERGY
Recording at https://youtu.be/gF-XicTOi2M
The project AURES II (Auctions for Renewable Energy Support) investigates design options for renewable energy auctions and gives recommendations on their use.
AURES II has collected data comprising the design elements, as well as the awarded auction prices and realisation rates in a single database based on the renewable energy auctions implemented in the EU. Based on this, our project aims to gain new quantitative insights on how design elements influence auction performance.
This webinar will present the Auction Database and a first, holistic overview of the design elements used in the various countries of the EU.
Building Automation: The scope for energy and CO2 savingsLeonardo ENERGY
This Leonardo ENERGY study shows a vast energy saving potential for the European building stock, by increasing the adoption and installation of Building Automation Technologies (BAT) and Building/Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS/BEMS). Compared with a reference scenario which assumes a continuation of current trends in the adoption and installation of BAT and BEMS/HEMS, the optimal scenario estimates the savings to reach 22% of all building energy consumption by 2028 and maintain that level thereafter.
Impressive as the saving potentials are, they will not be realized without measures to stimulate both good practice and higher rates of deployment. The report has identified a range of complementary measures and recommended actions.
A review of systems approaches in Ecodesign and Energy LabellingLeonardo ENERGY
It is widely recognised that there are substantial energy savings to be made from considering an energy system – how products are combined and operated – in addition to those from each product.
Recent ecodesign and energy label regulations and the ecodesign and energy label working plan which is currently in development are not adopting these approaches. The European Copper Institute wishes to understand why this is and if there is evidence to support challenging this omission. They commissioned this research to look into the experience with developing system related ecodesign and energy labelling regulations to date.
Systems have increasingly been studied explicitly, rather than as an ‘added benefit’ to a basically product based approach. This is in recognition of the additional energy savings which are accessible via a system approach.
This project has reviewed studies on eight product groups, most of them ecodesign and energy labelling preparatory or review studies:
* Walk-in cold rooms (WICRs)
* WICRs
* Case study method for heating systems
* Lighting systems
* “points system” approach
* Pumps
* Heater and water heater package energy label
* Heater and water heater package energy label
* Solar Photovoltaics (PV) (system energy label)
* Solar PV (system energy label)
* Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS)
* Power cables
Power to the people: shifting control over electricity to citizens and consumersLeonardo ENERGY
Efficient electricity prices are only the first step to unleashing the potential for consumers to help drive the energy transition. In this webinar, David Robinson from the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies will present on how consumers can help decarbonize the electricity system and how to engage the demand side through a combination of price and non-price incentives.
Presentation the future of bioenergy in urban energy systemsLeonardo ENERGY
The future urban energy systems can move to directions in which bioenergy will play a key role, for example as fuel for space heating, for (back-up) electricity generation, and for mobility (biofuels). A competitive deployment of bioenergy requires sufficient availability of biomass and acceptable costs. As result of the uncertainty in the price developments of bioenergy, the view on the future is uncertain as well. Also in the recent study "Urban electrification - impact of electrification of urban infrastructure on costs and carbon footprint" results were strongly dependent on assumptions on the availability and costs for bioenergy.
In this interactive workshop, we sketched the landscape of bioenergy in relation to the urban energy system and develop a joint view on bioenergy availability and cost. The workshop covered the following aspects:
* Which types of bioenergy carriers are most suitable in the urban energy system?
* What could be the availability of those bioenergy carriers?
* What would be typical costs per type of resource and what are the drivers and uncertainties?
* What is the role of policy in the cost development of bioenergy and how can the cost gap be bridged?
* Presents the results of the European Power Quality Survey.
* Estimates costs of wastage generated by inadequate power quality.
* Involved interviews and web-based submissions over 2 years in 8 European countries.
* Concludes that PQ costs in Europe are responsible for a serious reduction in industrial performance.
* Economic impact exceeds €150bn.
Webinar recording available at
Power system flexibility relates to the ability of the power system to manage changes.
Solutions providing advances in flexibility are of utmost importance for the future power system. Development and deployment of innovative technologies, communication and monitoring possibilities, as well as increased interaction and information exchange, are enablers to provide holistic flexibility solutions. Furthermore, development of new methods for market design and analysis, as well as methods and procedures related to system planning and operation, will be required to utilise available flexibility to provide most value to society.
