The document describes the three main climate zones of the Earth: hot, temperate, and cold zones. The hot zone includes equatorial, tropical, and desert climates, characterized by high temperatures. The temperate zone sits between the tropics and polar circles, featuring oceanic, continental, and Mediterranean climates. The cold zone is inside the polar circles with polar and high mountain climates that have very low temperatures. Each climate zone and type is defined by characteristics like temperature, precipitation, landscape, and human life.

1. TTHEHE CCLIMATESLIMATES OOFF TTHEHE
EEARTHARTH

2. • The hot zone is situated between the two tropics.The hot zone is situated between the two tropics.
• The temperature is ever high, because the sun´s rays fallThe temperature is ever high, because the sun´s rays fall
almost vertically on the Earth´s surface.almost vertically on the Earth´s surface.
• There are three hot climates:There are three hot climates:
• Equatorial ClimateEquatorial Climate
• Tropical ClimateTropical Climate
• Desert ClimateDesert Climate
THE HOT ZONETHE HOT ZONE

3. THE TEMPERATE ZONETHE TEMPERATE ZONE
• The Temperate Zone is situated between the TropicsThe Temperate Zone is situated between the Tropics
and the Polar Circles.and the Polar Circles.
• It has a temperate temperature, because the sun´s raysIt has a temperate temperature, because the sun´s rays
are received obliquely.are received obliquely.
• There are three temperate climates:There are three temperate climates:
• Continental ClimateContinental Climate
• Oceanic or Atlantic ClimateOceanic or Atlantic Climate
• Mediterranean ClimateMediterranean Climate

4. THE COLD ZONETHE COLD ZONE
• The Cold Zone is situated inside the polar circles.The Cold Zone is situated inside the polar circles.
• The temperature is very low, because the sun´sThe temperature is very low, because the sun´s
rays are received tangentially (2 seasons).rays are received tangentially (2 seasons).
• The are two cold climates:The are two cold climates:
• Polar ClimatePolar Climate
• High Mountain ClimateHigh Mountain Climate

5. THE HOT ZONETHE HOT ZONE

6. EQUATORIAL CLIMATEEQUATORIAL CLIMATE
• TEMPERATURE: It has constant and very hot temperatures.TEMPERATURE: It has constant and very hot temperatures.
• PRECIPITATION: It has abundant precipitation (over 2.000 mm. aPRECIPITATION: It has abundant precipitation (over 2.000 mm. a
year).year).
• RIVERS: The equatorial rivers are regular, wide and fast-flowing.RIVERS: The equatorial rivers are regular, wide and fast-flowing.
• LANDSCAPE: JungleLANDSCAPE: Jungle
• HUMAN LIFE: Pygmies, Amazon Natives, etc.HUMAN LIFE: Pygmies, Amazon Natives, etc.

7. TROPICAL CLIMATETROPICAL CLIMATE
• TEMPERATURE: It has constant and very hot temperatures.TEMPERATURE: It has constant and very hot temperatures.
• PRECIPITATION: It has abundant precipitation, but they are concentrated inPRECIPITATION: It has abundant precipitation, but they are concentrated in
one period: the wet season (dry season).one period: the wet season (dry season).
• RIVERS: They are irregular and smaller than equatorial rivers.RIVERS: They are irregular and smaller than equatorial rivers.
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE:
– Savannah: made up of grassSavannah: made up of grass
• HUMAN LIFE:HUMAN LIFE: There are nomadic and sedentary population (Serere, Podoko, Kikuyo).There are nomadic and sedentary population (Serere, Podoko, Kikuyo).

8. DESERT CLIMATEDESERT CLIMATE
• TEMPERATURE:TEMPERATURE:
• The hot deserts: They have very hot temperatures.The hot deserts: They have very hot temperatures.
• The cold deserts: They have very cold winters.The cold deserts: They have very cold winters.
• PRECIPITATION:PRECIPITATION: It has very low precipitation level (below 200mm. a year).It has very low precipitation level (below 200mm. a year).
• RIVERS:RIVERS:
• UadisUadis : Irregular and narrow rivers.: Irregular and narrow rivers.
• OasesOases
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE: DESERTDESERT
 Sandy Deserts - DunesSandy Deserts - Dunes
 Stony DesertsStony Deserts
 Rocky DesertsRocky Deserts
• HUMAN LIFE:HUMAN LIFE: Tuaregs, Bedouin, MongolsTuaregs, Bedouin, Mongols

9. THE TEMPERATETHE TEMPERATE
ZONEZONE

10. OCEANIC CLIMATEOCEANIC CLIMATE
• LOCATIONLOCATION:: Is situated on the western coasts of the temperate zone.Is situated on the western coasts of the temperate zone.
• TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE: is: is mild all year round because of the influence of the ocean. Summersmild all year round because of the influence of the ocean. Summers
are cool and winters are mildare cool and winters are mild..
• PRECIPITATION: isPRECIPITATION: is abundant and regular. It rains in all the seasons.abundant and regular. It rains in all the seasons.
• RIVERS:RIVERS: They are regular, wide and fast-flowing.They are regular, wide and fast-flowing.
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE:
• ATLANTIC FOREST - Made up ofATLANTIC FOREST - Made up of
• deciduous trees, like beechdeciduous trees, like beech
• and oaks trees.and oaks trees.
• HUMAN LIFE:HUMAN LIFE: The oceanic areas are very populated because the mild climate, the fertileThe oceanic areas are very populated because the mild climate, the fertile
soils and the forests explotation.soils and the forests explotation.

