The child-study movement of the late 19th to early 20th century sought to reform public schools based on scientific findings about child development. Inspired by Jean-Jacques Rousseau's ideas, researchers like G. Stanley Hall collected data on children to establish norms and advocate for education tailored to students' individual needs. While music educators did not directly participate, the movement influenced textbooks and appreciation of developmental stages. It highlighted the need for research in music education and measurement of teaching effectiveness.
Listening Room - Listening and Appreciation Reimagined- Lauren FairbairnBushfire Press
Suitable for ALL Primary Music teachers
Making the Classics cool again - a whole world of music through listening (and moving, dancing, drama, body percussion, instrument playing, role-play, drawing, discussion & reflection)
Sensory overload and attention-span deficit are realities of our students’ world. We need to help them slow down, focus and process. And Listening & Appreciation (L & A) are two of the most powerful tools available. They always were … but it seems they got lost or fell out of fashion.
So how do we make L & A relevant to today’s students? By making it a dynamic experience. In this session, you will move, dance, act, play classroom instruments & body percussion, draw and discuss. L & A also introduces/extends musical elements, concepts and contexts (while introducing students to timeless classics) and can be incorporated throughout the primary years, K-6, and beyond.
Come along and discover a world of music as Lauren Fairbairn leads you through: Listening for creative movement, listening for playing classroom instruments and body percussion, listening for drama, listening for relaxation and listening for visual arts. All the music used is accessible via iTunes, Apple Music, Spotify, Youtube (and possibly your own CD collection).
Listening Room - Listening and Appreciation Reimagined- Lauren FairbairnBushfire Press
Suitable for ALL Primary Music teachers
Making the Classics cool again - a whole world of music through listening (and moving, dancing, drama, body percussion, instrument playing, role-play, drawing, discussion & reflection)
Sensory overload and attention-span deficit are realities of our students’ world. We need to help them slow down, focus and process. And Listening & Appreciation (L & A) are two of the most powerful tools available. They always were … but it seems they got lost or fell out of fashion.
So how do we make L & A relevant to today’s students? By making it a dynamic experience. In this session, you will move, dance, act, play classroom instruments & body percussion, draw and discuss. L & A also introduces/extends musical elements, concepts and contexts (while introducing students to timeless classics) and can be incorporated throughout the primary years, K-6, and beyond.
Come along and discover a world of music as Lauren Fairbairn leads you through: Listening for creative movement, listening for playing classroom instruments and body percussion, listening for drama, listening for relaxation and listening for visual arts. All the music used is accessible via iTunes, Apple Music, Spotify, Youtube (and possibly your own CD collection).
As the battle for influence over school reform continues in the 21st century, Mr. Gibboney finds that Edward Thorndike maintains the upper hand over John Dewey.
This presentation was purposely made for my presentation in Alternative Education.So sorry if I wasn't able to edit it. I shared it here so that students or teachers can benefit from it. Hope it helps. Thank you :)
As the battle for influence over school reform continues in the 21st century, Mr. Gibboney finds that Edward Thorndike maintains the upper hand over John Dewey.
This presentation was purposely made for my presentation in Alternative Education.So sorry if I wasn't able to edit it. I shared it here so that students or teachers can benefit from it. Hope it helps. Thank you :)
UK Addresses is a simple but powerful address look-up tool which draws information from Royal Mail's address databases, including the Postcode Address File (PAF). View the presentation now to see how you could benefit from Royal Mail UK Addresses.
This will give everyone a information drive towards the threat of using sanitary pads in the market today. Introducing FC Bio Sanitary Pads a revolutionary product..
Functions and advantages
Prevent menstrual cramps
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Gloria Ladson-Billings But Thats Just Good Teaching! Th.docxwhittemorelucilla
Gloria Ladson-Billings
But That's Just Good Teaching! The Case
for Culturally Relevant Pedagogy
FOR THE PAST 6 YEARS I have been engaged in
research with excellent teachers of African American
students (see, for example, Ladson-Billings, 1990,
1992b, 1992c, 1994). Given the dismal academic
performance of many African American students (The
College Board, 1985), I am not surprised that various
administrators, teachers, and teacher educators have
asked me to share and discuss my findings so that
they might incorporate them in their work. One usual
response to what I share is the comment around which
I have based this article, "But, that's just good
teaching!" Instead of some "magic bullet" or intricate
formula and steps for instruction, some members of
my audience are shocked to hear what seems to them
like some rather routine teaching strategies that are a
part of good teaching. My response is to affirm that,
indeed, I am describing good teaching, and to
question why so little of it seems to be occurring in
the classrooms populated by African American
students.