However, flexibility is not a unified term and is lacking a commonly accepted definition.
The flexibility term is used as an umbrella covering various needs and aspects in the power system. This situation makes it highly complex to discuss flexibility in the power system and craves for differentiation to enhance clarity. In this work, the solution has been to differentiate
the flexibility term on needs, and to categorise flexibility needs in four categories.
Here, flexibility needs are considered from over-all system perspectives (stability, frequency and energy supply) and from more local perspectives (transfer capacities, voltage and power quality). With flexibility support considered for both operation and planning of the power system, it is required in a timescale from fractions of a second (e.g. stability and frequency support) to minutes and hours (e.g. thermal loadings and generation dispatch) to months and years (e.g. planning for seasonal adequacy and planning of new investments).
Using human-centred design to improve energy efficiency programsLeonardo ENERGY
Human-centred design is being used to make the NSW energy savings scheme more effective. We started with research that identified six key insights for improved scheme operation. It found that the scheme is complex and its fragmented tools and systems create unnecessary barriers to entry. We then used workshops to develop six corresponding opportunities for improved service delivery. To scale up we need streamlined manual processes, more collaboration and improved digital systems. This is especially relevant given recent announcements that the scheme is being extended to 2050.
This talk will present the research, and will place it in the context of changes announced as part of the NSW Energy Strategy. It will explore small, medium and long term changes to scheme delivery identified through the HCD process and our proposed next steps.
The NSW Energy Savings Scheme started in 2009. It has so far delivered projects that will save 27,000 gigawatt hours of energy and $5.6 billion in bill savings over their lifetimes.
In 2011, the European Commission concluded in its white paper “Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area” that the phase-out of fossil fuels driven cars by 2050 was necessary to achieve its energy and climate objectives. In 2019, as part of the European Green Deal, the Commission is proposing to revise the regulation on CO2 standards for cars and vans, to ensure a clear pathway towards zero-emission mobility.
Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions due to road transport have grown since 1990 by 20.5%, and now account for one-fifth of EU GHG emissions – and they keep growing. The picture is similar regarding final energy consumption. Road transport uses 24% of EU final energy, having grown by 28% since 1990.
The good news is that a zero-emission technology is ready today for market uptake: the battery electric vehicle. From day one this vehicle completely cuts local GHG and air pollutant emissions and emits three times less GHG emissions on a well-to-wheel basis. On a life cycle basis (“cradle to grave”), a battery electric vehicle also generates significantly less GHG emissions than cars using gasoline or diesel. Moreover, the full decarbonisation of the electricity system, which is foreseen well before 2050, will enable battery electric vehicles to make transport fully climate-neutral.
Electrifying road transport is also the fastest and most cost-effective way to achieve energy efficiency goals because it is the asset with the highest replacing rate (average car ownership period 5-7 years1)and is currently at least 2.5 times more efficient than alternative technologies.
On 28 November 2019 the European Parliament declared a climate emergency and its Members asked for immediate and ambitious action to limit the effects of climate change2. Battery electric vehicles are ready to contribute to addressing this challenge. What is needed now is to accelerate the deployment of full electric vehicles.
Copper is one of the main materials that makes this transition possible. On average a battery electric vehicle requires three times more copper than a vehicle driven by a combustion engine. Half of it is in the battery system, mainly as foil in the anode of the cell working as current collector and heat dissipator. About one quarter is in the drive motors and their control system, and the other quarter is in wire harness, connectors and electronics. In addition, copper plays a role in the charging infrastructure and in the generation of renewable electricity to power the vehicles.
A policy perspective on Building Automation and Control Systems (BACS)Leonardo ENERGY
Improved management of technical building systems (TBS) can offer a cost-effective potential to reduce building energy consumption, improve the quality of life of occupants and facilitate the integration of renewable energy systems by providing flexibility to the connected energy grids.
Multiple policy initiatives related to BACS currently exist or are under development. This presentation will give an overview and some examples of European policy tools and/or local implementations. The most relevant policy tools that can help contribute accessing these savings potentials are the Energy Performance in Buildings Directive (EPBD), the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED), Ecodesign Directive (ED) and Energy Labelling Regulation (ELR).