11. CONTINENTAL CLIMATECONTINENTAL CLIMATE
• LOCATIONLOCATION:: Is situated only in the northern hemisphere (Europe, AsiaIs situated only in the northern hemisphere (Europe, Asia
and North America).and North America).
• TEMPERATURETEMPERATURE:: It has extreme temperaturesIt has extreme temperatures::
– The winters are very cold.The winters are very cold.
– The summers are very hot.The summers are very hot.
• PRECIPITATION: isPRECIPITATION: is concentrated in summer.concentrated in summer.
• RIVERS:RIVERS: The rivers are frozen in winterThe rivers are frozen in winter
and they grow in springand they grow in spring
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE:
-- TAIGA or northern forest: made up of conifersTAIGA or northern forest: made up of conifers
(evergreen trees)(evergreen trees)
-- GRASSLAND: A zone covered with tall grass.GRASSLAND: A zone covered with tall grass.
- STEPPE: Made up of short grasses.- STEPPE: Made up of short grasses.
• HUMAN LIFE:HUMAN LIFE: Grassland are quite populated, but the population in the taigaGrassland are quite populated, but the population in the taiga
is scarce.is scarce.

12. MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATEMEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE
• LOCATIONLOCATION:: Is situated near the Mediterranean Sea (Example: Spain)Is situated near the Mediterranean Sea (Example: Spain)
• TEMPERATURESTEMPERATURES:: It has very hot and dry summers and mildIt has very hot and dry summers and mild
winters.winters.
• PRECIPITATIONS:PRECIPITATIONS: Aren´t abundant (droughts) and it rains only inAren´t abundant (droughts) and it rains only in
winter.winter.
• RIVERS:RIVERS: As a consequence, rivers are irregularAs a consequence, rivers are irregular
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE:
-- MEDITERRANEAN FOREST:MEDITERRANEAN FOREST:
Made up of small and evergreen trees,Made up of small and evergreen trees,
like holm oak and cork trees.like holm oak and cork trees.
• HUMAN LIFEHUMAN LIFE: Because the climate, the Mediterranean areas are veryBecause the climate, the Mediterranean areas are very
populated. The agriculture and the tourism are very important.populated. The agriculture and the tourism are very important.

13. THE COLD ZONETHE COLD ZONE

14. POLAR CLIMATEPOLAR CLIMATE
• LOCATIONLOCATION:: Is situated inside the polar circles.Is situated inside the polar circles.
• TEMPERATURESTEMPERATURES:: Is the coldest climate in the world.Is the coldest climate in the world.
– Winter is long and hard (between -20° C and -50° C)Winter is long and hard (between -20° C and -50° C)
– Summer doesn´t exist.Summer doesn´t exist.
• PRECIPITATIONS:PRECIPITATIONS: are scarce and they fall in the form of snow.are scarce and they fall in the form of snow.
• RIVERS:RIVERS: are frozen all the year.are frozen all the year.
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE:
-- INLANDSISINLANDSIS –– ice cap that coversice cap that covers
the land permanently.the land permanently.
-- TUNDRA:TUNDRA: Herbaceous formation made up of mosses and lichens.Herbaceous formation made up of mosses and lichens.
• HUMAN LIFE:HUMAN LIFE: It´s practically uninhabited (Eskimos, Inuit or Lapps)It´s practically uninhabited (Eskimos, Inuit or Lapps)

15. HIGH MOUNTAIN CLIMATEHIGH MOUNTAIN CLIMATE
• LOCATIONLOCATION:: Is characteristic of great mountain ranges.Is characteristic of great mountain ranges.
• TEMPERATURESTEMPERATURES:: Are very low in winter and mild in summer.Are very low in winter and mild in summer.
• PRECIPITATIONS:PRECIPITATIONS: are abundant all the year round and inare abundant all the year round and in
winter very often fall as snow.winter very often fall as snow.
• LANDSCAPE:LANDSCAPE:
-- HIGH MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPE:HIGH MOUNTAIN LANDSCAPE:
Vegetation is terracedVegetation is terraced
and crops in levels.and crops in levels.
• HUMAN LIFE:HUMAN LIFE: These areas are uninhabited.These areas are uninhabited.

16. THE ENDTHE END