The document discusses Nigeria's Gas Flare Commercialization Program (NGFCP) and its potential impact on the domestic gas market. It provides an overview of the NGFCP, which aims to develop a framework to monetize flared gas by providing access to flare sites. It also discusses barriers to Nigeria's domestic gas industry, including infrastructure challenges, gas pricing issues, and lack of development in the downstream sector. The document recommends ways to improve the bankability and impact of the NGFCP, such as addressing infrastructure and cash flow certainty concerns, and fostering appropriate market structures to allow power companies to recover costs of procuring gas.
Oil Producers Turn Wellhead Flare Gas Headaches into BenefitsStephen Rach
Berg Chilling Systems Inc. and GTUIT have teamed up to launch GTUIT Core System, a game changing solution to the wellhead gas challenge. GTUIT Core enables oil producers to reduce environmental impact of their operations, reduce production costs and increase revenue.
Le 05 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) BusinessNsulangi Paul
This module describes natural gas business globally. Gives details explanation on various activities connected to this liquid energy business as such LNG value chain, structures, factors to consider on capacity, number of facilities and expected global LNG business.
Le 02 natural gas exploration and productionNsulangi Paul
This presentation demonstrates activities concerning natural gas exploration and production. The contents point out activities associated with natural gas upstream such as searching and extracting natural gas either offshore or onshore fields.
Turnkey CNG Station Construction – Planning and Building Your CNG Station
-Site selection
-Budgeting
-Turnkey Operations options & financing
-Overview of permitting in various jurisdictions??
-Review documentation (transmittals, general arrangements, drawings, manuals, etc.),
-Equipment layout
-Cabling and piping trenches
-Installation services
-Civil installation services procurement
Le 03 Natural Gas (NG) Transportation and DistributionNsulangi Paul
This module describes means of transportation and distribution of natural gas from production area to the end user or consumers. The module analyzes various methods such as pipeline, liquefied natural gas (LNG), compressed natural gas (CNG), gas to liquid fuel (GtL), gas to wire (GtW) as well as gas to hydrate (GtH).
Oil Producers Turn Wellhead Flare Gas Headaches into BenefitsStephen Rach
Berg Chilling Systems Inc. and GTUIT have teamed up to launch GTUIT Core System, a game changing solution to the wellhead gas challenge. GTUIT Core enables oil producers to reduce environmental impact of their operations, reduce production costs and increase revenue.
Le 05 Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) BusinessNsulangi Paul
This module describes natural gas business globally. Gives details explanation on various activities connected to this liquid energy business as such LNG value chain, structures, factors to consider on capacity, number of facilities and expected global LNG business.
Le 02 natural gas exploration and productionNsulangi Paul
This presentation demonstrates activities concerning natural gas exploration and production. The contents point out activities associated with natural gas upstream such as searching and extracting natural gas either offshore or onshore fields.
Turnkey CNG Station Construction – Planning and Building Your CNG Station
-Site selection
-Budgeting
-Turnkey Operations options & financing
-Overview of permitting in various jurisdictions??
-Review documentation (transmittals, general arrangements, drawings, manuals, etc.),
-Equipment layout
-Cabling and piping trenches
-Installation services
-Civil installation services procurement
Le 03 Natural Gas (NG) Transportation and DistributionNsulangi Paul
This module describes means of transportation and distribution of natural gas from production area to the end user or consumers. The module analyzes various methods such as pipeline, liquefied natural gas (LNG), compressed natural gas (CNG), gas to liquid fuel (GtL), gas to wire (GtW) as well as gas to hydrate (GtH).
A Compelling Case for CNG Vehicles
Natural Gas Vehicle Applications Include:
-Airport taxi & shuttle serivices
-Beverage & regional distribution
-Municipal services & maintenance
-Transit & school bus
& several others
CNGVA President Discusses The Business Case for Natural Gas Vehicle Use in Canada
-Overview of the business case for Canadian medium- and heavy-duty fleets
-Several fleet examples including refuse, transit, and highway tractor
-Brief discussion of available factory-built vehicles and engines
-Cold weather performance experience and learnings
-Brief discussion of required facility changes and case examples
-How to understand natural gas fuel pricing and how it compares with diesel pricing
Natural Gas Vehicle Facility Modifications 101, Stephe Yborra, Director, Markets & Technologies Development, NGVAmerica.org & Rick Mendoza, Director of Facility Modifications, Clean Energy Fuels.