Some examples of existing policy will be given and reference will be made to the recently completed Smart Readiness Indicator study and the ongoing Ecodesign BACS preparatory study.
Five actions fit for 55: streamlining energy savings calculationsLeonardo ENERGY
During the first year of the H2020 project streamSAVE, multiple activities were organized to support countries in developing savings estimations under Art.3 and Art.7 of the Energy Efficiency Directive (EED).
A fascinating output of the project so far is the “Guidance on Standardized saving methodologies (energy, CO2 and costs)” for a first round of five so-called Priority Actions. This Guidance will assist EU member states in more accurately calculating savings for a set of new energy efficiency actions.
This webinar presents this Guidance and other project findings to the broader community, including industry and markets.
AGENDA
14:00 Introduction to streamSAVE
(Nele Renders, Project Coordinator)
14:10 Views from the EU Commission and the link with Fit-for-55 (Anne-Katherina Weidenbach, DG ENER)
14:20 The streamSAVE guidance and its platform illustrated (Elisabeth Böck, AEA)
14:55 A view from industry: What is the added value of streamSAVE (standardized) methods in frame of the EED (Conor Molloy, AEMS ECOfleet)
14:55 Country experiences: the added value of standardized methods (Elena Allegrini, ENEA, Italy)
The recordings of the webinar can be found on https://youtu.be/eUht10cUK1o
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Recording at https://youtu.be/gF-XicTOi2M
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This webinar will present the Auction Database and a first, holistic overview of the design elements used in the various countries of the EU.
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While having good air quality is of paramount importance, but doing so, while saving energy is the sustainable need of the hour. Consistent Engineering Consultants participated in the HVACR Saudi Expo held at Riyadh International Exhibition Centre from 11th to 13th of March where our Mr. Ahmed Zeb, our Director of Operations presented a talk on Energy Optimisation and Building Ventilation Systems. He spoke about the need for energy conservation, energy optimisation and its role in structuring the building ventilation systems. Here's the presentation.
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Find out about upcoming IES events here: https://www.iesve.com/discoveries/category/event
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Energy auditing and energy efficiency indicatorsCETN
Principles of Energy Auditing
Auditing process summary
Undertaking an Energy Audit in house
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Equipment for auditing
Results and dissemination
Barriers to implementation of energy efficiency
Questions and answer session
Industrial energy auditing and reportingVignesh Sekar
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EMA Energy Manager’s Guide to Building ControlsEMEX
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Link to the recordings: https://youtu.be/ZCFhmldvRA0
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A recording of this presentation can be viewed at:
https://youtu.be/aC0h4cXI9Ug
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A link to the recording: https://youtu.be/4pw_9hpA_64
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Recording available at https://youtu.be/lPT1o735kOk
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This is the 17th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy.
Recordings are available on: https://youtu.be/KIewOQCgQWQ
(see updated version of this presentation:
https://www.slideshare.net/sustenergy/energy-efficiency-funds-in-europe-updated)
The Energy Efficiency First Principle is a key pillar of the European Green Deal. A prerequisite for its widespread application is to secure financing for energy efficiency investments.
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This is the 17th webinar in the Odyssee-Mure on Energy Efficiency Academy.