The pedagogical excellence I have studied is
good teaching, but it is much more than that. This
article is an attempt to describe a pedagogy I have
come to identify as "culturally relevant" (Ladson-
Billings, 1992a) and to argue for its centrality in the
academic success of African American and other
children who have not been well served by our
nation's public schools. First, I provide some
background information about
Gloria Ladson-Billings is associate professor of education at the
University of Wisconsin-Madison.
THEORY lNTO PRACTICE, Volume 34, Number 3, Summer 1995
Copyright 1995 College of Education, The Ohio State University
0040-5841/95$1.25
other attempts to look at linkages between school
and culture. Next, I discuss the theoretical grounding
of culturally relevant teaching in the context of a 3-
year study of successful teachers of African
American students. I conclude this discussion with
further examples of this pedagogy in action.
Linking Schooling and Culture
Native American educator Cornel Pewewardy
(1993) asserts that one of the reasons Indian children
experience difficulty in schools is that educators
traditionally have attempted to insert culture into the
education, instead of inserting education into the
culture. This notion is, in all probability, true for
many students who are not a part of the White,
middle-class mainstream. For almost 15 years,
anthropologists have looked at ways to develop a
closer fit between students' home culture and the
school. This work has had a variety of labels
including "culturally appropriate" (Au & Jordan,
1981), "culturally congruent" (Mohatt & Erickson,
1981), "culturally responsive" (Cazden & Leggett,
1981; Erickson & Mohatt, 1982), and "culturally
compatible" (Jordan, 1985; Vogt, Jordan, ...
Lucy Sprague Mitchell influenced America's education system greatly. She created the Bank Street College and her work led to the development of America's head start programs we have today.
Most of my information came from another powerpoint on this slideshare-
http://www.slideshare.net/lisamariedel001/lucy-sprague-mitchell?utm_source=slideshow02&utm_medium=ssemail&utm_campaign=share_slideshow
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
2. Background
A. Late 19th through early 20 th century movement
B. “Child-Study leaders sought to reform the public school,
restructuring them to conform to new scientific findings and to
make them more child centered.”
C. Jean Jacques Rousseau 1762
http://www.iep.utm.edu/rousseau/
3. Rousseau
1. He challenged the idea that human nature is inherently evil and
that children are born in sin.
2. He suggested that individuals progress through natural stages of
development.
3. He recommended that education be organized according to the
child’s natural stages of development.
4. At Rousseau's time children were thought to be miniature adults
and capable of dealing with adult concepts. His ideas had little
influence on educational practice of his time.
4. Rousseau’s ideas were revived in the 19th century
1. Heinrich Pestalozzi and Johann Friedrich Herbart put into practice
the theories of Rousseau.
2. These practices called for structuring educational experiences
along the child’s natural lines of development.
5. Why did the child-study movement happen?
A. Charles Darwin published the Origin of Species in 1859 which for
him supported the theory of evolution.
1. The “evolutionary theory led to a theory of recapitulation that held that the
growth and development of individuals, civilizations, and entire cultures
corresponds generally to the evolutionary development of the human race.”
2. The recapitulation theory became an important tenet in the child-study
movement.
6. Wilhelm Wundt
1. He believed that human behavior could be studied on
an empirical basis. This means that he thought he
could study human behavior just by observing and
experimenting.
2. His ideas refuted faculty psychology which believed
that all people learn exactly the same way, some just
learn faster than others and that training one faculty
of the mind improves the mind’s ability to function
from that time on.
a) Faculty psychology was called “transfer training.”
For example; memorizing Latin was thought to help
in memorizing all other material.
7. The results and effects of Darwin and Wundt’s
studies
A. America’s school were criticized in the 1870s.
B. The number of states with compulsory education laws jumped
from 2 to 15
8. Attacks on Education
A. Charles W. Eliot, the president of Harvard University,
“charged that classes and schools were too large and that
young inexperienced female teachers employed at too low
of salaries tended to leave the profession after marriage.”
B. Anna Brackett was the first woman given the head position
in a normal school.
