The Great Wall of China was built along China's northern borders to protect against nomadic groups and military incursions. It also served purposes like imposing duties on goods along the Silk Road, regulating trade, and controlling immigration. The Great Pyramid of Giza in Egypt is the oldest and largest of the three pyramids at the Giza Necropolis. It is also the oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. The Great Sphinx of Giza is a large limestone statue located on the Giza Plateau in Egypt, and is the world's largest monolith statue. Confucius was a Chinese teacher and philosopher from the Spring and Autumn Period who emphasized morality, social relationships, justice, and

1. The Great Wall of China is a series of fortifications made of stone, brick, tamped earth, wood, and other
materials, generally built along an east-to-west line across the historical northern borders of China in
part to protect the Chinese Empire or its prototypical states against intrusions by various nomadic
groups or military incursions by various warlike peoples or forces.
Other purposes of the Great Wall have included border controls, allowing the imposition of duties on
goods transported along the Silk Road, regulation or encouragement of trade and the control of
immigration and emigration.
The Great Pyramid of Giza (also known as the Pyramid of Khufu or the Pyramid of Cheops) is the oldest
and largest of the three pyramids in the Giza Necropolis bordering what is now El Giza, Egypt. It is the
oldest of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, and the only one to remain largely intact.
The Great Sphinx of Giza), commonly referred to as the Sphinx, is a limestonestatue of a reclining or
couchantsphinx (a mythical creature with a lion's body and a human head) that stands on the Giza
Plateau on the west bank of the Nile in Giza, Egypt.It is the largest monolith statue in the world, standing
73.5 metres (241 ft) long, 19.3 metres (63 ft) wide, and 20.22 m (66.34 ft) high.[1] It is the oldest known
monumental sculpture, and is commonly believed to have been built by ancient Egyptians of the Old
Kingdom during the reign of the PharaohKhafra (c. 2558–2532 BC).[

2. Confucius (551–479 BCE)[1] was a Chinese teacher, editor, politician, and philosopher of the Spring and
Autumn Period of Chinese history. The philosophy of Confucius emphasized personal and governmental
morality, correctness of social relationships, justice and sincerity.Confucius is traditionally credited with
having authored or edited many of the Chinese classic texts including all of the Five Classics, but modern
scholars are cautious of attributing specific assertions to Confucius himself.Confucius's principles had a
basis in common Chinese tradition and belief.