Stephe Yborra will lead a comprehensive overview of recommended facility modifications for CNG & LNG fuelling.
Will cover a comprehensive list of the applicable codes and standards for maintenance facilities to accommodate natural gas vehicles. The presentation outlines the intent, rational, and assumptions behind the codes, and it contains a decision tree to ensure facilities meet requirements without over-modifying.
Panelist, Rick Mendoza, Director of Facility Modification Services for Clean Energy Fuels will contribute throughout and be involved in Q&A providing answers and perspectives on critical specification, design and installation questions
Making the CNG Virtual Pipeline a Reality for Transportation Natural Gas (TNG)Jolynn Kennedy, CIMS-GB
No natural gas pipeline? No problem. You can facilitate off-pipeline vehicle fueling for CNG transportation fleet. Learn how by checking out this informative presentation by Broadwind | SAFE, XNG and Hexagon Composites.
A Compelling Case for CNG Vehicles
Natural Gas Vehicle Applications Include:
-Airport taxi & shuttle serivices
-Beverage & regional distribution
-Municipal services & maintenance
-Transit & school bus
& several others
CNGVA President Discusses The Business Case for Natural Gas Vehicle Use in Canada
-Overview of the business case for Canadian medium- and heavy-duty fleets
-Several fleet examples including refuse, transit, and highway tractor
-Brief discussion of available factory-built vehicles and engines
-Cold weather performance experience and learnings
-Brief discussion of required facility changes and case examples
-How to understand natural gas fuel pricing and how it compares with diesel pricing
Natural Gas Vehicle Facility Modifications 101, Stephe Yborra, Director, Markets & Technologies Development, NGVAmerica.org & Rick Mendoza, Director of Facility Modifications, Clean Energy Fuels.
Stephe Yborra will lead a comprehensive overview of recommended facility modifications for CNG & LNG fuelling.
Will cover a comprehensive list of the applicable codes and standards for maintenance facilities to accommodate natural gas vehicles. The presentation outlines the intent, rational, and assumptions behind the codes, and it contains a decision tree to ensure facilities meet requirements without over-modifying.
Panelist, Rick Mendoza, Director of Facility Modification Services for Clean Energy Fuels will contribute throughout and be involved in Q&A providing answers and perspectives on critical specification, design and installation questions
Making the CNG Virtual Pipeline a Reality for Transportation Natural Gas (TNG)Jolynn Kennedy, CIMS-GB
No natural gas pipeline? No problem. You can facilitate off-pipeline vehicle fueling for CNG transportation fleet. Learn how by checking out this informative presentation by Broadwind | SAFE, XNG and Hexagon Composites.
Gas Arabia Summit: Unconventional Gas Developments in the GulfEnergy Intelligence
Rana Samaha, Middle East R&A Director at Energy Intelligence, presented at the 10th Gas Arabia Summit, Dubai, January 13, 2015.
These slides include content on:
1.) US Shale gas developments: Key success factors
2.) GCC gas imbalances; role of unconventional gas developments
3.) GCC NOC's different approaches; Saudi Aramco's mandate
16. NECS 2016 _ Energy - Expanding the oil &; gas potential for north east- M...FICCINorthEast
Presentation made at 3rd Northeast Connectivity Summit,2016 on Expanding the oil &; gas potential for Northeast by Mr. P. Padmanabhan, Managing Director, NRL
Gas - Dominant Energy of the Future by Babs OmotowaE. Daniel
Nigeria LNG Limited MD, Babs Omotowa, was recently at a symposium titled: Nigeria’s energy revolution-A-glimpse at the future,” held in honour of a former NNPC Group Managing Director Chief Festus Marinho in Lagos. He presented this.