Recordings are available on: https://youtu.be/KIewOQCgQWQ
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Bruno Lapillonne, Scientific Director, Enerdata
The recordings of the presentation (webinar) can be viewed at:
https://youtu.be/8RuK5MroTxk
Energy and mobility poverty: Will the Social Climate Fund be enough to delive...Leonardo ENERGY
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Watch the recordings of the webinar:
https://youtu.be/i1Jdd3H05t0
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Speaker:
Wolfgang Eichhammer (Head of the Competence Center Energy Policy and Energy Markets @Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research ISI)
The recordings of this webinar can be watched via:
https://youtu.be/TS6PxIvtaKY
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Recordings of the live webinar are on https://youtu.be/VVAdw_CS51A
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In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
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https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
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💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
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In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
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4. Demo
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Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
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The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
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Builder.ai Founder Sachin Dev Duggal's Strategic Approach to Create an Innova...Ramesh Iyer
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The impact of the revision of the EPBD on energy savings from the use of BACS
1. The impact of the revision of
the EPBD on energy savings from
the use of building automation
and control systems (BACS)
Paul Waide, Director, WSE
Leonardo Energy BACS Academy webinar
December 17th 2019
2. Structure of presentation
1. The revision of the EPBD and aims of the study
2. Characterising BACS technology and functions
building automation control technology and related devices
savings opportunities
3. Methodology applied in the study
Characterisation of the European building stock & BACS
Modelling, projections & scenarios
4. Findings from the analysis and savings potentials
results from long range scenarios in terms of energy, economic
factors and CO2
2
3. Background to the presentation
• The Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) was
revised in 2018 and includes a number of additional aspects
which aims to further improve the energy efficiency of Europes
buildings
• It recognises that effective control of technical building systems
(space heating, space cooling, sanitary hot water, ventilation
and lighting) is an essential element of overall system efficiency
and holds a significant and cost-effective energy saving
potential
• Its predecessor (the 2010 version) only included rather indirect
or ambiguous encouragement to improve building energy
performance through better control of technical building
systems
• The revised Directive addresses this deficiency by adding a
number of policy measures that better target monitoring and
control of building energy systems
3
4. The EPBD impact assessment
• The impacts of the revisions to the EPBD were estimated in
the formal impact assessment
• This was conducted ahead of and in parallel with the
regulatory discussions (to inform them) and hence does not
perfectly reflect all the final provisions
• In particular the parts that concern the BACS provisions were
rather glossed over and hence its not possible to distinguish
the specific impacts that these are expected to bring
• For this reason the European BACS industry association
eu.bac commissioned WSE to do a specific analysis to
determine these impacts
4
5. Background to the study
• For this reason the European BACS industry association
eu.bac commissioned WSE to do a specific analysis to
determine these impacts
• The intention is to enable the contribution of the BACS
measures to be identified independently of the other
measures within the revised EPBD so their specific relevance
to the broader policy objectives can be more transparent
• Work got underway in 2018 and concluded with the issuing of
the report in summer 2019
5
6. Study reference:
The Impact of the revision of
the EPBD on energy savings
from the use of building
automation and controls
Available at:
https://www.eubac.org/cms/u
pload/downloads/position_pap
ers/EPBD_impacts_from_buildin
g_automation_controls.pdf
6
7. Major working assumptions
• The principal working assumption behind the analysis
presented in this study is that EU Member States will fully
respect the requirements
• This means in the spirit of their implementation as well as
the legally permissible interpretation – to this end eu.bac has
produced a set if guideline documents – the working
hypothesis in the study is that these guidelines are respected
• Full alignment to the formal impact assessment – so that a
priori it is assumed all changes in the building stock including
the energy systems and usage, are the same as set out in the
formal impact assessment – this allows isolation and
comparison of the effect of the BACs related measures
compared to those due to the other EPBD measures
7
8. Eu.bac guidelines on EPBD transposition
8
Available at:
https://www.eubac.
org/home/index.ht
ml
9. Summary of provisions in the revised
EPBD that concern BACS
Mandatory requirements for installation and retrofit of Building Automation
and Control Systems (BACS) in non-residential buildings (existing and new)
with effective rated output of over 290 kW, by 2025 (within the amended
Articles 14 and 15)
Incentives for installation of continuous electronic energy performance
monitoring and effective HVAC controls in existing and new multifamily
buildings (within the amended Articles 14 and 15)
Requirements for the installation of individual room temperature controls
such as TRVs and IZC in new buildings and alongside the replacement of
heat generators in existing buildings (within the amended Article 8)
Non-residential and residential buildings equipped with BACS and
electronic monitoring, respectively, are exempted from physical
inspections of Heating and Air-Conditioning Systems (within the amended
Articles 14 and 15)
9
10. Summary of provisions in the revised
EPBD that concern BACS
Optimisation of performance under typical or average (real-life) part load
operating conditions including dynamic hydraulic balancing (mentioned in
the Recitation)
Reinforced requirements on optimizing the performance of TBS i.a. with
controls (within the amended Article 8)
Definition of BACS according to the European Standards in the Directive
(within the amended Article 2)
10
11. BACS help to manage…
• mechanical heating and hot water systems
• mechanical ventilation
• cooling and air conditioning
• natural ventilation systems, particularly motorised windows and
dampers, often combined with mechanical systems in ‘mixed mode’
design, and motorised shading
• lighting, including timing, occupancy detection, mood-setting,
dimming and daylight integration, together with exterior lighting
• electrical systems, including time control, demand management and
standby systems
• metering and monitoring systems, including heat and flow meters
where appropriate
• communications, safety and security systems
• services to special areas and equipment, e.g. server rooms
11
12. Systems hardware includes…
• Sensors, provide analogue signals for temperature, humidity,
pressure, etc. to controllers/outstations
• Thermostats, Humidistats, Pressure Switches either perform control
functions direct to plant or via valves, etc. or provide digital signals
to outstations/controllers for limit functions, etc.