1) She criticized teachers for relying on the recitation method.
2) She blamed the recitation method for student’s inability to make good
judgments and to determine the significance of events.
C. Charles F. Adams was a member of a influential family.
1) He charged that memorization had become the goal of education.
2) He believed the true aim of education should be to prepare children to
educate themselves.
9. The effects of Eliot, Brackett, and Adams
A. Studies were done to improve teaching methods. These studies
attempted to establish norms for height, weight, head size, arm
length, and other characteristics.
B. Stanley Hall in 1880 was a prominent American psychologist.
1. He had four kindergarten teachers collect psychological data on a large
number of children. The teachers interviewed children with a set of
questions prepared by Hall.
2. He wanted to discover the extent of children’s knowledge.
3. He became the undisputed leader of the child-study movement.
Educational leaders began to insist that teachers view their students as
individuals, each with differing abilities, potential, and needs. Teachers
were first told to collect data and then to provide guidance and training
to help the child learn.
10. The child-study movement
A. The movement rapidly spread into many countries. New
foundations and publications were founded to learn more about
children.
11. Influence on Music
1. The influences were seen in some vocal series and music
appreciation textbooks of the day.
2. The effects were seen in the later generations of music
educators.
12. Hall’s three stages of child development
a) The first stage was ages 3 through 8. Rhythm studies were
emphasized during this stage because it was the basis of music. A
child’s feelings were said to be very important.
b) The second stage was ages 8 through 12. During this stage
children’s thoughts and morals were important. The growth of
arithmetic, language, and musical skills should be emphasized.
c) The third stage was considered the time for continued
development of character, emotions, and a variety of subjects.
Musical and other types of drills were de-emphasized so that
children could focus on other subjects.
13. 4. Vocal music series
As a result some vocal series tried to included folksongs to
teach social and cultural values. They encouraged rote singing.
5. Other Music arrangements
Tried to arrange music according to difficulty.
6. The music education profession
Did not participate in the research.
14. The child-study had four movements
A. Movement one led by E.H. Russell sought to have teachers,
parents, church workers, and other adults gather information
about large numbers of children, collate the facts, and then make
generalizations. The important thing was to get a large group of
information.
B. Group two led by Hall used standardized questionnaires. The
questionnaires were given to teachers and presented to children.
C. Group three led by Earl Barnes had children respond to questions
and stories by drawing pictures or writing stories themselves.
Responses were collected to provide information about
children’s lives.
D. Group four led by E. W. Scripture and Joseph Jastrow had
children come to psychological laboratories. There the children
were measured for things like age, height, weight, and ability.
From their research, came the development of normative charts.
15. E. Music research found in the four movements
• Musical learning was not of great interest to the four movements’
studies and the people who designed the experiments. However a
few musical findings were found.
16. Musical impact
A. One study asked for song preferences and reasons for the
preferences.
B. Another study found that 8% to 15% of students in the first two
weeks of school were able the sing with some accuracy the notes
in the diatonic scale. After two months 25% to 40% could sing the
diatonic scale. By fourth or fifth grade 90% to 95% of students
could sing the diatonic scale.
C. Music educators continued to not be inclined to measure
teaching effectiveness.
17. Musical impact continued
D. Non musicians who were child-study advocates were involved in
measuring the children’s perceptions of quarter tones, while others
observed babies’ reactions to someone playing the piano.
E. J.A. Gilbert measured the sensitivity of children of different ages to
changes in pitch. The experiments were called “Experiments on the
Musical Sensitiveness of School Children.”
18. Summary
A. The results of the child-study movement can been seen in certain
textbooks. It is through G. Stanley Hall’s research that music
education is impacted.
B. Music educators were either unaware of the work of others
related to their field, they were more interested in teaching
methods, or they were trying to find acceptance in the school
curriculum during this period of research. However music
educators were not involved in the child-study movement.
C. The child-study movement eventually yielded to the progressive
education movement.
D. The influence of research in music education was started during
the child-study era.
19. Bibliography
• Delaney, James J. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy “ Jean-
Jacques Rousseau.” Niagara University. 2005
http://www.iep.utm.edu/rousseau/
• Humphreys, Jere T. Summer 1985. “The Child Study Movement? and
the Public School Music Education.” Journal of Research in Music
Education 33: 79.