Moving the Oil and Gas Sector to the Next Level
2013 Ministerial Mid-term press briefing
Presentation by Diezani Alison-Madueke (Mrs.) CON Honourable Minister, Ministry of Petroleum Resources
Currently, the Nigerian gas-to-electricity project has over 1,000km of pipelines. For an electricity revolution based mainly on gas, Nigeria will need about 10,000km of gas pipeline infrastructure as well as adequate security measures to curb the menace of gas pipeline vandalisation. The questions arising from the gas to power proposal include the following: Who will be investing all the needed finances? Is the domestic gas price attractive to encourage investors to invest in gas exploration and pipeline expansion? Will the extant enabling policies ensure returns on investment? How sustainable is the available gas reserves to meet the needs of future generations? If realisable, will the expansion of the gas pipelines infrastructure guarantee sustainable and accessible power to all Nigerians especially those in the off-grid communities?
Etude PwC sur le secteur des hydrocarbures en Afrique (2014)PwC France
http://bit.ly/AfricaOilandGas
Selon l’étude de PwC "Africa Oil & Gas review – On the brink of a boom", qui analyse les perspectives de développement du secteur pétrolier et gazier sur le continent à travers les avis de 55 acteurs du secteur (présents sur les segments de l’exploration et la production, la distribution, le raffinage et les services), l’industrie du pétrole et du gaz en Afrique va connaître une forte croissance, avec l’apparition de nouvelles régions productrices de gaz comme le Mozambique et la Tanzanie, et de pétrole notamment au Nigéria, en Angola, au Congo et en Côte d’Ivoire.
Selon les entreprises interrogées, si la croissance et l’investissement sont au rendez-vous, les enjeux réglementaires et en termes de fraude restent importants.
Indian oil & gas Industry - the prime mover of indian Economy
Similar to The impact of gas flare commercialization program on the Nigerian domestic gas market olawunmi olatunji nape 2019 presentation ngcp_final (20)
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
"𝑩𝑬𝑮𝑼𝑵 𝑾𝑰𝑻𝑯 𝑻𝑱 𝑰𝑺 𝑯𝑨𝑳𝑭 𝑫𝑶𝑵𝑬"
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 (𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐮𝐧𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬) is a professional event agency that includes experts in the event-organizing market in Vietnam, Korea, and ASEAN countries. We provide unlimited types of events from Music concerts, Fan meetings, and Culture festivals to Corporate events, Internal company events, Golf tournaments, MICE events, and Exhibitions.
𝐓𝐉 𝐂𝐨𝐦𝐬 provides unlimited package services including such as Event organizing, Event planning, Event production, Manpower, PR marketing, Design 2D/3D, VIP protocols, Interpreter agency, etc.
Sports events - Golf competitions/billiards competitions/company sports events: dynamic and challenging
⭐ 𝐅𝐞𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐣𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐬:
➢ 2024 BAEKHYUN [Lonsdaleite] IN HO CHI MINH
➢ SUPER JUNIOR-L.S.S. THE SHOW : Th3ee Guys in HO CHI MINH
➢FreenBecky 1st Fan Meeting in Vietnam
➢CHILDREN ART EXHIBITION 2024: BEYOND BARRIERS
➢ WOW K-Music Festival 2023
➢ Winner [CROSS] Tour in HCM
➢ Super Show 9 in HCM with Super Junior
➢ HCMC - Gyeongsangbuk-do Culture and Tourism Festival
➢ Korean Vietnam Partnership - Fair with LG
➢ Korean President visits Samsung Electronics R&D Center
➢ Vietnam Food Expo with Lotte Wellfood
"𝐄𝐯𝐞𝐫𝐲 𝐞𝐯𝐞𝐧𝐭 𝐢𝐬 𝐚 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐲, 𝐚 𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐣𝐨𝐮𝐫𝐧𝐞𝐲. 𝐖𝐞 𝐚𝐥𝐰𝐚𝐲𝐬 𝐛𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐞𝐯𝐞 𝐭𝐡𝐚𝐭 𝐬𝐡𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐥𝐲 𝐲𝐨𝐮 𝐰𝐢𝐥𝐥 𝐛𝐞 𝐚 𝐩𝐚𝐫𝐭 𝐨𝐟 𝐨𝐮𝐫 𝐬𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬."