• Actuators, modulate valves, dampers, etc. via analogue or reversible
motor signals. Actuators can also be two position for zone valves, etc.
• Controllers or outstations, receive signals from sensors and/or send
signals to plant and actuators. These may be single-purpose e.g. a
domestic heating programmer or a temperature controller for a fan-
coil unit, or multi-functional e.g. a typical BMS outstation, with a
number of digital and analogue inputs and outputs that can be
programmed to suit the specific installation
• Supervisors, link to the network and allow the status of plant and
outstations/controllers to be monitored/reset via graphics, trend
logs, etc.
12
13. Benefits of BACS
Correctly designed, installed and operated BACS will control building
services installations to:
• better regulate indoor conditions and services
• reduce energy consumption and running costs
• ensure equipment operates only when, where and to the extent it is
actually required
• reduce ventilation and cooling requirements that arise when heat-
producing equipment (e.g. lighting and motors) is used unnecessarily
• monitor systems and optimise their performance
• advise of problems, providing not just failure alarms but alerts to
wasteful and unintended operation
• reduce levels of wear and tear and the costs of maintenance, repairs
and replacement
13
14. European Standard EN15232 on the energy
performance of BACS
It includes:
• a detailed list of the control, building automation and technical
building management functions which have an impact on building
energy performance
• a methodology to enable the definition of minimum requirements
regarding the control, building automation and technical building
management functions to be implemented in buildings of different
complexities
• detailed methods to assess the impact of these functions on the
energy performance of a given building. These methods facilitate
accounting for the impact of these functions in the calculation of
whole building energy performance ratings
• a simplified method to get a first estimation of the impact of these
functions on the energy performance of typical buildings
14
15. Space heating services treated in EN15232
15
Section Type of control service Notes on the control scope and objectives
1.1 Emission control The control function is applied to the heat emitter (radiators,
underfloor heating, fan-coil unit, indoor unit) at room level; for
type 1 one function can control several rooms
1.2 Emission control for TABS
(heating mode)
1.3 Control of distribution network
hot water temperature (supply
or return)
Similar function can be applied to the control of direct electric
heating networks
1.4 Control of distribution pumps in
networks
The controlled pumps can be installed at different levels in the
network. Control is to reduce the auxiliary energy demand of the
pumps
1.5 Intermittent control of
emission and/or distribution
One controller can control different rooms/zones having same
occupancy patterns
1.6 Heat generator control for
combustion and district heating
The goal consists generally in minimizing the heat generator
operation temperature
1.7 Heat generator control (heat
pump)
The goal consists generally in minimizing the heat generator
operation temperature and by this in maximizing the heat
generator efficiency
1.8 Heat generator control
(outdoor unit)
The goal consists generally in maximizing the heat generator
efficiency
1.9 Sequencing of different heat
generators
This control function only applies to a system with a set of
different heat generator sizes or types including Renewable Energy
Sources
1.10 Control of Thermal Energy
Storage (TES) charging
The TES is part of the heating system
16. BACS Energy performance classes and
EN 15232
The EU standard EN15232 defines BACS energy performance
classes that classify the energy impact of less to more
sophisticated BACS solutions from D to A per type of
technical building system (TBS)
It then used the results of a great many detailed building
simulations to map these to average energy performance
factors (BACS factors) depending on the type of TBS the BACS
applies to, the TBS configuration, fuel and building type
These BACS factors show how the relative energy
consumption of a given TBS/building-type combination will
vary as a function of the BACS energy performance class (D to
A) where class C is the reference
16
17. Establishment of comparatively
homogenous regions
