After World War 2, Germany was divided between the Western Allies and Soviet Union. Berlin was also divided, and from 1949 to 1961 over 2.7 million East Germans fled to the West via Berlin. In 1961, East Germany erected the Berlin Wall to stop the flow of emigrants. The wall cut through neighborhoods and became a symbol of the Cold War. It stood for 28 years until 1989, when political reforms in the Eastern Bloc led East Germany to open border crossings and allow East Berliners to freely enter West Berlin, leading to the fall of the wall.