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
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Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
RMD24 | Retail media: hoe zet je dit in als je geen AH of Unilever bent? Heid...BBPMedia1
Grote partijen zijn al een tijdje onderweg met retail media. Ondertussen worden in dit domein ook de kansen zichtbaar voor andere spelers in de markt. Maar met die kansen ontstaan ook vragen: Zelf retail media worden of erop adverteren? In welke fase van de funnel past het en hoe integreer je het in een mediaplan? Wat is nu precies het verschil met marketplaces en Programmatic ads? In dit half uur beslechten we de dilemma's en krijg je antwoorden op wanneer het voor jou tijd is om de volgende stap te zetten.
Remote sensing and monitoring are changing the mining industry for the better. These are providing innovative solutions to long-standing challenges. Those related to exploration, extraction, and overall environmental management by mining technology companies Odisha. These technologies make use of satellite imaging, aerial photography and sensors to collect data that might be inaccessible or from hazardous locations. With the use of this technology, mining operations are becoming increasingly efficient. Let us gain more insight into the key aspects associated with remote sensing and monitoring when it comes to mining.
Premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions for Modern BusinessesSynapseIndia
Stay ahead of the curve with our premium MEAN Stack Development Solutions. Our expert developers utilize MongoDB, Express.js, AngularJS, and Node.js to create modern and responsive web applications. Trust us for cutting-edge solutions that drive your business growth and success.
Know more: https://www.synapseindia.com/technology/mean-stack-development-company.html
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Affordable Stationery Printing Services in Jaipur | Navpack n PrintNavpack & Print
Looking for professional printing services in Jaipur? Navpack n Print offers high-quality and affordable stationery printing for all your business needs. Stand out with custom stationery designs and fast turnaround times. Contact us today for a quote!
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
Unveiling the Secrets How Does Generative AI Work.pdfSam H
At its core, generative artificial intelligence relies on the concept of generative models, which serve as engines that churn out entirely new data resembling their training data. It is like a sculptor who has studied so many forms found in nature and then uses this knowledge to create sculptures from his imagination that have never been seen before anywhere else. If taken to cyberspace, gans work almost the same way.
[Note: This is a partial preview. To download this presentation, visit:
https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations]
Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
Leading companies such as Nike, Toyota, and Siemens are prioritizing sustainable innovation in their business models, setting an example for others to follow. In this Sustainability training presentation, you will learn key concepts, principles, and practices of sustainability applicable across industries. This training aims to create awareness and educate employees, senior executives, consultants, and other key stakeholders, including investors, policymakers, and supply chain partners, on the importance and implementation of sustainability.
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
CONTENTS
1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
To download the complete presentation, visit: https://www.oeconsulting.com.sg/training-presentations
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
In this comprehensive presentation, we will explore strategies and practical tips for enhancing profitability in small businesses. Tailored to meet the unique challenges faced by small enterprises, this session covers various aspects that directly impact the bottom line. Attendees will learn how to optimize operational efficiency, manage expenses, and increase revenue through innovative marketing and customer engagement techniques.
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
7. Gas Flaring: History & Global Perspective
Billions of cubic
meters of natural gas
is flared annually at oil
production sites
around the globe.
Introduction- Worldview
9. Gas Flaring Nigeria : Historical Perspective
• Progress has been recorded in
the fight against routine gas
flaring over the last 20 years.
• Production and gas flare data
from NNPC 2001 and 2016,
show that although the volume
of gas produced increased by
over 90%.
• Volume of gas flared reduced
by about 38% .