Approach - establish a set of EU regions and allocate the building stock (by
type, area, and associated energy consumption) for each region. Establish a
distribution of baseline BACS efficiency classes according to the simplified
method in EN15232 ascribed per building type and region
Three regions – (based on development of BACs markets. climate and building
stock similarity):
• EU West
• EU South
• EU North
Note, within each region distribution of BACS (by class D to A) per building type will be
ascribed
17
19. Treatment by building types
The building types considered were chosen to include a mixture of residential
and commercial sector buildings distinguished according to the following
types:
• Single family homes
• Multi-family residences
• Offices
• Retail outlets
• Education establishments
• Healthcare sector buildings
• Hospitality sector buildings
• Other
19
20. Other BACS data sources include:
a) Building Automation: the Scope for Energy and CO2 Savings in the EU,
http://www.leonardo-energy.org/resources/249/building-automation-the-
scopeforenergy-and-co2-savings-in--57f7a23e8b452
b) Optimising the energy use of technical building systems – unleashing the
power of the EPBD’s Article 8, https://www.ecofys.com/files/files/ecofys-
2017-optimising-theenergyuse-of-tbs-final-report.pdf
c) Ecodesign preparatory scoping study for Building Automation and Control
Systems (BACS) implementing the Ecodesign Working Plan 2016 -2019
Ecodesign scoping study for BACS (http://www.ecodesignbacs.eu/)
d) Short Study Energy Savings Digital Heating (in German),
https://www.bdhkoeln.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Publikationen/energieei
nsparungen_dig itale_heizung_ 2017_01_12.pdf
20
21. Modelling the building stock and defining
the base case
Objective to segment EU building stock by region, building type and BACS
efficiency class (as per the simplified method of EN15232) to define the start
point for the scenarios wherein the impact of EPBD measures can be assessed
• WSE assembled and organized data on the existing EU building stock
• made use of available data sets that will allow sufficient granularity to
conduct the analysis e.g. the EU building stock observatory data
• these include previous detailed EU building stock estimation studies WSE
have been engaged in, as well as publicly available data and literature
review
• In addition, a survey conducted among of eu.bac members to derive best
estimates of the current distribution of EN15232 BACS classes by TBS and
building type across the EU
21
22. Rules of thumb help gauge likely market
maturities for BACS and future evolutions
22
23. Scenarios considered
Two scenarios were developed to consider the impact of the BACS
measures within the EPBD:
• EPBD compliant scenario (which is compliant with the recast EPBD
including with regard to the BACS-related policy measures)
• EPBD compliant without BACS scenario (same as the above except
that the BACS-related policy measures are not implemented)
• EPBD compliant with Frozen BACS scenario (as above but BACS do
not evolve)
The first scenario complies with all the provisions of the EPBD and this
can be considered to be EPBD compliant. It is directly equivalent to the
“Agreed Amendments” pathway reported in the EPBD Impact Assessment
The difference in impacts between the first two scenarios gives the
estimated impact of the BACS measures within the revised EPBD
23
24. Mapping the EPBD BACS measures to BACS
installation and replacement events
In an ordinary progression BACS may be installed whenever:
a) there is a new construction event (e.g. a new build or major
renovation project)
b) a technical building system (TBS) is renewed or replaced, or
c) as an add-on or improvement to existing control systems
• some form of BACS are almost always installed for case a) so such
events are effectively a trigger point for new BACS in ~100% of cases
• case b) will often result in renewal of BACS, at least the part of the
BACS which control the TBS in question
• case c) is the rarest case for BACS renewal
24
25. Mapping the EPBD BACS measures to BACS
installation and replacement events
The methodology simulates the expected response for BACS performance
at each trigger event under the scenarios
• For the EPBD compliant scenario it is assumed the EPBD BACS
measures are fully respected and implemented in line with the eu.bac
guidelines
• For the EPBD compliant with Frozen BACS scenario it is assumed