Source: Budgit, Gas flaring A real and present danger, Pg. 6
Introduction Gas Flaring Nigeria : Historical Perspective
10. WHY GAS FLARING?
• Associated gas is found in association with oil within
the reservoir.
• During production, with a decrease in pressure, gas
is exsolved from solution at bubble point.
• The gas is flared when barriers to the development
of gas markets and gas infrastructure prevent it
from being used.
• Gas is sometimes flared for safety reasons.
11. • Gas valued at $1.0 billion USD was flared in Nigeria
between June 2018 and July, 2019.
• The NGFCP was established to develop a
reliable commercial framework for the monetisation
of flared gas by providing flare gas buyers with license
and access to flare gas.
• The petroleum act provides a regulatory frame work for
the NGFCP.
• Under this act, the Federal Government vests the right to
take natural gas produced with crude oil by the licensee
or lessee free of cost at the flare or at an agreed cost
and without payment of royalty.
Overview of Nigerian gas Flaring Commercialization Program (NGFCP)
178 gas
flare
sites
330bscf
gas
annually
Power for
4 Million
Households
Eliminate
20 Million
tonnes of
CO2
450,000
MT LPG
NGFCP ECONOMIC BENEFITS
12. Source: Financial Nigeria, Commercializing flared gas in Nigeria, 2019
• NGFCP is offering flare gas for sale
by FGN through a bidding process.
• The Bid Process is market-driven,
transparent & competitive
procurement process.
• FGN will select Preferred Bidders
who will pay Milestone Bond and
sign Commercial Agreements.
Overview of Nigerian gas Flaring Commercialization Program (NGFCP)
14. Gas Flaring Nigeria : Historical Perspective
What are the barriers to the development of gas
Availability: Driven by geology and reserves
Accessibility: Driven by Legislation- Infrastructure & Pricing
Affordability: Driven by the above
15. Gas Flaring Nigeria : Historical Perspective
What are the barriers to the development of gas
Availability: Driven by geology and reserves
Reserve: 202 TCF, 9th in the world , Largest in Africa
Resources: 600TCF
Flare- 330 bscf/d
Accessibility: Driven by Legislation- Infrastructure & Pricing
Affordability: Driven by the above
16. Gas Flaring Nigeria : Historical Perspective
What are the barriers to the development of gas
Availability: Driven by geology and reserves
Accessibility: Driven by Legislation- Infrastructure & Pricing
Affordability: Driven by the above
17. Gas Legislation in Nigeria :
Since Oloibiri
Other significant projects
Escravos gas pipeline,
Oso condensate project,
West African Gas Pipeline ,
Gas flaring Continued
Unabated- Flare Penalty
payment made instead
1958
1979
1998
2008
2017
Oloibiri
Gas Re-injection
Act
Associated
Gas-framework
Agreement
• Crude Oil and AG Production started
• No Regulatory Framework for gas
• Gas treated as nuisance by-product
• Associated Gas Re-Injection Act Enacted
• Penalty regime for flaring introduced in
1985
Fiscal Incentives for AG & NAG Introduced
Incentive extended to NAG in 1999
NLNG Commenced Operations in 1999
• National Domestic Gas Supply and Pricing Policy/Regulations
• National Gas Policy
• Flare Gas (Prevention of Waste and
Pollution) Regulations 2018
18. • 2008 National Domestic Gas Supply and
Pricing Policy is a Gas Pricing framework that
allows produced gas to be sold through the
Domestic Supply Obligation (DSO).
• Every gas producer must allocate a portion of
their production to the DSO before they can
allocate any gas to other commercial
obligations.
• Gas pricing at $3.0 for LDC and $2.5 gas to
power, still falls short of international market
spot price. ($3.16; US, $ 7.68; UK, $10.6;
Asia).
• Higher International gas prices create a
preference for exports.
Gas Pricing
Image Source: Fepsan Nigeria.
19. • Although, gas export provides high return –
Govt tax receipts, investor equity stake.
• It creates a shortfall in availability of gas for
domestic Utilization, threatens industrialization
and economy.
• Demand is driven by growth in power sector &
gas based industries ( fertilizer and methanol)
which are unable to compete in high gas cost.
Gas Pricing
20. High upfront capital costs for related
infrastructure.
• Pipelines, LNG transportation
(liquefaction, tankers, and regasification),
and storage facilities all require billions.
Issues with purchasers
• Gas to power transactions often require Anchor
customers
• Liquidity crunch in Power sector- Power companies
have large payment gaps because
✓ There are difficulties in revenue collection.
Price distortions
• Political pressures to keep domestic gas prices low
often causes artificial availability constraints. This
drives gas producers to favor export.
Adapted From: GAS-TO-POWER VALUE CHAIN Mark Thurber
Domestic Gas Industry- GAS TO POWER
21. • There is a latent domestic demand for
gas (LPG) in Nigeria , consumption
increased from 70,000 MT/A
to 470,000 MT/A over a few years
• LP Gas is the least utilized of the four
major cooking fuels – Firewood,
Kerosene, Charcoal, Gas.
• Per capita consumption is just close to
2kg in Nigeria which is comparatively
less than other West African countries
like Ghana (4.7kg) and Senegal (9kg)
per capita (WLPGA).
Domestic Gas Industry – LPG
Source: Domestic LPG Market Growth Abdul-Kadir K. Ahmed, Nigeria LNG Limited Pg. 3
22. Pipelines
• Inefficient gas pipeline development
framework.
• FGN though agencies control most of
pipeline network. Limited private sector
participation
• Pipeline infrastructures are not enough to
meet the local demand of natural gas.
• Pipeline capacity is 2.9 bscf/d (2.0 bscf/d
western 0.9 bscf/d east).
• Existing policies- Vague does not does not
set out the framework for sustainable gas
pipeline infrastructure
Domestic Gas Industry- Infrastructure Upstream
Adapted From: Domestic LPG Market Growth Abdul-Kadir K. Ahmed, Nigeria LNG Limited
Retail Gas Outlets
Retail Gas Outlets
Cylinders & components
Shipping Bulk Storage
Production & Processing
Interior Transportation
Adapted From: Domestic LPG Market Growth Abdul-Kadir K. Ahmed, Nigeria LNG Limited
23. Adapted From: Domestic LPG Market Growth Abdul-Kadir K. Ahmed, Nigeria LNG Limited
The information regarding Nigeria pipelines on this page is re-published from various sources, www.theodora.com
TOTAL 4541 KM
GAS 992 KM
OIL 1239 KM
PRODUCTS 2310 KM
Pipelines
225
90
24. Shipping –
• Insufficient low-draft vessels
• Inadequacies in shipping operations leading
to high freight cost
• Maritime Security
• Jetty occupancy, availability & turnaround
times
Bulk Storage –
• Inadequate and unevenly spread
receiving terminals – Only 2
operational terminal in Lagos
• Limited jetty availability – few jetties
& low priority for LPG in Lagos
Terminals
Adapted From: Domestic LPG Market Growth Abdul-Kadir K. Ahmed, Nigeria LNG Limited
Retail Gas Outlets
Retail Gas Outlets
Cylinders & components
Shipping Bulk Storage
Production & Processing
Interior Transportation
Domestic Gas Industry- Infrastructure Downstream
25. Inadequate Interior Transportation Infrastructure –
• Road network/functional pipeline/ rail network
• Few Trucks
• Insufficient bottling plants – 350 nationwide
mainly in the south.
Retail Outlets
• Low per capita household coverage
• Unethical, Sub-standard & unsafe operations
Domestic Gas Industry- Infrastructure Downstream contd.
Retail Gas Outlets
Retail Gas Outlets
Cylinders & components
Shipping Bulk Storage
Production & Processing
Interior Transportation
Adapted From: Domestic LPG Market Growth Abdul-Kadir K. Ahmed, Nigeria LNG Limited
26. 26
Bankability
Bankability of a project is the
level of willingness of
prospective lenders to finance
the project with what amount
and under what conditions.