there are no changes in BACS performance with each trigger event
• For the EPBD compliant without BACS scenario it is assumed that the
BACS progress in line with a business as usual trend (consistent with
previous EU studies, such as the case assumed in the Smart Readiness
Indicator technical study)
Note, the EPBD measures also accelerate the trigger events for non-
residential buildings with >290kW of installed capacity
25
26. Evolution in space heating BACS class for space
heating in single family homes
Western region under the EPBD compliant with no BACS scenario
26
BACS class 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
A 0.5% 2.0% 3.5% 5.2% 7.0% 8.9% 10.9%
B 6.5% 9.8% 12.8% 15.4% 17.7% 19.7% 21.4%
C 78.4% 74.5% 70.7% 67.2% 63.8% 60.6% 57.5%
D 9.8% 9.2% 8.7% 8.1% 7.7% 7.2% 6.8%
No BACS 4.9% 4.6% 4.3% 4.1% 3.8% 3.6% 3.4%
27. Evolution in space heating BACS class for space
heating in single family homes
Western region under the EPBD compliant scenario (i.e. with BACS)
27
BACS class 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
A 1.9% 6.5% 11.2% 15.8% 20.2% 24.5% 28.6%
B 12.2% 26.7% 36.9% 43.9% 48.5% 51.2% 52.5%
C 72.4% 56.4% 44.0% 34.2% 26.7% 20.8% 16.2%
D 9.0% 6.9% 5.3% 4.0% 3.1% 2.4% 1.8%
No BACS 4.5% 3.4% 2.6% 2.0% 1.5% 1.2% 0.9%
28. Total final energy consumption by building
type under the EPBD compliant scenario
28
29. Total final energy consumption by building
type under the three scenarios
29
30. Savings in total final energy consumption
by building type due to the BACS measures
30
31. Savings from EPBD BACS measures
compared to the Frozen BACS scenario
31
37. Summary & conclusions
• The revised EPBD can be considered to be the first time the EU has
applied policy measures to promote energy savings from BACS in a
wholistic manner
• The aim of the study was to model the impact of the revised EPBD
provisions for BACS to aim to determine the impact that the BACS
measures would be expected to deliver assuming that they are fully
respected
• It is intended to complement the findings from the broader revised
EPBD impact assessment which did not explicitly address the energy
savings and other impacts related exclusively to the BACS-related
policy measures
37
38. Summary & conclusions
• it finds that if fully respected the BACS related policy measures would
be expected to produce very substantial energy savings in the EU
building stock, of the order of 14% of the building stock’s primary
energy consumption
• The value of the energy savings which would be attained are
approximately 9 times the cost of the investments required and hence
are highly cost-effective
• These are roughly consistent with an average evolution to BACS class
B capabilities so the savings could be roughly doubled again were
class A to be achieved
38
40. Task 1. Building stock data sources
40
a) Data on the prevalence and energy consumption and performance of
equipment are available through the Ecodesign Impact Assessments and the
Ecodesign Impact Accounting Status Reports.
https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/studies/ecodesign-impact-accounting-0
b) EU Building Stock Observatory https://ec.europa.eu/energy/en/eubuildings
c) EU Build-up website
d) Ecofys (2016) Final Report ' Assessment of policy options for the review of
Directive 2010/31/EU', Prepared for the European Commission contract
ENER/C3/2012409/FV2015523, 2016
e) Fraunhofer EC (2016) Final Report, 'Mapping and analyses of the current and
future (2020 - 2030) heating/cooling fuel deployment (fossil/renewables)',
prepared European Commission under contract N°ENER/C2/2014-641, 2016
f) VHK EC (2014) Final report 'Average EU building heat load for HVAC
equipment', VHK, 2014
41. Data sources – EPCs, EEOs, general
41
a) Deutsches Institut für Bautechnik – DIB holds a central EPC register for
Germany https://www.dibt.de/de/wir-bieten/enev-registrierstelle
b) France – National database Diagnostic de Performance Energétique +
certificates blanches (Ademe)
c) Italy – SHAPE a multi-tier web portal that allows regions to access and
analyse their own raw data, and other users (citizens, trades, local
authorities) to retrieve aggregated data. These data will be analysed and
published by ENEA
d) Etc…
42. EPC class by building category – example of
UK non-res buildings
42
43. EPC class by building category – often
weakly correlated with actual energy use
Example of UK non-res buildings
43