Review of NGFCP’s
Bankability
27. Review of NGFCP’s Bankability
Legal Framework
Political Risk
Project Location
Technical & Commercial
Capabilities
Cashflow Certainty
Project
Bankability
Legal Framework
Political Risk
Project Location
Technical & Commercial Capabilities
Cashflow Certainty
Players will be required to execute several agreements
- Ensure adequacy & enforceability of contracts and agreemen
e.g. Deliver or Pay agreements
The lack of interconnecting gas pipelines
between the flare points and remote locations
difficult terrains of a number of flare points
may require investors to make significant investments in
building access roads and
transmission/transportation infrastructure
Just like any upstream oil & gas business capability is key
-Competency in Flare Gas Recovery System
Projects are large & parties must work with the right
-Technical & financial partners with proven capability to
provide or raise funding for their proposed projects.
Likelihood of project to be
affected by change
In the countries political conditions.
Project Finance >7 years, Political Rule ~ 4
The NGFCP poses unique challenges of security of gas supply
because it can be interrupted by activities
that affect or disrupt oil production.
Players are advised to
-Consider this supply risk into their plans.
-Also, consider the target market for the gas products,
plans to identify, reach and serve them.
-Prioritize procuring a guaranteed offtake
as this will significantly enhance
commercial viability of the project
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
POLITICAL RISKS
PROJECT LOCATIONS
TECHNICAL & COMMERCIAL CAPABILITY
CASHFLOW CERTAINTY
29. • Addressing the infrastructure
deficit, players should consider
alternative solutions such as
• Mini gas to liquid plants with
capacity of 100,000scfd to
300,000 scfd ($1.5 to $2.0
million) per installation.
• Innovative virtual pipeline
system.
30. • Greenville LNG is the pioneer
Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)
production and distribution company in
Nigeria
• Plant is located in Rumuji, Rivers State
• 3 liquefaction trains which produce
2250 Tons/day
• Initial fleet of 300 LNG fueled trucks
and 23MT cryogenic tankers, which
travel more than 1000km without
refueling
• Capacity to supply 1MW to 250MW
• Investment of $500M
Innovative virtual pipeline system- The Greenville Case
31. • Addressing Critical factors that may
affect bankability-
• Certainty of Cashflow is a critical
risk that the program faces.
• The issues pertaining to
availability of flare gas in relation
to oil production must be carefully
considered in the financial
projections.
• This and other risk factors must be
accounted for and mitigated in
order to secure their offtake.
32. Addressing Pricing distortions
• For a sustainable provision of gas
for domestic use, power
companies must be able to
recover the cost of procuring
market-priced gas and running
gas-powered plant from their
customers.
• This can only be possible if there
are appropriate market structures
in the gas & electric market.
34. • NGFCP is a Laudable Initiative & will
positively impact the domestic value chain if
economically viable domestic gas markets
are in place.
• NGFCP could contribute to increase gas
production and supply.
• Improving Infrastructure by facilitating
Investment along the supply chain will
ensure the positive impact is felt along the
domestic gas value chain particularly for
LPG use.
• NGFCP can facilitate some gas to power
projects.
• Successful development of gas for domestic
power requires careful attention to gas and
Domestic Gas Industry – NCFCP’
35. ABOUT BROCKVILLE INVESTMENTS
WHO WE ARE
Brockville Investments is an energy & natural resources asset
management company.
WHAT WE DO
We combine technical and market expertise to deliver research
& project development services to a wide variety of clients in
oil, gas, power, renewable energy and Agriculture industries
OUR SERVICES
Asset Management
1.Oil, gas & mineral reserve evaluations
2.Project Economics (Financial and economic modelling )
3.Due diligence and resource audit services
4.Project Costing and Estimation
5.Technical Feasibility studies
6.Project development & management
Strategy and market forecasting
1) Market research
2) Impact studies
3) Monitoring and evaluation
CONTACT US
www.brockvilleinvestments.africa
info@brockvilleinvestments.africa
